Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
  • D04H1/549—Polyamides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
  • C21D9/0031—Rotary furnaces with horizontal or slightly inclined axis
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
  • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
  • D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/552—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving by applying solvents or auxiliary agents
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
  • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
  • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
  • Y10T156/1039—Surface deformation only of sandwich or lamina [e.g., embossed panels]
  • Y10T156/1041—Subsequent to lamination
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
  • Y10T442/2893—Coated or impregnated polyamide fiber fabric

Definitions

• a felt-like web including polyamide fibers cross-secting and contacting each other is strengthened by wetting the web with a liquid containing at least one of p-hydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester and benzenesulfonic acid butylamide as a softener for the polyamide fibers, the liquid and the softener being volatilizable at an elevated temperature sufficiently low so as to have no adverse effect on the polyamide fibers.
• the wetted web is then heated at such relatively low volatilization temperature so that the polyamide fibers will be softened and cross-secting, contacting portions thereof will be adhered to each othre, while simultaneously the liquid and softener will be volatilized and thus removed from the web.
• the present invention relates to a process for making fleece materials or needle felts which consist totally or at least partly of polyamide fibers and, more particularly, the present invention is concerned with a method of producing such fleece or felt wherein the individual polyamide fibers at their cross-secting or contacting points are adhered to each other without incorporation of an ex traneous binding agent into the felt or fleece.
• the present invention contemplates a method of strengthening a feltlike web consisting at least partially of polyamide fibers cross-secting and thus contacting each other, comprising the steps of wetting the felt-like web with a liquid containing a softener for the polyamide fibers, the liquid and the softener being adapted to be volatilized at an elevated temperature sufficiently low so as to have no adverse effect on the polyamide fibers, and heating the thus wetted web at the elevated temperature so as to soften the poly amide fibers thereby adhering cross-secting portions of the polyamide fibers to each other at their points of contact, and also volatilizing the liquid and the softener, whereby the polyamide fibers are adhered to each other and the felt-like web is strengthened thereby without incorporating a binding agent in the web.
• non-woven materials possess very marked textile, fabric-like properties. They have a high degree of tear resistance and abrasion resistance, and are of low specific weight, high air permeability, crease resistant and highly resilient.
• ester formed of p-oxybenzoic acid and of 2-ethylhexanol has been found to be highly suitable.
• the esterification product of these two reactants is the p-hydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester of the formula HOC H -COOC H
• Another suitable softener which, however, has to be applied in a higher concentration is the benzenesulfonic acid butylamide of thfi formula C6H5SO2NHCH2CH2CH2CH3.
• the felt or fleece should not consist exclusively of polyamide fibers, but rather of a mixture of polyamide fibers and other synthetic fibers, for instance up to 40% polyester or polyacrylonitrile fibers. These other fibers will not be softened by the emulsion or solution of esters such as the two esters mentioned above, and thus the proportion of points of adhesion within the fleece or felt will be reduced without substantial effect on the tear and abrasion resistance of the treated non-woven web or fabric.
• Example 1 50% polyamide fibers of 3 denier and a staple length of 60 mm. are mixed with 50% polyamide fibers of 5 denier and a staple length of 40 mm., and of this mixture a cross-layer fleece or a fleece with a random distribution of the individual fibers is produced. The thus formed fleece is then needled so as to preliminarily strengthen the web to the extent required for subjecting the same to wetting in a padding machine or padder with a softener emulsion.
• the softener emulsion consists of 10 parts by weight p-oxybenzoic acid octyl ester, 5 parts by weight con- 3 centrated aqueous ammonia and 150 parts by weight water.
• the needled and wetted fleece is squeezed so as to reduce the liquid content thereof to between 100 and 200% of the weight of the dry fleece, and is then dried at between 100 and 160 C. in a suction drum drier. Thereby, adhesive adherence of contacting points of the cross-secting polyamide fibers will be achieved while the softener will be quantitatively volatilized.
• the softener vapors are then cooled and condensed in an air outlet conduit and can be recovered with a yield of up to about 90%.
• Example 2 The process of Example 1 is carried out. However, the softener emulsion is replaced by a softener solution consisting of parts by weight p-oxybenzoic acid octyl ester, 70 parts by weight methanol and 30 parts water.
• Example 3 The process of Example 1 is carried out. However, a perforated member having an outer surface corresponding to the desired final shape of the felt or fleece is fixed to the surface of the suction drum so that the loose, wetted and needled fleece will adhere by suction to the outer surface of this perforated member without forming any folds. Again, the contacting points of the polyamide fibers are adhered to each other by heating to between 100 and 160 C., and in this simple manner which also lends itself to continuous operation shaped high strength felt-like materials and fleece bodies of different curvatures can be produced. The thus obtained deformation of the fleece or felt is irreversible.
• Examples 4-6 The processes described in Examples 1-3 are repeated, however, the 10 parts by weight of p-oxybenzoic acid octyl ester are replaced by 20 parts by weight of benzenesulfonic acid butylamide.
• a method of strengthening a felt-like web consisting at least partially of polyamide fibers cross-secting and thus contacting each other comprising the steps of wetting said felt-like Web with a liquid containing a softener for said polyamide fibers, said softener being selected from the group consisting of p-hydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester and benzenesulfonic acid butylamide, said liquid and said softener being adapted to be volatilized at an elevated temperature sufficiently low so as to have no adverse effect on said polyamide fibers; and heating the thus wetted web at said elevated temperature so as to soften said polyamide fibers thereby adhering cross-secting portions of said polyamide fibers to each other at their points of contact, and also volatilizing said liquid and said softener, whereby said polyamide fibers are adhered to each other and said felt-like web is strengthened thereby without incorporating a binding agent in said web.
• said softener is p-hydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester and is present in an amount equal to about 10% of the weight of said liquid.
• said softener is benzenesulfonic acid butylamide and is present in an amount equal to about 20% of the weight of said liquid.
• a method of strengthening a felt-like web consisting at least partially of polyamide fibers cross-secting and thus contacting each other comprising the steps of wetting said felt-like web with a liquid containing a softener for said polyamide fibers adapted to soften and to make the same actively adhesive at an elevated temperature of between 100 and 160 C.; said softener being selected from the group consisting of p-hydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester and benzenesulfonic acid butylamide; and heating the thus wetted web at said elevated temperature so as to soften said polyamide fibers and to adhere cross-secting portions thereof to each other thereby strengthening said felt-like web.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=7099117

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1964
  • 1964-03-31 DE DE19641237057 patent/DE1237057C2/de not_active Expired
• 1965
  • 1965-03-08 AT AT205965A patent/AT276293B/de active
  • 1965-03-15 NL NL6503239A patent/NL6503239A/xx unknown
  • 1965-03-22 DK DK147365A patent/DK112866B/da unknown
  • 1965-03-23 ES ES0310869A patent/ES310869A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1965-03-24 CH CH409865A patent/CH449568A/de unknown
  • 1965-03-25 BE BE661615A patent/BE661615A/xx unknown
  • 1965-03-26 FR FR10787A patent/FR1428950A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1965-03-29 US US44371165 patent/US3395060A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1965-03-29 GB GB1326765A patent/GB1101191A/en not_active Expired
  • 1965-03-30 SE SE406665A patent/SE308093B/xx unknown
  • 1965-03-30 NO NO157456A patent/NO119585B/no unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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