US3388543A - Manufacture of wire strands - Google Patents

Manufacture of wire strands Download PDF

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Publication number
US3388543A
US3388543A US513220A US51322065A US3388543A US 3388543 A US3388543 A US 3388543A US 513220 A US513220 A US 513220A US 51322065 A US51322065 A US 51322065A US 3388543 A US3388543 A US 3388543A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wire
point
strand
plying
rotation
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Expired - Lifetime
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US513220A
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English (en)
Inventor
Downton John Malcolm
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Bridon Ropes Ltd
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Bridon Ropes Ltd
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H49/00—Unwinding or paying-out filamentary material; Supporting, storing or transporting packages from which filamentary material is to be withdrawn or paid-out
    • B65H49/18—Methods or apparatus in which packages rotate
    • B65H49/20—Package-supporting devices
    • B65H49/28—Turntables, i.e. package resting on a table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F7/00—Twisting wire; Twisting wire together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H49/00—Unwinding or paying-out filamentary material; Supporting, storing or transporting packages from which filamentary material is to be withdrawn or paid-out
    • B65H49/18—Methods or apparatus in which packages rotate
    • B65H49/20—Package-supporting devices
    • B65H49/30—Swifts or skein holders
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B3/00—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
    • D07B3/08—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position
    • D07B3/10—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position with provision for imparting more than one complete twist to the ropes or cables for each revolution of the take-up reel or of the guide member
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods whereby the rotation required for forming round wires into such a strand can be imparted to the individual wires without having to rotate the supply packages.
  • the rate of rotation of the individual wires must be approximately equivalent to the rate of rotation of the strand itself, thus causing each wire to be rotated about its own longitudinal axis once for each lay length of the strand. If the wire supply packages are not caused to rotate at this speed, and the wires are of material with a high modulus of rigidity, such as harddrawn steel wire, the discrepancy in rotations will accumulate between the strand plying point and the wire supply packages. This results in torques which are liable to cause kinks in the Wires if tension is not carefully and constantly maintained.
  • Proposals have been made to rotate each wire about its own axis while passing from the respective package to the plying point, but when the wires have a high modulus of rigidity their remains a risk of kinks occurring adjacent to the packages.
  • Methods according to the present invention resemble previous methods in that they comprise supporting a plurality of supply packages of round wire, leading Wires from respective supply packages along respective paths to a plying point, rotating each wire about its own axis while passing from the respective package to the plying point, and pulling a resultant plied strand away from the plying point while the strand rotates.
  • Methods according to the present invention advance on previous methods by supporting the packages on means in stationary attitudes, by restraining rotation of each Wire at a first point between the respective package and the plying point, and by positively rotating each Wire at a second point between the respective first point and the plying point at a speed so related to the speed of rotation of the strand and the rate of pulling of strand away from the plying point, that each wire undergoes elastic and plastic torsional deformation on passing the firs-t point, and undergoes at least partial elastic recovery on passing the second point.
  • the present invention also includes apparatus for carrying out these methods.
  • the apparatus include, for each Wire, a rotary twisting means capable of applying rotation to a portion of Wire lying at any instant between the package and the plying devices, and, between the twisting means and package, an isolating means in a stationary attitude, the iso- 3,388,543 Patented June 18, 1968 lating means being capable of preventing rotation from the twisting means passing to the package.
  • the twisting means and isolating means together constitute what may be termed a torsion inductor, interposed between a wire supply package and the plying point, which can cause an individual wire to rotate about its own longitudinal axis at a speed not greatly different from the speed of rotation of the strand about its axis, while at the same time preventing rotation from passing back to the Wire leading from the supply package.
  • a torsion inductor interposed between a wire supply package and the plying point, which can cause an individual wire to rotate about its own longitudinal axis at a speed not greatly different from the speed of rotation of the strand about its axis, while at the same time preventing rotation from passing back to the Wire leading from the supply package.
  • each supply package is stationary has the advantages that there are no severe limits on size, weight or type of package, and also that access to the packages is possible while the stranding machine is running.
  • FIGURES 1A and 13 together make up a diagrammatic side elevation of a complete machine for making wire strands, the two figures joining on the line X-X;
  • FIGURE 2 shows two of the torsion inductors, one in side elevation and one in vertical longitudinal section;
  • FIGURE 3 is a plan view of one torsion inductor with parts in horizontal section;
  • FIGURE 4 is a vertical longitudinal section of a slightly modified torsion inductor
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 are diagrammatic side elevations of two other forms of torsion inductor.
  • FIGURE 7 shows an alternative form of wire package.
  • round wires 1 are led from supply packages 2, through individual torsion inductors 4, to a plying point defined by a plying device 6.
  • a plied strand 8 is withdrawn from the plying device by a pulling means 10, and is collected by a take-up means 12.
  • the whole machine, except for a take-up drum, is driven by a single motor 14 through a main shaft 16.
  • the strand may include a core 18 led from a pay-off device 20.
  • This core may be a single wire, or may itself be a strand onto which the wires 1 are applied as an additional layer.
  • the packages 2 are supported by shafts 3 mounted on a stationary structure 5.
  • the torsion inductors 4 are sup ported by a stationary structure 7. These torsion inductors are more fully described later.
  • the plying device 6 has a positive drive by a toothed belt 22 direct from the main shaft 16.
  • the plyin device consists of a rotating die block 24 with a bore, the entry to which defines the actual plying point.
  • the device may also include a so-called postformer, for example, as shown, a cage 26 which rotates with the die and carries a series of small rollers 28 which nip the strand. These assist in making the strand straight and of uniform construction, and in neutralising locked-up torsional stresses.
  • Close upstream of the die block 24 is a stationary plate 39 containing holes regularly spaced around a circle, which serves as a guide for the wires 1.
  • Also close upstream of the die block there may be means (not shown), e.g. a fixed pipe passing between the wires 1, for applying a thin coating of lubricant to the core 18.
  • the pay-01f device 20 delivers the core 18 to the die block and imparts rotation to the core at a speed related to that of the die block.
  • the device 20 includes trunnions 32, 34- which are rotated at equal speeds about their common horizontal axis by positive drives 36, 38.
  • the trunnions carry, via bearings (not shown), a cradle 40 which is stabilised against rotation by a weight 42, and which supports a drum 44 carrying core material.
  • the trunnions carry guides 46 and 48 respectively, by which the core 18 is led to the left and then to the right so as to be delivered through a bore in the right-hand trunnion 34 with a rotary motion at twice the speed of the trunnions.
  • the guides 46, 48, and also stationary guides 50, 52, are of construction such that the core can move longitudinally and at the same time rotate while passing round the guides.
  • the speed of rotation of the trunnions may be altered by exchanging one pulley in each drive 36, 38 for a pulley of another size.
  • the core is a single wire, then it may alternatively be supplied from a package 2 through a torsion inductor 4 1 similar to those which supply the outer wires 1, but the inductor for the core wire may rotate at a different speed.
  • the pulling means It has trunnions 54, 56 which support a frame 58.
  • the trunnion 56 is rotated at the same speed as the plying device 6, by a positive drive 60.
  • the 1 strand 8 passes axially through the trunnion 54, several times around a drum 62, and axially through the trunnion 56, being guided by pulleys 66.
  • the drum 62 is driven from the main shaft 16 through a variable-ratio gear 64, a hollow shaft 70 concentric with the trunnion 54, and gearing 68. By suitable setting of the variable-ratio gear 64, the drum 62 is caused to move the strand through the pulling means 16* at the desired linear speed.
  • the take-up means 12 includes trunnions 76, 78, which are rotated about their common horizontal axis by positive drives 80, 82 from a shaft 84, which is driven from the main shaft 16 by a variable-ratio gear 86.
  • the trunnions 76, 78 support a cage 87 carrying guides 38, 89, 90.
  • the cradle carries, on a transverse axis, a take-up drum 94 onto which the strand 8 is wound.
  • the drum 94 is driven by gearing, not shown, from a shaft 06 coaxial with the trunnion 76.
  • This shaft 96 is driven by a separate electric motor 98 of constant-torque type.
  • the cradle also carries means, not shown, for traversing the strand to and fro across the drum 94 so as to build layers of turns of strand on the drum.
  • the number of package-supporting shaft 3 and torsion inductors 4 in the machine is made sufficient for the largest number of wires that may need to be handled, for exa ample up to forty-three.
  • 'FIGURES 2 and 3 show the construction of the torsion inductors in detail.
  • Each torsion inductor is, for convenience, made as a unit, with a base plate 102, fixed to a vertical pillar 1041 which is part of the stationary structure 7.
  • the plate supports three pulleys 106, 108, 110 on fixed axes, and also supports two bearings 112, 114 for trunnions 116, 118 on opposite ends of a rotary carrier constituted by a plate 120.
  • the plate 120 supports two pulleys 122, 124, which have their grooves in a common plane containing the axis YY of the trunnions 116, 118', and have their axes Z, Z intersecting the axis YY.
  • the pulleys 122, 124 constitute twisting means, and the pulleys 106, .108 constitute isolating means.
  • the fact that the axes of the two pulleys 122, 124 of the twisting means intersect the carrier axis YY means that the pulleys do not require to be counterbalanced.
  • the carrier itself is counterbalanced by masses 136 on the free ends of the studs 138 on which the pulleys 122, 124 are journalled.
  • the wire is led once around the pulley 122, then to the pulley 124 and once around it,.
  • each trunnion is a grooved guide 126, 128, to deflect the wire to and from the axis YY.
  • the pulleys 106, 108, 110 are all tangential to this axis.
  • twisting means are rotated by positive drives from the main shaft 16 (FIGURE 1A), constituted by a system of double pulleys 130 and toothed belts 132 (FIG URE 1A), through a variable-ratio gear 134.
  • the diiference involves continuous twisting of the wire as it leaves the pulley 124.
  • the speed of rotation of the twisting means is so selected that twisting occurs on leaving the pulley 124 in the opposite sense from, and at a slower rate than, the twisting on leaving the pulley 108.
  • the twisting on leaving the pulley 108 causes both elastic and plastic torsional deformation of the wire; the twisting on leaving the pulley 124 involves at least partial elastic recovery.
  • Strand 360 to produce one strand lay of 0.100"
  • Wire 20752' to produce one wire helix of 0.1732"
  • each wire 1 as it leaves its package 2 should be low. If there is substantial tension, the turn of wire due to come next off the package may tend to bury itself among later turns and become caught. On the other hand, it may be desirable to ensure that none of the wires can become slack at any point, as slackness, even for a short period, might lead to the formation of a loop, which would then contract into a kink.
  • a Weighted pulley 162 to accommodate irregularities in the speed at which wire comes off the bobbin, and thus maintain uniformity of tension. Uniformity of tension may also assist uniformity in the structure of the plied strand.
  • the guide pulleys between the twisting device and the plying device should have a diameter not less than that of the preceding pulleys, and the wire should embrace the guide pulleys through an arc of less than 90.
  • a guide immediately adjacent to the plying point can, if desired, be shaped to bend the wires through a sharper curvature than the pulleys, thereby bending each wire as it passes and so deforming it into a helix, by reason of the simultaneous rotation of the wire.
  • the helical shape may assist uniformity in the structure of the plied strand.
  • this may be brought about by adjustment of the variable-ratio gear 86 driving the cage of the take-up means 12. Furthermore, some of the torsional elastic recovery of the wires may occur during the closing of several strands together to make a rope.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a torque inductor in which the torque isolating means and the twisting means each include only one pulley 136A, 138A respectively. It is necessary to take several turns of wire round each pulley.
  • the pulley 138A is tangential to the axis of rotation of the carrier 140A, and is therefore counterbalanced by a weight 142.
  • FIGURE 6 shows the possible use of larger numbers of pulleys, 144, 146 respectively, in the torque isolating means and in the twisting means.
  • FIGURE 7 shows another form of package in which each wire 1 may be supplied.
  • the Wire is in loose coils 150, which is the form in which it is usually collected at the output end of a wire-drawing machine.
  • the coils which are one continuous length of wire, are supported on a cage of bars 152, which are fixed at their lower ends to a turntable 153, and which are also joined together by a top member 155.
  • the turntable is rotatably supported on a base 154, from which a fixed shaft 156 extends upwards.
  • the shaft carries an adjustable gentle friction brake 158 acting on the top member, and hence on the coils.
  • the packages instead of rotating about an axis, may be entirely stationary, the wrie being removed over one end of the package.
  • the tension should be continuously maintained just sufficient to prevent the slight twist produced (one rotation per turn of wire on the package) from causing kinks in the wire on its Way to the isolating means.
  • a method of manufacturing a wire strand comprising supporting a plurality of supply packages of round wire on means in stationary attitudes, leading wires from respective upply packages along respective paths to a playing point, pulling a resultant plied strand away from the plying point while the strand rotates, restraining rotation of each wire at a first point between the respective packages and the plying point, and positively rotating each wire about its own axis at a second point between the respective first point and the plying point at a speed so related to the speed of rotation of the strand at the plying point, and the rate of pulling of strand away from the plying point, that each wire undergoes elastic and plastic torsional deformation on passing the first point, and undergoes at least partial elastic recovery on passing the second point.
  • each wire between the first point and the second point has an unsupported length not exceeding 500 times the diameter of the wire.
  • Apparatus for manufacturing a wire strand comprising a. plying device, a plurality of means in stationary attitudes for supporting supply packages, a plurality of directin" means each defining a path for a wire from a respective one of the packages to the plying device, each directing means including, in sequence from the package to the plying means, firstly an isolating means in a stationary attitude and secondly a rotary twisting means, the twisting means being capable of applying rotation to the portion of wire lying at any instant between the isolating means and the twisting means, the said isolating means in cluding means for substantially preventing rotation of the wire about its own axis as the wire passes through the isolating means, and the said isolating means being mounted relative to its corresponding supply package and its corresponding twisting means so that it substantially prevents the rotation imparted to the Wire by its said corresponding twisting means from passing back towards its said corresponding package, means for pulling pliedl strand away from the plying device, and means
  • each twisting means includes at least one pulley mounted in a rotary carrier, the groove of the pulley being in a plane containing the axis of rotation of the carrier.
  • each isolating means includes at least one pulley tangential t0 the axis of rotation of the respective carrier.
  • Apparatus according to claim 10 in which there are two pulleys in each isolating means, in a common plane, and two pulleys in each twisting means, in a common plane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Warping, Beaming, Or Leasing (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
US513220A 1964-12-22 1965-12-13 Manufacture of wire strands Expired - Lifetime US3388543A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB51983/64A GB1126671A (en) 1964-12-22 1964-12-22 Manufacture of wire strands
GB2355865 1965-06-02

Publications (1)

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US3388543A true US3388543A (en) 1968-06-18

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US513220A Expired - Lifetime US3388543A (en) 1964-12-22 1965-12-13 Manufacture of wire strands

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US3388543A (de)
AT (1) AT272158B (de)
BE (1) BE674192A (de)
CH (1) CH432302A (de)
DK (1) DK116643B (de)
ES (1) ES321076A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1460478A (de)
GB (1) GB1126671A (de)
IL (1) IL24788A (de)
LU (1) LU50122A1 (de)
NL (1) NL143642B (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504487A (en) * 1967-03-22 1970-04-07 B & F Carter & Co Ltd Manufacture of bunched wire
US3823543A (en) * 1971-08-24 1974-07-16 M Glushko Method of making spun multi-wire articles
CN101718046B (zh) * 2009-11-23 2011-11-09 江苏泰隆减速机股份有限公司 双捻成绳机
CN102677493A (zh) * 2012-05-18 2012-09-19 宁波市鄞州文辉机械设备制造有限公司 合股机
CN105421127A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-03-23 天津市大地海陆岩土工程技术开发有限公司 一种快捷预应力钢绞线分线装置
CN106835780A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-06-13 江苏法尔胜技术开发中心有限公司 一种低伸长率钢丝绳的生产方法及生产装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2135346A (en) * 1983-02-12 1984-08-30 Brian Russel Joyce Yarn dispenser
DE3808112A1 (de) * 1988-03-15 1989-09-21 Sevastopol Priborostroit Inst Einrichtung zur schraubenfoermigen zufuehrung von langerzeugnissen in eine verseilmaschine
JP5282683B2 (ja) * 2009-07-02 2013-09-04 住友電装株式会社 伸線装置及び素線の製造方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE669702C (de) * 1936-08-03 1939-01-16 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung drehspannungsfreier Drahtseile
CH230884A (de) * 1941-08-26 1944-02-15 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Verfahren zur Herstellung drehspannungsfreier Stahldrahtlitzen und -seile und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben.
DE910431C (de) * 1943-04-03 1954-05-03 Siemens Ag Spinn- und Verseilmaschine
US3005304A (en) * 1956-08-25 1961-10-24 Holm Carl Julianus Device for the production of lang lay wire cables
US3091074A (en) * 1960-12-30 1963-05-28 Siemens Ag Apparatus for producing communication cables
US3114232A (en) * 1957-03-26 1963-12-17 Delore Sa Geoffroy Method and apparatus for producing improved conductor cables
US3169360A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-02-16 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Stranding apparatus and method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE669702C (de) * 1936-08-03 1939-01-16 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung drehspannungsfreier Drahtseile
CH230884A (de) * 1941-08-26 1944-02-15 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Verfahren zur Herstellung drehspannungsfreier Stahldrahtlitzen und -seile und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben.
DE910431C (de) * 1943-04-03 1954-05-03 Siemens Ag Spinn- und Verseilmaschine
US3005304A (en) * 1956-08-25 1961-10-24 Holm Carl Julianus Device for the production of lang lay wire cables
US3114232A (en) * 1957-03-26 1963-12-17 Delore Sa Geoffroy Method and apparatus for producing improved conductor cables
US3091074A (en) * 1960-12-30 1963-05-28 Siemens Ag Apparatus for producing communication cables
US3169360A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-02-16 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Stranding apparatus and method

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504487A (en) * 1967-03-22 1970-04-07 B & F Carter & Co Ltd Manufacture of bunched wire
US3823543A (en) * 1971-08-24 1974-07-16 M Glushko Method of making spun multi-wire articles
CN101718046B (zh) * 2009-11-23 2011-11-09 江苏泰隆减速机股份有限公司 双捻成绳机
CN102677493A (zh) * 2012-05-18 2012-09-19 宁波市鄞州文辉机械设备制造有限公司 合股机
CN102677493B (zh) * 2012-05-18 2014-12-24 宁波市鄞州文辉机械设备制造有限公司 合股机
CN105421127A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-03-23 天津市大地海陆岩土工程技术开发有限公司 一种快捷预应力钢绞线分线装置
CN105421127B (zh) * 2015-12-31 2018-02-27 天津市大地海陆岩土工程技术开发有限公司 一种快捷预应力钢绞线分线装置
CN106835780A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-06-13 江苏法尔胜技术开发中心有限公司 一种低伸长率钢丝绳的生产方法及生产装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6516407A (de) 1966-06-23
DE1510062B2 (de) 1972-11-16
GB1126671A (en) 1968-09-11
FR1460478A (fr) 1966-11-25
DE1510062A1 (de) 1970-06-11
IL24788A (en) 1969-07-30
LU50122A1 (de) 1966-02-22
BE674192A (de) 1966-06-22
NL143642B (nl) 1974-10-15
AT272158B (de) 1969-06-25
ES321076A1 (es) 1966-07-16
CH432302A (fr) 1967-03-15
DK116643B (da) 1970-01-26

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