US3294920A - Arrangement for automatic switching systems - Google Patents

Arrangement for automatic switching systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3294920A
US3294920A US278035A US27803563A US3294920A US 3294920 A US3294920 A US 3294920A US 278035 A US278035 A US 278035A US 27803563 A US27803563 A US 27803563A US 3294920 A US3294920 A US 3294920A
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Prior art keywords
group
conductor
conductors
marking
terminal
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US278035A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kroes Jan Louis De
Schuringa Tjakko Marinus
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0008—Selecting arrangements using relay selectors in the switching stages
    • H04Q3/0012—Selecting arrangements using relay selectors in the switching stages in which the relays are arranged in a matrix configuration

Definitions

  • This invention relates to arrangements for automatic switching systems, for example telephone systems, comprising first and second groups of conductors and a plurality of sequential switching stages located between the two groups of conductors and connected together by groups of intermediate conductors located between each two sequential switching stages. At least one connecting path exists between each conductor of one group and each conductor of the other group through .a seriescombination of intermediate conductors, comprising one intermediate conductor of the intermediate conductors located between each two sequential switching stages.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an arrangement of the above kind in which the switching stages include crosspoint switches having relay contacts at the crossings between two groups of relatively parallel conductors.
  • the relay contacts are located between the conductors and are controlled by relays.
  • the arrangement is very simple and needs a minimum number of relay windings and relay contacts per crossing.
  • each switching stage in cludes a plurality of crosspoint switches, a seriescombination of a unidirectionally conductive element and a relay winding, included between a marking. conductor and either an intermediate conductor connected to the preceding switching stage, or a conductor of the first group, being associated with each crosspoint.
  • the common point between the unindirectionally conductive element and the relay winding is connected through a contact of the relevant relay to either an intermediate conductor connected to the next switching stage, or a conductor of the second group.
  • a marker is connected to the marking conductors and to the conductors of the first group for selecting a free connecting path between a given conductor of the first group and a given conductor of the second group through free intermediate conductors.
  • the marker applies, for marking the selected connecting path, a marking voltage to the relevant conductor of the first group and to the marking conductors which are connected through the series-combination of a unidirectionally conductive element and a relay winding to either the intermediate conductors located in the selected connecting path, or the given conductor of the first group, so that the relays the windings of which are included in the selected connecting path are successively energized.
  • the conductors of the second group are connected through a path having a small direct-current resistance to a point of constant potential and, after closure of the relay contact connected to the given conductor of the second group, a voltage being applied to the given conductor of the first group such that the voltage of the given conductor of the first group and of the intermediate conductors decreases below the marking voltage of the marking conductors connected to said conductors through the series-combination of a unidirectionally conductive element and a relay winding and the relays thus keep energized.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 are to be placed side by side.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 forms part of a network of connections used in an automatic telephone exchange and which serves to establish connecting paths between inter alia subscribers line circuits, on the one hand, and output, input and local repeaters and registers or centralized devices of other kind, on the other hand.
  • Said connecting paths usually extend through a plurality of wires or conductors, namely through the line wires (aand b-wires) and through one or more control or signalling conductors (c, d etc. wires).
  • the figures show only the portion of the network relating to the control of the network, namely the portion relating to the building up and holding of a connecting path.
  • a connecting path is built up by means of a control conductor (c-wire) extending parallel to the line wires and which also serves to hold and interrupt the connecting path.
  • the line wires are switched through via contacts of the same relays as is the control conductor so that the network of telephone connections extends in parallel and is built up in quite an .analogus manner as the control position of the communication etwork. If desired, additional conductors, for example for the tax indication or four-wire transmission, may be put through.
  • FIG- URES 1 and 2 show in detail the portion of a fictive automatic telephone exchange relating to the control of the communication network for eight subscribers and eight repeaters or registers. This arrangement makes it possible for the advantages of the invention to be explained in a simple manner.
  • the arrangement shown in FIGURES l and 2 comprises two primary frames LF and LF each having connected to it four subscribers line circuits LS, and two secondary frames TF and TF to each of which four repeaters OV are connected. It is to be noted that switching elements of the same type are indicated by the same. denomination and that, in order to distinguish between switching elements of the same type, this denomination is followed by one or more indices.
  • the line circuit LS is thus an arbitrary one of the line circuits LS LS LS
  • a primary frame LF includes two A-switches and two B-switches, each A-switch in each primary frame being connected through one AB- conductor (link) to each B-switch.
  • the line circuits LS are connected to the A-switches or primary switches which are connected through the AB-conductors to the B-switches or secondary switches.
  • a secondary frame TS includes-two C-switches and two D-switches, each C-switch in a secondary frame being connected through one CD-conductor to each D-switch.
  • the repeaters are connected to the D-switches or secondary switches which are connected through the CD-conductors to the C-switches or primary switches.
  • each primary frame LF and each secondary frame TF a plurality of connecting paths are possible each extending through one BC-conductor (junctor).
  • each primary frame LP is connected through two BC-conductors to each secondary frame TE.
  • each B-switch in a primary frame is connected through a BC-conductoi" to one C-switch in each secondary frame.
  • a plurality of connecting paths are possible each extending through one AB-conductor, one BC-conductor and one CD-conductor, the number of connecting paths possible being equal to the number of BC-co'nductors between the primary and secondary frames.
  • Each switch comprises two groups of relatively parallel connecting paths which cross one another at four crossings, only one conductor of each connecting path, namely the control conductor (c-wire), being shown. Said groups are referred to for distinction as the vertical group and the horizontal group.
  • the vertical .group is shown in the vertical direction and the horizontal group in the horizontal direction.
  • the line circuits LS are connected to the vertical groups of the A-switches and the AB-conductors are connected to the horizontal groups of the A-switches and to the vertical groups of the B-switches.
  • Each .group includes two control conductors so that each conductor of the horizontal group may be connected to two conductors of the vertical group.
  • a network of connections for an automatic telephone exchange may have, for example, 4,600 subscribers and 800 repeaters or registers.
  • a communication network for such a telephone exchange comprises, for example, ten primary frames LF each including ten A-switches and ten B-switches, an A-switch having 40 connections in a vertical group and ten connections in a horizontal group.
  • the number of subscribers connections in each primary frame is then 400 and for the ten frames together 4,000.
  • the B-swi-tches have ten connections in a vertical group and ten connections in a secondary group.
  • the number of AB-condnctors in a primary frame is thus 100 and 100 BC-conductors are connected to a primary frame.
  • the network also comprises ten secondary frames TF each including ten C- switches and ten D-switches, a C-switch having ten on nections in a vertical group and ten connections in a horizontal group.
  • the number of BC-conductors connected to a secondary frame is then 100 so that each primary frame is connected to each secondary frame through ten BC-conductors.
  • a C-switch has ten connections in a vertical group and eight connections in a horizontal group.
  • the number of CD-conductors in a secondary frame is thus 100 and the number of repeater connections per secondary frame is 80 and for the secondary frames together 800.
  • a given connecting path through the communication network is characterized by a plurality of indices, namely:
  • (t) the number of the BC-conductor between the primary and secondary frames, which number is also equal to the number of the B-switch in the primary and the number of the C-switch in the secondary frame.
  • the line circuits are indicated by theindices p, a, m
  • the AB-conductors are indicated by the indices p, a, t and hence by AB p, a, t.
  • a vertical connection to a B-switch has the same number as the index a of the conductor AB p, a, t which is connected thereto, in other words the number of the vertical connection indicates which A-switch is coupled to this connection.
  • the BC-conductors are indicated by the indices p, s, t and hence by HG p, s, t.
  • a vertical connection to a C-switch has the same number as the index p of the conductor BC p, s, t which is connected thereto, in
  • the number of the vertical connection indicates which primary frame is coupled to this connection.
  • the CD-conductors are indicated by the indices s, d, a!v
  • CD .5, d, t The number of the vertical connection of a D-switch is the same as the index t of the conductor CD s, d, t which is connected thereto, in other words this number indicates which C-switch is coupled to this connection.
  • the repeaters are indicated by the indices s, d, n and hence by 0V .9, d, n.
  • the particular structure of the network of connections makes it possible in the above-described manner to describe the connecting paths through the network between a given line circuit LS p, a, m and a given repeater OV s, d, n with the indices of this line circuit and this repeater, hence with the indices p, a, m and s, d, n and an additional index 1 which indicates the number of the relevant connecting path.
  • control portion of the A, B, C and D-switches includes a horizontal and a vertical group of conductors which cross one another at a number of crossings equal to the product of the number of conductors in the two groups.
  • the crossings are indicated by K followed by the denomination of the relevant switch.
  • the crossings in the A-switches are indicated by the indices p, a, t, m and hence by KA p, a, t, m, in other words by the indices of the conductors AB p, a, t and the index m of the line circuit LS p, a, m,.
  • the crossings in the B-switches are indicated by the index of the conductors BC p, s, tand the index A of the conductors p, a, t and hence by KB p, s, t, a.
  • the crossings in the C-switches are indicated by the indices of the conductors CD s, d, t and the index p of the conductors BC 17, s, t and hence by KC s, d, t, p.
  • the crossings in the D-switches are indicated by the indices of the repeaters 0V s, d, n and the index I of the conductors CD .9, d, t and hence by RD S, d, n, t.
  • Each crossing between a conductor of a horizontal group and a conductor of a vertical group has associated with it the series-combination of a relay winding and a contact controlled by the relay, the relay including two or more further contacts (not shown) for switching through the line wires and any additional conductors.
  • the series-combination is connected through the relay winding to the conductor of the horizontal group and through the contact of the relay to the conductor of the vertical group.
  • a relay winding is indicated in the figures by R followed by the denomination of the switch and the contact of the relay is indicated by small letters.
  • the indication in the figures is followed by the indices corresponding to the relevant crossing. These indices are omitted in the figures for the sake of clarity.
  • the common point between a relay winding and a contact controlled by a relay is connected to a marking conductor through a unidirectionally conductive element, for example a diode, as shown in the drawings.
  • a unidirectionally conductive element for example a diode
  • the crossings of the A-switches having the same index m are connected through individual diodes to a common marking conductor ML, which is indicated and which thus give access to the same primary frame are connected through diodes to the common marking conductor MB s, p.
  • the crossings of the D- switches having the same index 1 and which thus give access to the same C-switch are connected through individual diodes to a common marking conductor MC s, t.
  • the marking conductors ML and ML may be connected together, as well as ML12 and M1422, MA11 and MA21, and MC12 and MC22.
  • a connecting path is established by means of a marker or marking element (not shown) which for this purpose has the disposal of the characteristic data of the repeater, namely the numbers s, d, n and the characteristic data of the line circuit, namely the numbers p, a, m.
  • the connecting path between the given repeater and the given line circuit is completely determined by said six indices except for the value of the index i, which index indicates the number of the connecting path.
  • the marker tests which AB, BC and CD-conductors located in the connecting paths entering into account are free.
  • a free conductor is characterized by the absence of a voltage or current on this conductor, whereas a busy conductor is characterized by the presence of a voltage or current.
  • the marker tests all the CD- conductors having the same indices s and d and hence all the conductors indicated by CD s, d, in other words the marker tests all the CD-conductors which are connected to the relevant D-switch in the secondary frame and selects the free conductors.
  • the marker tests all the AB-conductors having the same indices p and a and hence all the AB-conductors which are connected to the relevant A-switch in the primary frame, which conductors are indicated by AB p, a, and selects the free conductors.
  • the third index of the AB and CD-conductors is the index t. From each test follow certain values for this index, these values indicating which of the tested conductors AB 12, a and Cd s, d respectively are free.
  • the marker selects those values of the index t for which an AB-conductor as well as a CD- conductor are free and tests by these values of the index t whether a conductor BC p, s, t is free. After a free BC-conductor has been found, the index I is also fixed and the connecting path completely determined.
  • the connecting path thus selected is indicated by thick lines.
  • the relays RD s, d, n, t; RC s, d, t, p; RB p, s, t, a and RA p, a, t, m must be energized.
  • the marker marks all the crossings which are connected to the marking conductors MC s, t; MB s, p; MA p, a; ML 2, m and the repeater OV s, d, n.
  • the portion of the repeater which is important in this example is shown in the figure and comprises the seriescombination of a make contact m and a resistor W bridged by a break contact he, which seriescombination is connected to the negative terminal of a battery (not shown) having a voltage of, for example 48 volts.
  • a repeater is marked by closing the mcontact so that a voltage of 48 volts is set up across the relevant horizontal connection of the D-switch.
  • the marker applies a voltage of, for example 38 volts to marking conductor MC, a voltage of -28 volts to marking conductor MB, a voltage of 18 voltsv to marking conductor MA, and a voltage of 8 volts to marking conductor ML.
  • the marker applies marking voltages of the specified values to the marking conductors MC12, MBll, MA11, ML12 and closes the contact m in the repeater OV112.
  • the relay windings RD1122, RC1121, RB1121 and RA1122, located in the connecting path and indicated by thick lines, are now successively energized, starting with relay RD1122.
  • the difference voltage of +10 volts set up by marking conductor MC12 and repeater OV112 across the series-combination of a diode and the relay winding RD1122 and active in the forward direction of the diode energizes the relay which then closes the contact rd which is connected in series with the relay winding.
  • Conductor CD112 thus acquires a voltage equal to the voltage of marking conductor MC12 and hence a voltage of 38 volts.
  • the difference voltage applied by conductor CD112 and marking conductor MBll across the seriescombination of a diode and the winding of relay RC1121 energizes this relay which then closes the contact rc which is connected in series with the relay winding, resulting in conductor B112 acquiring a voltage equal to that of marking conductor MC11 and hence a voltage of 28 volts.
  • the difference voltage active between conductor BC112. and marking conductor MA11 then energizes the relay RBllZl, resulting in conductor AB112 acquiring via the relay contact rb a voltage equal to that or marking conductor MA11 and hence a voltage of l8 volts.
  • the difference voltage active between conductor AB112 and marking conductor ML12 energizes the relay RA1122, which then closes the relay contact ra.
  • the vertical connections of the A-switches are connected through the dotted connections to a point of constant potential, for example to ground.
  • the marker removes the marking voltages from the marking conductors and the break contact he in the repeater OV112 is opened, resulting in resistor W being included in series-combination in the selected connecting path.
  • resistor W is adjusted so that the voltage on the horizontal connection of the D-switch becomes smaller in absolute value than the marking voltage applied to the marking conductors MC during marking and that also the voltage of the CD-conductor, the BC-conductor and the AB-conductor respectively becomes lower in absolute value than the marking voltage of the marking conductors MB, the marking conductors MA and the marking conductors ML respectively.
  • the voltage on the horizontal connection of the D-switch is adjusted to -24 volts, so that the CD-conductor, the BC-conductor and the AB-conductor acquire voltages of 18 volts, 12 volts and 6 volts, respectively, which voltages are lower in absolute value than the marking voltages of the said marking conductors, which are '38 volts, -28 volts, 18 volts and 8 volts respectively.
  • the voltage drop across a relay winding is 10 volts during the marking of a connecting path and the voltage decreases to 6 volts after switching in the resistor W, which voltage suffices for keeping the relay energized.
  • the relay windings included in a connecting path in series with an m-contact included in the repeater are kept energized through the same windings which are used for energizing the relays so that in the specified arrangement an additional holding winding and an additional holding contact may be economized at each crossing of a switch.
  • Such an economy is considerable in communication networks of a volume that occurs in practice and also results in a greatly simplified structure of the network.
  • the diodes which are connected in each case through a relay winding to either the connection of a repeater the CD, BC and AB-conductors located in a connecting path already built up such as the diodes at the crossings KD1121, KC1122, KB1122 and KA1121 in the example shown, when marking voltages are applied to the marking conductors MC11, MB12, MA12 and ML11 connected to these diodes, are controlled into the cut-01f direction by the dif Schl-ce voltage between marking conductor MC11 and repeater connection OV112, between marking conductor MB12 and conductor CD112, between marking conductor MA12 and conductor BC112, and between marking conductor ML11 and conductor AB112 respectively, so that double connections during building up of another connection cannot occur.
  • an automatic switching network comprising a first group of terminals, :1 second group of terminals, a. plurality of switching stages, and a plurality of conductors interconnecting said terminals and switching stages to provide a plurality of channels between any terminal of said first group and any terminal of said second group, each channel extending through each switching stage, each switching stage comprising a plurality of crosspoint switch means, each crosspoint switch means comprising diodev means and a relay having a winding and a pair of contacts, each said stage having marker conductor means, means serially connecting said diode means and winding between said marker conductor means and a conductor extending toward said first group of terminals from the respective stage, and means connecting each pair of relay contacts between the junction of the diode and winding of the respective relay and a conductor extending toward said second group of terminals from the respective stage, means for selectively applying marking potentials between one terminal of said first group and a marking conductor of each stage, whereby a relay of each stage is energized by way
  • An automatic switching network comprising a first group of terminals, a second group of terminals, a plurality of switching stages sequentially arranged between said first and second groups of terminals, each switching stage comprising a plurality of cross-point switch means and having at least one marking conductor, a plurality of channel conductors interconnecting said terminals of said first group, said switching stages and terminals of said second group, whereby a plurality of channels are provided between any terminal of said first group and any terminal of said second group by way of a cross-point switch means of each stage, the cross-point switch means in each said stage corresponding to a channel between a terminal of said first group and a terminal of said second group comprising a relay having a winding and a pair of contacts, diode means, means serially connecting said diode means and winding in that order between a marking conductor and a channel conductor extending toward said terminal of said second group, and means connecting said contacts between the junction of said winding and diode means and a channel conductor extending toward said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Structure Of Telephone Exchanges (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
US278035A 1962-05-04 1963-05-06 Arrangement for automatic switching systems Expired - Lifetime US3294920A (en)

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NL278092 1962-05-04

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US3294920A true US3294920A (en) 1966-12-27

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US (1) US3294920A (da)
AT (1) AT238776B (da)
BE (1) BE631825A (da)
CH (1) CH401166A (da)
DE (1) DE1218539B (da)
DK (1) DK107237C (da)
ES (1) ES287597A1 (da)
GB (1) GB979515A (da)
NL (1) NL278092A (da)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499123A (en) * 1965-11-18 1970-03-03 Automatic Telephone & Elect Group selecting arrangement for automatic telephone systems using crosspoint relay matrix switches
US3519754A (en) * 1965-11-17 1970-07-07 Int Standard Electric Corp Control circuit for multistage crosspoint network
US3576949A (en) * 1967-01-23 1971-05-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Multistage switching network employing cascaded three-terminal crosspoints
US3646276A (en) * 1970-12-22 1972-02-29 Int Standard Electric Corp Automatic switching system, selecting system and check circuits
US3679897A (en) * 1969-08-28 1972-07-25 Trw Inc Laser bombardment of microparticle beam for producing atomic particles in the form of a beam or an expanding cloud

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1244872B (de) * 1965-09-30 1967-07-20 Telefonbau Schaltungsanordnung fuer Koppelfelder in Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechvermittlungsanlagen
DE1291793B (de) * 1966-11-02 1969-04-03 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer eine regelmaessige, mehrstufige Koppelanordnung
DE1296214B (de) * 1967-02-27 1969-05-29 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer Fernmeldeanlagen, insbesondere Fernsprechvermittlungsanlagen mit mehrstufigen Koppeleinrichtungen

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1086283B (de) * 1959-02-19 1960-08-04 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechanlagen mit Relaiskopplern
DE1086284B (de) * 1959-02-19 1960-08-04 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechanlagen mit Relaiskopplern

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519754A (en) * 1965-11-17 1970-07-07 Int Standard Electric Corp Control circuit for multistage crosspoint network
US3499123A (en) * 1965-11-18 1970-03-03 Automatic Telephone & Elect Group selecting arrangement for automatic telephone systems using crosspoint relay matrix switches
US3576949A (en) * 1967-01-23 1971-05-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Multistage switching network employing cascaded three-terminal crosspoints
US3679897A (en) * 1969-08-28 1972-07-25 Trw Inc Laser bombardment of microparticle beam for producing atomic particles in the form of a beam or an expanding cloud
US3646276A (en) * 1970-12-22 1972-02-29 Int Standard Electric Corp Automatic switching system, selecting system and check circuits

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Publication number Publication date
AT238776B (de) 1965-02-25
NL278092A (da)
BE631825A (da)
ES287597A1 (es) 1963-06-16
DK107237C (da) 1967-05-08
DE1218539B (de) 1966-06-08
CH401166A (de) 1965-10-31
GB979515A (en) 1965-01-06

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