US3454495A - Composition and process for metal forming - Google Patents

Composition and process for metal forming Download PDF

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Publication number
US3454495A
US3454495A US570696A US3454495DA US3454495A US 3454495 A US3454495 A US 3454495A US 570696 A US570696 A US 570696A US 3454495D A US3454495D A US 3454495DA US 3454495 A US3454495 A US 3454495A
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Prior art keywords
lubricant
composition
oil
grams
acid
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US570696A
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Horst Schneider
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Henkel Corp
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Hooker Chemical Corp
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Assigned to HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP, A CORP OF NY reassignment HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP, A CORP OF NY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION
Assigned to OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION reassignment OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE MARCH 30, 1982. Assignors: HOOKER CHEMICAS & PLASTICS CORP.
Assigned to PARKER CHEMICAL COMPANY, A DE CORP. reassignment PARKER CHEMICAL COMPANY, A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/024—Propene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/22—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/402—Castor oils
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/042—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds between the nitrogen-containing monomer and an aldehyde or ketone
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/043—Mannich bases
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
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    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
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    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
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    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
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    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy
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    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • a liquid or paste like lubricant material which contains fats, mineral oils, soaps, fatty acids, or other similar lubricating components. It is also well known in the art that the effectiveness of such lubricant compositions can be increased by including in the composition a pigment material. Materials such as bentonite, colloidal clays, chalk, amorphous silicic acid, borax, as well as solid dry lubricant materials, such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide, are typical of those which have been used.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved lubricant composition which has the superior lubricating qualities of graphite and molybdenum disulfite containing compositions but which is not subject to the cleaning difficulties encountered with such compositions.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for the cold forming of metals, which method utilizes the improved lubricant compositi-on as set forth hereinabove.
  • the present invention includes a liquid lubricant composition
  • a liquid lubricant composition comprising an organic lubricant material and at least one porous, capillary active, inorganic pigment, swellable in alkaline solution, the pores of which pigment are at least partially impregnated with a thermoplastic plastic.
  • these compositions are at least as effective as lubricants as the lubricant compositions containing dry lubricants, such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide, while being much more easily removed from the metal surface after the forming operation.
  • dry lubricants such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide
  • the composition of the present invention comprises an organic lubricant base, preferably containing from about 1 to 30% by weight of the composition, of a porous, capillary active, inorganic pigment, swellable in alkaline solution, the pores of which pigment material are at least partially impregnated with a thermoplastic plastic.
  • the organic lubricant material which forms the base of the present lubricating composition may be any suitable organic lubricant, as is known to those in the art.
  • the organic lubricant material is preferably selected from the group consisting of oils, fats, fatty acids, fatty acid soaps, or the like.
  • Typical of the lubricant materials which may be used are aliphatic compounds containing from about 12 to 30 carbon atoms, in a straight or branched chain, which compounds may be either saturated or unsaturated.
  • these materials include mineral oils and fatty oils, such as cod liver oil, halibut oil, herring oil, menhaden oil, porpoise oil, salmon oil, sardine oil, shark oil, tuna oil, olein, palmitin, stearin, coconut oil, nutmeg oil, palm oil, peanut oil, whale oil, mustard oil, and the like.
  • the lubricating component may also include the various fatty acids of these oils, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, orachidic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, clupau-odonic acid, and the like, as well as the various water soluble and/or dispersible soaps of these acids, particularly the alkali metal soaps such as the sodium soaps.
  • these oils such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, orachidic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, clupau-odonic acid, and the like, as well as the various water soluble and/or dispersible soaps of these acids, particularly the alkali metal soaps such as the sodium soaps.
  • porous, capillary-active pigments may be used in the present lubricant composition, as are known in the art.
  • exemplary of such pigments are silica xero gels, such as silica gel, diatomaceous earth, fullers earth, bentonite, montmorillonite, artificial and natural zeolites, aluminum hydroxides, and the like.
  • silica xero gels such as silica gel, diatomaceous earth, fullers earth, bentonite, montmorillonite, artificial and natural zeolites, aluminum hydroxides, and the like.
  • the aluminum hydroxides have been found to be particularly suitable and, hence, for many applications are preferred.
  • thermoplastic plastics with which the pores of the inorganic pigment material are at least partially impregnated may be various thermoplastic materials such as, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyurea, polyacrylamides and the like.
  • the thermoplastic used is one having a relatively low melting point, thermoplastic materials having a dropping point within the range of about to degrees centigrade being preferred.
  • polyethylene having a dropping point within the above range has been found to be particularly suitable, so that hereinafter, primary reference will be made to this material.
  • the plastic is preferably heated to a temperature above its dropping point and then intimately admixed with the inorganic pigment using any suitable mixing apparatus, such as a kneader or mixing rolls.
  • any suitable mixing apparatus such as a kneader or mixing rolls.
  • the inorganic pigment material may be preheated, prior to the addition of the thermoplastic material, thus helping to maintain the thermoplastic material in the non-solid state during the mixing operation.
  • the resulting composition may be solidified by cooling and then ground to a suitable particle size for addition to the lubricant composition.
  • the mixture of the thermoplastic material and the pigment while still in the plastic state, may be mixed directly with the lubricant composition. In either instance, there is obtained a lubricant composition, in
  • the lubricant portion of the composition may be made up of one or more of various oils, fats, fatty acids, soaps, or the like.
  • these lubricant compositions are desirably liquid.
  • the liquid phase is water, so that the composition is an aqueous solution or dispersion of the lubricant material, which may, if desired, contain suitable emulsifiers or be a combination of an aqueous phase and a second emulsified liquid phase, such as an emulsified mineral oil.
  • the liquid phase of the lubricant composition may be essentially a mineral, vegetable or animal fat or oil or mixtures thereof, rather than water.
  • the impregnated inorganic pigment is preferably present in the lubricant compositions in amounts within the range of about 1 to 30% by weight of the composition, the amount of the impregnated pigment may be varied within broad limits so that in some instances, amounts outside of this pre ferred range may be used.
  • EXAMPLE 1 177.5 grams of polyethylene, having a dropping point within the range of 112 to 118 degrees centigrade, were placed in a heatable kneader and melted at 130 degrees centigrade. To the melt was then added 365 grams of magnesium-aluminum silicate (fullers earth). The resulting mixture was kneaded for 30 minutes. To the still plastic mixture was then added a mixture of 170 grams of olein, 14 grams of a nonionic emulsifier, 113.5 grams of water and 170 grams of the potassium salt of fish oil fatty acid. The resulting composition was mixed until there was obtained a white, paste-like lubricant concentrate.
  • This concentrate was formed into working lubricant compositions by diluting the concentrate with water in various ratios of concentrate to water within the range of 1:1 to 1:10.
  • the lubricant dispersions obtained were then used in the deep drawing of thick-walled sheets of cold rolled steel having a thickness of two millimeters. After drawing, the sheets showed no evidence of grooves or other injuries. Additionally, there was no evidence in the lubricant concentrate of any of the diluted lubricant dispersions of any dissociation of the components, even after extended standing.
  • EXAMPLE 2 1.98 kilograms of polyethylene, having a dropping point within the range of about 112 to 118 degrees centigrade, was heated in a heatable roll mill to about 130 degrees centigrade. 3.94 kilograms of montmorillonite were then rolled into the hot composition. The resulting mixture of the montmorillonite, impregnated with polyethylene, was allowed to cool and was then ground. The resulting finely ground material was then added to a mixture of 1.89 grams of olein, 0.16 kilogram of a nonionic emulsifier, 1.26 kilograms of water and 1.89 kilograms of the potas sium salt of fish oil fatty acid. The mixture was vigorously stirred and a white, paste-like lubricant concentrate was obtained.
  • This concentrate was diluted with water as in Example 1, using ratios of concentrate to water within the range of 1:1 to 1:10, and the resulting lubricant dispersions were used in the deep drawing of steel sheet as in Example 1. In each instance, there was no evidence of injury to the formed parts and no settling or separation of the components of either the concentrate or the lubricant dispersions was found.
  • EXAMPLE 3 625 grams of polyethylene, having a dropping point within the range of 112 to 118 degrees centigrade, were heated to about degrees centigrade in a heatable kneader. 1,250 grams of finely divided aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH) were slowly introduced into the melt with intensive kneading.
  • thermoplastic material polypropylene, polyisobutylene, a polyamide, a polyurethane, a polyacrylamide, and a polyurea, in place of the polyethylene.
  • the lubricant composition formed gives comparable results in cleanability and lubricating effectiveness.
  • a lubricant composition for use in the cold forming of metals which comprises a liquid phase and a solid phase the solid phase being dispersed in the liquid phase, said liquid phase comprising at least one of a fatty lubricant material and Water and the solid phase comprising at least one porous, capillary-active inorganic pigment,
  • thermoplastic resin swellable in alkaline solution, the pores of which pigment are at least partially impregnated with a thermoplastic resin.
  • thermoplastic resin is present in an amount within the range of about 1 to 30% by weight of the lubricant composition.
  • fatty lubricant material is selected from the group consisting of fats, oils, fatty acids and soaps of fatty acids, containing from 12 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • thermoplastic resin with which the inorganic pigment is impregnated is polyethylene having a dropping point within the range of 95 to 120 degrees centigrade.
  • a method of deforming metal surfaces which comprises contacting the metal surface to be deformed with the liquid lubricant composition as claimed in claim 1, forming a lubricant coating on the metal surface and thereafter deforming the thus-lubricant coated metal surface.
  • fatty lubricant material in the lubricant composition is selected from the group consisting of fats, oils, fatty acids, and

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779918A (en) * 1968-05-04 1973-12-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries Lubricant-containing polymeric synthetic resin composition
US3950979A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-04-20 Western Electric Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for tube extrusion
US4027070A (en) * 1974-03-08 1977-05-31 Nippon Steel Corporation Steel plate for preparing cans by ironing
US4036765A (en) * 1975-06-11 1977-07-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Run-flat tire lubricant
US4152916A (en) * 1976-06-04 1979-05-08 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) Method of processing steel strip using a rolling oil emulsion containing SiO2 as a stabilized silicic acid sol
US4310427A (en) * 1980-04-25 1982-01-12 Nalco Chemical Company Water dispersible band ply lubricant
US4366075A (en) * 1972-12-29 1982-12-28 Phillips Cables Limited Composition for filling cables
EP0236022A3 (en) * 1986-02-24 1989-02-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Lubricating oil for plastic working and articles worked by using the same
US4812245A (en) * 1984-06-11 1989-03-14 The Dow Chemical Company Intercalations of crystalline lithium aluminates
EP0309054A1 (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-29 Unilever N.V. Use as hydraulik fluid or metal-rolling fluid of a lubricant
US5039435A (en) * 1989-01-13 1991-08-13 Hanano Commercial Co., Ltd. Die-casting powdery mold releasing agent
US5614481A (en) * 1991-12-30 1997-03-25 Lopez Rangel; Victor D. Process for obtaining and manufacturing lubricant greases
US20110250999A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Naegele Michael Device and method for the lubrication of a chain drive

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2905955C2 (de) * 1979-02-16 1982-06-09 Jürgen 8858 Neuburg Hoppe Verwendung einer pulverförmige staubbildende Teilchen und eine gegenüber staubbildenden Teilchen gute Abdhäsionseigenschaften aufweisende organische Verbindung enthaltenden Komposition als staubfreies Puderungs- und Trennmittel

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3392117A (en) * 1966-05-02 1968-07-09 Hooker Chemical Corp Lubricant composition and method

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3392117A (en) * 1966-05-02 1968-07-09 Hooker Chemical Corp Lubricant composition and method

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779918A (en) * 1968-05-04 1973-12-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries Lubricant-containing polymeric synthetic resin composition
US4366075A (en) * 1972-12-29 1982-12-28 Phillips Cables Limited Composition for filling cables
US4027070A (en) * 1974-03-08 1977-05-31 Nippon Steel Corporation Steel plate for preparing cans by ironing
US3950979A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-04-20 Western Electric Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for tube extrusion
US4036765A (en) * 1975-06-11 1977-07-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Run-flat tire lubricant
US4152916A (en) * 1976-06-04 1979-05-08 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) Method of processing steel strip using a rolling oil emulsion containing SiO2 as a stabilized silicic acid sol
US4310427A (en) * 1980-04-25 1982-01-12 Nalco Chemical Company Water dispersible band ply lubricant
US4812245A (en) * 1984-06-11 1989-03-14 The Dow Chemical Company Intercalations of crystalline lithium aluminates
US4910246A (en) * 1984-06-11 1990-03-20 The Dow Chemical Company Intercalations of crystalline lithium aluminates
EP0236022A3 (en) * 1986-02-24 1989-02-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Lubricating oil for plastic working and articles worked by using the same
EP0309054A1 (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-29 Unilever N.V. Use as hydraulik fluid or metal-rolling fluid of a lubricant
AU603927B2 (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-11-29 Unilever Plc A lubricant comprising an oil-in water emulsion, a process for the preparation thereof and the use of the lubricant
US4995995A (en) * 1987-09-21 1991-02-26 Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. Lubricant comprising an oil-in-water emulsion, a process for the preparation thereof and the use of the lubricant
US5039435A (en) * 1989-01-13 1991-08-13 Hanano Commercial Co., Ltd. Die-casting powdery mold releasing agent
US5614481A (en) * 1991-12-30 1997-03-25 Lopez Rangel; Victor D. Process for obtaining and manufacturing lubricant greases
US20110250999A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Naegele Michael Device and method for the lubrication of a chain drive
US8573362B2 (en) * 2010-04-09 2013-11-05 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Device and method for the lubrication of a chain drive

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