US3212892A - Preventing darkening and formation of precipitates in solutions of photographic developers - Google Patents
Preventing darkening and formation of precipitates in solutions of photographic developers Download PDFInfo
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- US3212892A US3212892A US126521A US12652161A US3212892A US 3212892 A US3212892 A US 3212892A US 126521 A US126521 A US 126521A US 12652161 A US12652161 A US 12652161A US 3212892 A US3212892 A US 3212892A
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- developer
- formation
- precipitates
- solutions
- substituted
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 SILVER HALIDE Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- JLAMDELLBBZOOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione Chemical class SC1=NN=CS1 JLAMDELLBBZOOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NNC(=S)S1 BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 4
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 3
- ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N N-{[3-(2-benzamido-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}-G-dR-G-dD-dD-dD-NH2 Chemical compound S1C(C=2NN=C(C=2)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(N)=O)=C(C)N=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940126086 compound 21 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDQTXCHQKHIQMH-KYGLGHNPSA-N (3ar,5s,6s,7r,7ar)-5-(difluoromethyl)-2-(ethylamino)-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-3ah-pyrano[3,2-d][1,3]thiazole-6,7-diol Chemical compound S1C(NCC)=N[C@H]2[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(F)F)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O UDQTXCHQKHIQMH-KYGLGHNPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZHIDJWUJRKHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 ZZHIDJWUJRKHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- SGRHVVLXEBNBDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dibromohexane Chemical compound BrCCCCCCBr SGRHVVLXEBNBDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQZLRWGGWXJPOS-NLFPWZOASA-N 1-[(1R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-6-[(4S,5R)-4-[(2S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-5-methylcyclohexen-1-yl]pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=C(C=CC(=C1)Cl)[C@@H](C)N1N=C(C=2C1=NC(=CN=2)C1=CC[C@@H]([C@@H](C1)C)N1[C@@H](CCC1)CO)C#N KQZLRWGGWXJPOS-NLFPWZOASA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVEUHPMMNLURRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-cyclohexylthiourea Chemical compound NNC(=S)NC1CCCCC1 LVEUHPMMNLURRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical group CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006183 2,4-dimethyl benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C([H])=C(C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BSPCSKHALVHRSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)Cl BSPCSKHALVHRSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006283 4-chlorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMNRFWMNPDABKZ-WVALLCKVSA-N [[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(2,6-dioxo-3H-pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-fluoro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)C2C=CC(=O)NC2=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](F)[C@@H]1O SMNRFWMNPDABKZ-WVALLCKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XRWSZZJLZRKHHD-WVWIJVSJSA-N asunaprevir Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1C[C@H](CN1C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=NC=C(C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C21)OC)N[C@]1(C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2CC2)C[C@H]1C=C XRWSZZJLZRKHHD-WVWIJVSJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCOMFAYPHBFMKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCC(=O)NN HCOMFAYPHBFMKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125961 compound 24 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125877 compound 31 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940127573 compound 38 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125936 compound 42 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- PIDFDZJZLOTZTM-KHVQSSSXSA-N ombitasvir Chemical compound COC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NC1=CC=C([C@H]2N([C@@H](CC2)C=2C=CC(NC(=O)[C@H]3N(CCC3)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)C)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 PIDFDZJZLOTZTM-KHVQSSSXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole-4-thiol Chemical compound SC1=CSN=N1 JJJPTTANZGDADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003583 thiosemicarbazides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D285/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D275/00 - C07D283/00
- C07D285/01—Five-membered rings
- C07D285/02—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles
- C07D285/04—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles not condensed with other rings
- C07D285/12—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles
- C07D285/125—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, the nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D285/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D275/00 - C07D283/00
- C07D285/01—Five-membered rings
- C07D285/02—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles
- C07D285/04—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles not condensed with other rings
- C07D285/12—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles
- C07D285/125—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, the nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
- C07D285/135—Nitrogen atoms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
- G03C8/24—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-receiving section
- G03C8/243—Toners for the silver image
Definitions
- This invention relates to compounds being capable of preventing darkening and the formation of precipitates in solutions of photographic developers. It is known that used solutions of developers darken and that in those developers metallic silver precipitates. This is particularly the case in fixing developers and in developers for the silver salt dilfusion process, because in these special processes silver halide is dissolved out from unexposed and undeveloped material to be treated. The silver compounds which are dissolved are generally not stable in the developer solutions and are reduced, forming metallic silver.
- This precipitation of silver produces stains because the silver gets deposited on the photographic materials.
- R represents a radical such as alkyl with 3-16 carbon atoms cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl which in turn may be "ice
- R represents a radical such as alkyl with 3-16 carbon atoms cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl which in turn may be "ice
- the following compounds are very useful for the instant purpose:
- R1 n-octyl 89-91
- R n-dodecyl 87-88
- R1 cyelohexylm 184
- R1 4-methylcyclohexyl 156-158
- R1 benzy1 139.
- R 4-diphenylene 283
- R 4-methylphenylen 218-219
- R1 4-methoxyphenylene 186-187
- R 4-cyclohexylphenyleue- 175-177 R; B-phenylethyl 152-153. 5
- the compound of the general Formula I can be prepared without difliculties according to one of the following methods: e.g. compounds 1-16 by reacting 2,5-dimercaptothiadiazole with halogen-substituted alkanes in the presence of alkali-metal hydroxide.
- COMPOUND 3 3 g. (0.2 mol) of 2,5-dirnercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are dissolved in 240 cm. of 80% aqueous ethanol containing 8 g. (0.2 mol) sodium hydroxide. After adding 33 g. (0.2 mol) of l-bromohexane the reaction mixture is refluxed for 12 hours and thereafter concentrated by evapo- COMPOUND This compound is prepared according to the method described herein for the preparation of compound 3 with the exception that 27.4 g. of 2-chlorobutane are added and the reaction mixture is refluxed for 13 hours.
- COMPOUND 12 30 g. (0.2 mol) of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are dissolved in 240 cm. of 80% aqueous ethanol containing 8 g. (0.2 mol) sodium hydroxide. After adding 25.3 g. (0.2 mol) of benzyl chloride the reaction mixture is refluxed for 2 hours. The product which precipitates after cooling is filtered by suction and washed with water until free from halogen. For purification the raw product is dissolved in dilute aqueous potassium hydroxide and reprecipitated with dilute hydrochloric acid.
- Compounds 17-29 may be produced by reacting substituted thiosemicarbazide with carbondisulphide according to the following method:
- COMPOUND 21 43.3 g. (0.25 mol) of 4-cyclohexylthiosemicarbazide 35 cm. of carbon disulphide are added dropwise to this solution with stirring at room temperature. The reaction mixture is then heated for 90 minutes to 65 C. and stirred at this temperature until the evolution of hydrogen sulphide is completed. The product is precipitated by stirring into ice-cooled hydrochloric acid. The precipitated product is separated by suction filtration and washed with water until free from halogen. The crude product is purified by reprecipitation.
- COMPOUND 24 This compound was prepared in accordance with the method described by Martin Freund and Hans Imgart in Berichte der anno chemischen Deutschen, vol. 28, pages 946957 (1895).
- the compounds of the general Formula II may be prepared according to one of the following methods: e.g. compounds 30-35 by reacting 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole with a,w-dihalogen-alkanes in alcoholic solution in the presence of alkali hydroxide; compounds 3641 according to the method described herein for the preparation of compound 21.
- COMPOUND 31 30 g. (0.2 mol) 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are dissolved in 240 cm. of aqueous ethanol containing 8 g. (0.2 mol) of sodium hydroxide. After adding 24.4 g. (0.1 mol) of 1,6-dibromohexane it is refluxed for one hour. Thereafter it is cooled and the precipitate suction filtered and washed with Water until free from halogen. The raw product is dissolved in dilute potassium hydroxide and reprecipitated by adding dilute hydrochloric acid.
- COMPOUND 34 30 g. (0.2 mol) 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are dissolved in 240 cm. of 80% aqueous ethanol containing 8 g. (0.2 mol) of sodium hydroxide. After adding 17.5 g. (0.1 mol) of 1,4-bis-chloromethylbenzol the reaction mixture is refluxed for 2 hours and cooled. The precipitate is filtered by suction and washed with water until free from halogen. The raw material is dissolved in dimethylformamide and reprecipitated by adding water.
- the compounds having the general Formula III may be prepared by the method described by Hiroshi Kato and Masaki Ohta in the Journal of the Chemical Society of Japan, Pure Chemistry Section [Nippon Kagaku Zassi], vol. 78, pages 1588-91 (November 1957), abstracts of which appear in Chemical Abstracts, vol. 54, column 1502b (1960) and in Chemisches Monbla-tt, 1958 volume, page 13,775 according to the following example:
- the quantity of mercaptothiadiazole which has to be added depends on the composition of the developer and the effect desired, and varies between 10 and 100 mg. per litre ofdeveloper solution.
- Example 1 A developer containing per litre of water:
- Example 2 20-40 mg. of substance 10 are added to a developer as in Example 1. After 100 copies have been made, this developer is still pale in colour. No muddy deposits have been observed. i
- Example 3 If 35 mg. of substance 21 are added to a developer as in Example 1, there is no darkening of colour even after 100 copies have been made.
- Example 4 80 mg. of substance 32 are added to the same developer as in Example 1. Even after 100 copies had been made, the developer solution remains considerably paler than a developer without the additive which was used accordingly.
- Example 5 A developer containing per litre of water:
- a developer of the same constitution but containing 80 mg./l. of substance 31 remains pale yellow in colour after the same number of copies have passed through it. No precipitate has been observed.
- Example 6 4O mg./1. of substance 34 are added to the developer as in Example 3. The developer is still pale after 100 copies have been made.
- Example 7 50 mg. of substance 3 are added to the developer as in Example 3. After 75 copies have been made, the developer is still pale yellow in colour and produces no stains on the copies.
- Example 8 20-30 mg. of substance 12 are added to a developer as in Example 3. After 75-100 copies have been made, no formation of deposit is observed. A developer of the same constitution but Without the additive is after 75 copies have been processed already darkened and contains a muddy precipitate.
- Example 9 A developer containing per litre of water:
- the foregoing examples were selected to illustrate the present invention, it being understood that these examples represent preferred embodiments but are not to be considered as limiting the invention thereto.
- the remainder of the developer composition are not critical and are selected according to the requirements of the particular reproduction process for which the developer composition is to be used.
- developer compounds may be utilized hydroquinone, p-methylaminophenol, 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone, 1-p-aminophenyl-3-amino-pyraz 'olone, phenylendiamine derivatives and the like.
- the developer may contain antioxidants such as alkali-metal sulphites, bisulphites, metasulfites or metahydrogen sulphites or any conventional stabilizing agent.
- the developer composition can be alkalized with alkali-metal hydroxides, phosphates, borates, carbonates and the like.
- the developer com-positions according to the invention may be used for processing of any kind of photographic material.
- the compounds according to the invention are preferably added to developer compositions that are intended to be used in the silver salt diifusion process said compounds can also be employed in compositions for developing black and white or color photographic materials.
- R is a radical of the group consisting of alkyl containing from 3 to 16 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, and halogen-substituted, alkoxy-substituted, lower-ailkyl-substituted, cycloalkyl-substituted, and phenyl-substituted cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, and alkyl radicals containing from 3 to 16 carbon atoms,
- R is a radical of the group consisting of alkylene containing from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylene, phenylene, phenylalkylene, and halogen-substituted, alkoxy-substit-uted and lower-alkyl-substituted cycloalkylene, phenylene, phenylalkylene and alkylene radicals containing from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and
- n is an integer from 0 to 6.
- the developer composition contains a silver halide solvent selected from the group consisting of sodium thiosulphate, potassium thiosulphate, calcium thiosulphate and ammonium thiosulphate.
- R is a radical of the group consisting of alkyl containing from 3 to 16 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, and halogen-substituted, aikoxy-su-bstituted, lower-alkyl-substituted, cycloalkyl-substituted, and phenyl-su-bstituted cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, and alkyl radicals containing from 3 to 16 carbon atoms,
- R is a radical of the group consisting of alkylene containing from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylene, phenylene, phenylalkylene, and halogen-substituted, alkoxy-substituted and lower-alkyl-substituted cycloalkylene, phenylene, phenylalkylene and alkylene radicals containing from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and
- n is an integer from to 6, in an amount sufficient to prevent darkening and the formation of precipitates in the composition.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Nitrogen- Or Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclic Ring Compounds With Rings Of Six Or More Members (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEA35212A DE1175077B (de) | 1960-07-27 | 1960-07-27 | Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Dunkel-faerbung und Schlammbildung in photo-graphischen Entwicklern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3212892A true US3212892A (en) | 1965-10-19 |
Family
ID=6928904
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US126521A Expired - Lifetime US3212892A (en) | 1960-07-27 | 1961-07-25 | Preventing darkening and formation of precipitates in solutions of photographic developers |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3212892A (en)) |
BE (1) | BE606550A (en)) |
CH (1) | CH399903A (en)) |
DE (1) | DE1175077B (en)) |
GB (3) | GB940169A (en)) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3362826A (en) * | 1963-04-27 | 1968-01-09 | Agfa Ag | Photographic paper containing yellow fog-preventing agents |
US3364028A (en) * | 1963-04-27 | 1968-01-16 | Agfa Ag | Photographic material containing yellow fog-preventing agents |
US3617289A (en) * | 1966-12-10 | 1971-11-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Stabilization process for thermally developable light-sensitive elements |
US3718468A (en) * | 1969-04-15 | 1973-02-27 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Stabilising developed photographic images |
US4093462A (en) * | 1976-11-11 | 1978-06-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | 2,5-Bis(secondary amino) oxa- and thiadiazole photographic developing agents |
US4371610A (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1983-02-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for development-processing silver halide light-sensitive material |
US4675274A (en) * | 1984-07-19 | 1987-06-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for developing color reversal photographic materials |
US4761482A (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-08-02 | R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Terpene derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and lubricating compositions containing same |
US4933265A (en) * | 1986-09-01 | 1990-06-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for forming direct positive color image |
EP0899611A1 (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-03-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic developing composition containing anti-sludging agents and use thereof |
US6620771B2 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2003-09-16 | R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Thiadiazole dimer additives and lubricating compositions containing the same |
WO2008061796A3 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2009-07-23 | Ac Immune Sa | Compounds for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins |
US20100183513A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2010-07-22 | Wolfgang Froestl | N-(methyl) -1h-pyrazol-3-amine, n-(methyl)-pyridin-2-amine and n-(methyl)-thiazol-2-amine derivatives for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins, like e.g. alzheimer's |
US20110092537A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Ac Immune S.A. | 2,6-Diaminopyridine Compounds Suitable For Treating Diseases Associated With Amyloid Or Amyloid-Like Proteins Or For Treating Or Preventing Ocular Diseases Or Conditions Associated With A Pathological Abnormality/Change In The Tissue Of The Visual System |
WO2021055388A1 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-25 | The Lubrizol Corporation | 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole ("dmtd") derivatives |
WO2022046718A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | The Lubrizol Corporation | 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (dmtd) zinc salt derivatives |
WO2022046625A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | The Lubrizol Corporation | 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole ("dmtd") metal salt derivatives |
CN114805244A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 贵州大学 | 双-(1,3,4-噻二唑)类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61282841A (ja) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀カラ−感光材料の処理方法 |
JP2591616B2 (ja) | 1986-04-22 | 1997-03-19 | コニカ株式会社 | カブリの防止されたハロゲン化銀写真感光材料の処理方法 |
US5310629A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1994-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver recovery element and method |
US5210009A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-05-11 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver recovery element and process |
US5188662A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-02-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver recovery process |
JP3240334B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-12 | 2001-12-17 | コニカ株式会社 | 黒白ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料の現像処理方法 |
US5506092A (en) * | 1993-12-06 | 1996-04-09 | Konica Corporation | Method of processing black and white silver halide photographic compositions with a developer containing an anti sludgant |
US5660972A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1997-08-26 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited | Method for photographic development using a filter to inhibit occurrence of silver sludges |
DE4424680A1 (de) | 1994-07-13 | 1996-01-18 | Rhein Chemie Rheinau Gmbh | Poly[2.5-bis(polysulfano)-1.3.4-thiadiazole] |
US5683859A (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1997-11-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic developing composition containing a sludge inhibiting agent and use thereof in the high contrast development of nucleated photographic elements |
US5840471A (en) | 1996-10-02 | 1998-11-24 | Konica Corporation | Method for processing silver halide photographic light-sensitive material |
Citations (8)
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US2514650A (en) * | 1946-04-05 | 1950-07-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developing with addition products to improve image quality |
US2592195A (en) * | 1939-12-20 | 1952-04-08 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds |
US2719126A (en) * | 1952-12-30 | 1955-09-27 | Standard Oil Co | Corrosion inhibitors and compositions containing same |
US2736729A (en) * | 1953-08-20 | 1956-02-28 | Basf Ag | Substitution products of 1,3,4-thiadiazole and process |
US2743184A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic antiplumming agents and emulsions containing them |
DE950537C (de) * | 1954-08-06 | 1956-10-11 | Filmfabrik Agfa Wolfen Veb | Verfahren zur Klarhaltung von photographischen Halogensilberemulsionen bei der Entwicklung |
US3020155A (en) * | 1956-05-23 | 1962-02-06 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic diffusion transfer process |
US3083097A (en) * | 1957-04-26 | 1963-03-26 | Agfa Ag | Bleaching silver images in the formation of printing plates |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT160168B (de) * | 1937-09-15 | 1941-02-25 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Entwicklungsverfahren für photographische Halogensilberschichten. |
-
0
- BE BE606550D patent/BE606550A/xx unknown
-
1960
- 1960-07-27 DE DEA35212A patent/DE1175077B/de active Pending
-
1961
- 1961-07-25 US US126521A patent/US3212892A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1961-07-26 CH CH878261A patent/CH399903A/de unknown
- 1961-07-27 GB GB27326/61A patent/GB940169A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-07-27 GB GB24439/63A patent/GB959182A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-07-27 GB GB24440/63A patent/GB959661A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2592195A (en) * | 1939-12-20 | 1952-04-08 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds |
US2514650A (en) * | 1946-04-05 | 1950-07-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developing with addition products to improve image quality |
US2719126A (en) * | 1952-12-30 | 1955-09-27 | Standard Oil Co | Corrosion inhibitors and compositions containing same |
US2736729A (en) * | 1953-08-20 | 1956-02-28 | Basf Ag | Substitution products of 1,3,4-thiadiazole and process |
US2743184A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1956-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic antiplumming agents and emulsions containing them |
DE950537C (de) * | 1954-08-06 | 1956-10-11 | Filmfabrik Agfa Wolfen Veb | Verfahren zur Klarhaltung von photographischen Halogensilberemulsionen bei der Entwicklung |
US3020155A (en) * | 1956-05-23 | 1962-02-06 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic diffusion transfer process |
US3083097A (en) * | 1957-04-26 | 1963-03-26 | Agfa Ag | Bleaching silver images in the formation of printing plates |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3362826A (en) * | 1963-04-27 | 1968-01-09 | Agfa Ag | Photographic paper containing yellow fog-preventing agents |
US3364028A (en) * | 1963-04-27 | 1968-01-16 | Agfa Ag | Photographic material containing yellow fog-preventing agents |
US3617289A (en) * | 1966-12-10 | 1971-11-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Stabilization process for thermally developable light-sensitive elements |
US3718468A (en) * | 1969-04-15 | 1973-02-27 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Stabilising developed photographic images |
US4093462A (en) * | 1976-11-11 | 1978-06-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | 2,5-Bis(secondary amino) oxa- and thiadiazole photographic developing agents |
US4371610A (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1983-02-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for development-processing silver halide light-sensitive material |
US4675274A (en) * | 1984-07-19 | 1987-06-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for developing color reversal photographic materials |
US4933265A (en) * | 1986-09-01 | 1990-06-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for forming direct positive color image |
US4761482A (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-08-02 | R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Terpene derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and lubricating compositions containing same |
EP0899611A1 (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-03-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic developing composition containing anti-sludging agents and use thereof |
US6620771B2 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2003-09-16 | R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Thiadiazole dimer additives and lubricating compositions containing the same |
WO2008061796A3 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2009-07-23 | Ac Immune Sa | Compounds for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins |
US20100144793A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2010-06-10 | Ac Immune Sa | Novel compounds for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins |
US20100183513A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2010-07-22 | Wolfgang Froestl | N-(methyl) -1h-pyrazol-3-amine, n-(methyl)-pyridin-2-amine and n-(methyl)-thiazol-2-amine derivatives for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins, like e.g. alzheimer's |
US8673940B2 (en) | 2006-11-24 | 2014-03-18 | Ac Immune Sa | Compounds for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins |
US20110092537A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Ac Immune S.A. | 2,6-Diaminopyridine Compounds Suitable For Treating Diseases Associated With Amyloid Or Amyloid-Like Proteins Or For Treating Or Preventing Ocular Diseases Or Conditions Associated With A Pathological Abnormality/Change In The Tissue Of The Visual System |
US8916590B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2014-12-23 | Ac Immune Sa | 2,6-diaminopyridine compounds suitable for treating diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins or for treating or preventing ocular diseases or conditions associated with a pathological abnormality/change in the tissue of the visual system |
US9701660B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2017-07-11 | Ac Immune S.A. | 2,6-diaminopyridine compounds suitable for treating diseases associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins or for treating or preventing ocular diseases or conditions associated with a pathological abnormality/change in the tissue of the visual system |
WO2021055388A1 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-25 | The Lubrizol Corporation | 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole ("dmtd") derivatives |
WO2022046718A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | The Lubrizol Corporation | 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (dmtd) zinc salt derivatives |
WO2022046625A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | The Lubrizol Corporation | 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole ("dmtd") metal salt derivatives |
CN114805244A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 贵州大学 | 双-(1,3,4-噻二唑)类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB959661A (en) | 1964-06-03 |
DE1175077B (de) | 1964-07-30 |
BE606550A (en)) | |
CH399903A (de) | 1965-09-30 |
GB940169A (en) | 1963-10-23 |
GB959182A (en) | 1964-05-27 |
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