US3253922A - Anti-static treatment for photographic products on polyethylene coated paper - Google Patents

Anti-static treatment for photographic products on polyethylene coated paper Download PDF

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Publication number
US3253922A
US3253922A US138556A US13855661A US3253922A US 3253922 A US3253922 A US 3253922A US 138556 A US138556 A US 138556A US 13855661 A US13855661 A US 13855661A US 3253922 A US3253922 A US 3253922A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
paper
polyethylene
photographic
antistatic
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US138556A
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English (en)
Inventor
Franklin Y Chu
Frank B Spelbrink
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB1019664D priority Critical patent/GB1019664A/en
Priority to BE622442D priority patent/BE622442A/xx
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US138556A priority patent/US3253922A/en
Priority to DE1422865A priority patent/DE1422865C3/de
Priority to FR909650A priority patent/FR1335296A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3253922A publication Critical patent/US3253922A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
    • G03C1/79—Macromolecular coatings or impregnations therefor, e.g. varnishes

Definitions

  • Static charges have caused considerable trouble by causing static markings on sensitized photographic products. These charges may be produced by the friction of photographic products moving over rollers by the separation of emulsion from the backing side of paper upon the unrolling of a large roll of paper. When the static is discharged, the discharge is manifested as irregular fog patterns in the emulsion after it has been developed.
  • these antistatic coatings have the possibility of interfering with subsequent coatings on the polyethylene surface due to physical transfer, repellency, or chemical or photographic activity. In addition, they were subject to being disturbed due to rubbing the surface of the polyethylene, passage over handling means of various types and the like.
  • antistatic agents can be added to the paper itself prior to being coated with the polymeric coating such as polyethylene and that the antistatic character of the paper is improved so that it can be suitably used for photographic purposes.
  • One object of this invention is to provide an antistatic treatment for photographic paper having a coating of polyethylene.
  • a further object is to provide a method of treating photographic paper so that it can be subsequently coated with a synthetic organic thermoplastic coating and which will be resistant to the accumulation of static charges.
  • An additional object is to provide a photographic paper which has an antistatic treatment thereon which will not interfere with the sensitivity, or the like, of the subsequently coated silver halide emulsion.
  • the above objects are obtained by incorporating the antistatic agent in the photographic paper either by coating it on the paper base itself or by incorporating it into 3,253,922 Patented May 3 1, 1966 the paper tub sizing solutions while the paper is being made.
  • the paper so treated is then coated with a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or the like on one or both sides forming a barrier between the antistatic coating and the photographic emulsion but at the same time providing antistatic characteristics for the photographic paper.
  • a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or the like
  • the choice of whether one or both sides of the paper is coated with polyethylene depends on the purpose for which the paper is intended and also on the possible photographic activity of the antistatic coating. For instance, if an antistatic agent is used which has a photographic action, it is desirable to coat the paper on both sides with polyethylene.
  • Polyethylene coated paper having the antistatic treatment on the paper base may be subsequently treated to obtain adhesion of the photographic emulsion.
  • the method known in the art for treating the polyethylene surface may advantageously be used without in any way affecting the antistatic properties of the paper. These methods include electron bombardment, flame treatment, oxidation using sulfuric acid-bichromate solution, peroxides and the like, subbing using colloidal silica, colloidal zioconia, or incorporating silica of larger than colloidal size in the polyethylene surface. Other methods than those already disclosed may be used.
  • the antistatic agent used in our preferred embodiment is the sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid which may be coated from an aqueous solution.
  • antistatic agents may include various salts, such simple salts as sodium sulfate and the like salts of organic compounds, such as the alkali metal and ammonium salts of the condensation products of an aldehyde such as formaldehyde with naphthalene sulfonic acids; organic antistatic agents, such as triethanolamine oleate, triethanolamine stearate, and various polyalkylene polyamine derivatives.
  • Oxyalkylene amine derivatives of phosphorous, polyacrylyoxyalkyl trialkyl ammonium alkylsulfate salts, diethanolamine salts of phosphate esters, and the like may also be used.
  • the polyethylene or thermoplastic coating is on only one side, it will be clear that the materials which rely on their ability to absorb moisture may also be operative. These include such materials as hydroxy ethers, polyhydroxy alcohols, and the like.
  • thermoplastic material may range as high as 2.0 mil in thickness. However, our preferred range is 0.4-0.6 mil of polyethylene or other organic thermoplastic material.
  • the antistatic agent may be incorporated in various means, so that the solvent if one is required is not important.
  • the electrical characteristics of the final dried down material are the important criteria of operatability. Aqueous solutions are generally preferred because of the ease of adapting them to manufacturing operations. However, this does not rule out organic solvents or hot melt coatings.
  • the amount of electrostatic agent incorporated in the paper depends on the type of antistatic agent.
  • the sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid can be surface coated in an 8.5% aqueous solution to give a resulting content of 0.6l.5 pounds per 1000 sq. ft. of paper stock which is adequate when the paper is subsequently overcoated with polyethylene films on both sides.
  • EXAMPLE 1 An 8.5% aqueous solution of a sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid was surface coated on a 25-lb. per 1000 sq. ft. paper stock to obtain a coverage of 0.6 pounds per 1000 sq. -ft. and a resulting surface resistance of 9 10 ohms. at 20% RH. This paper was then extrusion coated with 0.4 mil of polyethylene on each side of the paper base. This resulted in a surface resistance greater than 1 1O ohms, the same as plain polyethylene film. In the same series being tested, the effect of various degrees of electrical conductants coated on the internal paper stock were compared, and this was further compared to a conventional coating of antistatic material on the polyethylene surface.
  • Letter A below was the internally antistatic treated material.
  • Letter B used an untreated paper base, but the same antistatic material as in Letter A as a surface coating on one side of the polyethylene paper combination.
  • Letter C used a carbon black loaded stock as the internal sheet.
  • Component surface resistances in ohms at 20% RH. were as follows:
  • EXAMPLE 2 A 15% aqueous solution of a sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid, was used as a tub size to treat a 25- lb. per 1000 sq. ft. paper stock to obtain a coating of 1 pound per 1000 sq. ft. The resulting surface resistance was 5 10 ohrns at 20% RH. This paper stockwas B then extrusion coated with 0.4 mil of polyethylene on each side of the paper base, With a resulting surface resistance of greater than 1 10 ohms. The finished material was tested by running it in contact with phenolic rollers at various speeds and the strength of the electrostatic field thus generated was measured, as indicated as follows in Table II.
  • Polyethylene is a preferred coating composition, but other polymeric materials may be used including the poly-alpha-olefins having 2-10 carbon atoms for example polyethylene and polypropylene, and organic synthetic thermoplastic materials such as polyesters, polyamides, polyacetals, polycarbonates, cellulose derivatives, such as cellulose esters and ethers, and the like.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base, an antistatic agent incorporated therein and on at least one side of the paper base, a synthetic polymer coating free of antistatic agent selected from the class consisting of poly-a-olefins, polyesters, polyamides, polyacetals, polycarbonates, cellulose esters and cellulose ethers and a photographic emulsion on the coated paper.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base, an antistatic agent incorporated therein, a polyethylene coating free of antistatic :agent on at least one side of the paper base, and a photographic emulsion on the coated paper.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base, an antistatic agent incorporated therein, a polyethylene coating free of antistatic agent on at least one side of the paper base, and a photographic emulsion on the coated paper adhered to the polyethylene coating.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base, an antistatic agent incorporated therein, a polypropylene coating free of antistatic agent on at least one side of the paper base and a photographic emulsion on the coated paper.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base, an antistatic agent incorporated therein, a polypropylene coating free of antistatic agent on at least one side of the paper base and a photographic emulsion on'the coated paper adhered to the polypropylene coating.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base, an antistatic agent incorporated therein, a polyethylene coating on both sides of the paper base and a photographic emulsion adhered to the polyethylene coating.
  • a photographic paper comprising a paper base having sodium sulfate incorporated therein as an antistatic agent, a polyethylene coating on both sides of the paper base and a photographic emulsion adhered to the polyethylene coating.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US138556A 1961-09-18 1961-09-18 Anti-static treatment for photographic products on polyethylene coated paper Expired - Lifetime US3253922A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1019664D GB1019664A (en(2012)) 1961-09-18
BE622442D BE622442A (en(2012)) 1961-09-18
US138556A US3253922A (en) 1961-09-18 1961-09-18 Anti-static treatment for photographic products on polyethylene coated paper
DE1422865A DE1422865C3 (de) 1961-09-18 1962-09-15 Antistatisches photographisches Papier
FR909650A FR1335296A (fr) 1961-09-18 1962-09-17 Nouveau papier photographique antistatique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US138556A US3253922A (en) 1961-09-18 1961-09-18 Anti-static treatment for photographic products on polyethylene coated paper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3253922A true US3253922A (en) 1966-05-31

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US138556A Expired - Lifetime US3253922A (en) 1961-09-18 1961-09-18 Anti-static treatment for photographic products on polyethylene coated paper

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3253922A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE622442A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE1422865C3 (en(2012))
FR (1) FR1335296A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB1019664A (en(2012))

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428451A (en) * 1960-09-19 1969-02-18 Eastman Kodak Co Supports for radiation-sensitive elements and improved elements comprising such supports
US3549406A (en) * 1968-04-26 1970-12-22 Eastman Kodak Co Process of coating polymer surfaces activated by corona discharge
JPS4847319A (en(2012)) * 1971-10-18 1973-07-05
US3850642A (en) * 1971-07-16 1974-11-26 Eastman Kodak Co Multilayer radiation sensitive element having controlled triboelectric charging characteristics
DE2326759A1 (de) * 1973-05-25 1974-12-19 Schoeller Felix Jun Fa Mit thermoplastischen kunstharzen zu beschichtendes basispapier fuer fotografische zwecke
US3888678A (en) * 1971-07-16 1975-06-10 Eastman Kodak Co Method for adjusting triboelectric charging characteristics of materials
FR2516270A1 (fr) * 1981-11-11 1983-05-13 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Papier photographique
US4482628A (en) * 1979-09-19 1984-11-13 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Photographic paper containing magnesium oxide
US20070154719A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2007-07-05 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. Coated base paper

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL290497A (en(2012)) * 1962-03-21
DE2515823C2 (de) * 1975-04-11 1984-06-07 Felix Schoeller jr. GmbH & Co KG, 4500 Osnabrück Verfahren zur Herstellung eines durch Mikrowellenbehandlung zu trocknenden fotografischen Trägermaterials
DE3043864A1 (de) 1980-11-21 1982-07-08 Felix Schoeller jr. GmbH & Co KG, 4500 Osnabrück Weisser fotografischer papiertraeger und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE587456A (en(2012)) * 1959-02-13
US2391181A (en) * 1944-05-02 1945-12-18 Eastman Kodak Co Protective overcoating
US2400544A (en) * 1944-10-24 1946-05-21 Western Union Telegraph Co Conductive paper
US2921048A (en) * 1957-09-20 1960-01-12 Eastman Kodak Co Organic plastics containing n, n'-dioleoyl polyethylene polyamines or related compounds
GB853186A (en) * 1956-07-25 1960-11-02 Dunlop Rubber Co Coated fabric
US2972537A (en) * 1957-09-03 1961-02-21 Eastman Kodak Co Condensation products of polyvinylketones with hydrazides containing quaternary nitrogen groups
US3062700A (en) * 1960-02-11 1962-11-06 Harold R Dalton Static discharging paper
US3096229A (en) * 1959-10-29 1963-07-02 Riegel Paper Corp Carbon impregnated paper and method of making same

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2391181A (en) * 1944-05-02 1945-12-18 Eastman Kodak Co Protective overcoating
US2400544A (en) * 1944-10-24 1946-05-21 Western Union Telegraph Co Conductive paper
GB853186A (en) * 1956-07-25 1960-11-02 Dunlop Rubber Co Coated fabric
US2972537A (en) * 1957-09-03 1961-02-21 Eastman Kodak Co Condensation products of polyvinylketones with hydrazides containing quaternary nitrogen groups
US2921048A (en) * 1957-09-20 1960-01-12 Eastman Kodak Co Organic plastics containing n, n'-dioleoyl polyethylene polyamines or related compounds
BE587456A (en(2012)) * 1959-02-13
US3096229A (en) * 1959-10-29 1963-07-02 Riegel Paper Corp Carbon impregnated paper and method of making same
US3062700A (en) * 1960-02-11 1962-11-06 Harold R Dalton Static discharging paper

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428451A (en) * 1960-09-19 1969-02-18 Eastman Kodak Co Supports for radiation-sensitive elements and improved elements comprising such supports
US3549406A (en) * 1968-04-26 1970-12-22 Eastman Kodak Co Process of coating polymer surfaces activated by corona discharge
US3850642A (en) * 1971-07-16 1974-11-26 Eastman Kodak Co Multilayer radiation sensitive element having controlled triboelectric charging characteristics
US3888678A (en) * 1971-07-16 1975-06-10 Eastman Kodak Co Method for adjusting triboelectric charging characteristics of materials
JPS4847319A (en(2012)) * 1971-10-18 1973-07-05
DE2326759A1 (de) * 1973-05-25 1974-12-19 Schoeller Felix Jun Fa Mit thermoplastischen kunstharzen zu beschichtendes basispapier fuer fotografische zwecke
US4482628A (en) * 1979-09-19 1984-11-13 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Photographic paper containing magnesium oxide
FR2516270A1 (fr) * 1981-11-11 1983-05-13 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Papier photographique
US20070154719A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2007-07-05 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. Coated base paper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1335296A (fr) 1963-08-16
GB1019664A (en(2012)) 1900-01-01
DE1422865A1 (de) 1969-03-06
DE1422865C3 (de) 1979-07-19
BE622442A (en(2012))

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