US3236244A - Tobacco smoke filter element - Google Patents

Tobacco smoke filter element Download PDF

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Publication number
US3236244A
US3236244A US139059A US13905961A US3236244A US 3236244 A US3236244 A US 3236244A US 139059 A US139059 A US 139059A US 13905961 A US13905961 A US 13905961A US 3236244 A US3236244 A US 3236244A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
smoke
flavoring agent
filter element
tobacco
adsorptive material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US139059A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr Richard M Irby
Edward S Harlow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
American Tobacco Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL282359D priority Critical patent/NL282359A/xx
Application filed by American Tobacco Co filed Critical American Tobacco Co
Priority to US139059A priority patent/US3236244A/en
Priority to ES280230A priority patent/ES280230A1/es
Priority to GB32845/62A priority patent/GB951510A/en
Priority to FR908471A priority patent/FR1352129A/fr
Priority to LU42324D priority patent/LU42324A1/xx
Priority to DE19621517242 priority patent/DE1517242A1/de
Priority to JP37039699A priority patent/JPS5122080B1/ja
Priority to CH1101162A priority patent/CH407846A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3236244A publication Critical patent/US3236244A/en
Priority to FI0785/69A priority patent/FI43402B/fi
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/281—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed
    • A24B15/282—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed by indirect addition of the chemical substances, e.g. in the wrapper, in the case
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A24D3/048—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure containing additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A24D3/163—Carbon

Definitions

  • the adsorbed flavoring agent when made a component of a filter element, is selectively and progressively eluted by the particulate matter in the smoke and not by the nicotinic constituents of the smoke, with the result that the flavoring agent is released in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element and that the undesirable volatile constituents of the smoke are adsorbed by the adsorptive material in the same manner as if the volatile flavoring agent were not present in the adsorptive material.
  • the adsorptive material is made to function as such by dispersing it throughout a carrier base rather than as an absorptive mass of the material pursuant to the aforementioned French patent.
  • the volatile smokeflavoring agent such for example as menthol
  • the adsorbed flavoring agent is held so effectively by the adsorptive material that there is no significant release of the flavoring agent from the adsorptive material, by volatilization or otherwise, during extensive period of storage.
  • a filter element of our invention containing adsorbed menthol does not evidence the characteristic odor of the flavoring agent.
  • the elution of the volatile smoke-flavoring agent from the adsorptive material when used as a tobacco smoke filter element pursuant to our invention appears to be effected by the particulate matter in the smoke.
  • This particulate matter consists to a large extent of minute droplets of semi-liquid material. When any of these droplets come into contact with the adsorptive material in our filter element, they are adsorbed and the resutling heat of adsorption, supplemented by the heat of adsorption of vapor phase constituents by the same adsorptive material in our filter element, causes a significant amount of vaporization of the adsorbed flavoring agent.
  • the filtered smoke contains a uniform amount of the flavoring agent and hence possesses a uniform taste throughout the entire smoking life of the cigarette.
  • our novel filter element for tobacco smoke comprises a carrier base in which there is substantially uniformly dispersed a finely divided adsorptive material having adsorbed thereon a volatile smoke-flavoring agent capable of being selectively eluted from the adsorptive material by the tobacco smoke.
  • the adsorptive material used in practicing our invention may be any finely divided solid material which acts as an adsorbent.
  • Activated carbon and charcoal obtain-e d from a petroleum base or from coconut shells, pecan hulls, wood, or the like, silica gel, zeolites and chabazites are examples of such useful materials.
  • silica gel, zeolites and chabazites are examples of such useful materials.
  • activated carbon we presently prefer to use activated carbon because of its outstanding capacity for adsorbing volatile smoke-flavoring agents.
  • All of these adsorptive materials are also capable of removing from tobacco smoke such volatile constituents as acetaldehyde, isoprene, acrolein, acetone, methyl alcohol, methyl furan, furan, isobutyraldehyde, methyl acetate, and the like.
  • the volatile smoke-flavoring agent comprises any one or more of those conventionally used for the purpose of flavoring tobacco smoke and include, for example, menthol, vanillin, benzaldehyde, spearmint oil, peppermint oil, oil of cloves, cardamon oil and ethyl valerate.
  • menthol vanillin
  • benzaldehyde spearmint oil
  • peppermint oil oil of cloves
  • cardamon oil and ethyl valerate e.g., peppermint oil
  • a composite flavoring agent which is normally composed of a mixture of compounds
  • spearmint oil we have found that the elution of the flavoring agent from the adsorptive material favors the release of the more volatile compounds and, therefore, of the more characteristic flavor of the agent.
  • the result is a fresher and cleaner taste than when all of the compounds in such a composite flavoring agent are volatilized from the adsorptive material.
  • Adsorption of the flavoring agent is effected by any of the conventional adsorption techniques.
  • adsorption is advantageously effected from a highly saturated solution of the flavoring agent in its solvent.
  • the degree of saturation of this solution can be enhanced by the use of solvent pairs; for example, We have found it advantageous to effect adsorption of menthol on activated carbon by forming a substantially saturated solution of the menthol in ethyl alcohol containing from 5 to 50% by volume of water, the water content of the solvent mixture limiting the solvent capacity of the alcohol for the menthol, and by then adding the carbon to the menthol solution for a period of time suificient to obtain adsorption of the menthol by the carbon.
  • adsorption of the flavoring agent by the adsorptive material is also elfectively accomplished by exposing the adsorptive material to vapors of the flavoring agent or to the pure flavoring agent in liquid form.
  • adsorption of the flavoring agent by any of the foregoing procedures can be effected after the adsorptive material has been dispersed in the carrier base, we have found that most satisfactory results are obtained by effecting the adsorption before incorporating the adsorptive material in the carrier base.
  • the carrier base useful in practicing our invention comprises any of the materials conventionally used as filter elements for tobacco smoke.
  • these materials are cellulosic or polymeric and are in the form of sheet, filament or sponge-like mass, and include shredded or finely-cut tobacco itself.
  • the adsorptive material is incorporated in or coated on these carrier bases, advantageously as uniformly as possible, in such manner as to retain their adsorptive characteristic.
  • activated carbon can be distributed in a sheet of cellulosic fibrous material as described in the United States Patent to Schur and Hillsman No. 2,801,638. According to the procedure of this patent, activated charcoal is added to a so-called high alpha cellulose pulp of commerce, and the resulting mixture is formed into a sheet by conventional papermaking processes and equipment.
  • a sheet or shreds of such fibrous material can be appropriately impregnated with the adsorbent by immersing the sheet or shreds in, or spraying it with, a slurry of the adsorbent.
  • Suitable adsorbent-containing base materials can also be prepared by brushing or dusting the adsorbent on the carrier base, either with or without the use of a carrier base additive which enhances its retention of the adsorptive material.
  • the carrier base with its contained adsorptive material it is made into a filter element by any conventional technique appropriate to the form and composition of the base material.
  • Control of the amount of flavoring agent imparted to the tobacco smoke may be effected by several expedients.
  • the various adsorbent materials mentioned heretofore have different capacities for adsorbing the flavoring agent, and hence the amount of adsorbed flavoring agent available for transfer to the smoke can be controlled by the choice of adsorbent material.
  • the various adsorbent materials mentioned heretofore have different capacities for adsorbing the flavoring agent, and hence the amount of adsorbed flavoring agent available for transfer to the smoke can be controlled by the choice of adsorbent material.
  • the various adsorbent materials have different capacities for adsorbing particulate matter and volatile constituents from the smoke, with the result that different amounts of heat of adsorption are generated with attendant variation in the rate at which the flavoring agent is volatilized for incorporation in the smoke.
  • the amount of any adsorptive material dispersed in the carrier base can be varied, or the length of the filter element containing the flavoring agent-treated adsorptive material can be varied, so as to alter the amount of flavoring agent transferred to the smoke as it passes through the filter element.
  • the resulting decrease in the amount of smoke through the filter increases the extent of adsorption of particulate matter by the adsorptive material, but although this may result in the generation of more heat of adsorption with attendant increase in volatilization of the flavoring agent there is also less particulate matter passing out of the filter and hence less flavoring agent carried from the filter.
  • Further control over the amount of flavoring agent-containing particulate matter reaching the smokers mouth can be obtained by adding a mechanical filter element, such as a cellulosic plug, to the cigarette adjacent the discharge end of the flavoring filter element of our invention.
  • the amount of adsorbed flavoring agent which should be available for transfer to the tobacco smoke will vary with the amount of tobacco in the cigarette and upon the flavoring strength of the agent. In general, We have found that the amount of flavoring agent-treated adsorptive material just suflicient to impart the desired flavor to the smoke throughout the smoking life of a cigarette is less than that amount of adsorptive material required for removal of the adsorbable volatile constituents present in the smoke from the cigarette. Accordingly, if a greater degree of adsorption of these volatile constituents is desired, the filter element of our invention can be supplemented with an additional component composed of untreated adsorptive material in order to obtain the required amount of reduction in concentration of volatile constituents without wasting excess flavoring agent.
  • EXAMPLE I The following specific example is illustrative of the production of a filter element of our invention using menthol as the smoke-flavoring agent and activated carbon as the adsorptive material.
  • menthol was dissolved in 1.4 gallons of a 50-50 (by volume) mixture of ethyl alcohol and water. The resulting solution was substantially completely saturated with respect to the menthol.
  • One pound of petroleum base activated carbon was ground to a size. such that a major portion of it passed through a .200 mesh (Tyler Standard) screen and a significant portion passed through a 325 mesh screen. The ground carbon was then added to the menthol solution and the resuelting mixture was agitated at room temperature for two hours.
  • the carbon with its adsorbed menthol was separated by filtration and was washed three times with 20% by volume alcohol (balance Water).
  • the Washed carbon was thereafter dried for 20 minutes in an oven maintained at 220 F.
  • the resulting product consisted of activated carbon containing adsorbed menthol.
  • This carbon product was then dispersed in a cellulosic carrier base by adding it toan aqueous pulp of high alpha cellulose in the amount of about 25 parts by weight of canbon to 75 parts of the pulp on a solids basis. After thorough mixing of the charcoal and pulp in the furnish, the pulp was formed by conventional paper-making technique into paper sheet Weighing about 16 grams per square meter.
  • the paper was crumpled and formed into a filter element by the procedure described in the aforementioned Schur and Hillsman patent.
  • the resulting filter element comprised a cellu-losic carrier base having dispersed therein activated carbon containing adsonbed menthol.
  • the representative filter element of our invention imparted 0.2-0.3 milligram of menthol to the smoke of the cigarette when smoked according to generally accepted smoking procedure, that is, smoking 47 millimeters of the cigarette and taking one pufi per minute each of two seconds duration and of 35 milliliters volume.
  • similar filter elements impart from 0.2 to 0.6 milligram of menthol to the smoke of each cigarette when tested according to this procedure.
  • volatile smoke-flavoring agents in the smoke filter element of our invention
  • the volatile agent adsorbed by the adsorptive material may comprise any other inhalant having beneficial properties such, for example, as antihistamines, decongestants, and the like.
  • the term volatile smoke-flavoring agent as used herein and in the claims must be understood to include any volatile substance the inhalation of which enhances the smoke or is otherwise beneficial to the smoker.
  • a unitary wrapped smoking article comprising a main portion consisting essentially of tobacco and a filter portion at one end thereof including a filter element for smoke capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of tobacco smoke, said filter element comprising a carrier base, a finely divided adsorptive material uniformly dispersed in the carrier base and a volatile smoke-flavoring agent adsorbed on the adsorptive material, substantially all of the content of said flavoring agent in the article being on the said adsorptive material where, when the article is smoked, it is away from the destructive effect of the heat of combustion of the tobacco, the flavoring agent being held on the adsorptive material by adsorptive forces and being selectively and progressively elutable from the adsorptive material by the particulate matter in the tobacco smoke and thus releasable to the smoke substantially in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element, the adsorptive material associated with the flavoring agent being further capable of adsonbing undesirable constituents of the tobacco smoke.
  • a unitary wrapped smoking article comprising a main portion consisting essentially of tobacco and a filter portion at one end thereof including a filter element for smoke capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of tobacco smoke, said filter element comprising a carrier base, finely divided activated carbon uniformly dispersed in the carrier base and a volatile smoke-flavoring agent adsorbed on the activated carbon, substantially all of the content of said flavoring agent in the article being on the activated carbon where, when the article is smoked it is away from the destructive effect of the heat of combustion of the tobacco, the flavoring agent being held on the activated carbon by adsorptive forces and being selectively and progressively elutable from the activated carbon by the particulate matter in the tobacco smoke and thus releasable to the smoke substantially in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element, the activated carbon associated with the flavoring material being further capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of the tobacco smoke.
  • a unitary wrapped smoking article comprising a main portion consisting essentially of tobacco and a filter portion at one end thereof including a filter element for smoke capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of tobacco smoke, said filter element comprising a carrier base consisting of paper, finely divided activated carbon uniformly dispersed in the paper and a volatile smokeflavoring agent adsorbed on the activated carbon, substantially all of the content of said flavoring agent in the article being on said activated carbon where, when the article is smoked, it is away from the destructive effect of the heat of combustion of the tobacco, the flavoring agent being held on the activated carbon by adsorptive forces and being selectively and progressively elutable from the activated carbon by the particulate matter in the tobacco smoke and thus releasable to the smoke substantially in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element, the activated carbon associated with the flavoring agent being further capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of the tobacco smoke.
  • a unitary wrapped smoking article comprising a main portion consisting essentially of tobacco and a filter portion at one end thereof including a filter element for smoke capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of tobacco smoke, said filter element comprising a carrier base consisting of cellulose material, finely divided activated carbon uniformly dispersed in the cellulose material and menthol adsorbed on said activated carbon, substantially all of the content of said menthol in the article being on said activated carbon where, when the article is smoked, it is away from the destructive effect of the heat of combustion of the tobacco, the menthol being held on the activated carbon by adsorptive forces and being selectively and progressively elutable from the activated carbon by the particulate matter in the tobacco smoke and thus releasable to the smoke substantially in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element, the activated carbon associated With the menthol being further capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of the tobacco smoke.
  • a unitary wrapped smoking article comprising a main portion consisting essentially of tobacco and a filter portion at one end thereof including a filter element for smoke capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of tobacco smoke, said filter element comprising a finely divided adsorptive material uniformly dispersed in the filter portion and a volatile smoke-flavoring agent adsorbed on the adsorptive material, substantially all of the content of said flavoring agent in the article being on the said adsorptive material where, when the article is smoked, it is away from the destructive effect of the heat of combustion of the tobacco, the flavoring agent being held on the adsorptive material by adsorptive forces and being selectively and progressively elutable from the adsorptive material by the particulate matter in the tobacco smoke and thus releasable to the smoke substantially in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element, the adsorptive material associated with the flavoring agent being further capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of the tobacco smoke.
  • a unitary wrapped smoking article comprising a main portion consisting essentially of tobacco and a filter portion at one end thereof including a filter element for smoke capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of tobacco smoke, said filter element comprising a finely divided adsorptive material uniformly dispersed in the filter portion and a volatile smoke-flavoring agent adsorbed on the adsorptive material, substantially all of the content of said flavoring agent in the article being on the said adsorptive material where, when the article is smoked, it is away from the destructive effect of the heat of combustion of the tobacco, the flavoring agent being held on the adsorptive material by adsorptive forces and being selectively and progressively elutable from the adsorptive material by the particulate matter in the tobacco smoke and thus releasable to the smoke substantially in proportion to the amount of smoke passing through the filter element, the adsorptive material associated With the flavoring agent being further capable of adsorbing undesirable constituents of the tobacco smoke, the filter element further containing adsorptive material free

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
US139059A 1961-09-19 1961-09-19 Tobacco smoke filter element Expired - Lifetime US3236244A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL282359D NL282359A (de) 1961-09-19
US139059A US3236244A (en) 1961-09-19 1961-09-19 Tobacco smoke filter element
ES280230A ES280230A1 (es) 1961-09-19 1962-08-23 Un dispositivo de filtro capaz de absorber los constituyentes volátiles indeseables del humo del tabaco
GB32845/62A GB951510A (en) 1961-09-19 1962-08-27 Improvements in tobacco smoke filter element
FR908471A FR1352129A (fr) 1961-09-19 1962-09-03 élément de filtre pour la fumée du tabac
LU42324D LU42324A1 (de) 1961-09-19 1962-09-07
DE19621517242 DE1517242A1 (de) 1961-09-19 1962-09-12 Filterelement
JP37039699A JPS5122080B1 (de) 1961-09-19 1962-09-15
CH1101162A CH407846A (fr) 1961-09-19 1962-09-18 Elément filtrant et procédé pour sa fabrication
FI0785/69A FI43402B (de) 1961-09-19 1969-03-18

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US139059A US3236244A (en) 1961-09-19 1961-09-19 Tobacco smoke filter element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3236244A true US3236244A (en) 1966-02-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US139059A Expired - Lifetime US3236244A (en) 1961-09-19 1961-09-19 Tobacco smoke filter element

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3236244A (de)
JP (1) JPS5122080B1 (de)
CH (1) CH407846A (de)
DE (1) DE1517242A1 (de)
ES (1) ES280230A1 (de)
FI (1) FI43402B (de)
FR (1) FR1352129A (de)
GB (1) GB951510A (de)
LU (1) LU42324A1 (de)
NL (1) NL282359A (de)

Cited By (78)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3390686A (en) * 1965-12-21 1968-07-02 American Tobacco Co Tobacco smoke filter element
US3410275A (en) * 1965-03-30 1968-11-12 Irwin W. Tucker Cigarette filter
US3473539A (en) * 1965-02-03 1969-10-21 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Bonded filter rod for smoking articles
US3575180A (en) * 1968-08-07 1971-04-20 H 2 0 Filter Corp The Water-reactive filter element for smoking devices
US3584630A (en) * 1969-08-20 1971-06-15 Philip Morris Inc Tobacco product having low nicotine content associated with a release agent having nicotine weakly absorbed thereon
US3603319A (en) * 1968-12-13 1971-09-07 Philip Morris Inc Flavor-releasing smoking article and method of making the same
US3636957A (en) * 1971-03-05 1972-01-25 Charles M Saffer Jr Cigar smoke filter and method for improving the quality of cigar smoke
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EP2537427A1 (de) 2008-05-21 2012-12-26 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Zigarettenfilter mit zusammengesetzten Faserstrukturen
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DE1517242A1 (de) 1970-10-08
CH407846A (fr) 1966-02-15
FR1352129A (fr) 1964-02-14
NL282359A (de)
ES280230A1 (es) 1962-11-01
FI43402B (de) 1970-11-30
JPS5122080B1 (de) 1976-07-07
LU42324A1 (de) 1962-11-07
GB951510A (en) 1964-03-04

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