US3325912A - Apparatus for treatment of loose materials with gaseous mediums - Google Patents

Apparatus for treatment of loose materials with gaseous mediums Download PDF

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Publication number
US3325912A
US3325912A US441754A US44175465A US3325912A US 3325912 A US3325912 A US 3325912A US 441754 A US441754 A US 441754A US 44175465 A US44175465 A US 44175465A US 3325912 A US3325912 A US 3325912A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gaseous medium
receptacle
envelope wall
loose material
casing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US441754A
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English (en)
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Bojner Gustav
Bojner Gosta
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls
    • F26B17/126—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls the vertical walls consisting of baffles, e.g. in louvre-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/30—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for the treatment of loose materials with a gaseous medium, especially for drying or cooling materials of said type by means of a gaseous medium, which is hot or cold, respectively.
  • the invention refers to a particular class of said apparatus, viz. apparatus of the type comprising a tower with a stationary casing, and a receptacle surrounded by said casing and having a perforated envelope wall, said casing having substantially opposed inlet and outlet openings for the gaseous medium which thereby is allowed to flow transversely through the central inner space of the perforated envelope wall, said casing and said receptacle having openings at the top for feeding the loose material into the central inner space of the perforated envelope wall and openings at the bottom for discharging the loose material as treated.
  • loose material is used to designate material in the form of pieces or other constituent parts, which are not packed to a comparatively dense mass or charge in the receptacle but will form a loose mass or charge that will fill up the receptacle, while having a great number of small spaces between the individual pieces of constituent parts so that the gaseous medium can pass through these spaces.
  • mineral materials which can be treated in towers of the present type are lime stone or ore (such as iron ore) in the form of pieces of suitable size
  • fibrous materials are grassy and similar vegetable materials, wooden chips, match splints (match sticks) and flocculated or milled cellulose.
  • Tower apparatus of the class indicated above have, when compared with horizontal drum apparatus, such as driers, the advantage that the receptacle can be filled completely, whereby the volume of the apparatus is utilized to a greater extent, but there is a serious disadvantage, which hitherto has prevented every extensive use of tower apparatus as driers, viz. that the heating action of the hot drying medium is concentrated substantially to the middle portions of the charge lying directly beween the gas inlet and outlet openings of the stationary receptacle, the lateral portions of the charge being only slightly heated by the hot drying medium.
  • the primary object of the invention is to create a tower apparatus of the class indicated above, in which the gaseous medium flowing transversely through the receptacle is caused to pass as uniformly as possible over the entire cross-section of the receptacle so as to secure an efficient action on the loose material in the receptacle.
  • a tower apparatus is characterized by the following features.
  • the receptacle preferably having a circular or polygonal cross-section, for example, is rotatably mounted relatively the stationary casing of the tower and is provided for rotation during the passing of the gaseous medium transversely through the central inner space of the perforated envelope wall and through the loose material contained therein so that succe'ssively new portions of the cross-section of the perforated envelope wa'll and of the loose material charge will be within the transversal flow of the gaseous medium.
  • Sealing means are disposed between the rotatable envelope Patented June 20, 1967 Wall and the stationary casing, which preferably has a circular cross-section, said sealing means being provided for dividing the circumference of the perforated envelope wall into a plurality of mutually isolated pas-sage zones for the gaseous medium, at least one of said zones being always in direct connection with the inlet opening for the gaseous medium and at least one substantially opposed zone being in direct connection with the outlet opening for the gaseous medium.
  • the hot gaseous medium is blown into the loose material through one of said zones and then this Very same quality of gaseous medium after being cooled and charged with moisture is allowed to leave the charge of loose material and the receptacle through the zone that is diametrically opposite to the entrance zone or at least nearly opposite to the same.
  • these zones are circumferentially displaced, and when the receptacle has performed half a revolution the entrance zone has changed to be the outlet zone, the entering hot gaseous medium now contacting first those portions of the charge that for half a revolution ago were passed by the out-going cooled gaseous medium.
  • an intense drying effect is obtained.
  • a space formed around the rotatable perforated envelope wall of the receptacle, within the stationary casing, is divided vertically in several compartments above each other, having each an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the gaseous medium.
  • This division in compartments is made by transversely extending sealing means within said space, this sealing means being supported by the rotatable receptacle and providing a circular sealing against the stationary casings.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical central cross-section through the tower apparatus with the cylindrical stationary casing and the rotatable central receptacle with associated parts;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical central cross-section through a portion of the tower apparatus according to a modification of the receptacle
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-section on the line IIIIII in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-section on the line IV-IV in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is the same horizontal cross-section as in FIG. 4 but shows the central receptacle in a different position of rotation
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-section on the line VIVI in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates on a greater scale one vertically extending sealing means as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 8 illustrates on a greater scale one vertically extending sealing means as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates the stationary casing, which is standing on a support lit, for instance a tripod, and which is shown as cylindrical, although it also could be conical (tapering upwards)
  • 2 indicates two inlets for the gaseous medium, disposed at different levels above each other
  • 3 indicates two corresponding outlets for the gaseous medium, located diametrically opposite to the inlets
  • 4 indicates two blowers for blowing the gaseous medium into the respective inlets under suitable pressure
  • '5 indicates two suction blowers for drawing the gaseous medium out from the apparatus
  • 6 is the rotatable receptacle having an envelope wall with a perforation, for instance so-called eyelid perforation or apertures in the form of slots or the like
  • 7 is vertically extending linear sealing means between the envelope wall of the rotatable receptacle and the stationary casing, said sealing means consisting of rubber strips or other elastic or resilient material and preferably being attached to and supported by the rotatable receptacle
  • 8 is
  • the perforated envelope wall of the rotatable receptable 6 has a polygonal cross-section, preferably a square crosssection, and four linear sealing means 7 (see also FIG..
  • the perforated envelope wall of the rotatable receptacle 6 has a circular cross-section, annularly spaced from the stationary casing, and six linear sealing means 7 (see also FIG.
  • the outlet 3 for the gaseous medium is substantially larger than the inlet 2, thus constituting an enlarged chamber for collecting the gaseous medium coming from several adjacent zones. This has also the advantage that the rate of flow is substantially reduced in the space directly before the outlet so that the gaseous medium flowing out will not carry much dust.
  • the vertically extending linear sealing means 7, prevent the gaseous medium supplied through the inlet 2, from flowing directly to the outlet 3 without having passed through the charge contained in the receptacle.
  • the gaseous medium will enter the receptacle through the passage zone that is directly facing the inlet 2 and thus is in direct connection with the same, and the gaseous medium will flow out from the receptacle through the passage zone that is directly facing the outlet 3.
  • the entering gaseous medium will be distributed to the two adjacent passage zones that are in connection with the inlet 2, and the flowing-out will take place in a corresponding way.
  • the relations are similar.
  • the transversely extending sealing means 8 are provided for dividing the space between the envelope wall of the receptacle and the casing in two compartments one above the other, said com- .partments having each one inlet 2 and one outlet 3 for the gaseous medium.
  • These two compartments may be supplied with gaseous mediums of different temperatures. For instance, a drying action by means of a hot gaseous medium can take place in the upper compartment, where the loose material can be rather cold and Wet, and a cooling action by means of a cold gaseous medium can take place in the lower compartment.
  • a greater number of compartments above each other can be provided, for instance four compartments.
  • said raise of temperature can be effected by admixing flue-gases of higher temperature, and when the gaseous medium comprises air, said raise of temperature can be effected by further heating the air in a manner well-known per se.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing This important feature of the invention as adopted in connection with drying apparatus is diagrammatically illustratedin FIG. 1 of the drawing by an external conducting circuit including re-heating means, as indicated by dash-and-dotlines.
  • the gaseous drying medium which has passed through a certain drying compartment, preferably the lower one in FIG. 1, is heated additionally in the external re-heating means for increasing the drying capacity of the same, and is then conducted through another drying compartment, in FIG. 1 the upper one, where the loose material is in a different stage of drying.
  • the term re-heating means occurring in FIG. 1 is intended to include admixing with flue-gases of higher temperature or raising the temperature in any other suitable way.
  • An apparatus for the treatment of loose materials with a gaseous medium comprising: a tower including a stationary casing; a rotatably mounted receptacle within said casing and having a perforated envelope wall, said perforated envelope wall providing a central inner space; said casing having substantially opposed inlet and outlet openings whereby said gaseous medium is allowed to flow transversely through said central inner space; said casing and said receptacle each having openings at their topfor feeding loose material into said central inner space and openings at their bottom for discharging the loose material as treated; means for rotating said receptacle during the transverse flow of said gaseous medium through said central inner space and through said loose material contained therein whereby successively new portions of the cross-section of the perforated envelope wall and of the loose material will be within the transverse flow of the gaseous medium; axially extending sealing means mounted between said rotatable envelope wall and said stationary casing, said sealing means dividing the circumference of the perforated envelope wall into a plurality of
  • said perforated envelope wall is provided with transversely extending sealing means dividing the space formed between said perforated envelope wall and said stationary casing into at least two compartments, one above the other, each of said compartments having one of said inlet openings and one of said outlet openings for the gaseous medium.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US441754A 1964-06-05 1965-03-22 Apparatus for treatment of loose materials with gaseous mediums Expired - Lifetime US3325912A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE6887/64A SE312771B (xx) 1964-06-05 1964-06-05

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US3325912A true US3325912A (en) 1967-06-20

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DE (1) DE1604817B1 (xx)
NO (1) NO121596B (xx)
SE (1) SE312771B (xx)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3629954A (en) * 1968-09-26 1971-12-28 Hart Carter Co Gravity flow grain dries
US3661330A (en) * 1967-08-23 1972-05-09 Teijin Ltd Apparatus for drying polyester particles
US3739493A (en) * 1971-05-04 1973-06-19 E Nivon Grain drying apparatus
US3946495A (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-03-30 Asriel Osdor Method and apparatus for drying moisture-containing solids particularly domestic refuse and sludge cakes
US4062367A (en) * 1976-05-03 1977-12-13 Reynolds Leasing Corporation Tiered container with flow distribution system
US4125945A (en) * 1977-05-18 1978-11-21 Westlake Agricultural Engineering, Inc. Multiple stage grain dryer with intermediate steeping
US4242806A (en) * 1978-03-29 1981-01-06 Mcclaren Jay L Stacked air dryer with air recirculation
USRE30710E (en) * 1979-11-21 1981-08-18 Reynolds Leasing Corporation Tiered container with flow distribution system
WO2002026460A1 (de) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-04 Bühler AG Vorrichtung und verfahren zur thermischen nachbehandlung von polymerem kunststoffmaterial in granulatform
US20070266590A1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-11-22 Econ Maschinenbau Und Steuerungstechnik Gmbh Drying device and method
US20080022547A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Shivvers Group, Inc. Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery
US20080178488A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Shivvers Steve D Portable counter flow drying and highly efficient grain drier with integrated heat recovery
US20080184587A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Shivvers Steve D High efficiency drier with multi stage heating and drying zones
US20080184589A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 The Shivvers Group, Inc., An Iowa Corporation High efficiency drier with heating and drying zones
US20080209759A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-09-04 Shivvers Steve D Counter flow air cooling drier with fluid heating and integrated heat recovery
US20080209755A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-09-04 Shivvers Steve D Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery with fluid recirculation system
US20090158618A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-25 Tuck Gordon S Dryer for fuel material
US20100107439A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Tri-Phase Drying Technologies, Llc, An Iowa Limited Liability Company High efficiency drier
US10591212B2 (en) * 2014-03-12 2020-03-17 Ceres Device and method for drying grain

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19957664A1 (de) * 1999-11-30 2001-05-31 Basf Ag Vorrichtung zum Trocknen und thermischen Behandeln von Granulat mit einem Inertgasstrom

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US969484A (en) * 1909-09-07 1910-09-06 August J Koegler Sectional grain-heater.
US1718243A (en) * 1928-01-26 1929-06-25 Smidth & Co As F L Drier
US1731223A (en) * 1928-07-21 1929-10-08 United Gas Improvement Co Apparatus for effecting contact between gases and divided solids
US3175302A (en) * 1961-01-04 1965-03-30 Fives Lille Cail Gravity-type heat exchanger for treating particulate solid material

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE457299C (de) * 1926-02-10 1928-03-12 Hartmann A G Maschf Verfahren zur Siebung von koernigem Trockengut unter gleichzeitiger Kuehlung mittels eines Luftstroms
DE640773C (de) * 1934-12-07 1937-01-12 Vilhelm Irgens Pettersson Dr Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Massenguetern, insbesondere geschnittener Gras- und Getreidehalme
DE731138C (de) * 1940-06-25 1943-02-02 Koelner Werkzeugmaschinenfabri Gasdurchlaessige Kuehltrommel
FR926957A (fr) * 1946-05-15 1947-10-16 Dispositif à adapter aux séchoirs ou aux fours rotatifs pour l'obtention de produits séchés ou cuits à des températures différentes
US2529953A (en) * 1947-07-07 1950-11-14 Stanley J Malecek Grain drier
US2913832A (en) * 1955-11-09 1959-11-24 Hiram J Kaufman Drying apparatus
DE1088407B (de) * 1956-10-31 1960-09-01 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag Einrichtung zur Nachbehandlung von im Drehofen gebranntem Magnesit oder Dolomit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US969484A (en) * 1909-09-07 1910-09-06 August J Koegler Sectional grain-heater.
US1718243A (en) * 1928-01-26 1929-06-25 Smidth & Co As F L Drier
US1731223A (en) * 1928-07-21 1929-10-08 United Gas Improvement Co Apparatus for effecting contact between gases and divided solids
US3175302A (en) * 1961-01-04 1965-03-30 Fives Lille Cail Gravity-type heat exchanger for treating particulate solid material

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661330A (en) * 1967-08-23 1972-05-09 Teijin Ltd Apparatus for drying polyester particles
US3629954A (en) * 1968-09-26 1971-12-28 Hart Carter Co Gravity flow grain dries
US3739493A (en) * 1971-05-04 1973-06-19 E Nivon Grain drying apparatus
US3946495A (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-03-30 Asriel Osdor Method and apparatus for drying moisture-containing solids particularly domestic refuse and sludge cakes
US4062367A (en) * 1976-05-03 1977-12-13 Reynolds Leasing Corporation Tiered container with flow distribution system
US4125945A (en) * 1977-05-18 1978-11-21 Westlake Agricultural Engineering, Inc. Multiple stage grain dryer with intermediate steeping
US4242806A (en) * 1978-03-29 1981-01-06 Mcclaren Jay L Stacked air dryer with air recirculation
USRE30710E (en) * 1979-11-21 1981-08-18 Reynolds Leasing Corporation Tiered container with flow distribution system
WO2002026460A1 (de) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-04 Bühler AG Vorrichtung und verfahren zur thermischen nachbehandlung von polymerem kunststoffmaterial in granulatform
US20040010934A1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2004-01-22 Hans Geissbuhler Device and method for the thermal secondary treatment of polymer plastic material in granulate form
US20070266590A1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-11-22 Econ Maschinenbau Und Steuerungstechnik Gmbh Drying device and method
US7574816B2 (en) 2006-07-28 2009-08-18 Shivvers Steve D Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery
US20080022547A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Shivvers Group, Inc. Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery
US20100154247A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2010-06-24 Tri-Phase Drying Technologies, L.L.C, A Limited Liability Company Of The State Of Iowa Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery
US20080209759A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-09-04 Shivvers Steve D Counter flow air cooling drier with fluid heating and integrated heat recovery
US20080178488A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Shivvers Steve D Portable counter flow drying and highly efficient grain drier with integrated heat recovery
US20080209755A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-09-04 Shivvers Steve D Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery with fluid recirculation system
US20080184589A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 The Shivvers Group, Inc., An Iowa Corporation High efficiency drier with heating and drying zones
US20080184587A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Shivvers Steve D High efficiency drier with multi stage heating and drying zones
US20090158618A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-25 Tuck Gordon S Dryer for fuel material
EP2229568A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2010-09-22 Altentech Power Inc. Dryer for fuel material
EP2229568A4 (en) * 2007-12-19 2012-07-04 Altentech Power Inc DRYER FOR COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL
US8522449B2 (en) * 2007-12-19 2013-09-03 Altentech Power Inc. Dryer for fuel material
US9316441B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2016-04-19 Altentech Power Inc. Dryer for fuel material
US20100107439A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Tri-Phase Drying Technologies, Llc, An Iowa Limited Liability Company High efficiency drier
US10591212B2 (en) * 2014-03-12 2020-03-17 Ceres Device and method for drying grain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1604817B1 (de) 1970-05-27
NO121596B (xx) 1971-03-15
SE312771B (xx) 1969-07-21

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