US3419013A - Smoking article - Google Patents

Smoking article Download PDF

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Publication number
US3419013A
US3419013A US661282A US66128267A US3419013A US 3419013 A US3419013 A US 3419013A US 661282 A US661282 A US 661282A US 66128267 A US66128267 A US 66128267A US 3419013 A US3419013 A US 3419013A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tobacco
cigarette
glass fiber
smoking article
shreds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US661282A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edward J Calhoun
Karoly G Pinter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KAROLY G PINTER
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US661282A priority Critical patent/US3419013A/en
Priority to DE1803314A priority patent/DE1803314C3/de
Priority to GB5073368A priority patent/GB1251034A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3419013A publication Critical patent/US3419013A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
    • A24B15/243—Nicotine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/002—Cigars; Cigarettes with additives, e.g. for flavouring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A24D3/166—Silicic acid or silicates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cigarette or similar smoking article having a reduced tar and nicotine content and, more particularly, such a cigarette or similar smoking article wherein a portion of the tobacco is replaced by glass fiber shreds. Additionally, the present invention relates to the employment of a mineral paper casing or wrapper for a cigarette or similar smoking article.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention comprises a cigarette or similar smoking article wherein the fiberglass paper is employed as a replacement for the wood-pulp derived paper conventionally employed as the Wrapper or casing for a cigarette or similar smoking article.
  • Still a further object of the present invention is to provide a novel cigarette or similar smoking article wherein the paper wrapper has been replaced by a glass fiber casing.
  • the principal embodiment of the present invention comprises the replacement of a portion of the tobacco charge of a cigarette or similar smoking article with glass fiber shreds.
  • glass fiber shreds employed as an additive or replacement for the tobacco charge of a cigarette or similar smoking article neither add a taste of their own nor detract from the natural flavor of the burning tobacco. This is due to the fact that such glass fiber shreds have no intrinsic combustible organic materials associated with them.
  • the glass fiber shreds employed in the tobacco charge of the present invention aid in the removal of the tars and nicotines because of an electrostatic trapping of the uncombusted solid particles during the smoking process.
  • Such an electrostatic trapping apparently takes place between oppositely charged, heat agitated, rapidly moving molecules, mostly hydrocarbon polycyclics, and the non-flammable glass fiber sheds dispersed throughout the tobacco charge.
  • the glass fiber sheds of the present invention as an additive or replacement of a portion of the tobacco charge in a cigarette or similar smoking article, it is possible to reduce the tars and nicotines in an amount greater than that which would be ex pected by the mere fact that some of the tobacco has been replaced with a non-combustible material.
  • the fiberglass shreds combine with the smoke particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of the tobacco during pyrolosis. Additionally, the organic particles are oxidized as the burning point reaches the glass fiber shreds, thus effectively completing the combustion of organic elements to the gaseous carbon dioxide. Because of the electro static charge associated with the glass fibers in the tobacco charge, any uncombusted materials come down with the ash together with the glass fiber shreds. Therefore, such uncombusted materials as well as the glass fiber shreds are withdrawn from the efiiuent smoke stream before reaching the smokers upper respiratory tract. Accordingly, the glass fibers which are present within the tobacco charge do not pass into the smokers upper respiratory tract with the gaseous efiluent but rather, form a portion of the ash which is eliminated upon smoking.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a smoking article in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 22 of FIGURE 1 showing one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGURE 3 is a further cross-sectional view taken along line 22 of FIGURE 1 showing a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a graphical illustration of the improvement realized by the present invention.
  • FIGURE 1 represents a typical cigarette 1. While a cigarette is illustrated, it should be clear that the present invention is applicable to cigarettes and similar smoking articles such as cigars, pipe charges, etc.
  • a cigarette comprising a wrapper or casing 3, a tobacco charge 5, and a filter 9.
  • the tobacco 5 of the cigarette can be any conventionally employed tobacco material now utilized in smoking articles.
  • the filter 9 can comprise any suitable filtering material 11 which is now conventionally employed as a filtering medium for cigarettes, pipes, etc.
  • cellulosic materials as well as inorganic materials such as carbon, clays, and organic polymeric materials such as polyurethane etc.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a filtered cigarette, it should be clear that the present invention is also applicable to non-filtered smoking articles.
  • glass fiber shreds 7 are incorporated within the tobacco charge 5 as an additive to or a replacement for a portion of the tobacco charge.
  • the glass fiber shreds 7, which are incorporated in the tobacco charge, can be of any practical size.
  • the glass fiber shreds can vary from a size which approximate the size of the toacco shreds themselves or such glass fiber shreds can be made much smaller. It is noted, however, that the glass fiber shreds should not be pulverized so that they are withdrawn with the effluent smoke into the upper respiratory tract of the smoker.
  • the glass fiber shreds come down with the ash of the cigarette when the cigarette is smoked and thus, none of the glass fiber shreds reaches the upper respiratory tract of the smoker.
  • the glass fiber shreds 7, which are used as a replacement of a portion of the tobacco charge 5, are produced from glass microfibers diameters which vary between about 0.005 millimeter and 0.5 millimeter although smaller or larger materials can be advantageously employed.
  • the glass fiber shreds are generally formed by pressing the fiber materials into sheets or cylinders of any desired shape without the use of an organic binding agent with subsequent cutting of the sheets, etc., to produce the individual fiber shreds of the desired size.
  • the glass fiber shreds 7 are generally employed as a replacement of up to about 50% of the tobacco charge 5 although a greater amount could be used if desired for a particular purpose. It has been found that by the employment of up to about 50% of the tobaco charge, the pleasant taste and aroma of tobacco still remains while the glass fiber shreds tend to eliminate the tars and nicotines from the effluent smoke.
  • the glass fiber shreds 7 constitute a replacement of from about 10% to about 25% of the tobacco charge 5.
  • the glass fiber shreds 7 While the employment of the glass fiber shreds 7 as a partial replacement of the tobacco charge 5 can be utilized both with a filtered or non-filtered cigarette or similar smoking article, it has been found particularly suitable to combine the glass fiber shreds in the tobacco charge of the present invention with the glass matrix filtering medium disclosed in our co-pending application, Ser. No. 520,892.
  • the materials employed in the smoke filters of US. patent application Ser. No. 520,892 are glass micro-fiber sheets developed and currently employed for chromatographic separation of organic materials. Such materials are soft and pliable and have a feel similar to velvet.
  • the individual fibers of the sheets are commercially produced in diameters from about 0.005 millimeter to about 0.5 millimeter. These individual glass fibers are either rolled, woven, laminated or compressed into sheets, cylinders or any other desired shape for use as the filtering medium for tobacco smoke and the like.
  • the filtering elements are so disposed within the cigarette or cigar or pipe, or cigarette holders, etc., so that the tobacco smoke passes through the filtering element and the objectionable constituents are removed therefrom.
  • the thickness of the individual glass fibers usually varies from diameters of about 0.005 millimeter to about 0.5 millimeter although somewhat smaller or larger diameter materials can be effectively employed to meet varying requirements.
  • novel filtering elements disclosed in US. patent application Ser. No. 520,892 can be prepared in accordance with methods known in the art. It is thus within the teachings of that application to not only employ the aforementioned materials alone, but also in combination with other materials and proven tobacco filtering materials. This is true whether the materials are to be employed as permanently attached filters in cigarettes Wherein the glass fiber matrix is in fixed relationship to the tobacco charge as Well as when the filter is to be incorporated in pipes, or in cigarette or cigar holders wherein the filters are disposable in nature.
  • glass fiber discs are stamped out in thicknesses of approximately 1.0-1.5 mm., i.e., of sufficient porosity to allow the passage of smoke therethrough. From 1 to 6 of these discs can be employed as the sole filtering medium adjacent to the burnable tobacco charge of a cigarette by encasing them in a tube made of paper, metal, cork, or plastic, etc. Alternatively, a lesser number of such discs can be used in conjunction with conventional filtering media, e.g., cellulosic filters.
  • conventional filtering media e.g., cellulosic filters.
  • glass fiber matrix discs can be placed either between the cellulosic filter and the burnable tobacco charge, or the cellulosic filter and mouth of the smoker in order to produce satisfactory filtering elements, Additionally, glass filter discs can be inserted between commercial filtering elements.
  • FIGURE 3 A further embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGURE 3.
  • a cigarette is shown having a tobacco charge 5, a filter 9 and a filter medium 11, it being understood of course that such cigarette or similar smoking article can be employed both in the filtered or non-filtered form.
  • the conventional cellulosic wrapper or casing is replaced by a mineral paper 13, preferably made from a glass fiber sheeting.
  • a mineral paper 13 preferably made from a glass fiber sheeting.
  • the combustion of the cigarette paper is a contributing factor towards the total undesirable products in the efiluent smoke from the burning of the cigarette or other similar smoking article. This can be readily perceived by a burning of the twisted cigarette paper after removing of the tobacco and observing the acrid smelling residue of the burning of such paper.
  • the undesirable products associated with the combustion of the conventional paper are eliminated.
  • the glass fiber paper 13 is not flammable, such paper will come down with the cigarette ash just as will the interspersed fiberglass shreds or particles in a tobacco charge.
  • the glass fiber paper will add no taste of its own during the combustion of the cigarette or similar smoking article.
  • the properties of combining electrostatically as described for the interspersed fiberglass particles will also be true for the fiberglass paper casing or wrapper which is employed in the cigarette or similar smoking article.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates the employment of a mineral paper wrapper or casing in a conventional cigarette having a tobacco charge
  • this embodiment of the present invention can be combined with that embodiment previously described so that the cigarette or similar smoking article can have both the wrapper or casing made from a glass fiber material and also have a portion of the tobacco charge replaced by glass fibers.
  • such a cigarette or similar smoking article will have the beneficial effects associated with both embodiments of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGURE 3 can advantageously be employed in conjunction with the glass matrix discs as filter elements as set forth in co-pending application, Ser. No. 520,892.
  • a particularly suitable cigarette or similar smoking article would combine either one or both of the embodiments of the present invention in combination with that invention disclosed in co-pending application, Ser. No. No. 520,892.
  • co-pending application, Ser. No. 520,892 shows the removal of 36%, 72% and 97% far by the employment of 2, 4 and 6 filter discs made from a glass fiber matrix. Even with the employment of up to 6 filter discs, the glass fiber matrix allows for a sufficient draw so that a pleasant taste and aroma remains.
  • FIGURE 4 presents in graphical form the improved reduction in tar associated with the incorporation of glass fiber shreds into the tobacco charge.
  • the tar content that would be expected merely because a portion of the tobacco had been replaced by a non-combustible material is shown as a dotted line in the graph of FIGURE 4, while the found tar content produced in accordance with the present invention is shown as a solid line.
  • the employment of the glass fiber shreds in accordance with the present invention allows for the reduction of tars and nicotines in an amount greater than that which would be expected by the mere replacement of a portion of the tobacco charge with a non-combustible material. This is certainly an unexpected and unobvious result associated with the present invention.
  • Cigarette tobacco of conventional sized shreds was mixed with glass fiber paper cut to similar shapes and sizes. Variable mixtures of these two substances were prepared containing 0-5101520-2530-35 percent by weight of the glass fiber additive. Conventional cellulose encasing were used to make cigarettes of these mixtures. Groups of 8 cigarettes of each mixture were smoked in a smoking machine, and the tar was trapped in two different solvent systems; the first was chloroform-methanol 2:1 solution, and the second isopropyl ether-ethanol 2:1 solutions. All the solvents were combined at the end of the experiment and were evaporated under nitrogen gas, and the amount of tar weighed on a microbalance.
  • the tobacco-containing glass fiber additive gave a tar content of 12.0 mgm. per cigarette.
  • the theoretical tar content of mixtures containing glass fiber shreds was calculated as 12.0 mgm. minus the percent weight of the 7 8 fiber glass additive in the mixture.
  • the following tar proto about 50% by Weight of shreds of a velvet-like duction was obtained, as shown in Table I. sheet of glass micro-fibers, said shreds being randomly TABLE I arranged within said tobacco charge so as to allow free passage of tobacco smoke therethrough while removing Tar 5 some of the objectionable material in said tobacco smoke.
  • Examplez 8 The tobacco smoking articles of claim 7 wherein T b were d f fib glass filte papers f the said matrix of a velvet-like sheet of glass micro-fibers purpose of encasing smoking tobacco and a conventional of said filter element is in the form of discs. tobacco cigarette charge was encased by such paper. The cigarettes were made to weigh the same as those with References Cited conventional cellulose paper casings, i.e., 0.8 gram. Eight UNITED STATES PATENTS cigarettes from each kind were compared by the use of a smoking machine. Tar was trapped and weighed in the g z g same manner as described in Example 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
US661282A 1967-08-17 1967-08-17 Smoking article Expired - Lifetime US3419013A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US661282A US3419013A (en) 1967-08-17 1967-08-17 Smoking article
DE1803314A DE1803314C3 (de) 1967-08-17 1968-10-16 Rauchware wie Zigarette oder der gleichen
GB5073368A GB1251034A (de) 1967-08-17 1968-10-25

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US661282A US3419013A (en) 1967-08-17 1967-08-17 Smoking article

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US3419013A true US3419013A (en) 1968-12-31

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US661282A Expired - Lifetime US3419013A (en) 1967-08-17 1967-08-17 Smoking article

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DE (1) DE1803314C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1251034A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4938238A (en) * 1985-08-26 1990-07-03 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article with improved wrapper
US5027836A (en) * 1984-12-21 1991-07-02 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Insulated smoking article
EP0482568A1 (de) * 1990-10-23 1992-04-29 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Zigarette
US20050139223A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-06-30 Squires Stephen B. Cigarette filter incorporating nanofibers
CN101731741B (zh) * 2008-11-11 2013-02-13 安徽中烟工业公司 一种改善白毛烟吸味质量的处理料
CN101731740B (zh) * 2008-11-11 2013-02-13 安徽中烟工业公司 一种改善毛烟吸味质量的处理料

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2307088A (en) * 1939-03-10 1943-01-05 Whiteley Edward Oldroyd Cigarette
US2327991A (en) * 1938-04-28 1943-08-31 Gilbert A Betts Cigar and cigarette
GB863398A (en) * 1959-03-31 1961-03-22 William Robert Lamm Cigarette wrappers
US2999775A (en) * 1957-05-21 1961-09-12 Mortimer M Marks Cigarette filler composition
US3068873A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-12-18 Celanese Corp Filters

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2327991A (en) * 1938-04-28 1943-08-31 Gilbert A Betts Cigar and cigarette
US2307088A (en) * 1939-03-10 1943-01-05 Whiteley Edward Oldroyd Cigarette
US2999775A (en) * 1957-05-21 1961-09-12 Mortimer M Marks Cigarette filler composition
US3068873A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-12-18 Celanese Corp Filters
GB863398A (en) * 1959-03-31 1961-03-22 William Robert Lamm Cigarette wrappers

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5027836A (en) * 1984-12-21 1991-07-02 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Insulated smoking article
US4938238A (en) * 1985-08-26 1990-07-03 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article with improved wrapper
EP0482568A1 (de) * 1990-10-23 1992-04-29 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Zigarette
US20050139223A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-06-30 Squires Stephen B. Cigarette filter incorporating nanofibers
CN101731741B (zh) * 2008-11-11 2013-02-13 安徽中烟工业公司 一种改善白毛烟吸味质量的处理料
CN101731740B (zh) * 2008-11-11 2013-02-13 安徽中烟工业公司 一种改善毛烟吸味质量的处理料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1803314B2 (de) 1973-03-01
GB1251034A (de) 1971-10-27
DE1803314A1 (de) 1970-06-18
DE1803314C3 (de) 1973-09-20

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