US3189951A

US3189951A - Concrete door

Info

Publication number: US3189951A
Application number: US224484A
Authority: US
Inventors: Morton M Rosenfeld
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1962-09-18
Filing date: 1962-09-18
Publication date: 1965-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 1982-06-22

Description

June 22, 1965 M. M. ROSENFELD 3,189,951

CONCRETE DOOR Filed Sept. 18, 1962 INVENTOR MORTON M. ROSE/W220 BY MEX/5W ATTORNEY United States Patent M 3,189,951 CUNCRETE D9011 Morton M. Rosenfeld, 271 Madison Ave, Mount Vernon, NY. Filed Sept. 18, 1962, Ser. No. 224,484 7 Qlairns. (Ci. 2tl35) In general, this invention relates to a new and improved concrete door. More particularly, it relates to a concrete door for a bomb shelter capable of withstanding large external pressures, providing a barrier to attenuate radiation effects, and providing an airtight enclosure.

The door of a bomb shelter is necessarily an extremely heavy and rugged article of manufacture. it must be capable of withstanding extremely high pressures from the initial blast of a bomb and additionally must provide an airtight seal for the shelter. After the initial blast, it must also be capable of attenuating the radiation effects of the bomb. To manufacture such a door as a complete unit which would be shipped to the site of a bomb shelter would be a costly and inconvenient venture. A door having the features discussed above would be extremely awkward and heavy to manipulate with any degree of ease.

It would be far better if the door of the bomb shelter could be simply and easily constructed at the site thereof without the need for any great skill on the part of the workman.

Therefore, it is the general object of this invention to provide a better and stronger door for a bomb shelter.

Another object is to provide a better and simpler door for a bomb shelter which may be constructed at the site thereof.

Another object of this invention is to provide a better concrete door made of precast concrete planks.

Another object of this invention is to provide a better reinforced concrete door laced together with steel straps which is airtight, blast resistant, and radiation attenuating. Another object of this invention is to provide a stronger and simpler concrete door made of a plurality of plys of reinforced concrete planks.

Another object of this invention is to provide a better concrete door for a bomb shelter in which the frame thereof can be hung independently of the concrete plank core.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention there is shown in the drawings a form which is presently preferred; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.

FIGURE 1 is a front plan view of a door constructed in accordance with the present invention.

FIGURE 2 is a top cross sectional view of the door of FIGURE 1 taken along lines 2-2.

In FIGURE 1, there is shown a bomb shelter door made in accordance with the present invention and generally designated by the numeral 1%. The door 1i) is mounted on a bomb shelter 12 shown only partially, and is spaced from the ground surface 14. The door is spaced from the ground surface 14 so as to provide a water barrier between the door and the interior of the bomb shelter 12.

The door 10 consists of a plurality of reinforced

concrete planks

16, 18, 2t) and 22 on the front surface thereof. Although the planks 16-22 are preferably made of reinforced concrete, they could be made of any material having similar characteristics. That is, the planks must be able to withstand extreme external pressures and provide a barrier to attenuate radiation effects.

The concrete planks 1622 are held in place by a steel frame generally designated by the numeral 23. The steel 3,18%,951 Patented ulune 22, 1965 frame 23 consists of

straight portions

24 and 26 forming side walls of the frame and straight portions 28 and 30 forming top and bottom walls of the frame 23, respectively. The walls 2 1, 26, 28 and 31B are preferably C-shaped steel channels which are butt welded together. Steel straps 32, 34- and 36 extending between side Walls 24 and as hold

planks

16, 18, 20 and 22- in place. The

straps

32, 34 and 36 are preferably fillet welded to the

side walls

24 and 26. A door pull 35 is welded in place to side channel member 24. The frame 23 is mounted on the shelter 12 by means of brackets 33 and 41). The brackets Fifi and 451 are fiat metal pieces welded to side wall 26 and to straps 32 and 36 respectively.

Brackets 33 and 41B are mounted on the shelter 12 in substantially the same manner. Therefore, only the mounting of bracket 38 will be described in detail. A wall bracket 42 is bolted in place to the shelter 12. The wall bracket 42 has a support 454 for a bracket shaft 46. The bracket 33 includes two shaft receiving extensions 43 and 5t? which fit over shaft 46. The shaft 46 is of a smaller diameter than the support 44 and extends on either side of support 4 1 for a distance equal to the thickness of the extensions &8 and 50. Thus, when the door 143 is opened, the door pivots about shaft 4-6 and is supported by the support 14.

The door 111 is adapted to seal an opening 11 in the shelter 12. As stated previously, the

planks

16, 18, 2G and 22 are adapted to be fitted in the C-

shaped walls

24, 26, 28 and 30. A second ply of reinforced concrete planks is generally shown by the numeral 54 in FIGURE 2. It can easily be seen that a separate plank 54 is provided for each

plank

16, 18, 21) and 22. Although the door of the present invention is shown as a two ply concrete door, it can readily be seen that if thinner planks of concrete are available, more plys of concrete planks should be provided so as to make the assembly of the door even easier. The plank 54 is held in place by side Z-shaped steel walls 52 and 6t}. It should be noted that suitable Z-shaped steel channels for the bottom and top of planks 54 are provided to the rear of the door 10. These Z-shaped walls would be associated with top and bottom walls 28 and 3th in the same manner as walls 52 and 61B are associated with C-

shaped channels

26 and 24 respectively. One planar portion of the Z-shaped walls 52 and 61 is fillet welded to the associated planar edge of the C-

shaped channels

26 and 24 respectively. This is effective to hold the plank 54 in place between the side walls 52 and 611 and the planks 15.

if desired, an opening can be precast into the

planks

16 and 54 to provide a means of obtaining air in the shelter 12 when desired. The opening 56 is provided with a collar 59 and cap 58 to allow selective access to the opening 56 from the interior of the shelter 12.

A latch 62 is welded to the Z-shaped wall so as to secure the door 16 through a latch member 64 to the side wall 65 of the opening 11.

It should be noted that the interior planks 54 extend between C-shaped members 2 1- and 26. Therefore, it can easily be seen that if the frame 23 were mounted on the shelter 12 without the

concrete planks

16, 18, 2t), 22 and 54., the planks 5% could easily be inserted into place without removing any portion of the frame 23. In fact, the present invention contemplates the mounting of the frame 23 including

walls

24, 26, 28, 3t 52, 6t) and the bottom and top interior walls not shown,

straps

32, 34 and 36 with one of the walls 24 and 28 being re moved. it is preferred that for ease of construction side wall 24 rather than 28 be chosen for removal. With wall 24- removed, the entire steel frame is mounted. Concrete planks 54 are then positioned in the frame including side walls 52 and 61B. If additional plys of planks are used, additional Z-shaped side walls would be neces- 2 sary. These additional plys would not necessitate any change in the order of construction. Side wall 24 would still be the only wall necessary to have removed. After the planks 54 are in place, the

planks

22, 20, 18 and 16 are slid into place through the opening provided by the omission of side channel 24. After these concrete planks are in place, side channel 24 is replaced and fillet welded to Z-shaped member 60 and butt welded to top and bottom channels 28 and 30 and

steel straps

32, 34 and 36.

Thus, it will be recognized that the objects of the invention have been achieved by the provision of a concrete door capable of withstanding extreme external pres sures and providing an airtight seal which may be simply constructed at the site of the shelter. It has not been necessary to attempt to mount an extremely heavy door to the shelter to achieve this purpose. In accordance with the provisions of the present invention, it is only necessary to mount a steel frame to the shelter wall and then with a great degree of ease slide in concrete planks to form the door. After this has been completed, it is only necessary to weld the omitted side channel to the remaining channels and to the steel straps.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and, accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification as indicating the scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A door comprising a first channel forming an inner periphery thereof, said first channel including a pair of Z-shaped members, each member having a flat wall portion and a first inwardly directed side flange perpendicular to said wall portion, a second outwardly directed side flange spaced from and parallel to said first inwardly directed flange, a first ply of preformed building material nested within said first channel between the flat wall portions of said Z-shaped members, a second channel forming an outer periphery of said door, said second channel comprising a pair of C-shaped members, each of said C-shaped members having a wall portion parallel to the Wall portion of said Z-shaped members and two spaced inwardly directed parallel side flanges perpendicular to its wall portion, the second outwardly directed side flanges of said Z-shaped members each being fixedly secured to a channel side flange of one of said C-shaped members in back-to-back relation, said first ply of material being freely removable from said first channel through said second channel, and a second ply of preformed building material nested within said second channel between the wall portions of said C shaped members and securing said first ply in said first channel.

2. The door of claim 1 wherein said first and second plys have an opening therethrough and including an annular collar contiguous with the opening, and a cap for covering said collar and the opening whereby the opening through said first and second plys may be covered and uncovered by selective movement of said cap.

3. The door of claim 1 wherein said second ply has a thickness equal to the spacing between said C-shaped channel inwardly directed side flanges, and said first ply has a thickness equal to the sum of the width of the wall portion of a Z-shaped member, the thickness of the second outwardly directed side flange of a Z-shaped memher, and the thickness of one of the inwardly directed side flanges of a C-shaped member.

4. The door of claim 1 wherein said second ply consists of a plurality of planks resting one on the other in said second channel, and a plurality of straps covering the joints between said planks.

5. The door of claim 4 wherein said first and second plys are preformed of reinforcedconcrete, and said first and second channels and said straps are steel.

6. The door of claim 1 wherein a planar surface of said second channel and a planar surface of said second ply form the exterior Wall of said door, and a hinge means rigidly secured to said exterior wall.

7. The door of claim 6 wherein a planar surface of said first ply and a planar surface of said first channel form an interior Wall of the door and latching means fixedly secured to said interior wall whereby the door may be latched only from the inside.

References fitted by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 177,432 5/76 Smith 18946 1,609,573 12/26 Priest et al. 50-1l8 1,732,735 10/29 Triller 20-65 1,762,662 6/30 MakOWski 50-536 1,764,001 6/30 Blanchard 50119 1,954,290 4/34 Half 20-35 2,335,555 11/43 Willson 50-536 2,492,422 12/49 GOVan 1098O 2,581,234 1/52 Bloom 2039 2,726,424 12/55 Lingle 2O35 2,805,450 9/57 Schlytern 20-35 2,850,891 9/58 Scheib 50--536 HARRISON R. MOSELEY, Primary Examiner.

Claims

1. A DOOR COMPRISING A FIRST CHANNEL FORMING AN INNER PERIPHERY THEREOF, SAID FIRST CHANNEL INCLUDING A PAIR OF Z-SHAPED MEMBERS, EACH MEMBER HAVING A FLAT WALL PORTION AND A FIRST INWARDLY DIRECTED SIDE FLANGE PERPENDICULAR TO SAID WALL PORTION, A SECOND OUTWARDLY DIRECTED SIDE FLANGE SPACED FROM AND PARALLEL TO SAID FIRST INWARDLY DIRECTED FLANGE, A FIRST PLY OF PREFORMED BUILDING MATERIAL NESTED WITHIN SAID FIRST CHANNEL BETWEEN THE FLAT WALL PORTIONS OF SAID Z-SHAPED MEMBERS, A SECOND CHANNEL FORMING AN OUTER PERIPHERY OF SAID DOOR, SAID SECOND CHANNEL COMPRISING A PAIR OF C-SHAPED MEMBERS, EACH OF SAID C-SHAPED MEMBERS HAVING A WALL PORTION PARALLEL TO THE WALL PORTION OF SAID Z-SHAPED MEMBERS AND TWO SPACED INWARDLY DIRECTED PARALLEL SIDE FLANGES PERPENDICULAR TO ITS WALL PORTION, THE SECOND OUTWARDLY DIRECTED SIDE FLANGES OF SAID Z-SHAPED MEMBERS EACH BEING FIXEDLY SECURED TO A CHANNEL SIDE FLANGE OF ONE OF SAID C-SHAPED MEMBERS IN BACK-TO-BACK RELATION, SAID FIRST PLY OF MATERIAL BEING FREELY REMOVABLE FROM SAID FIRST CHANNEL THROUGH SAID SECOND CHANNEL, AND A SECOND PLY OF PREFORMED BUILDING MATERIAL NESTED WITHIN SAID SECOND CHANNEL BETWEEN THE WALL PORTIONS OF SAID CSHAPED MEMBERS AND SECURING SAID FIRST PLY IN SAID FIRST CHANNEL.