US3285240A - Industrial gas burner - Google Patents

Industrial gas burner Download PDF

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Publication number
US3285240A
US3285240A US381875A US38187564A US3285240A US 3285240 A US3285240 A US 3285240A US 381875 A US381875 A US 381875A US 38187564 A US38187564 A US 38187564A US 3285240 A US3285240 A US 3285240A
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United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
combustion
tube portion
tube
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US381875A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schmidt Theodor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Indugas Gesellschaft fur Industrielle Gasverwendung MbH
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Indugas Ges Fur Ind Gasverwend
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to industrial gas burners and, more particularly, to industrial burners of the type in which a generally axial jet of fuel gas is surrounded by a combustion-sustaining gas discharged from a plurality of orifices around this jet for mixture with the fuel and subsequent combustion.
  • Such burners are frequently employed with radiant tubes in which the combustible fuel and air/oxygen are burned, the tube separating the combustion products from the furnace atmosphere.
  • Industrial gas burners of this type are generally used in annealing ovens or the like wherein the radiant heat of the tube impinges directly upon the article to be heated or serves to heat an auxiliary body which, in turn, radiates heat to the workpiece. It has been proposed heretofore to provide means whereby the products of combustion are withdrawn from the radiant heater via an exhaust duct. In general, however, such burners have been relatively complex and diflicult to operate.
  • an industrial burner which comprises a central fuel-inlet tube whose orifice forms a fuel-injection nozzle opening into a combustion chamber.
  • a coaxial second tube surrounds the first and defines an annular duct for the combustion-sustaining gas which is introduced into the chamber in the form of a sheath surrounding the fuel stream or jet.
  • a protective sheath or sleeve of heat-conducted material is provided around the fuel-delivery tubes and is in heat-conducting relationship with the heat-transfer means (e.g. vanes or fins).
  • Yet a further object of this invention is to provide an industrial gas burner in which the fuel and air streams are discharged substantially in coaxial relationship, but which constitutes a significant advance over earlier burner assemblies.
  • the resulting flame is highly stable and uniform all around the axis and that this stability is a consequence of the discharge of the combustion-sustaining gas around the central fuel jet along the straight-line generatrices of the hyperboloidal surface.
  • the advantageous results of the present invention are not obtained when the individual streams are directed toward the axis in a conical flow or when the orifices discharge the streams tangentially with respect to an imaginary cylindrical or conical surface in conventional cyclonic or vortex burners.
  • the discovery upon which the present invention is based is particularly significant when the burner constitutes part of an assembly including a radiation tube into which the orifices for the combustion-sustaining gas and the nozzle discharge.
  • the radiation tube can be composed of two coaxial members including an inner cylindrical envelope or sleeve surrounding the hyperboloidal surface. This tube can have an open extremity remote from the burner mouth from which the exhaust gases emerge and pass into the outer tube which defines an exhaust duct between itself and the inner tube.
  • the inner tube can also be perforated along that portion of its length which is remote from the burner mouth to permit the combustion gases to pass into the exhaust duct.
  • each of the orifices from which emerge the streams of the combustion-sustaining gas along the straight-line generatrices is provided in a surface extending perpendicular to the respective generatrix with the orifice bored perpendicularly therethrough.
  • a plurality of these surfaces are thus disposed about the axis of the burner with angular spacing between the surfaces.
  • These individual surfaces may be separated from one another by nonapertured surfaces, all of the surfaces together defining a frustoconically outwardly concave burner mouth whose central passage forms a nozzle for the fuel.
  • each of the orifice surfaces is generally planar and inclined to an axial plane of the burner through the junction between each orifice surface and an adjacent imperforate surface, it is an important feature of this invention that the alternating arrangement of the surfaces be constituted as an annular corrugation with angular junctions between the individual surfaces.
  • the discharge means will be formed alternatingly with generally radial ridges and troughs with an orifice surface and an imperforate surface defining each of the ridges.
  • the ridges are geometrically congruent although, according to this invention, the orifice surface and the imperforate surface of each ridge are inclined at different angles to the respective axial plane through the junction or ridge.
  • the surfaces can thus be sectoral in axial projection with different axial areas.
  • the orifices are thus formed in correspondinglyoriented surfaces of each ridge and preferably are disposed along one or more circles centered upon the axis of the burner.
  • the advantages of such a structure derive from the geometrical orientation of the combustion-sustaining gas stream which produce stable flames over a considerable axial length as compared with earlier burner flames.
  • the hyperboloidal configuration of the sheath of combustion-sustaining gas markedly increases the effective length of the stable flame surrounded by this sheath.
  • the fact that the combustion-sustaining gas flows along generatrices of the hyperboloidal surface imparts to the sheath a rotation about its axis which ensures that the heat will be distributed uniformly over the circumference of the radiation tube.
  • the burner head provided with the annular array of corrugations can be produced in a simple and inexpensive manner by casting or pressing. The head can be inserted into the inner portion of the radiation tube and can receive the air-supply duct and the heat shield of the burner assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view through a burner assembly according to this invention, showing the assembly mounted in a wall of an annealing furnace;
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the burner head taken in the direction of arrow II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIIIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the mouth of the burner assembly showing the hyperboloid of revolution along whose generatrices the combustion-sustaining gas streams are oriented.
  • FIG. 1 I show a burner assembly in which the industrial gas burner is similar to that described and claimed in the copending application Ser. No. 123,883, referred to above.
  • the burner assembly shown in FIG. 1 is mounted in the wall 30 of an annealing furnace within a radiation tube 1 consisting of an outer tubular portion 31 and an inner tubular portion defining with the tube 31 a clearance constituting an annular exhaust duct 12.
  • radiation tube 1 is fitted into wall 30 and has its free.
  • the burner" opening into the radiation tube 1 comprises a central fuel-supply tube 3 terminating in a nozzle 35 adapted to discharge a jet of fuel axially into the inner tube'portion 10 of the radiation tube 1.
  • a combustion-sustaining-gas duct 20 Coaxially surrounding the fuel-supply pipe 3 is a combustion-sustaining-gas duct 20 which is supplied with oxygen, air and mixtures thereof with other fluids via a connecting pipe 7, a fuel-delivery tube 8 communicating with pipe 3.
  • the burner head 2 is mounted upon pipes 20 and 3 while a heat shield 9 is disposed between pipe 3 and the tube 20 so as to define with the latter an annular compartment 36 through which the combustion-sustaining gas passes to the openings or orifices 6 in the burner head.
  • the outer tube portion 31 of the radiation tube 1 can extend through wall 30 and be integral withthe outer tube 37 of the burner assembly which defines the exhaust duct 38 with tube 20.
  • An exhaust pipe 13 removes the waste gases from the system, these gases being drawn from duct 12 through the duct 38 communicating therewith.
  • the heat-conductive shield 9 has afiixed thereto a plurality of vanes or fins 14 extending through pipe 20 into the exhaust duct 38 and passing through the air duct 36.
  • vanes 14 function as heat-exchanging means deriving sensible heat from the exhaust gas and employing it to raise the temperature of the combustion-sustaining gas. Excessive heating of the fuel-supply tube 3 is prevented by terminating the vanes at the shield 9.
  • a ring of low thermal conductivity may be interposed between the nozzle 35 and the burner head 2.
  • Any combustion heat latent in the exhaust gas can also be used for preheating the combustionsustaining gas by, for example, injecting oxygen into the exhaust duct 38 as described in the aforementioned copending application to burn combustible substances present in the waste gases.
  • the latter can be drawn from the radiation tube 1 by the reduce-d pressure of a conventional flue system or via the Venturi technique of said copending application.
  • the orifies 6 discharge the preheated air or oxygen into the inner tube 10 wherein it combines with the fuel introduced at nozzle 35.
  • the heat of combustion raises the temperature of tube 10 and thus of outer tube 31 by radiation and conduction (e.g. via the gases in duct 12).
  • the inner tube 10 can be perforated as indicated in dot-dash lines at 39 to permit the flow of exhaust gases generally radially (arrows 11) into the outer tube 31.
  • the free end of tube 10, remote from the burner mouth 2 may be open at 40 to permit the exhaust gases to flow into duct 12 as indicated by the arrows 41. In either case, the hot exhaust gases further heat the outer members 31.
  • the radiant energy of tube 31 then heats objects within the furnace. Exhaust gases are drawn to pipe 13 from duct 12.
  • the burner head 2 has a tapering outer periphery 43 which enables the head to be friction-fitted into tube 10 While another tapered surface 44 permits the frictional engagement of tube 20.
  • a tapered boss 45 provided with the central aperture 5 of head 2, receives the heat shield 9 while nozzle 35 is inserted into the central bore 5.
  • the axis 16 of the burner head is also the axis of the radiation tube 1 and the center of the flow line of the fuel jet.
  • the orifices 6 are so oriented that they discharge their individual streams of air (represented by lines 15) along respective generatnces of a hyperboloid of revolution centered on the axis 16 as best seen in FIG. 4.
  • the straight-line generatrices shown at 15 are skew to the axis 16 of the hyperboloid which they define according to well-known geometric principles.
  • a comparison of FIGS. 1 and 4 shows that the geometrical center C of the hyperboloid is located within the solid portion of inner tube 10 which extends for several diameters beyond the nozzle 2.
  • the orifices 6 are provided in the frustoconically outwardly concave mouth of the burner which is of generally corrugated configuration having alternating generally radial ridges 17 and troughs 18. As indicated by the axial projection of the flat surfaces defining these ridges and troughs (FIG.
  • each ridge 17 is defined by an imperforate surface a and an orifice surface [2 which angularly adjoin at the respective ridge 18 but are inclined to an axial plane through the burner head and that ridge at different angles.
  • the surfaces a and b thus are sectoral with different angular extents.
  • the ridges with their respective surfaces are, however, of similar configuration in all cases.
  • the orifices 6 are provided in the surfaces b of similar orientation and have their axis perpendicular to the respective surfaces which thus are perpendicular to the respective generatrix of the hyperboloidal surface.
  • the orifices 6 lie on a common circle 19 centered on this axis although additional orifices (6 in FIG. 2) can be provided along other circles '19 concentric therewith.
  • the hyperboloidal sheath of combus- 'tion-containing gas thus emerging from the burner-head 2 provides a stable flame even when the throughput of fuel and air is a fraction of that normally required and insures that a rotary movement will be imparted both to the flame and to the exhaust gases of such nature that uniform heating of the inner tube and the outer tube 21 takes place.
  • the hyperboloidal sheath moreover sustains an extraordinary long flame, thereby preventing localized overheating and burn-through of tube 10.
  • An industrial burner comprising a radiation tube constituted by an inner tube portion and an outer tube portion, said outer tube portion coxially surrounding said inner tube portion with intervening clearance; a nozzle extending transversely across said inner tube portion; first inlet means for admitting a fuel stream to a central region of said nozzle; second inlet means for admitting a combustion-sustaining gas to an annular region of said nozzle surrounding said central region, said nozzle having a central aperture for the passage of said fuel stream and at least one circular array of orifices for the passage of said gas, the axes of said orifices being skew to the tube axis and representing straight-line generatrices of a hyperboloid of revolution centered on the tube axis, said inner tube portion extending forwardly from said nozzle for several diameters thereof and communicating with said outer tube portion at a location beyond the geometrical center of said hyperboloid whereby exhaust gases .from the combustion of a mixture of said fuel stream with said combustion-sustaining gas can reach said clearance; and an outlet for said
  • annular region includes orifice surfaces separated by imperforate surfaces defining with them an annular array of corrugations with generally radial ridges and troughs defined by pairs of adjoining orifice and imperforate surfaces, said orifice surfaces being similarly oriented.
  • each pair of orifice and imperforate surfaces adjoining at a respective ridge are geometrically congruent and are inclined at different angles to a respective axial plane of said tube which includes the respective ridge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
US381875A 1963-07-10 1964-07-10 Industrial gas burner Expired - Lifetime US3285240A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEJ0024029 1963-07-10

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US (1) US3285240A (it)
AT (1) AT251166B (it)
BE (1) BE650222A (it)
NL (1) NL6407769A (it)
SE (1) SE312393B (it)

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617038A (en) * 1968-11-18 1971-11-02 Chemie Linz Ag Apparatus for the continuous dehydration of aluminum fluoride hydrates
US3688760A (en) * 1970-12-09 1972-09-05 Bloom Eng Co Inc Radiant tube assembly
US3735930A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-05-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel injection nozzle
US4038022A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-07-26 Blackman Calvin C In-furnace recuperator
FR2363056A1 (fr) * 1976-08-24 1978-03-24 Birfield Trasmissioni Bruleur pour tube radiant
US4090491A (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-05-23 Ballentine Earle W Ceramic glass burner
US4094297A (en) * 1976-02-02 1978-06-13 Ballentine Earle W Ceramic-glass burner
FR2403518A1 (fr) * 1977-09-19 1979-04-13 Aichelin Fa J Bruleur pour le chauffage de chambres de fours industriels
US4373903A (en) * 1979-11-29 1983-02-15 Aichelin Gmbh Burner system
US4373702A (en) * 1981-05-14 1983-02-15 Holcroft & Company Jet impingement/radiant heating apparatus
US4419074A (en) * 1981-09-11 1983-12-06 Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc. High efficiency gas burner
US4493309A (en) * 1982-09-29 1985-01-15 British Gas Corporation Fuel fired heating element
US4559312A (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-12-17 Kennecott Corporation Sintering or reaction sintering process for ceramic or refractory materials using plasma arc gases
US4809672A (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-03-07 Alzeta Corporation Gas-fired bayonet-type heater
US4877396A (en) * 1988-01-15 1989-10-31 Ws Warmeprozesstechnik Gmbh Industrial burner with cylindrical ceramic recuperative air preheater
US5241949A (en) * 1993-02-17 1993-09-07 Eclipse, Inc. Recuperative radiant tube heating system especially adapted for use with butane
US5882184A (en) * 1996-08-05 1999-03-16 The Boc Group Plc Low emission swirl burner
US5944507A (en) * 1997-05-07 1999-08-31 The Boc Group Plc Oxy/oil swirl burner
US6142765A (en) * 1995-09-07 2000-11-07 Vost-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Process for burning fuel
US20050014102A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2005-01-20 Wolfgang Harbeck Recuperator burner including recuperator
WO2009048629A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Garland Commercial Industries Llc Venturi housing assembly and method
US20100014378A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2010-01-21 Lueder Strahmann Mixing and/or turbulent mixing device and method
ITMO20080324A1 (it) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Ancora Spa Attrezzatura per il trattamento termico di manufatti, particolarmente in materiale ceramico
WO2010069706A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-24 Ancora S.P.A. Apparatus for thermal treatment of manufactured articles, particularly made of ceramic material
US20110061642A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2011-03-17 Saint-Gobain Glass France Low-nox gas injector
US20110250552A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2011-10-13 Soichiro Kato Combustor
US20190255605A1 (en) * 2016-10-28 2019-08-22 Tounetsu Co., Ltd. Immersion-Type Burner Heater and Molten-Metal Holding Furnace

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3017618C2 (de) * 1980-05-08 1985-08-08 Joachim Dr.-Ing. 7250 Leonberg Wünning Öl- oder gasbeheizter Brenner für Industrieöfen oder dergleichen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2190190A (en) * 1938-03-19 1940-02-13 Peabody Engineering Corp Fuel burner
US2391447A (en) * 1942-10-15 1945-12-25 Edge Dexter Radiant heater
US2567485A (en) * 1948-04-09 1951-09-11 Meyerhofer G M B H Gas-burner head with high-pressure air jets
US2665748A (en) * 1949-05-27 1954-01-12 Frank H Cornelius Fuel burner
DE1074802B (de) * 1960-02-04 Jean Nassheuer, Industrieofenbau und Elektrotechnik, Troisdorf (Bez. Köln) Strahlheizrohr für Industrieöfen
US3022815A (en) * 1958-03-31 1962-02-27 Bloom Eng Co Inc Burner mechanism
US3163202A (en) * 1960-07-19 1964-12-29 Indugas Ges Fur Ind Gasverwend Burner for industrial furnaces and the like

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1074802B (de) * 1960-02-04 Jean Nassheuer, Industrieofenbau und Elektrotechnik, Troisdorf (Bez. Köln) Strahlheizrohr für Industrieöfen
US2190190A (en) * 1938-03-19 1940-02-13 Peabody Engineering Corp Fuel burner
US2391447A (en) * 1942-10-15 1945-12-25 Edge Dexter Radiant heater
US2567485A (en) * 1948-04-09 1951-09-11 Meyerhofer G M B H Gas-burner head with high-pressure air jets
US2665748A (en) * 1949-05-27 1954-01-12 Frank H Cornelius Fuel burner
US3022815A (en) * 1958-03-31 1962-02-27 Bloom Eng Co Inc Burner mechanism
US3163202A (en) * 1960-07-19 1964-12-29 Indugas Ges Fur Ind Gasverwend Burner for industrial furnaces and the like

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617038A (en) * 1968-11-18 1971-11-02 Chemie Linz Ag Apparatus for the continuous dehydration of aluminum fluoride hydrates
US3735930A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-05-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel injection nozzle
US3688760A (en) * 1970-12-09 1972-09-05 Bloom Eng Co Inc Radiant tube assembly
US4038022A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-07-26 Blackman Calvin C In-furnace recuperator
US4094297A (en) * 1976-02-02 1978-06-13 Ballentine Earle W Ceramic-glass burner
FR2363056A1 (fr) * 1976-08-24 1978-03-24 Birfield Trasmissioni Bruleur pour tube radiant
US4166443A (en) * 1976-08-24 1979-09-04 Birfield Trasmissioni S.P.A. Jet pipe burner
US4090491A (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-05-23 Ballentine Earle W Ceramic glass burner
FR2403518A1 (fr) * 1977-09-19 1979-04-13 Aichelin Fa J Bruleur pour le chauffage de chambres de fours industriels
US4298333A (en) * 1977-09-19 1981-11-03 J. Aichelin Industrial heating installation and method of operation
US4373903A (en) * 1979-11-29 1983-02-15 Aichelin Gmbh Burner system
US4373702A (en) * 1981-05-14 1983-02-15 Holcroft & Company Jet impingement/radiant heating apparatus
US4419074A (en) * 1981-09-11 1983-12-06 Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc. High efficiency gas burner
US4493309A (en) * 1982-09-29 1985-01-15 British Gas Corporation Fuel fired heating element
US4559312A (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-12-17 Kennecott Corporation Sintering or reaction sintering process for ceramic or refractory materials using plasma arc gases
WO1989003497A1 (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-20 Alzeta Corporation Gas-fired bayonet-type heater
US4809672A (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-03-07 Alzeta Corporation Gas-fired bayonet-type heater
US4877396A (en) * 1988-01-15 1989-10-31 Ws Warmeprozesstechnik Gmbh Industrial burner with cylindrical ceramic recuperative air preheater
US5241949A (en) * 1993-02-17 1993-09-07 Eclipse, Inc. Recuperative radiant tube heating system especially adapted for use with butane
US6142765A (en) * 1995-09-07 2000-11-07 Vost-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Process for burning fuel
US5882184A (en) * 1996-08-05 1999-03-16 The Boc Group Plc Low emission swirl burner
US5944507A (en) * 1997-05-07 1999-08-31 The Boc Group Plc Oxy/oil swirl burner
US20050014102A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2005-01-20 Wolfgang Harbeck Recuperator burner including recuperator
US20100014378A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2010-01-21 Lueder Strahmann Mixing and/or turbulent mixing device and method
US20090142719A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-06-04 Garland Commercial Industries Llc Venturi housing assembly and method
WO2009048629A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Garland Commercial Industries Llc Venturi housing assembly and method
AU2008311275B2 (en) * 2007-10-10 2012-03-01 Garland Commercial Industries Llc Venturi housing assembly and method
US9651247B2 (en) 2007-10-10 2017-05-16 Garland Commercial Industries L.L.C. Venturi housing assembly and method
US20110061642A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2011-03-17 Saint-Gobain Glass France Low-nox gas injector
US20110250552A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2011-10-13 Soichiro Kato Combustor
US9039408B2 (en) * 2008-12-10 2015-05-26 Ihi Corporation Combustor with a combustion region between an inner pipe and outer pipe with an ignition device upstream of the combustion region
ITMO20080324A1 (it) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Ancora Spa Attrezzatura per il trattamento termico di manufatti, particolarmente in materiale ceramico
WO2010069706A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-24 Ancora S.P.A. Apparatus for thermal treatment of manufactured articles, particularly made of ceramic material
US20190255605A1 (en) * 2016-10-28 2019-08-22 Tounetsu Co., Ltd. Immersion-Type Burner Heater and Molten-Metal Holding Furnace
US11020796B2 (en) * 2016-10-28 2021-06-01 Tounetsu Co., Ltd. Immersion-type burner heater and molten-metal holding furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT251166B (de) 1966-12-27
NL6407769A (it) 1965-01-11
BE650222A (it) 1964-11-03
SE312393B (it) 1969-07-14

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