US3418243A - Art of cleaning carpets - Google Patents
Art of cleaning carpets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3418243A US3418243A US423345A US42334565A US3418243A US 3418243 A US3418243 A US 3418243A US 423345 A US423345 A US 423345A US 42334565 A US42334565 A US 42334565A US 3418243 A US3418243 A US 3418243A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carpet
- composition
- water
- solvent
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 glycol ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- NECRQCBKTGZNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylhex-1-yn-3-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(O)C#C NECRQCBKTGZNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000286 fullers earth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108700004121 sarkosyl Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940045885 sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical class OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPXGKRUSMCVZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)decanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO BPXGKRUSMCVZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKDZEPBJPGSFHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)tetradecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO SKDZEPBJPGSFHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940071089 sarcosinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical compound C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229950005425 sodium myristyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0031—Carpet, upholstery, fur or leather cleansers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0034—Fixed on a solid conventional detergent ingredient
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
- D06L1/01—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using only solid or pasty agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dry cleaning composition for carpets, composed of a finely divided inert carrier, a volatile organic solvent, a water soluble surfactant and water.
- the formulation is in the form of a powder which is only slightly moist to the touch but is essentially free flowing.
- the inert carrier When applied to the carpet, the inert carrier functions as a fiber scouring medium, while the solvent attacks greases and oils and the aqueous phase serves to dissolve water soluble soil. Upon evaporation of the solvent and water, the soiled particles are adsorbed on the surface of the carrier and the resulting residue can be readily removed from the carpet by sweeping or vacuuming.
- This invention relates to a composition for cleaning carpets, and more particularly to a dry cleaning composition for cleaning carpets in situ.
- a common method of cleaning carpets in situ is to apply a foamed aqueous detergent solution to the carpet.
- the detergent foam is brushed into the carpet to loosen the soil and the soil particles are encapsulated in the foam bubbles.
- a dry, fluffy residue remains which contains the soil. The residue can be readily removed from the carpeting by sweeping or vacuuming.
- the foamed detergent solution substantially reduces the amount of water applied to a carpet, there are situations where even this amount of water is undesirable.
- the drying time should be maintained at a minimum to permit resumption of traffic in the shortest possible time.
- the present invention is directed to a dry cleaning composition for carpets, which is composed primarily of an inert carrier, a volatile organic solvent, a Water soluble surfactant and Water.
- the formulation is in the form of a powder, or a finely divided solid material, which is only slightly moist to the touch but is essentially free flowing.
- the inert carrier functions as a fiber scouring medium, while the solvent attacks greases and oils and the aqueous phase serves to dissolve water soluble soil.
- the surfactant acts as a partial emulsifier for the solvent, as well as reducing the surface tension of the water phase plus providing detergent action.
- the soil particles Upon evaporation of the solvent and the water, the soil particles are adsorbed on the surface of the carrier particles and the resulting residue can be readily removed from the carpet by sweeping or vacuuming.
- the dry cleaning formulation of the invention has both an organic solvent phase and an aqueous phase which cooperate to attack and remove various types of soil.
- the composition itself is essentially dry in nature and contains a minimum amount of water, there is less tendency to damage the overall construction than when using a liquid detergent.
- the cleaning formulation is substantially dry, the in place drying time for the formulation and the carpet is ICC minimized. After removal of the residue, the carpet can be immediately Walked upon. This quality is particularly advantageous for commercial establishments, such as hotels, theaters, oflice buildings and the like.
- the cleaning composition is also useful in touch-up cleaning, for the limited carpet area to be cleaned can be feathered in with the uncleaned portion so that the cleaned area is virtually unnoticeable. Touch-up cleaning is very difficult when using a liquid or foam detergent, for the area cleaned tends to show an obvious line of demarcation.
- the cleaning composition of the invention has the following general formula in weight percent and based on active ingredients:
- the carrier to be used in the composition is an inert, absorbent material having a large surface area per unit volume and a low bulk density. It is important that the carrier have a white or light color, for a light color pro vides distinct advantages when using the composition.
- a White or light colored material has a certain initial appeal to the user and secondly, as most carpeting is non-white, a whitish material when sprinkled on the carpeting can be readily seen so that the area on which the material has been distributed is readily visible. Conversely, efiiciency of subsequent removal from the carpet is also readily determined.
- the whitish color will change to dark gray, indicating to the user that the material is picking up and adsorbing the soil from the "carpet.
- the carrier be a lightweight material having a low bulk density generally in the range of 7.5 to 20 lbs. per cu. ft. in a loose or non-compacted state.
- a greater bulk density Will mean that the particles are relatively dense and will not have suflicient capacity to adsorb the soil.
- the particle size of the carrier is also important because the composition is used not only for cleaning, but has to be retrieved or removed after the cleaning operation. It has been found that the particle size should be such that only 1% of the particles have a size smaller than 2 microns and not more than 15% of the particles have a size greater than 40 microns. A mesh particle size falling within these limits provides a material that can be readily distributed on the carpet and yet can be easily retrieved from the carpet by vacuuming. If the particle size is too small and the carrier contains a substantial proportion of fines, dusting will be a problem when the carrier is applied to the carpet. If the particle size of the carrier falls above the above-mentioned limits the material is more diflicult to apply and spread over the carpet and the surface area is decreased so that the overall absorptive characteristics are reduced.
- diatomaceous earth ground corncob, ground cork, talc, sawdust, fullers earth and the like.
- Diatomaceous earth in particular provides a very excellent carrier, for it has a low bulk density, a white or whitish color and the desired particle size.
- the solvent to be used in the composition can be any conventional volatile solvent which is commonly used for oils and greases.
- the solvent should be a non-oily type and 100% volatile at room temperature so that it will be completely eliminated from the carpet by evaporation.
- the solvent should be reasonably free from flash and fire hazard, non-toxic and non-harmful to humans and to the materials of the carpet fabric or backing construction.
- the volatility of the solvent is important to the overall composition. The volatility must be such that the solvent will remain in place during cleaning of the carpet to dissolve the greases and oils, and yet will volatize completely in a period of 15 minutes to one hour. To provide the desired characteristics, the solvent generally should have an initial boiling point in the range of 300 to 340 F., a distillation end point in the range of 380 to 470 F. and a flash point above 100 F.
- solvents which can be used are petroleum distillate and petroleum distillate blends, chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as l,l,1-trichlorethane, perchlorethylene, glycol ethers, such as ethylene glycol moxo-butyl ether, and the like.
- the solvent phase can include blends of each class as well as a blend within a class.
- the surfactant is a water soluble material which serves to reduce the surface tension of the water and also acts to a degree as an emulsifier for the solvent. While the surfactant itself does not provide a good emulsion, it does sufficiently emulisfy the solvent so that there is no distinct separation of the phases when the composition is applied. It is important that the emulsifier surfactant be chosen with care since certain classes of emulsifiers provide a tacky or sticky residue which cannot be removed by evaporation and cause the carpet to be readily resoiled.
- the surfactant should dry to a particulate or crystalline residue which can be easily retrieved by vacuuming; should be non-tacky in order not to present a resoil potential to the carpeting; and should have an effective detergency action.
- the surfactants which can be applied are alkali metal alkyl sulfates, designated by the formula ROSO X where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having a carbon range of to 18, and including both saturated and unsaturated forms, and X is an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of sodium potassium, lithium and the like.
- a specific example is sodium lauryl sulfate.
- alkali metal alkylol sarcosinates which have the general formula RCON(CH )CH COOX where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a carbon content of 12 to 18 and X is a hydrogen atom or a water soluble salt forming cation such as sodium, potassium, lithium and the like.
- Acetylenic glycols such as those disclosed in US. Patent 2,997,447, can also be used as the surfactant.
- detergents or surfactants which can be employed are the water soluble higher alkyl aryl sulfonates, particularly those having about 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. It is preferred to use the higher alkyl benzene sulfonate detergent for optimum effects, though other similar detergents having a mononuclear aryl nucleus, such as toluene, xylene, or phenol, may be used also.
- the higher alkyl substituent on the aromatic nucleus may be branched or straight-chained in structure, examples of such groups being nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, and pentadecyl groups derived from polymers of lower mono-olefins, decycl, keryl, and the like.
- the sulfate and sulfonate detergents are used in the form of their water soluble salts, such as the alkali metal and nitrogen-containing, e.g. lower alkylolamine salts.
- alkali metal and nitrogen-containing e.g. lower alkylolamine salts.
- examples are the sodium, potassium, ammonium, isopropanolamine, monoand tri-ethanolamine salts of said higher alkyl benzene sulfonate, higher alkyl sulfate and the like.
- non-ionic detersive materials are the higher fatty acid alkanolamides, such as the monoethanolamides, diethanolamides and isopropanolamides wherein the acyl radical has about 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Examples are coconut (or equivalent lauric), capric and myristic diethanolamide, monoethanolamide and isopropanolamide.
- the liquid phase including the water, solvent and surfactant, comprises from 25% to 50% of the composition. It has been found that if the liquid concentration is increased above 50%, the material will be mushy and will be more dificult to handle and apply. Conversely, if the Water content decreases below 25% the material is too dry and powdery and dusting will be a problem accompanied by less effective cleaning properties.
- a water emulsion of dimethyl silicone oils canbe added to the composition as a lubricant to reduce the internal cohesion between the particles of the carrier and while permitting the particles to be spread more easily over the carpet.
- lubricant small amounts, up to 1%, of conventional optical brighteners, preservatives, germicides, insecticides, and the like, can be added to the composition without materially affecting the overall properties or characteristics of the composition.
- the formulation is generally prepared by blending the surfactants, the water, and the solvent into a liquid emulsion and the emulsion is then added to the inert carrier and mixed therein to provide the completed product.
- the dry formulation is manually distributed over the area of the carpet to be cleaned and is generally worked or brushed into the carpet by a suitable applicator or other device.
- the solvent serves to dissolve oils and greases while the water phase will dissolve water soluble soils.
- the mechanical brushing action will lift inert soil particles such as metal oxides, clay and carbon dust and these materials along with the residue from the evaporation of the solvent and the water are absorbed on the surface of the carrier particles.
- the solvent and water After a period of about 15 minutes to one hour, depending on the relative humidity, ambient temperatures, the condition of the carpet and other factors, the solvent and water have completely evaporated, leaving the dry carrier particles.
- the carrier particles are then removed from the carpet either by vacuuming or by sweeping.
- the formulation of the invention provides physical properties which are adapted specifically for cleaning carpets in situ.
- the dry formulation contains both an organic solvent phase and a water phase which will attack and remove both oils and greases and water soluble soils.
- the powdery carrier provides a scouring action for the carpet nap and also serves to absorb the soils after evaporation of the solvent and the water phase.
- the specific formulation of the invention also provides the necessary lubricity for the composition so that it can be readily applied to the carpet and brushed over the surface.
- the material can be readily retrieved from the carpet after evaporation of the solvent and water by vacuuming with a minimum of atmospheric dusting.
- This formulation was prepared by initially mixing the petroleum distillate, the sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Surfynol 61, the silicone emulsion, the Dowcide A and water to provide an emulsion, and the emulsion was subsequently added to the diatomaceous earth and mixed therein to provide the finished composition.
- a dry cleaning composition was prepared having the following composition in weight percent:
- Example No. 1 The above composition was prepared in a manner similar to that of Example No. 1.
- a composition was prepared which was similar to Example No. 2 except that fullers earth was substituted for the diatomaceous earth and dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid was substituted for the sodium myristyl sulfate.
- a composition for cleaning carpets in situ consisting essentially by weight of 50 to 75% of diatomaceous earth, 4 to 15% of a volatile hydrocarbon solvent capable of dissolving greases and oils and having an initial boiling point in the range of 300 to 340 F., a distillation point in the range of 380 to 470 F., and a flash point above 100 F., 0.25 to of a water soluble surfactant characterized by the ability to dry to a fluify residue, and 10 to 40% water.
- composition of claim 1 wherein said diatomaceous earth has a bulk density in the non-compacted state in the range of 7.5 to 20 pounds per cubic foot and has a particle size such that not more than 1% has a size smaller than 2 microns and not more than 15% has a size greater than 40 microns.
- said water soluble surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an a kali metal alkyl sulphate where the alkyl group contains from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkali metal alkylol sarcosinate where the alkylol group contains from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, an acetylenic glycol, an alkyl aryl sulfonate where the alkyl group contains from 8 to 15 carbon atoms, a fatty acid alkanolamide where the acyl radical has from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
- a composition for cleaning carpets in situ consisting essentially of a solid phase and a liquid phase, said solid phase consisting essentially of diatomaceous earth having a bulk density .in the non-compacted state of 7.5 to 20 pounds per cubic foot, and said liquid phase being mixed with said solid phase and consisting of from 25 to by weight of the mixture, said liquid phase consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon solvent capable of completely evaporating at room temperature in a period of 5 minutes to 1 hour when the composition is applied to a carpet, water, and a water soluble surfactant dissolved in said water and capable of detergent action and characterized by the ability to dry to .a fiuffy residue.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA786292A CA786292A (en) | 1965-01-04 | Art of cleaning carpets | |
US423345A US3418243A (en) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-01-04 | Art of cleaning carpets |
GB23350/65A GB1066001A (en) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-06-01 | Improvements in the art of cleaning carpets |
DE19651519045 DE1519045A1 (de) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-07-10 | Reinigungsmasse fuer Teppiche |
LU49042A LU49042A1 (en:Method) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-07-12 | |
NL6509963A NL6509963A (en:Method) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-07-30 | |
BE668163D BE668163A (en:Method) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-08-11 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US423345A US3418243A (en) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-01-04 | Art of cleaning carpets |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3418243A true US3418243A (en) | 1968-12-24 |
Family
ID=23678550
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US423345A Expired - Lifetime US3418243A (en) | 1965-01-04 | 1965-01-04 | Art of cleaning carpets |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3418243A (en:Method) |
BE (1) | BE668163A (en:Method) |
CA (1) | CA786292A (en:Method) |
DE (1) | DE1519045A1 (en:Method) |
GB (1) | GB1066001A (en:Method) |
LU (1) | LU49042A1 (en:Method) |
NL (1) | NL6509963A (en:Method) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2401988A1 (fr) * | 1977-09-02 | 1979-03-30 | Airwick Ag | Composition pulverulente pour l'entretien des tapis |
DE2948612A1 (de) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-06-19 | Airwick Ag | Pulverfoermiges nicht-toxisches reinigungsmittel fuer grossflaechige innenausstattungstextilien |
US4395347A (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1983-07-26 | Airwick Industries, Inc. | Powdered carpet cleaner containing ether alcohol solvents |
US4483716A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-11-20 | The Franklin Institute | Poultice method for extracting hazardous spills |
US4493781A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1985-01-15 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Powdered cleansing composition |
US4552692A (en) * | 1982-01-08 | 1985-11-12 | Gillespie Thomas W | Concentrated composition for cleaning rugs and carpets |
DE3430611A1 (de) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-02-20 | Werner & Mertz Gmbh, 6500 Mainz | Mittel zur abtoetung von hausstaubmilben und dessen verwendung |
US4648882A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1987-03-10 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Powdery carpet cleaning preparation containing zeolite granulate |
US4659494A (en) * | 1984-10-13 | 1987-04-21 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Carpet cleaning composition contains a cellulose powder from a hardwood source |
US4802997A (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1989-02-07 | Reckitt & Colman Products Limited | Method for the treatment of textile surfaces and compositions for use therein |
US4873000A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-10-10 | Sterling Drug Inc. | Carpet freshening and deodorizing composition |
WO2001001778A1 (de) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur verbesserung der milbenentfernung durch staubsaugen |
WO2001039598A3 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-11-08 | Medin Mudr Okic | Preparation for concentration reduction of allergens |
WO2002062937A1 (de) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-15 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Wasch- und reinigungsmittel umfassend feine mikropartikel mit reinigungsmittelbestandteilen |
US20050183206A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-25 | Brown Steven E. | Compositions and methods for cleaning textile substrates |
US20050183207A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-25 | Chan Marie S. | Compositions and methods for cleaning textile substrates |
EP1712612A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-18 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Method for treating a laundry item |
US20100172947A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2010-07-08 | Solvay Sa | Pediculicidal Process And Composition |
US20100249011A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Moore Patrick D | powder cleaning composition |
US20210261888A1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-08-26 | Aguiar Ag Group, Inc. | Diatomaceous earth cleaning system and method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2364608A (en) * | 1943-05-13 | 1944-12-12 | Benjamin Hulsh | Cleaning compositions for rugs, upholstery, furs, and the like |
US2442024A (en) * | 1948-05-25 | Cleaning and polishing composition | ||
US3240713A (en) * | 1962-08-02 | 1966-03-15 | Benjamin M Hulsh | Wood flour rug cleaning composition |
-
0
- CA CA786292A patent/CA786292A/en not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-01-04 US US423345A patent/US3418243A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1965-06-01 GB GB23350/65A patent/GB1066001A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-07-10 DE DE19651519045 patent/DE1519045A1/de active Pending
- 1965-07-12 LU LU49042A patent/LU49042A1/xx unknown
- 1965-07-30 NL NL6509963A patent/NL6509963A/xx unknown
- 1965-08-11 BE BE668163D patent/BE668163A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2442024A (en) * | 1948-05-25 | Cleaning and polishing composition | ||
US2364608A (en) * | 1943-05-13 | 1944-12-12 | Benjamin Hulsh | Cleaning compositions for rugs, upholstery, furs, and the like |
US3240713A (en) * | 1962-08-02 | 1966-03-15 | Benjamin M Hulsh | Wood flour rug cleaning composition |
Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2401988A1 (fr) * | 1977-09-02 | 1979-03-30 | Airwick Ag | Composition pulverulente pour l'entretien des tapis |
US4161449A (en) * | 1977-09-02 | 1979-07-17 | Airwick Industries, Inc. | Powdered carpet composition |
DE2948612A1 (de) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-06-19 | Airwick Ag | Pulverfoermiges nicht-toxisches reinigungsmittel fuer grossflaechige innenausstattungstextilien |
FR2443501A1 (fr) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-07-04 | Airwick Ag | Agent de nettoyage pulverulent non toxique pour garnitures textiles a grande surface, son procede de fabrication et procede de nettoyage utilisant cet agent |
US4395347A (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1983-07-26 | Airwick Industries, Inc. | Powdered carpet cleaner containing ether alcohol solvents |
US4493781A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1985-01-15 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Powdered cleansing composition |
US4552692A (en) * | 1982-01-08 | 1985-11-12 | Gillespie Thomas W | Concentrated composition for cleaning rugs and carpets |
US4483716A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-11-20 | The Franklin Institute | Poultice method for extracting hazardous spills |
DE3430611A1 (de) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-02-20 | Werner & Mertz Gmbh, 6500 Mainz | Mittel zur abtoetung von hausstaubmilben und dessen verwendung |
US4666940A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1987-05-19 | Werner & Mertz Gmbh | Acaricidal cleaning composition for controlling house dust mites and process of using |
US4659494A (en) * | 1984-10-13 | 1987-04-21 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Carpet cleaning composition contains a cellulose powder from a hardwood source |
US4648882A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1987-03-10 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Powdery carpet cleaning preparation containing zeolite granulate |
US4802997A (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1989-02-07 | Reckitt & Colman Products Limited | Method for the treatment of textile surfaces and compositions for use therein |
US4873000A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-10-10 | Sterling Drug Inc. | Carpet freshening and deodorizing composition |
WO2001001778A1 (de) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur verbesserung der milbenentfernung durch staubsaugen |
WO2001039598A3 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-11-08 | Medin Mudr Okic | Preparation for concentration reduction of allergens |
WO2002062937A1 (de) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-15 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Wasch- und reinigungsmittel umfassend feine mikropartikel mit reinigungsmittelbestandteilen |
US20040029765A1 (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2004-02-12 | Henriette Weber | Washing and cleaning agents comprising fine microparticles with cleaning agent components |
US7601678B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2009-10-13 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Washing and cleaning agents comprising fine microparticles with cleaning agent components |
US7494512B2 (en) | 2004-02-20 | 2009-02-24 | Brown Steven E | Compositions and methods for cleaning textile substrates |
US20050183207A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-25 | Chan Marie S. | Compositions and methods for cleaning textile substrates |
US20050183206A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-25 | Brown Steven E. | Compositions and methods for cleaning textile substrates |
EP1712612A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-18 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Method for treating a laundry item |
WO2006109089A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-19 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Method for treating a laundry item |
US20080189873A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2008-08-14 | Reckitt Benckiser N.V. | Method for Treating a Laundry Item |
AU2006235739B2 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2011-09-01 | Reckitt Benckiser Vanish B.V. | Method for treating a laundry item |
US20100172947A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2010-07-08 | Solvay Sa | Pediculicidal Process And Composition |
US20100249011A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Moore Patrick D | powder cleaning composition |
WO2010110898A1 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Milliken & Company | Improved powder cleaning composition |
US8138135B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2012-03-20 | Milliken & Company | Powder cleaning composition |
US20210261888A1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-08-26 | Aguiar Ag Group, Inc. | Diatomaceous earth cleaning system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6509963A (en:Method) | 1966-07-05 |
CA786292A (en) | 1968-05-28 |
BE668163A (en:Method) | 1965-12-01 |
DE1519045A1 (de) | 1969-12-18 |
GB1066001A (en) | 1967-04-19 |
LU49042A1 (en:Method) | 1965-09-15 |
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