US3393537A - Apparatus for the treatment of fibre assemblies with fluids - Google Patents

Apparatus for the treatment of fibre assemblies with fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3393537A
US3393537A US597784A US59778466A US3393537A US 3393537 A US3393537 A US 3393537A US 597784 A US597784 A US 597784A US 59778466 A US59778466 A US 59778466A US 3393537 A US3393537 A US 3393537A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibres
liquid
wool
belts
jet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US597784A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chaikin Malcolm
Samson Alexander
Mstislav S Nossar
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Unisearch Ltd
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Unisearch Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from AU67506/65A external-priority patent/AU401165B2/en
Application filed by Unisearch Ltd filed Critical Unisearch Ltd
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Publication of US3393537A publication Critical patent/US3393537A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/02—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fibres, slivers or rovings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B3/00—Mechanical removal of impurities from animal fibres
    • D01B3/04—Machines or apparatus for washing or scouring loose wool fibres
    • D01B3/08—Machines or apparatus for washing or scouring loose wool fibres with longitudinal movement of either wool or liquid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C5/00—Carbonising rags to recover animal fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the treatment of wool and other fibre assemblies with liquids supplied in the form of a jet or jets where it is advantageous to have liquid-fibre contact throughout the assembly in a rapid manner and with a minimum of fibre movement.
  • the invention discloses improved apparatus for preventing macroscopic fibre movement and at the same time allowing intimate liquid-fibre contact.
  • the invention consists in apparatus for treating a mass of loose fibres with a liquid, consisting of a pair of endless porous conveyor belts arranged to move together over a portion of their paths in a closely spaced parallel relationship, means to introduce loose fibres into the space between the conveyor belts to be formed into a layer between them, means to apply pressure to said belts to compress the layer of fibres to a uniform predetermined extent, said pressure being applied through a pair of plates of low friction, wear resistant material arranged so that one plate is in contact with each of said belts, means for applying at least one jet of liquid to said compressed layer of fibres through at least one aperture in one at least of said plates or at a position adjacent an edge of said plates and through one at least of said belts, a reservoir of treating liquid and means for pumping said liquid from the reservoir to said jet and means for collecting and returning the liquid to the reservoir.
  • the jet or jets may be arranged to act above or below the surface of the liquid in the reservoir.
  • one of said plates is fixed in relation to and supported on a fixed bed at one side of one of said belts, the plate being perforated and supported on a bed of porous material to permit the escape of fluid passing through the layer of fibres, the said pressure being applied to the other plate by means of weights or springs or the like, the other plate being arranged at the other side of the other of said belts and being held against movement with that belt.
  • Apparatus according to the present invention may be utilised to great advantage in the carbonising of scoured loose wool where it is required to impregnate the vegetable matter particles (burrs) present in such wool with a solution of sulphuric acid to such an extent that sumcient acid is absorbed by the said vegetable particles to render them brittle and friable so as to be easily separated from the wool fibres by mechanical action prior to neutralising the acid remaining on the fibres.
  • apparatus in the scouring washing, dyeing and neutralising of loose wool fibres and fibrous assemblies and fibre slivers and in any treatment of wool fibres with jets of liquid in which it is desirable to minimise fibre movement.
  • carbonising of dry scoured loose wool is discussed, as in this case, fibre movement is energised by an internal fibre source as well as by external mechanical forces.
  • loose wool wool fibres whose general configuration is such that some are and some are not considered to be in a parallel position relative to each other.
  • loose wool is usually acidified by passing it through a succession of tanks or bowls (the latter term being normally used in the industry) containing the acid solution. In the bowls loose wool is moved along by mechanical action and fluid friction forces and is mainly submerged in the liquor, except between bowls when it is elevated out and passed through squeeze rollers, and into the next bowl.
  • the first two drawbacks affect carding of wool, the next operation after carbonising and neutralising in which loose carbonised wool is disentangled in order to arrange the individual fibres in a sliver in substantially parallel relationship.
  • wool fibres break, due to the method of disentanglement, and the extent of fibre breakage is proportional to the degree of entanglement and the loss of mechanical strength of the carbonised wool.
  • the longer fibres are considerably more valuable than the shorter ones, most of the short ones being obtained by fibre breakage and therefore it is highly desirable that during the carbonising process of the loose wool, entanglement of wool fibres be kept to a minimum and the duration of acidification be strictly controlled so as to restrict the loss of mechanical strength by wool fibres to a minimum.
  • the third drawback introduces economic and technological limitations on the number and kind of process steps that can be effectively incorporated into a given process.
  • each additional type or concentration of the process liquor which it mayv be desirable to use in the process requires a separate bowl, a mechanical conveying system and large volumes of process chemicals. This is costly both in equipment costs and in space requirements.
  • the requirement that each liquor stage requires a minimum residence time under a given set of conditions precludes the use of processstages which are adversely affected by leaching, diffusion and such other time-dependent phenomena as to be made ineffective or impractical unless carried out as quickly as possible.
  • the excess of concentrated acid solution wetting the fibres and the burrs can be washed off by a jet of solution of weaker concentration only if such washing off is immediately followed by squeeze roll action to remove the weaker solution.
  • a jet of solution of weaker concentration only if such washing off is immediately followed by squeeze roll action to remove the weaker solution.
  • this device enables many types and concentrations of process liquors to be used simultaneously in different jets separated by a set of squeeze rollers without the expensive necessity of providing a separate bowl with a separate mechanical drum conveying system for each type of process liquor.
  • FIG. 1 is a part sectional elevation of a single stage and FIG. 2 is a part sectional elevational of a series of stages, of this form of the invention.
  • the apparatus to be described may be used in a string of stages for a combined scouring, carbonising, rinsing, neutralising and dyeing train based on a single length of porous conveyor or as any one stage of each of the above processes.
  • tank 3 contains the process liquor at a level L; the liquor is picked up by pump 10 and discharged under pressure via the jet I through a layer of compressed wool (not shown) held between two porous continuous conveyor belts 4 and 5.
  • Conveyor belt 4 is driven off the top squeeze roll 2 which is driven by the motor 2a the lower roll being driven by motor 2b while an idle roll 6 is provided to complete the top conveyor loop.
  • Conveyor belt 5 is driven by main rolls 1 running in synchronism with the squeeze rolls 2, one of the main rolls 1 being driven by the motor 1a.
  • Loose wool is fed by means not shown to the porous conveyor belt 5 and is dragged by roll 6 between the two porous conveyor belts 4 and 5 and is compressed by a force due to the action of Weights or springs indicated at W to a predetermined extent such that the fibres are held against movement relative to each other while allowing free access of liquid from the jet to all fibres, the force being applied to a first plate a lined with low friction and wear resistant polytetrafluorethylene sheet or a similar material.
  • the downwards pressure exerted by the plate a is resisted by the base of the machine (I through a screen 0 consisting of a layer of coarse stainless steel mesh, covered by a perforated sheet of polytetrafiuorethylene or any other low friction, wear resistant material constituting a second plate b.
  • a screen 0 consisting of a layer of coarse stainless steel mesh, covered by a perforated sheet of polytetrafiuorethylene or any other low friction, wear resistant material constituting a second plate b.
  • Plates of suitable material having a coating of tetrafluorethylene adhered thereto may be used or where the treating liquid has good lubricating qualities sheets of a material such as polished stainless steel may be used.
  • the perforations in the plate 12 and the screen c are provided to assist in the drainage of the jet liquor after it has penetrated through the wool mat.
  • the top plate a is provided with a hinged lever system 7 attached to wall bracket 8 designed to prevent the movement of the plate together with the conveyor belt 4.
  • the bottom plate 1 is attached to the base support d.
  • a slot 9 of a minimum required width is provided in the plate a to enable a stream of liquid from jet 1 to reach the wool.
  • the jet J consists preferably of a series of jet nozzles arranged side by side to extend over the full width of the Slot 9.
  • the acidified wool is lifted off the conveyor belt 5 by a beater 11 driven by a motor 11a.
  • a flap 12 of flexible rubber extending across the reservoir and forming a seal against the squeeze roll 2 is shown to illustrate a manner in which the liquid containing portion of the tank is divided into separate compartments, the contents of different compartments being isolated, thereby permitting a number of stages to be used in a single tank.
  • FIG. 2 shows in purely diagrammatic form an apparatus made up of three sections A, B, C, each of which is constructed essentially in the same manner as the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • Section B however differs in incorporating two sets of jets.
  • the same reference numerals with or without a sufiix are used to indicate similar arts and details of construction such as the weights, springs or other means for applying pressure to the fibers have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the possibility of treating the wool fibres in section A with a jet of liquid I immediately after they have been squeezed between the pair of rollers to the left of the jet and before entering between the upper and lower plates.
  • the jet passes through the fibres at a point adjacent to the edge of the plates.
  • section C the jet I4 is applied to the layer of fibres immediately before squeezing between the pair of rollers to the right of the jet.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates how apparatus according to the invention may be set up to enable a layer of fibres to be subjected to a sequence of treatments by means of jets of different liquids.
  • Apparatus for treating a mass of loose fibres with a liquid consisting of a pair of endless porous conveyor belts arranged to move together over a portion of their paths in a closely spaced parallel relationship, means to introduce loose fibres into the space between the conveyor belts to be formed into a layer between them, means to apply pressure to one or both of said belts to compress the layer of fibres to a uniform predetermined extent said pressure being applied through a pair of plates of low friction, wear resistant material arranged so that one plate is in contact with each of said belts, means for applying at least one jet of liquid to said compressed layer of fibres through at least one aperture in one at least of said plates or at a position adjacent an edge of said plates and through at least one of said belts, a reservoir of treating liquid and means for pumping said liquid from the reservoir to said jet and means for collecting and returning the liquid to the reservoir.
  • one of said plates is fixed in relation to and supported on a fixed bed at one side of one of said belts, the plate being perforated and supported on a bed of porous material to permit the escape of fluid passing through the layer of fibres, the said pressure being applied to the other plate by means of weights or springs or the like, the other plate being arranged at the other side of the other of said belts and being held against movement with that belt.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein a pair of squeeze rollers is arranged to squeeze liquid from the layer of fibres immediately after the application of a jet of liquid to them.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein two pairs of said plates are arranged beneath the level of liquid in the reservoir at positions spaced apart along the length of the conveyor one said means for applying a jet of liquid being associated with each pair of plates and being arranged so that the jets of liquid produced thereby enter the layer of fibres from opposite sides thereof.
  • Apparatus for treating a mass of loose fibres with a liquid comprising a plurality of pieces of apparatus as claimed in claim 1 arranged side by side with means for transferring a layer of fibres from one piece of apparatus to the next whereby the layer of fibres may be subjected to a series of treatments in sequence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US597784A 1965-12-06 1966-11-29 Apparatus for the treatment of fibre assemblies with fluids Expired - Lifetime US3393537A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU67506/65A AU401165B2 (en) 1965-12-06 Apparatus foe the treatment of fibre assemblies with fluids

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US3393537A true US3393537A (en) 1968-07-23

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US (1) US3393537A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE690771A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH453273A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1635091C3 (enrdf_load_html_response)
ES (1) ES334740A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1508409A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1112149A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0534026A1 (en) * 1991-09-23 1993-03-31 Wooltech Limited Animal fibre processing
WO2007000147A1 (de) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-04 Farm-Container Gmbh Maschinen-Im- Und Export Verfahren und vorrichtung zum imprägnieren eines fasermaterials
WO2009006653A1 (de) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Lenzing Ag Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung einer fasermasse

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4029356C1 (en) * 1990-09-15 1992-03-12 Ostermann & Scheiwe Gmbh & Co, 4400 Muenster, De Paint sprayer for board - has pair of distributor brushes and upper and lower dispersal rollers
CN103774360B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2016-07-06 绍兴金渔纺织新技术有限公司 一种淋轧式散纤维染色机
CN103774362B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2016-06-29 绍兴金渔纺织新技术有限公司 一种淋轧式散纤维水洗工艺
CN103774359B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2017-01-25 绍兴金渔纺织新技术有限公司 一种淋轧式散纤维水洗机
CN103774368B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2016-03-30 绍兴国周针织科技有限公司 一种连续式有色散纤维加工装置
CN103774361B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2016-08-17 绍兴金渔纺织新技术有限公司 一种淋轧式散纤维冷堆染色工艺

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064512A (en) * 1931-04-18 1936-12-15 Ezekiel J Wilson Apparatus for laundering
US2366136A (en) * 1943-07-01 1944-12-26 Waldstein Jerome Continuous flatwork laundering machine
US2724955A (en) * 1949-11-08 1955-11-29 Spooner William Wycliffe Apparatus for washing loose wool
GB760058A (en) * 1954-04-08 1956-10-31 Tmm Research Ltd Improvements in means for scouring wool or other fibrous materials
US3199126A (en) * 1961-10-18 1965-08-10 Unisearch Ltd Treatment of fibre assemblies with fluids

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064512A (en) * 1931-04-18 1936-12-15 Ezekiel J Wilson Apparatus for laundering
US2366136A (en) * 1943-07-01 1944-12-26 Waldstein Jerome Continuous flatwork laundering machine
US2724955A (en) * 1949-11-08 1955-11-29 Spooner William Wycliffe Apparatus for washing loose wool
GB760058A (en) * 1954-04-08 1956-10-31 Tmm Research Ltd Improvements in means for scouring wool or other fibrous materials
US3199126A (en) * 1961-10-18 1965-08-10 Unisearch Ltd Treatment of fibre assemblies with fluids

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0534026A1 (en) * 1991-09-23 1993-03-31 Wooltech Limited Animal fibre processing
AU639160B2 (en) * 1991-09-23 1993-07-15 Wooltech Limited Animal fibre processing
WO2007000147A1 (de) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-04 Farm-Container Gmbh Maschinen-Im- Und Export Verfahren und vorrichtung zum imprägnieren eines fasermaterials
EP1749918A1 (de) * 2005-06-27 2007-02-07 Farm-Container GmbH Maschinen Import und Export GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Imprägnieren eines Fasermaterials
WO2009006653A1 (de) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Lenzing Ag Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung einer fasermasse
CN101802286B (zh) * 2007-07-11 2013-02-06 连津格股份公司 用于处理纤维材料的装置和方法
CN101802286B8 (zh) * 2007-07-11 2017-06-16 连津格股份公司 用于处理纤维材料的装置和方法

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GB1112149A (en) 1968-05-01
DE1635091B2 (de) 1973-03-08
ES334740A1 (es) 1967-10-16
BE690771A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-05-16
FR1508409A (fr) 1968-01-05
DE1635091A1 (de) 1972-07-27
DE1635091C3 (de) 1973-10-04
CH453273A (de) 1968-06-14

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