US3206110A - Cooling means for a compressor - Google Patents

Cooling means for a compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3206110A
US3206110A US355366A US35536664A US3206110A US 3206110 A US3206110 A US 3206110A US 355366 A US355366 A US 355366A US 35536664 A US35536664 A US 35536664A US 3206110 A US3206110 A US 3206110A
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United States
Prior art keywords
plunger
fluid
bore
sleeve
compression chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US355366A
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English (en)
Inventor
Anthony J Waibel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ingersoll Rand Co
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Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ingersoll Rand Co filed Critical Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority to US355366A priority Critical patent/US3206110A/en
Priority to GB12031/65A priority patent/GB1042740A/en
Priority to DE1503432A priority patent/DE1503432C3/de
Priority to CH417665A priority patent/CH439567A/de
Priority to NL656503899A priority patent/NL146910B/nl
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3206110A publication Critical patent/US3206110A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/12—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F04B39/041—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/102—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being disc valves
    • F04B39/1033—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being disc valves annular disc valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections

Definitions

  • a further object of this invention is to provide a flow path for a cooling fluid, which path is completely internal and does not require the use of externally disposed conduits.
  • the present invention contemplates a compressor comprising a casing or housing having a bore therein adapted to receive a plunger and cylinder assembly.
  • the plunger and cylinder assembly comprises a sleeve defining a compression chamber, a packing surrounding the plunger for sealing the interstices between the plunger and the packing, and a valve assembly for controlling the flow of the fluid into and out of the compression chamber.
  • Flow path means in said plunger and cylinder assembly is disposed in communication With the compression chamber to conduct the fluid for compression in indirect heat exchange relationship with the plunger and the plunger packing to remove the heat from the latter.
  • the flow path means communicates with the compression chamber to receive the compressed fluid therefrom and conduct the same in heat exchange relationship with the plunger and the plunger packing.
  • the flow path means communicates with the compression chamber and a source of the fluid to be compressed to conduct the fluid in indirect heat exchange relationship with the plunger and the plunger packing before it is conducted into the compression chamber.
  • the invention is particularly adapted for the compression of a gas, such as ethylene, which does not heat to very high temperatures when compressed or to any other fluid which is first cooled or refrigerated before entering the compressor.
  • a gas such as ethylene
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary view, in cross section, of part of a compressor according to one embodiment of this invention
  • FIG. 1A is a fragmentary view of another part of the compressor shown in FIG. 1 joined along line AA of FIGS. 1 and 1A; 1
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view'taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view, in cross section; of part of a compressor according to another embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a fragmentary View of another part of the compressor shown in FIG. 4 joined along line BB of FIGS. 4 and 4A;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a view in cross section taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 4.
  • 10 generally designates a compressor according to one embodiment of this invention, which compressor comprises a casing of housing 11 having a bore 12 therein.
  • a plunger-cylinder assembly 13 is slidably disposed within bore 12.
  • Plunger-cylinder assembly 13 comprises a sleeve 14 disposed within bore 12.
  • a cylinder sleeve 15 is arranged concentrically within sleeve 14 to define a compression chamber 18.
  • One end of cylinder sleeve 15 abuts a packing assembly 19 which may be of a conventional type comprising a plurality of abutting packing cups-seal rings 20 or an assembly as disclosed in my copending application, Serial No. 65,360, filed October 27, 1960.
  • Packing assembly 19 is arranged concentrically within sleeve 14 and about a piston or plunger 21 which projects at one end into compression chamber 18.
  • plunger 21 is connected to suitable means (not shown) to elfect the reciprocation of the plunger within compression chamber 18 and movement relative to pack ing assembly 19.
  • a valve assembly 22 for controlling the fluid flow into and from compression chamber 18 is disposed within bore 12 and in abutment against the end of cylinder sleeve 15 opposite from the packing assembly 19.
  • Valve assembly 22 is of the same construction as shown and disclosed in my US. Patent No. 3,077,899 except that the valve body, consisting of three abutting sections 23, 24 and 25, is disposed within a valve sleeve 26.
  • the valve body sections 24 and 25 have an axial inlet passageway 27 which communicates at one end with a source of the fluid to be compressed, such as ethylene gas or other gaseous fluid which has been cooled, and at the opposite end with compression chamber 18 through an inlet valve 28 and a plurality of circumferentially spaced ports 29 in valve body section 23.
  • Valve body section 24 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced passages 30, each of which communicates at one end with ports 29 in valve body section 23 and with ports 31 in valve body section 25 through a ring-shaped outlet valve 32.
  • the valve body section 25 extending beyond sleeve 26 is of an enlarged diameter so as to define with sleeve 26 and the" surface of bore 12 an annular outlet chamber 33.
  • Ports 31 are in communication with outlet chamber 33 by a plurality of radially extending passageways 34 so that the compressed fluid is conducted from compression chamber 18 by way of ports 29, passages 30, ports 31, and pas sageways 34 to outlet chamber 33.
  • a plurality of circumferentially spaced cooling passageways are'provided in plunger-cylinder assembly 13 to conduct the compressed fiui'd to a discharge port 35 disposed in housing 11 adjacent packing assembly 19.
  • the cooling passages are provided by forming a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves of fiut'es 36' in the outer surface ofvalve sleeve 26 and a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves or flutes 37 in the inner surface of sleeve 14.
  • Flutes 36 in valve sleeve'26 form with the surface of bore 12 a plurality of passageways 38.
  • Flutes 37' in sleeve 14 define with cylinder sleeve 15 and packing cups-seal rings 20 of lunger packing assembly 19 a plurality of assageways 39.
  • sleeve 14 is provide with an annular groove 40 in the outer periphery thereof and with a plurality of spaced, radially extending holes 41 in the wall of the sleeve. Each of the holes 41 is in communication with the annular groove 40 and with one of the passageways 39. As the compressed fluid flows through passageways 39, it absorbs the heat generated by the friction between plunger 21 and plunger packing assembly 19 so that the latter is maintained relatively cool to thereby provide the plunger packing with a longer operative life as well as prevent a binding condition between the plunger packing assembly and plunger 21.
  • the fluid to be compressed is drawn into compression chamber 18 on the suction stroke of plunger 21 through inlet passageway 27, past inlet valve 28 which is unseated by the differential pressure thereacross, and through ports 29.
  • the fluid compressed in compression chamber 18 on the discharge stroke of plunger 21 is discharged through ports 29 and passages 30, past outlet valve 32 which is unseated by the differential pressure exerted thereon, through ports 31 and passageways 34, and into outlet chamber 33.
  • From the outlet chamber 33 the compressed fluid flows through passageways 38 formed by flutes 36 in valve sleeve 26, thereby placing the sleeve and valve body sections 23, 24, and 25 under compressive forces.
  • the compressed fluid flows into the through passageways 39 formed by flutes 37 in leeve 14 to thereby place cylinder sleeve 15 and plunger packing assembly 19 under compression.
  • the fluid absorbs the heat generated by the friction between reciprocating plunger 21 and the plunger packing.
  • the heated compressed fluid then flows to discharge port 35 via holes 41 and annular groove 40 to a place of use or to another compressor for further compression.
  • FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 is shown a compressor 10A according to another embodiment of the present invention, which compressor is structurally and functionally similar to compressor 10 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 except that the absorption of frictional heat is achieved by the flowing fluid to be compressed adjacent the plunger packing assembly rather than the compressed fluid. Since the compressor shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 is very similar in construction to that of compressor 10 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the parts of compressor 10A corresponding to like parts of compressor 10 will be designated by the, same reference number with a suffix A added thereto.
  • Compressor 10A has a valve assembly 22A of the same construction as that of the valve assembly shown in FIG. of my US. Patent No. 3,077,899, wherein the valve body consists of a plurality of abutting sections 45, 46, 47, and 48 disposed within bore 12A of housing 11A.
  • valve body section 46 is provided with an annular groove 49 which defines with the surface of bore 12A a fluid inlet chamber 50.
  • a plurality of circumferentially spaced ports 51 are provided in valve body section 46 to communicate inlet chamber 50 with a chamber 52 formed between valve body sections 45 and 46.
  • An axial port 53 is provided in valve body section 45, which port communicates at one end with compression chamber 18A and at the-opposite end with chamber 52 and an axial bore 54 in valve body section 46.
  • Axial bore 54 is counterbored at 55 to communicate bore 54 with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending ports 56 formed in valve body section 47.
  • Valve body section 48 is provided with an axial discharge passageway 57 and a plurality of circumferentially spaced discharger passageways 58 arranged concentrically around passageway 57. Discharge passageways 57 and 58 communicate with an axial chamber 59 defined between valve body sections 47 and 48.
  • valve body section 45 To control the communication between ports 51 and chamber 52, a ring-shaped, spring-biased inlet valve 60 is provided in valve body section 45.
  • valve body section 48 The control of the communication between ports 56 and chamber 59 is achieved by a ring-shaped, spring-biased outlet valve 61 disposed in valve body section 48.
  • Plunger packing assembly 19A is similar to plunger packing assembly 19 of compressor 10 except that each of the packing cups of the packing cups-seal rings 20A, instead of being of a single-ring construction, is of a tworing construction, the outer rings 62 being concentrically disposed on an inner ring 63.
  • the one-ring construction could be used in compressor 10A equally as well as the two-ring construction shown in FIG. 4.
  • a fluid inlet port 64 is provided in housing 11A in place of discharge port 35 shown in compressor 10.
  • sleeve 14A, outer rings 62 of seal rings 29A, and valve body sections 45 and 46 are each provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending grooves or flutes 37A. Flutes 37A of sleeve 14A, outer rings 62, and valve body sections 45 and 46 are in endwise registry so that a continuous flow path is defined between flutes 37A and the surface of bore 12A and extends from inlet port 64 to inlet chamber 50 of valve assembly 22A. To effect the communication between inlet port 64 and all of the flow paths, the two outer rings 62 adjacent inlet port 64 have reduced portions to define with bore 12A an annular chamber 65.
  • the fluid to be compressed enters inlet port 64 from a suitable source of fluid and flows int-o chamber 65. From chamber 65 the fluid flows into and through flutes 37A formed in outer rings 62, sleeve 14A, and valve body sections 45 and 46 and thence into inlet chamber 50. In passing through flutes 37A, the fluid absorbs the heat of the friction generated between plunger 21A and plunger packing assembly 19A. Prom inlet chamber 50 the fluid flows through ports 51, past inlet valve 60 on the suction stroke of plunger 21A, and into chamber 52. From chamber 52 the fluid flows into compression chamber 18A by Way of axial port 53.
  • the compressed fluid flows from chamber 18A, through axial port 53, bore 54, and counterbored portion 55, into ports 56. From ports 56 the fluid flows past outlet valve 61, which is unseated by reason of the diflerential pressure exerted thereon, and thence into chamber 59 and discharge passageways 57 and 58. From discharge passageways57 and 58 the fluid is conducted .to a place of use or for further compression.
  • the compressor according to this invention has application to the compression of fluids which are cooled or refrigerated prior to delivery to the compressor or to the compression of fluids, such as ethylene .gas, which do not heat appreciably upon compression.
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • valve assembly being provided with valve members for controlling the flow of the fluid to be compressed into the compression chamber and the compressed fluid out of said compression chamber
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • valve assembly in said bore adjacent said compression chamber and having inlet flow passage means for conducting the fluid into said compression chamher and outlet flow passage means for conducting the fluid out of the compression chamber
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • valve assembly in said here adjacent said'compression chamber and having inlet flow passage means for conducting the fluid into said compression cham ber and outlet flow passage means for conducting the compressed fluid out of the compression chamber,
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • valve assembly having fluid inlet passageway means for communicating the compression chamber with a source of fluid to be compressed and outlet passageway means for conducting the compressed fluid from the compression chamber, and
  • said sleeve means having a plurality of longitudinal grooves to provide a plurality of flow paths communicating with the outlet passageway means of said valve and said fluid discharge port to conduct the compressed fluid past said plunger packing to absorb the heat generated by the friction between the plunger and the plunger packing assembly.
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • valve assembly having a fluid inlet passageway for conducting the fluid to be compressed from a source thereof to said compression chamber and a fluid outlet passageway for conducting the compressed fluid from said compression chamber, and
  • said second sleeve having a plurality of longitudinal grooves in the outer surface thereof to define with the surface of the bore a plurality of first fluid passageways communicating with the fluid outlet passageway in said valve assembly to receive the compressed fluid therefrom,
  • said first sleeve having a plurality of longitudinal grooves in the inner surface thereof to define with the outer surface of said third sleeve and the plunger packing assembly a plurality of second fluid passageways communicating with said first fluid passageways and said fluid discharge port to conduct the compressed fluid in heat exchange relationship with the plunger packing to absorb the heat from the latter.
  • a compressor comprising (a) a housing,
  • valve assembly having fluid inlet passage means communicating with the compression chamber and the outer peripheral surface 'of the valve assembly and fluid discharge passage means for conducting the compressed fluid from the compression chamber to a place of use
  • valve assembly having a plurality of longitudinally extending, circumferentially spaced grooves in the outer surface thereof to define with the bore a plurality of first passageways communicating with the inlet passage means of said valve assembly,
  • said sleeve having a plurality of longitudinally extending, circumferentially spaced grooves in the outer surface thereof to define with the surface of said bore a plurality of second passageways communicating with said plurality of first passageways,
  • said plunger packing assembly having a plurality of longitudinally extending, circumferentially spaced grooves to define with said bore a plurality of third passageways communicating with said fluid inlet port and the plurality of second passageways to conduct the flow of the fluid to be compressed in heat exchange relationship with the plunger packing assembly to absorb the heat from the latter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US355366A 1964-03-27 1964-03-27 Cooling means for a compressor Expired - Lifetime US3206110A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US355366A US3206110A (en) 1964-03-27 1964-03-27 Cooling means for a compressor
GB12031/65A GB1042740A (en) 1964-03-27 1965-03-22 Cooling means for a compressor
DE1503432A DE1503432C3 (de) 1964-03-27 1965-03-25 Kühlvorrichtung für die Stopfbuchse einer Kolbenstange eines Verdichters
CH417665A CH439567A (de) 1964-03-27 1965-03-25 Verdichter
NL656503899A NL146910B (nl) 1964-03-27 1965-03-26 Compressor.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US355366A US3206110A (en) 1964-03-27 1964-03-27 Cooling means for a compressor

Publications (1)

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US3206110A true US3206110A (en) 1965-09-14

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US355366A Expired - Lifetime US3206110A (en) 1964-03-27 1964-03-27 Cooling means for a compressor

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US (1) US3206110A (nl)
CH (1) CH439567A (nl)
DE (1) DE1503432C3 (nl)
GB (1) GB1042740A (nl)
NL (1) NL146910B (nl)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4193744A (en) * 1978-03-27 1980-03-18 Nipak, Inc. Compressor valve
US4239463A (en) * 1978-09-28 1980-12-16 Worthington Pump, Inc. Reciprocating plunger pump with improved liquid end valve assembly
US4393752A (en) * 1980-02-14 1983-07-19 Sulzer Brothers Limited Piston compressor
US4456440A (en) * 1981-03-25 1984-06-26 Uhde Gmbh Valve assembly for high-pressure pumps
FR2557931A1 (fr) * 1984-01-06 1985-07-12 Benhaim Albert Dispositif et son procede pour la lubrification et le refroidissement pour les chemises et pistons equipant des pompes a pistons pour fluides
US4576557A (en) * 1983-06-15 1986-03-18 Union Carbide Corporation Cryogenic liquid pump
CN104879496A (zh) * 2015-06-08 2015-09-02 沈阳远大压缩机股份有限公司 带一圈冷却通道的填料盒
US20160222955A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Caterpillar Inc. Pump having axial cooling
US20180156175A1 (en) * 2015-01-05 2018-06-07 Cummins Inc. High pressure diesel fuel pump pumping element

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE19210E (en) * 1934-06-12 Fluid compressor
US2292617A (en) * 1940-06-15 1942-08-11 Linde Air Prod Co Apparatus for pumping volatile liquids
US3145629A (en) * 1960-12-13 1964-08-25 Union Carbide Corp Cryogenic pump sealing rings

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE19210E (en) * 1934-06-12 Fluid compressor
US2292617A (en) * 1940-06-15 1942-08-11 Linde Air Prod Co Apparatus for pumping volatile liquids
US3145629A (en) * 1960-12-13 1964-08-25 Union Carbide Corp Cryogenic pump sealing rings

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4193744A (en) * 1978-03-27 1980-03-18 Nipak, Inc. Compressor valve
US4239463A (en) * 1978-09-28 1980-12-16 Worthington Pump, Inc. Reciprocating plunger pump with improved liquid end valve assembly
US4393752A (en) * 1980-02-14 1983-07-19 Sulzer Brothers Limited Piston compressor
US4456440A (en) * 1981-03-25 1984-06-26 Uhde Gmbh Valve assembly for high-pressure pumps
US4576557A (en) * 1983-06-15 1986-03-18 Union Carbide Corporation Cryogenic liquid pump
FR2557931A1 (fr) * 1984-01-06 1985-07-12 Benhaim Albert Dispositif et son procede pour la lubrification et le refroidissement pour les chemises et pistons equipant des pompes a pistons pour fluides
US20180156175A1 (en) * 2015-01-05 2018-06-07 Cummins Inc. High pressure diesel fuel pump pumping element
US11421637B2 (en) * 2015-01-05 2022-08-23 Cummins Inc. High pressure diesel fuel pump pumping element
US20160222955A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Caterpillar Inc. Pump having axial cooling
US9828976B2 (en) * 2015-01-30 2017-11-28 Caterpillar Inc. Pump for cryogenic liquids having temperature managed pumping mechanism
CN104879496A (zh) * 2015-06-08 2015-09-02 沈阳远大压缩机股份有限公司 带一圈冷却通道的填料盒
CN104879496B (zh) * 2015-06-08 2017-07-07 沈阳远大压缩机有限公司 带一圈冷却通道的填料盒

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1042740A (en) 1966-09-14
CH439567A (de) 1967-07-15
DE1503432A1 (de) 1970-02-26
DE1503432C3 (de) 1975-07-03
NL6503899A (nl) 1965-09-28
NL146910B (nl) 1975-08-15
DE1503432B2 (de) 1974-11-14

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