Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
  • C11D1/8255—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• a water-soluble surface active detergents which have a low foaming tendency and good cleansing power, containing (A) a water-soluble surface-active ethylene oxide adduct having good cleansing power and a high foaming tendency and (B) a water-insoluble waterdispersible surface-active dialkylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct having a low-foaming tendency and relatively poor cleansing power, in an amount to reduce the foaming tendency of (A) without substantially adversely affecting the cleansing power of (A).
• This invention relates to a washing and cleansing composition having low foaming tendency and high detersive power.
• Detergents used for washing in modern washing machines are required to show in addition to good detersive power also a very low foaming tendency within the entire temperature range (20-100 C.) used in machine washing, since otherwise there will be the risk of overfoaming which may damage the washing machine. This latter property is of particular importance in connection with certain detergents at lower washing temperatures, i.e., at temperatures below 60 C., and when the laundry to be washed is only very slightly soiled. The foam proper does not contribute to the washing effect of the detergent either.
• the present invention relates to a low-foaming washing and cleansing composition which does not show the aforesaid disadvantages but produces very little foam within the entire temperature range used in machine washing at the same time as a highly satisfactory detersive power is obtained.
• the washing and cleansing composition according to the invention comprises as a surface-active component a water-soluble mixture of (A) a water-soluble surface-active ethylene oxide adduct of a polypropylene glycol having a minimum molecular weight of 1000, a primary or secondary straight or branched chain aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, or a mono-, dior tri-substituted alkylphenol having a total of 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion, in combination with 3,429,822 Patented Feb.
• the water-soluble surface-active ethylene oxide adduct comprised in the composition according to the invention may be an ethylene oxide adduct of a polypropylene glycol having a minimum molecular weight of 1000 and the general formula wherein a, b and 0 have such values that the ethylene oxide content in the adduct amounts to 20-90%.
• Suitable water-soluble surface-active ethylene oxide adducts which may be used in the composition according to the invention are adducts of ethylene oxide and primary or secondary, straight or branched chain aliphatic alcohols having a total of 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the molecular chain, for example ethylene oxide adducts of the fraction of fatty alcohols which is obtained at the hydrogenation of oils, such as coconut oil, or tallow, or by hydrolizing whale fat, or ethylene oxide adducts of dodecyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, or 0x0 alcohols, such as tridecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol and the like, or mixtures thereof.
• a suitable amount of ethylene oxide to be added to the fatty alcohol are 5-100 moles per mole of fatty alcohol.
• Suitable water-soluble surface-active ethylene oxide adducts are adducts of ethylene oxide and mono-, dior trisubstituted alkylphenols having a total of 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion, such as octylphenol, dioctylphenol or trioctyl phenol, nonylphenol, dinonylphenol, dodecylphenol, didodecylphenol, tributylphenol, methyldibutylphenoh.
• a suitable amount of ethylene oxide to be added to the alkylphenol are 7-100 moles per mole of alkylphenol.
• Examples of such products are the products sold under the names Triton X- (Rohm & Haas), Lissapol N (ICI), Igepal (Antara), Hostapal (Hoechst), LANCO (Berol).
• the water-insoluble but water-dipersible component is an ethylene oxide adduct having the general formula wherein R and R are straight or branched chain hydrocarbon substituents having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and n is a figure indicating the number of ethylene oxide units up to which the product is water-insoluble.
• a water-insoluble but water-dispersible product is in this connection to be understood such, that the product in question when being diluted with water of 18 C. to an 1% concentration shall result in a dispersion, i.e. not a clear solution but a turbid liquid.
• Example 1 75 parts by weight of a water-insoluble dinonylphenol ethylene oxide adduct containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide and the alkyl chains originating in propylene trimer f a d th b 5 were mixed with 25 parts by weight of a tallow fatty z i i 1 2 3: alcohol ethylene oxide adduct containing 30 moles of g a g??? 0 5 t ethylene oxide. The resulting mixture was water-soluble.
• cylinder is XO(cH2CH20)nH filled with 200 m1.
• detergent solution of the indicated wherein X designates a monoalkyl group having 8 to 24 temperature and concentration whereupon shaking is carbon atoms, a monoalkylaryl group having 8 to 16 effected by rotation causing the cylinder to make 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, a dialkylaryl group havrevolutions in 15 seconds.
• the foam level in the cylinder ing a total of 12 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl chains is read off immediately and after 5 minutes.
• the detersive power was determined in a atoms in the alkyl chains, and n designates the number TergO-Tometer, at 85 C. using an artificially soiled of ethylene oxide units up to which the product is watercotton fabric at a concentration of 2.5 g./l. and 300 p.p.rn. insoluble but water-dispersible. The addition of this third water hardness.
• the reflectance of the fabric before and componentCis particularly advantageous for the washing after the washing was determined in a refiectometer. at lower temperatures, such as between and C.
• E0 designates ethylene oxide
• the suitable amount of ethylene oxide to be added in and the figure preceding E0 is the number of moles of order to obtain a water-insoluble but water-dispersible ethylene oxide units added to the nonylphenol or tallow product varies from 2 to 25 moles and is to be determined fatty alcohol.
• waterinsoluble but water-dispersible ether adducts examples include nonylphenol+4 E0, didecylphenol+14 E0, tallow fatty alco 6 E etc.
• component C when component C is used in the compositions according to the present invention the amount of component A in relation to the total amount of components B and C should be from 1:9 to 1:1, preferably from 1:3 to 1:2.
• the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
• the alkylphenols indicated in the examples were prepared by reacting phenol with olefins using boron trifluoride as a catalyst.
• the addition of ethylene oxide was effected in Examples 2-6
• the foaming capacity and the detersive power were determined for detergents, the adduct mixture of which was composed of a water-insoluble dinonylphenol ethylene oxide adduct and a water-soluble ethylene oxide adduct in such an amount that this mixture became water-soluble.
• the results are a known manner in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. indicated in Table 2.
• Example 1 it appears from 3,429,822 5 6 Examples 2-6 that according to the invention a detergent is obtained having substantially reduced foaming capacity Examp 16S 11 and at the same time as the high detersive power of the watersoluble ethylene oxide adducts is maintained or improved.
• a water-insoluble dialkylphenol ethylene oxide adduct (DAF) with 14 moles of ethylene oxide and side chains TABLE 2 Adduct mixture Ex. Foam levellnmm., Increase No. Water-insoluble adduct Water-soluble adduct 75 C. in reflectence, Type Type Percent min. min. percent by wt 15 5 69. 7 2 DNF, Non lphenol plus 50 E0. 30 20 82. 8 o. 100 75 75.7 3 Nonylphenol plus 12 E0. 30 10 80.6 do. 100 80 10 81.4 4 ⁇ DNR 12 E Leuryl alcohol plus 15 150---. 25 10 82. 4 l ..d0 1 100 B5 10 81.1 Block polymer of 20% poly- 10 10 78. 3
• Example 7-10 In the same manner as in Example 1 the foaming capacity and detersive power were determined at 40 C. for detergents, the adduct mixture of which was composed of a water-insoluble dinonylphenol ethylene oxide adduct originating in a straight chain alpha-olefin mixture containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms was investigated with respect to foaming capaicty at C. and with respect to deter- O sive power at C. in the same manner as in Example 1.
• detergents composed according to the invention render the desired foam reduction even at low temperature, while maintaining or improving the washing effect.
• Percent C xiduct mixture 10 The use of an adduct mixture containing the three Na tripolyphosphate 35 components A, B and C mentioned above is illustrated by Nafcarbonate 15 20 the following examples in which the detergents used were Na su1phate 8 composed as follows:
• DNF dinonylphenol
• NF nonylphenol
• TFA ta1low fatty alcohol
• EO ethylene oxide unit
• Adduct mixture Increase in reflectance Ex. No. Water-insoluble Water-soluble Fom level in mm. in percent T P t T P 'r P t 6000' 40C 600 e ereen ype ereeu ype ereen W by wt. bywt. bywt. 0min. 5min. 0min. 5min. 25 NF plus 14 130...- 70 NF lus 10 E0 30 45 35 20 15 51.5 79.2 .do 40 NF plus 4 EO..-.- 30 o 30 16 10 15 10 52.3 81.6
• Example 19-25 show that the addition of the third component C substantially reduces the foaming capacity at the same time as the detersive power of the composition is maintained or improved.
• Example 25 shows a comparative test with a composition having a two-component adduct mixture and a composition having a three-component adduct mixture at low temperatures (40 and 60 C.). It appears from this example above all that at such a low temperature as 40 C. the immediate foam formation is reduced to Va by the addition of the third water insoluble but water-dispersible component C.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent having a low foaming tendency and good cleansing power consisting essentially of (A) a member selected from the group consisting of water-soluble surface-active ethylene oxide adducts of a polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of at least 1000, the ethylene oxide content in the adduct being within the range from about 20 to about 90%, primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols having from about eight to about twenty-four carbon atoms containing from about 4 to about 100 moles of ethylene oxide, and alkylphenols having from about eight to about twenty-four carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from one to three alkyl groups containing from about 7 to about 100 moles of ethylene oxide, in combination with (B) a water-insoluble water-dispersible surface-active dialkylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct having the formula cnlonzonn wherein a, b, and c are sufficiently large to provide an ethylene oxide content in the adduct within the range from about
• a detergent composition having low foaming tendency and good cleansing power consisting essentially of a water-soluble surface-active combination in accordance with claim 1 and water.
• a detergent composition in accordance with claim 1 containing, in addition, an inorganic builder.
• a detergent composition 111 accordance'withclaim"' 1 containing, in addition, sodium perborate as a bleaching agent.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 1 wherein (A) is a block polymer comprising 20% polypropylene glycol of molecular weight 1750 and 80% ethylene oxide and (B) is a dinonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 1 wherein (A) is a 3-methyl-4,6-dibutylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide and (B) is a dialkylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 14 moles of ethylene oxide and side chains originating in a straight chain alpha olefin mixture containing from eight to twelve carbon atoms.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 1 wherein (A) is a dodecyl-phenolethylene oxide adduct containing 13 moles of ethylene oxide and (B) is a dialkylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 14 moles of ethylene oxide and side chains originating in a straight alpha olefin mixture containing from eight to twelve carbon atoms.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 1 containing, in addition, (C) a waterinsoluble water-dispersible ethylene oxide ether adduct having the formula wherein X is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from about eight to about twenty-four carbon atoms, alkylphenyl groups having from about eight to about sixteen carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, dialkylphenyl groups having a total of from about twelve to about twenty-four carbon atoms in the alkyl chains, and trialkylphenyl groups having a total of from about eight to about twenty-four carbon atoms in the alkyl chains, and n is a number within the range from about two to about twenty-five sutficient to provide water-insolubility and water-dispersibility.
• a water-soluble surfaceactive detergent in accordance with claim 12 wherein (A) is a tallow fatty alcoholethylene oxide adduct containing 50 moles of ethylene oxide, (B) is a dinonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 14 moles of ethylene oxide and (C) is a nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 12 wherein (A) is a dinonylphenolethylene oxide adduct containing 21 moles of ethylene oxide, (B) is a dinonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 14 moles of ethylene oxide and (C) is a nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 12 wherein (A) is a tallow fatty alcoholethylene oxide adduct containing 50 moles of ethylene oxide. (B) is a dinonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide and (C) is a dodecylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 14 moles of ethylene oxide.
• a water-solublesurface-active detergent in accordance with claim 12 wherein (A) is a fatty alcohol containing from about twelve to about eighteen carbon atomsethylene oxide adduct containing 7 moles of ethylene oxide, (B) is a dinonyl phenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide and (C) is a tallow fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 6 moles of ethylene oxide.
• a water-soluble surface-active detergent in accordance with claim 12 wherein (A) is a nonylphenolethylene oxide adduct containing 10 moles of ethylene oxide, (B) is a dinonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 14 moles of ethylene oxide and (C) is a nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 4 moles of ethylene oxide.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 0
  • CA CA803475A patent/CA803475A/en not_active Expired
• 1965
  • 1965-10-07 AT AT909365A patent/AT284998B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1965-10-07 BE BE670618D patent/BE670618A/xx unknown
  • 1965-10-07 DE DE19651467638 patent/DE1467638A1/de active Pending
  • 1965-10-08 NO NO160007A patent/NO121911B/no unknown
  • 1965-10-08 NL NL6513093A patent/NL6513093A/xx unknown
  • 1965-10-08 GB GB42845/65A patent/GB1118297A/en not_active Expired
  • 1965-10-08 FI FI652392A patent/FI45060C/fi active
  • 1965-10-08 DK DK517165AA patent/DK130687B/da unknown
  • 1965-10-08 CH CH1388665A patent/CH479696A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1965-10-11 US US494900A patent/US3429822A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (5)

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