US3443631A - High-pressure container - Google Patents

High-pressure container Download PDF

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US3443631A
US3443631A US392517A US3443631DA US3443631A US 3443631 A US3443631 A US 3443631A US 392517 A US392517 A US 392517A US 3443631D A US3443631D A US 3443631DA US 3443631 A US3443631 A US 3443631A
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chamber
pressure
shell
container
concrete
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US392517A
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Ferdinand Bremer
Joachim Meyer
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Beteiligungs und Patentverwaltungs GmbH
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Beteiligungs und Patentverwaltungs GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/02—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/18—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E04H7/20—Prestressed constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C11/00—Shielding structurally associated with the reactor
    • G21C11/08—Thermal shields; Thermal linings, i.e. for dissipating heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer biological shield ; Thermal insulation
    • G21C11/088—Thermal shields; Thermal linings, i.e. for dissipating heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer biological shield ; Thermal insulation consisting of a stagnant or a circulating fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
    • G21C15/12—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from pressure vessel; from containment vessel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to containers for high inner pressure, especially pressure containers for core reactors.
  • lt is another object of this invention to provide a container as set forth in the preceding paragraph which can be readily constructed at relatively low costs.
  • FIG. l illustrates a vertical section through a cylindrical pressure container according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section through a spherical pressure container according to the present invention.
  • the container according to the present invention is characterized in that the container wall is composed of at least an outer shell of pre-stressed concrete, of an inner shell by means of which harmful effects of the container contentsexcept the pressure effectare kept away from the outer shell, and as the case may be from the surroundings outside said outer shell, and of a filling of liquid of low compressibility interposed between said two shells, means being provided which are adapted to convey the pressure in the interior of the container onto said filling without subjecting the inner shell to stresses.
  • a cooling system is provided within said filling.
  • the means for conveying the pressure from the interior of the container onto said filling preferably consists of at least a passage in the inner shell and a diaphragm adapted to close said passage.
  • the inner shell is formed, for instance, by a cover of temperature nonsensitive protective material such as concrete of high heat resistance, and by a cover of heat insulating material for instance ceramic or tuff surrounding said first mentioned cover.
  • the pressure States mem lice container illustrated in FIG. l has an outer cylindrical shell 1 of pre-stressed concrete.
  • outer shell 1 of pre-stressed concrete.
  • steel wires 2 which impart upon the concrete the required pre-stress in tangential direction.
  • the inner chamber of the container is confined by a cylindrical wall 3 of concrete of high heat resistance.
  • This concrete which, as the case may be, is particularly heavy and rich in hydrogen, serves for shielding against radioactive rays.
  • Wall 3 has its outside surrounded by a wall 4 of heat insulating material as, for instance, ceramic or tuff.
  • Each, the inner wall 3 and the outside of wall 4 is covered by a skin S and 6 respectively of steel sheet metal. These metal sheets serveV as gas and liquid seal. Moreover, they may also serve as mold when preparing wall 3, 4.
  • a cylindrical chamber 7 which is completely filled with water and contains cooling pipes 8 leading at the upper end of chamber 7 toward the outside for connection with a cooling system.
  • the inner chamber C of the container communicates with the intermediate chamber 7 between the two shells by at least one passage 9 which has two bends and extends through wall 3 and also through wall 4.
  • the mouth of passage 9 in chamber 7 is closed by a diaphragm 10, which transmits the pressure from the inner chamber C to the intermediate chamber 7. Furthermore the diaphragm 10 prevents any exchange of media between the inner chamber C and the intermediate chamber 7.
  • the passage 9 in cooperation with the diaphragm 10 causes the existence of equal pressures in the inner chamber C and the intermediate chamber 7.
  • the top and bottom of said container are closed by inwardly arched spherical segments 11 and 12 respectively of concrete. These segments are provided with linings 13 and 14 respectively of heat insulating material as for instance ceramic. Lining 14 is designed as load distributing pressure layer.
  • a conduit 15 extends through an opening of the container and is adapted to be connected to means for gas feeding.
  • Outer shell 1 is in axial direction thereof pre-stressed by vertically extending steel wires 16. Near the ends 0f shell 1, the concrete is provided with passages 17 for cooling air.
  • the pressure prevailing in the container is conveyed to the water in chamber 7 by channel 9 or, as the case may be, by a plurality of such channels in the interior wall 3 and the heat insulating wall 4 in cooperation with a diaphragm or diaphragms 10. Since, therefore, a pressure equalization is effected between the inner and outer sides of the inner shell formed by walls 3 and 4, this shell will not be subjected to the pressure of operation of the reactor.
  • This pressure is rather absorbed solely ⁇ by the outer pre-stressed concrete shell 1 inasmuch as it is this shell 1 onto which said pressure is con veyed by the water filling in chamber 7. Consequently, by means of steel wires 2, such a pre-stress of the concrete in shell 1 is produced that at the maximum pressure of operation occurring in the reactor, a suflicient compressive stress remains in the concrete.
  • pre-stressing wires 2 and 16 are located exclusively in the outer concrete shell 1, they are not exposed to any undesired temperature influences. This is aided on one hand by the heat insulating wall 4 which limits the temperature drop in Wall 3, for instance to 50 C., and on the other hand, the heat transfer-red to the water filling is conducted away by means of cooling pipes 8.
  • Chamber 7 between the outer and inner shells may, instead of being filled with water, also be filled with ana other liquid as for instance oil.
  • Water is particularly advantageous inasmuch as it represents a good heat con ductor and, moreover, acts as brake for neutrons.
  • the ball-shaped container according to FIG. 2 is principally built up in the same ⁇ way as the cylindrical con tainer of FIG. 1.
  • the outer shell 18 is formed by a hollow ball of pre-stressed concrete.
  • the lower portion of said hollow ball merges with a base 19, whereas the upper portion merges with a connecting piece 20 for a filling device for the reactor.
  • the concrete of this shell contains a network of steel wires 21 crossing each other for obtaining a pre-stress.
  • the tensioning heads 22 of said wires 21 are accessible from the outside.
  • the inner shell is formed by a hollow ball 23 of concrete of high heat resistance and of a ball-shaped wall 24 surrounding said hollow ball ⁇ 23 and made of insulating material as, for instance ceramic or tuff.
  • the inner side of hollow ball 23 and the outside of wall 24 are each provided with a skin 25, 26 respectively of steel sheet metal.
  • Inner shell 23, 24 rests upon outer shell 18 by means of hearings 27 of corrosion-resistant steel.
  • a concrete stud 28 is provided which extends from the outer shell 18 with slight play into a recess 29 of the inner shell.
  • a conduit 15 extends through an opening of the container and is adapted to be connected to means for the gas feeding.
  • the inner shell 23, 24 is in the same manner as the container of FIG. 1 relieved from pressure by the fact that a pressure equalization is effected between the interior of the container and an intermediate chamber 30 provided between the outer and inner shells and filled with water.
  • This may be effected by a pressure control system which from the outside acts upon the filling of chamber 30.
  • pipes 31 and 32 respectively the interior of the container and the intermediate chamber 30 are connected with a difference pressure control gauge 33. Any difference in pressure in the interior of the container and the chamber 30 is transmitted to a command unit 34.
  • the command unit 34 pilots the pump 3S in such a way that the pressures are kept in equilibrium.
  • the pump 35 is connected with the storage unit 36.
  • Chamber 30 also has provided therein cooling means 33. Also in this instance, the steel wires 21 for imposing a pre-stress upon the outer shell 18 are guarded against harmful temperature influences.
  • a high pressure container which includes: an outer shell of prestressed concrete, an inner heat insulating shell arranged in radially spaced relationship to and within said outer shell so as to define therewith a chamber closed in itself, said chamber being filled with a liquid, cooling means extending into said liquid filled chamber for cooling the liquid therein, the inside wall of said inner shell For purpose of defining a main chamber, and means communicating with both said inner chamber and said liquid filled chamber for equalizing the pressure in both of said chambers, whereby said inner shell does not have to absorb the pressure prevailing in said main chamber and said inner shell need not be of prestressed concrete.
  • a high pressure container in which the means for equalizing the pressure in both of said chambers includes conduit means leading from said main chamber through said inner shell to said liquid filled chamber and also includes diaphragm means extending over the mouth of said conduit means in said liquid filled chamber.
  • a high pressure container in which said inner shell comprises a first part of high heat resistant material and also comprises a second part surrounding said first part and consisting of heat insulating material.
  • a high pressure container in which said inner and outer shells are of a cylindrical contour and are closed at their ends by inwardly arched end walls with an inner lining of heat insulating material.
  • a high pressure container in which said container has a ball-shaped contour with the inner and outer shells thereof interlocked.
  • a high pressure container in which said conduit means leading from said main chamber to said liquid filled chamber is formed by stepped conduit means.
  • said inner heat insulating shell includes: a concrete central wall portion, an outer heat insulating wall portion engaging said central wall portion, and an inner wall portion of sheet metal in engagement with said central wall portion so that said central wall portion is interposed between and in engagement with said outer heat insulating wall portion and said inner wall portion.
  • a high pressure container in which said outer heat insulating wall portion is of tuff.

Description

May 13, 196,9 F. BREMER ET AL 3,443,631
HIGH-PRESSURE CONTAINER Filed Aug. 27, 1964 sheet of 2 FIG] Ferdi han d Pre mer Toachim Heyer May 13, 1969 MREMER mL 3,443,631
HIGH-PRESSURE CONTAINER Filed Aug. 27. 1964 sheet Z of 2 Inventors:
Fer din an d Bremer Toa chim Neyer Unite The present invention relates to containers for high inner pressure, especially pressure containers for core reactors.
It is an object of the present invention economically so to design containers for high inner pressure that the inner pressure will not only be safely absorbed but that also damages due to the special properties of the container contents will be safely avoided.
lt is another object of this invention to provide a container as set forth in the preceding paragraph which can be readily constructed at relatively low costs.
These and other objects and advantagesl of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. l illustrates a vertical section through a cylindrical pressure container according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross section through a spherical pressure container according to the present invention.
With pressure containers, especially for core reactors, it is of foremost importance that the wall of the container is suiciently strong, particularly in view of the great diameter involved of, for instance, 2() meters, in combination with the high inner pressure of7 for instance 50 atmospheres above atmospheric pressure-with smaller diameters even pressure up to 150 atmospheres above atmospheric pressure may be involved. In addition thereto, a complete shielding against radioactive rays must be assured and any harmful influence of the temperatures in the container, especially upon the steel wires of the pre-stressed concrete, must be avoided. To take in consideration the above mentioned circumstances would, with heretofore customary designs of pressure containers of pre-stressed concrete, require considerably thick walls and would result in an uneconomical construction. While avoiding such uneconomical construction and realizing the above objects, the container according to the present invention is characterized in that the container wall is composed of at least an outer shell of pre-stressed concrete, of an inner shell by means of which harmful effects of the container contentsexcept the pressure effectare kept away from the outer shell, and as the case may be from the surroundings outside said outer shell, and of a filling of liquid of low compressibility interposed between said two shells, means being provided which are adapted to convey the pressure in the interior of the container onto said filling without subjecting the inner shell to stresses.
Expediently, a cooling system is provided within said filling. The means for conveying the pressure from the interior of the container onto said filling, preferably consists of at least a passage in the inner shell and a diaphragm adapted to close said passage. The inner shell is formed, for instance, by a cover of temperature nonsensitive protective material such as concrete of high heat resistance, and by a cover of heat insulating material for instance ceramic or tuff surrounding said first mentioned cover.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, the pressure States mem lice container illustrated in FIG. l has an outer cylindrical shell 1 of pre-stressed concrete. Provided in said outer shell 1 are steel wires 2 which impart upon the concrete the required pre-stress in tangential direction. The inner chamber of the container is confined by a cylindrical wall 3 of concrete of high heat resistance. This concrete, which, as the case may be, is particularly heavy and rich in hydrogen, serves for shielding against radioactive rays. Wall 3 has its outside surrounded by a wall 4 of heat insulating material as, for instance, ceramic or tuff. Each, the inner wall 3 and the outside of wall 4 is covered by a skin S and 6 respectively of steel sheet metal. These metal sheets serveV as gas and liquid seal. Moreover, they may also serve as mold when preparing wall 3, 4.
Between outer shell 1 of pre-stressed concrete and the inner shell formed by walls 3 and 4, there is provided a cylindrical chamber 7 which is completely filled with water and contains cooling pipes 8 leading at the upper end of chamber 7 toward the outside for connection with a cooling system.
The inner chamber C of the container communicates with the intermediate chamber 7 between the two shells by at least one passage 9 which has two bends and extends through wall 3 and also through wall 4. The mouth of passage 9 in chamber 7 is closed by a diaphragm 10, which transmits the pressure from the inner chamber C to the intermediate chamber 7. Furthermore the diaphragm 10 prevents any exchange of media between the inner chamber C and the intermediate chamber 7. The passage 9 in cooperation with the diaphragm 10 causes the existence of equal pressures in the inner chamber C and the intermediate chamber 7. The top and bottom of said container are closed by inwardly arched spherical segments 11 and 12 respectively of concrete. These segments are provided with linings 13 and 14 respectively of heat insulating material as for instance ceramic. Lining 14 is designed as load distributing pressure layer. A conduit 15 extends through an opening of the container and is adapted to be connected to means for gas feeding. Outer shell 1 is in axial direction thereof pre-stressed by vertically extending steel wires 16. Near the ends 0f shell 1, the concrete is provided with passages 17 for cooling air.
The pressure prevailing in the container is conveyed to the water in chamber 7 by channel 9 or, as the case may be, by a plurality of such channels in the interior wall 3 and the heat insulating wall 4 in cooperation with a diaphragm or diaphragms 10. Since, therefore, a pressure equalization is effected between the inner and outer sides of the inner shell formed by walls 3 and 4, this shell will not be subjected to the pressure of operation of the reactor. This pressure is rather absorbed solely `by the outer pre-stressed concrete shell 1 inasmuch as it is this shell 1 onto which said pressure is con veyed by the water filling in chamber 7. Consequently, by means of steel wires 2, such a pre-stress of the concrete in shell 1 is produced that at the maximum pressure of operation occurring in the reactor, a suflicient compressive stress remains in the concrete.
Inasmuch as the pre-stressing wires 2 and 16 are located exclusively in the outer concrete shell 1, they are not exposed to any undesired temperature influences. This is aided on one hand by the heat insulating wall 4 which limits the temperature drop in Wall 3, for instance to 50 C., and on the other hand, the heat transfer-red to the water filling is conducted away by means of cooling pipes 8.
Chamber 7 between the outer and inner shells may, instead of being filled with water, also be filled with ana other liquid as for instance oil. Water is particularly advantageous inasmuch as it represents a good heat con ductor and, moreover, acts as brake for neutrons.
The ball-shaped container according to FIG. 2 is principally built up in the same `way as the cylindrical con tainer of FIG. 1. The outer shell 18 is formed by a hollow ball of pre-stressed concrete. The lower portion of said hollow ball merges with a base 19, whereas the upper portion merges with a connecting piece 20 for a filling device for the reactor. The concrete of this shell contains a network of steel wires 21 crossing each other for obtaining a pre-stress. The tensioning heads 22 of said wires 21 are accessible from the outside. The inner shell is formed by a hollow ball 23 of concrete of high heat resistance and of a ball-shaped wall 24 surrounding said hollow ball `23 and made of insulating material as, for instance ceramic or tuff. The inner side of hollow ball 23 and the outside of wall 24 are each provided with a skin 25, 26 respectively of steel sheet metal. Inner shell 23, 24 rests upon outer shell 18 by means of hearings 27 of corrosion-resistant steel. stabilizing the inner spherical shell, a concrete stud 28 is provided which extends from the outer shell 18 with slight play into a recess 29 of the inner shell. Again a conduit 15 extends through an opening of the container and is adapted to be connected to means for the gas feeding.
With the ball-shaped container according to FIG. 2, the inner shell 23, 24 is in the same manner as the container of FIG. 1 relieved from pressure by the fact that a pressure equalization is effected between the interior of the container and an intermediate chamber 30 provided between the outer and inner shells and filled with water. This may be effected by a pressure control system which from the outside acts upon the filling of chamber 30. By pipes 31 and 32 respectively the interior of the container and the intermediate chamber 30 are connected with a difference pressure control gauge 33. Any difference in pressure in the interior of the container and the chamber 30 is transmitted to a command unit 34. The command unit 34 pilots the pump 3S in such a way that the pressures are kept in equilibrium. The pump 35 is connected with the storage unit 36. Chamber 30 also has provided therein cooling means 33. Also in this instance, the steel wires 21 for imposing a pre-stress upon the outer shell 18 are guarded against harmful temperature influences.
It is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is, by no means, limited to the particular constructions shown in the drawings but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims. Thus, while the present invention has been described in connection with containers for core reactors, it is expressly to be understood that the present invention also applies to reaction vessels of apparatuses in the chemical industry which have a high inner pressure and require a lining resistant against chemical influences.
What we claim is:
1. A high pressure container, which includes: an outer shell of prestressed concrete, an inner heat insulating shell arranged in radially spaced relationship to and within said outer shell so as to define therewith a chamber closed in itself, said chamber being filled with a liquid, cooling means extending into said liquid filled chamber for cooling the liquid therein, the inside wall of said inner shell For purpose of defining a main chamber, and means communicating with both said inner chamber and said liquid filled chamber for equalizing the pressure in both of said chambers, whereby said inner shell does not have to absorb the pressure prevailing in said main chamber and said inner shell need not be of prestressed concrete.
2. A high pressure container according to claim 1, in which the means for equalizing the pressure in both of said chambers includes conduit means leading from said main chamber through said inner shell to said liquid filled chamber and also includes diaphragm means extending over the mouth of said conduit means in said liquid filled chamber.
3. A high pressure container according to claim 1, in which said inner shell comprises a first part of high heat resistant material and also comprises a second part surrounding said first part and consisting of heat insulating material.
4. A high pressure container according to claim 1, in which said inner and outer shells are of a cylindrical contour and are closed at their ends by inwardly arched end walls with an inner lining of heat insulating material.
5. A high pressure container according to claim 1, in which said container has a ball-shaped contour with the inner and outer shells thereof interlocked.
6. A high pressure container according to claim 2, in which said conduit means leading from said main chamber to said liquid filled chamber is formed by stepped conduit means.
7. A high pressure container according to claim 2, in which said inner heat insulating shell includes: a concrete central wall portion, an outer heat insulating wall portion engaging said central wall portion, and an inner wall portion of sheet metal in engagement with said central wall portion so that said central wall portion is interposed between and in engagement with said outer heat insulating wall portion and said inner wall portion.
8. A high pressure container according to claim 7, in which said outer heat insulating wall portion is of ceramic material.
9. A high pressure container according to claim 7, in which said outer heat insulating wall portion is of tuff.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,911,608 5/1933 Davis et al 165-135 X 3,175,958 3/1965 Bougade 165-136 X 3,260,020 7/1966 Patin 220-13 X 3,301,320 1/1967 Huntington 165-136 X 2,777,295 1/1957 Bliss et al. 62-48 2,995,505 8/1961 Guild.
FOREIGN PATENTS 228,433 10/1959 Australia.
800,388 8/1958 Great Britain.
859,072 1/1961 Great Britain.
861,513 2/1961 Great Britain.
936,198 9/1963 Great Britain.
ROBERT A. OLEARY, Primary Examiner. ALBERT W. DAVIS, JR., Assistant Examiner.
U.S. Cl. X.R. 62-45; 165-136; 176-52, 87; 220-9, 13

Claims (1)

1. A HIGH PRESSURE CONTAINER, WHICH INCLUDES: AN OUTER SHELL OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE, AN INNER HEAT INSULATING SHELL ARRANGED IN RADIALLY SPACED RELATIONSHIP TO AND WITHIN SAID OUTER SHELL SO AS TO DEFINE THEREWITH A CHAMBER CLOSED IN ITSELF, SAID CHAMBER BEING FILLED WITH A LIQUID, COOLING MEANS EXTENDING INTO SAID LIQUID FILLED CHAMBER FOR COOLING THE LIQUID THEREIN, THE INSIDE WALL OF SAID INNER SHELL DEFINING A MAIN CHAMBER, AND MEANS COMMUNICATING WITH BOTH SAID INNER CHAMBER AND SAID LIQUID FILLED CHAMBER FOR EQUALIZING THE PRESSURE IN BOTH OF SAID CHAMBERS, WHEREBY SAID INNER SHELL DOES NOT HAVE TO ABSORB THE PRESSURE PREVAILING IN SAID MAIN CHAMBER AND SAID INNER SHELL NEED NOT BE OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE.
US392517A 1963-09-19 1964-08-27 High-pressure container Expired - Lifetime US3443631A (en)

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DEB73573A DE1185362B (en) 1963-09-19 1963-09-19 Container for high internal pressure, especially pressure vessel of a nuclear reactor

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DE (1) DE1185362B (en)
GB (1) GB1017365A (en)
LU (1) LU46931A1 (en)
NL (1) NL6410846A (en)

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US3647103A (en) * 1969-12-19 1972-03-07 Foster Wheeler Corp Multilayer pressure vessel
US3683574A (en) * 1969-08-09 1972-08-15 Hocktief Ag Fur Hoch Und Tiefb Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids
US3863410A (en) * 1971-12-23 1975-02-04 Siemens Ag Pressure-tight reactor tank
US3893508A (en) * 1971-07-30 1975-07-08 Reaktorbau Forschungs & Bau Pressure vessel
FR2311159A1 (en) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-10 Nederhorst Bouwmij SAFETY WALL FOR STORAGE TANK
US4092215A (en) * 1975-09-30 1978-05-30 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Rupture protection device for steam generators of substantially cylindrical shape, preferably of pressurized-water nuclear power plants
US4236573A (en) * 1977-11-15 1980-12-02 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh High-temperature gas exit from a pre-stressed pressure container
US4767593A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-08-30 Wedellsborg Bendt W Multiple shell pressure vessel
US4836443A (en) * 1986-05-24 1989-06-06 Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Temperature-dependent pressure release device for pressure vessels
US6193876B1 (en) * 1996-07-22 2001-02-27 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Hydrogenation method and reactor
EP1085243A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2001-03-21 Linnemann-Schnetzer GmbH Container for pressurized medium
US9943088B2 (en) 2011-11-08 2018-04-17 Carrier Corporation Heat exchanger and method of making thereof

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NL128708C (en) * 1965-05-07
DE2504996C2 (en) * 1974-02-07 1984-02-23 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, London Internal pressure vessel
DE2518357A1 (en) * 1975-04-25 1976-11-04 Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE CONCRETE VESSEL FOR A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
CH711984B1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2017-06-30 Tüv Süd Schweiz Ag High pressure capsule for pressure measurements and measuring device with a high pressure capsule.

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US3175958A (en) * 1962-05-30 1965-03-30 Soc Indatom Thermal barrier for nuclear reactor vessel
US3301320A (en) * 1964-08-07 1967-01-31 Pyrochem Corp Apparatus for containing hot metalattacking gases such as hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide under pressure whereby chemical and thermal stresses are separated from hoop stress
GB936198A (en) * 1965-04-14 1963-09-04 Alan James Harris An improved high-pressure vessel constructed of pre-stressed concrete

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683574A (en) * 1969-08-09 1972-08-15 Hocktief Ag Fur Hoch Und Tiefb Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids
US3647103A (en) * 1969-12-19 1972-03-07 Foster Wheeler Corp Multilayer pressure vessel
US3893508A (en) * 1971-07-30 1975-07-08 Reaktorbau Forschungs & Bau Pressure vessel
US3863410A (en) * 1971-12-23 1975-02-04 Siemens Ag Pressure-tight reactor tank
FR2311159A1 (en) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-10 Nederhorst Bouwmij SAFETY WALL FOR STORAGE TANK
US4092215A (en) * 1975-09-30 1978-05-30 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Rupture protection device for steam generators of substantially cylindrical shape, preferably of pressurized-water nuclear power plants
US4236573A (en) * 1977-11-15 1980-12-02 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh High-temperature gas exit from a pre-stressed pressure container
US4836443A (en) * 1986-05-24 1989-06-06 Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Temperature-dependent pressure release device for pressure vessels
US4767593A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-08-30 Wedellsborg Bendt W Multiple shell pressure vessel
US6193876B1 (en) * 1996-07-22 2001-02-27 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Hydrogenation method and reactor
EP1085243A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2001-03-21 Linnemann-Schnetzer GmbH Container for pressurized medium
US9943088B2 (en) 2011-11-08 2018-04-17 Carrier Corporation Heat exchanger and method of making thereof
US10785992B2 (en) 2011-11-08 2020-09-29 Taylor Commercial Foodservice, Llc Heat exchanger and method of making thereof
US11278040B2 (en) 2011-11-08 2022-03-22 Taylor Commercial Foodservice, Llc Heat exchanger and method of making thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE653224A (en) 1965-01-18
NL6410846A (en) 1965-03-22
GB1017365A (en) 1966-01-19
LU46931A1 (en) 1964-11-11
DE1185362B (en) 1965-01-14

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