US3176089A - Load tap changers for transformers - Google Patents

Load tap changers for transformers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3176089A
US3176089A US204029A US20402962A US3176089A US 3176089 A US3176089 A US 3176089A US 204029 A US204029 A US 204029A US 20402962 A US20402962 A US 20402962A US 3176089 A US3176089 A US 3176089A
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Prior art keywords
switches
contacts
transfer
selector
resistors
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US204029A
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Bleibtreu Alexander
Schunda Wilhelmine
Schunda Brunhilde
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/14—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias
    • H01F2029/143—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias with control winding for generating magnetic bias

Definitions

  • This invention has reference to load tap changers for power transformers as applied, for instance, to maintain a constant secondary voltage with a variable primary voltage, to control the flow of reactive kva. between two generating systems, and to control the division of power between branches of loop circuits, etc.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide load tap changers for polyphase high voltage power transformers which are considerably more compact, and involve considerably smaller manufacturing cost, than comparable prior art load tap changers.
  • Load tap changers include selector switches and transfer switches.
  • the selector switches serve the purpose of selecting a particular tap on a tapped transformer winding intended to be connected into an electric circuit.
  • Selector switches do not carry any load currents at the time a particular tap is selected, i.e. they are not required to interrupt or close on current-carrying circuits. This task is performed by the transfer switches. The latter perform all switching operations under load. Therefore all arcing is restricted to the transfer switches, the selector switches merely selecting the particular transformer tap to which the load is to be transferred.
  • Polyphase transformers require a selector switch and a co-operating transfer switch for each phase of the circuit.
  • the selector switch and the transfer switch of each phase must be electrically insulated from the selector switch and the transfer switch of each other phase according to the full voltage between phases. For this reason it has become common practice to subdivide polyphase transformers into separate transformer units.
  • Each such single phase unit comprises a separate tank, a separate single phase transformer, a separate load tap changer, and a separate drive for the latter.
  • a plurality of such single phase units are integrated into a transformer bank. Transformer banks tend to be extremely bulky.
  • a current limiting device In the method of tap changing a current limiting device must be employed during each transition period from one tap position to the other.
  • Such current limiting devices may either be center tapped reactors or resistors.
  • This invention is particularly concerned with load tap changers wherein resistors are used as current limiting devices.
  • Load tap changers utilizing resistors as current-limiting devices and fast operating transfer switches are known, or referred to, as Jansen type load tap changers.
  • This type of load tap changers has important advantages over load tap changers of other kinds.
  • the current-limiting resistors are in parallel with respect to the load current and in series with respect to the circulating currents which flow during transition times between tap changes. This makes it possible to reduce the resistance of the current limiting resistors to relatively low ohmic values without giving rise to large circulating currents.
  • the movable contacts of the transfer switches move at high speeds, or with a snap action, wiping over the fixed contacts to which the current limiting resistors are connected.
  • the current limiting resistors can be made very small and the voltage fluctuation resulting from tap changes insignificant.
  • the rapid operation of the transfer switches is produced by stored energy means, preferably wound up springs which are maintained in a pre-wound, or pre loaded, condition in readiness for the next tap changing operation.
  • Load tap changers of the Jansen type are well known in the art and have been described in many printed publications such as, for instance, the book by H. P. Young, Electric Power Control Systems, London, England, Chapman 8: Hall Ltd, 1942, and reference may be had to such publications for a more complete description of Jansen type load tap changers, and the structural features and operating characteristics thereof.
  • FIGS. la and lb are substantially a vertical section of a high voltage polyphase load tap changer embodying the present invention and comprising a plurality of selector switches, a plurality of transfer switches cooperating with the selector switches and drive meaens for both the selector switches and the transfer switches, FIG. 1a showing the left portion of the structure and FIG. 1b showing the right portion of the structure, both FIGS. 1a and 1b being complementary, FIG. la showing at the right side thereof some structural detail which is also shown in FIG. lb to the left side thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of one of the selector switches and of one of the transfer switches of the structure of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. Zia-3c are top-plan views of the three transfer switches of the structure of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of one phase of a polyphase transformer provided with a load tap changer embodying the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended to be accommodated within a en /spec transformer tank having a cover on the top thereof. Neither the transformer tank nor the tank cover have been shown in FIG. 1.
  • the cover of the tank of the transformer defines an opening which is covered by a part which may be referred to as a sub-cover.
  • Reference numeral 115 has been applied in FIG. 1 to indicate the aforementioned sub-cover.
  • Sub-cover 19 supports a vessel 11 of insulating material including a bottom 12.
  • the lateral walls of vessel 11 are formed by an insulating cylinder or tube as widely applied in high voltage engineering.
  • Vessel 11 is filled with an appropriate insulating liquid such as insulating oil.
  • each transfer switch comprises a set or group of movable contacts 19 adapted to cooperatively engage a set or group of circularly arranged fixed contacts 21.
  • the set or group of contacts 19 is pivotally supported at 19a on a rotatable contact carrier 20.
  • Contacts 19 are arranged along a sector of a circle whose center 19a is spaced from the axis of rotation of contact carrier 20.
  • the fixed contacts 21 are supported on the inner surface of the aforementioned insulating cylinder or insulating tube 14.
  • contact carrier 20 and movable contacts 19 are operated, fixed contacts 21 are sequentially engaged by movable contacts 19, the latter performing a composite rotary and radial motion as set forth more in detail in US. Patent 2,680,790 to B. Jansen.
  • the two movable contacts 19 on both ends of the sector of movable contacts 19 are main contacts, and the intermediate contacts of the sector of movable contacts 19 are switch-over contacts.
  • the two contacts on both ends of the sector of fixed contacts (indicated in some of the figures by reference character 22) 21 are main contacts and the intermediate contacts of the sector of fixed contacts 21 are switch-over contacts (indicated in some of the figures by reference character 23).
  • the aforementioned fixed main contacts 21 are conductively connected to the particular tap of the transformer winding which has been selected, while the aforementioned fixed switch-over contacts 21 are conductively connected to switch-over resistors or tap-changing resistors 24 in the fashion shown in FIG. 4.
  • Each transfer switch 15, 16, 17 comprises in essence three sector-shaped spaces of which one is occupied by the set of movable contacts 19 and the two others 25 are occupied by the aforementioned switch-over or tap-changing resistors 24. The location of the latter has been clearly shown in FIG. 2 as well as in FIGS. Zia-3c.
  • the carriers 20 for the movable contacts 19 are secured to composite shaft 18.
  • This shaft comprises tubular sections 26 of insulating material alternating with sections formed by metal rods 27.
  • Each of the two sections formed by metal rods 27 is interposed between a pair of sections 26 of tubular insulatin material.
  • the latter sections 26 separate and insulate each transfer switch 15, 16, 17 from the transfer switch or transfer switches immediately adjacent thereto.
  • Reference character 28 has been applied to indicate annular members for controlling the voltage distribution, i.e. the distribution of the electric field, around transfer switches 15, 16, 17 along parts 11 and 14. At least two such voltage control members 28 are anranged at each axial end of each transfer switch 15, 16, 17. As shown in FIG. 1 some of the voltage distribution control 23 are arranged inside of insulating tubing 14 and su ported by the latter, and others are arranged outside of vessel 11 and are supported by the latter. All of th voltage distribution control rings 28 are arranged in coaxial relation to parts 11, 14 and 18.
  • transfer switches 15, 16, 17 are angularly displaced.
  • three phase transformers comprising three transfer switches 15, 16, 17-one for each phase-the angular displacement of the three transfer switches is degrees. This has been shown in FIGS. 3a3c of which each figure is a horizontal section at right angles to shaft 18 and of which each figure shows in top-plan view one of the three transfer switches 15, 16, 17.
  • Transfer switches 15, 16, 17 are operatively related to rotary selector switches 30, 31 and 32, i.e. transfer switch 15 is operatively related to selector switch 39, transfer switch 16 is operatively related to selector switch 31 and transfer switch 17 is operatively related to selector switch 32.
  • Selector switches 30, 31 and 32 are stacked substantially in the same fashion as transfer switches 15, 16 and 17.
  • Transfer switch 15 and selector switch 36 are arranged substantially at the same level, transfer switch 16 and selector switch 31 are arranged substantially at the same level, and transfer switch 17 and selector switch 32 are arranged substantially at the same level.
  • the three selector switches 30, 31 and 32 are mounted on a common tubular insulating shaft 29. Switches 15 and 30 are arranged in the same phase of a three phase circuit, e.g.
  • switches 16 and 31 are arranged in the same phase of a three phase circuit, e.g. phase S.
  • switches 17 and 32 are arranged in the third phase or phase T of a three phase circuit.
  • Switches 15 and 39 are interconnected by relatively short, substantially horizontal leads 33
  • switches 16 and 31 are interconnected by relatively short, substantially horizontal leads 34
  • switches 17 and 32 are interconnected by relatively short and substantially horizontal leads 35.
  • Each selector switch 30, 31, 32 comprises a plurality of fixed radially outer contacts 36 of which each is secured to an insulating rib 37.
  • Fixed contacts 36 are adapted to be cooperatively engaged by the two bridge elements or bridge contacts 38 which may be turned about the center of a circle along which fixed contacts 36 are positioned.
  • the current-carrying bridge elements or bridge contacts 38 are mounted on insulating tube 29.
  • Insulating tubes 39 extend parallel to insulating tube 29i.e. both are vertical-and the latter support slip rings 49 clearly shown in FIG. 2 for connecting fixed leads to rotary bridge contacts 33.
  • annular members or rings 41 are arranged above each fixed contact 36 of each selector switch 30, 31, 32 for controlling the voltage distribution in the region of contacts 36.
  • Annular metal members or rings 28 for the control of the voltage distribution in axial direction are also arranged on the top and at the bottom of the stack formed by the three selector switches 30, 31, 32.
  • Insulating tubes 39 integral with the stack of selector switches 30, 31, 32 are operable by means of a Geneva gear 42 shown in FIG. 1 arranged above the stack of selector switches 30, 31, 32.
  • Geneva gears are widely applied in the art for operating selector switches of load tap changers and, therefore, Geneva gear 4-2 provided at the top of the stack of selector switches 311, 31, 32 does not call for a detailed description.
  • Gear train 43 arranged above Geneva gear 42 is provided for operating the latter.
  • Gear train 43 is operated from a shaft 45 by the intermediary of a transmission which may include a clutch or coupling 44.
  • Shaft 45 is driven by an electric motor (not shown) which drives also the three transfer switches 15, 16, 17 shown to the left of FIG. 1.
  • Reference numeral 50 has been applied to indicate a tripping latch for releasing spring 49 when the particular taps intended to be inserted into the load circuit have been selected by means of the three selector switches 31 31 and 32. Operation of the latch 50 results in an instantaneous movement of the current carrying contacts 38 of the three transfer switches 15, 16, 17 from their original positions to their pre-selected positions. Operation of the three transfer switches 15, 16, 17 by spring 49 is effected by the intermediary of an eccentric to which reference character 51 has been applied.
  • the aforementioned drive comprising spring 49 and the transmission means for loading the same and for tripping the same are arranged within a gear housing 52 which is mounted on top of horizontal plate or cover on the top of the transformer tank.
  • Gear housing 52 is provided on the upper side thereof with an opening or window 53 making it possible to readily determine the particular position of the stack of transfer switches 15, 16, 17 and to inspect the constituent parts or elements of the drive housed within gear housing 52.
  • this figure shows to the left thereof three windings 100 of a polyphase transformer. All three windings 100 pertain to the same phase-say phase U-and only the center winding 100 is tapped.
  • the center winding 1% has ten taps of which each is connected to one of the ten fixed contacts 36 of one of the selector switches, say selector switch 30.
  • the reference characters 31 and 32 have been added in parentheses in FIG. 4 after reference character 30.
  • the FIGURES 1 to 10 at the left of FIG. 4 have been applied to distinguish between the ten fixed contacts 36 of selector switch 30.
  • Transfer switch has been shown to the right of the selector switch and reference characters 16 and 17 have been added in parentheses after reference character 15 to indicate that the transfer switches 16 and 17 are related in the same fashion to selector switches 31 and 32 as transfer switch 15 is related to selector switch 30.
  • Each transfer switch 15, 16, 17 is provided with six fixed contacts 21 of which each of the four inner contacts 21 is connected to one of four tap changing resistors 24. The latter are, in turn, connected to the rotary contacts 38 of selector switches 30, 31, 32 by the intermediary of leads 33, 34, 35.
  • Reference numeral 54 has been applied to indicate a reversing switch of the kind widely applied in connection with load tap changers.
  • Reversing switch 54 comprises a fixed center contact K and four additional fixed contacts A, A, B, B.
  • Lead 101 connects the lower terminal of the upper transformer winding 160 to the fixed contact A of the reversing switch 54 and lead 102 connects the upper terminal of the lower transformer winding 100 to the fixed contact B of the reversing switch 54.
  • Fixed contacts A and B of reversing switch 54 are connected by leads 103 and 103a to the upper terminal of transformer center winding 10%.
  • Fixed center contact K of reversing switch 54 is connected by lead 104 to the support 20 of movable contacts 19 of the transfer switch 15. In the position of the reversing switch 54 shown in FIG.
  • the fixed contacts A and A are conductively interconnected by movable contacts C and the fixed contacts K and B' are conductively interconnected by the movable contact D.
  • the current path of phase U shown in FIG. 4 is as follows: upper transfer winding 100, lead 101, fixed contact A, movable contact C, fixed contact A, lead 103, center winding 10!), fixed contact of selector switch 39 at tap number seven, bridge contact 38, slip ring 40, lead 33, lead 105, upper fixed contact 6 21 of transfer switch 15, movable contact 19 of transfer switch 15 engaging the aforementioned fixed contact 21 thereof, contact support 20, lead 104, fixed contact K of reversing switch 54, movable contact D, fixed contact B, lead 102, lower transformer winding 190.
  • each transfer switch comprises but one single substantially sector-shaped set of movable contact fingers 19 and one single set of fixed circularly arranged contacts 21 cooperating with contact fingers 19.
  • each transfer switch 15, 16, 17 with more than one substantially sector-shaped set of movable finger contacts 19, and with an equal number of sets of fixed circularly arranged contacts 21.
  • the aforementioned sets of movable and fixed contacts are connected in parallel into each phase of a polyphase circuit, thus limiting the current carrying duty which must be assigned to each single set of contacts. In such a plural contact set arrangement there is less room within the space occupied by the transfer switches 15, 16, 17 for accommodating tap changing resistors 24.
  • tap number seven is included in the circuit of the transformer and the load tap changer thereof. Assuming now that it is desired to change from tap number seven to tap number eight. Such a change involves the following steps to be carried out in the following sequence: Contact 38 which, heretofore, has been in engagement with the fixed selector switch contact number six is moved from the latter position into engagement with fixed selector switch contact number eight. This change of position of one of contacts 38 of each selector switch 30, 31, 32 does not involve the flow of any circulating currents. Nor does it involve any change in regard to the active windings of the transformer.
  • the next operation of the load tap changer may either consist in a return of the constituent parts thereof to their original positions indicated in FIG. 4, which is a reversal of the operation which has been previously described in detail, or the next operation of the load tap changer may consist in a switching operation from taps number eight of selector switches 3t 31, 32 to taps number nine thereof.
  • the last mentioned operation is a duplication of the switching operation which has been described above, i.e. a switching operation from taps number seven of selector switches 31), 31, 32 to taps number eight thereof.
  • Provision of reversal switch 54 makes it possible to reduce the number of taps of center winding 1% for a given or predetermined control duty since it makes it possible to use the voltage in the tapped center winding 1% selectively either for the purpose of boosting or for the purpose of bucking.
  • a polyphase load tap changer embodying the present invention comprises a plurality of substantially identical transfer switches 15, 16, 17 each connected into one phase of a polyphase circuit and superimposed in substantially coaxial relation to form a transfer switch stack.
  • the transfer switches comprised in said stack are angularly displaced a number of degrees equal to 360 divided by the number of the phases of the polyphase transformer.
  • the particular embodiment of the invention described above is a load tap changer for a three phase transformer and its transfer switch stack comprises three transfer switches.
  • the three transfer switches are angnlarly displaced 360:3:120 degrees, as best shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c.
  • the aforementioned an gular displacement of the constituent transfer switches 15, 16, 17 of the transfer switch stack is generally sufifici ently effective to provide for a rapid dielectric recovery of the ionized gaps formed between the parting contacts of transfer switches 15, 16, 17.
  • baffles may be provided between the various levels of a stack of transfer switches to keep the hot products of arcing of one transfer switch away from the arcing zone of the other transfer switches and to control the upward fiow of products of arcing in a predetermined desired fashion.
  • each of the transfer switches 15, 16, 17 of polyphase load tap changers embodying the present invention includes a plurality of fixed circularly arranged contacts 21, a set of movable contacts 19 and current-limiting tap change resistors 24 within the cylindrical space defined by said circularly arranged fixed contacts 21.
  • the present invention contemplates the use of transfer switches of the general type disclosed and claimed in United States Patent 2,680,790 to B. Jansen, Load Changeover Switch for Tapped Transformers Using a Combination of Contact Movements, June 8, 1954 and United States Patent 2,833,873 to B. Jansen, Multi-Pole Tap Switch for Changing Transformer Taps Under Load, May 6, 1958, and reference may be had to the two aforementioned patents as to further details in regard to the transfer switches intended to be used for carrying the present invention into effect.
  • Load tap changers embodying the present invention further comprise insulating means for insulating the constituent transfer switches 15, 16, 17 of the transfer switch stack in accordance with the voltage prevailing between phases.
  • the aforementioned insulating means include the body of oil inside of vessel 11 in which the transfer switches 15, 16, 17 are immersed, and the aforemen tioned insulating means further include the common shaft 13 for jointly operating the constituent transfer switches 15, 1d, 17 of the transfer switch stack which shaft is at least in part of insulating material.
  • each transfer switch and each selector switch pertaining to the same phase are situated at substantially the same level, and each transfer switch is operatively related to one of the selector switches by leads 33, 34, 35 which are substantially horizontal or, in other words, do not extend beyond the two horizontal planes which form the upper and the lower boundary of a pair of associated and cooperatively related transfer switches and selector switches.
  • leads are, therefore, arranged in equipotential spaces, i.e. spaces throughout which there is substantially the same potential.
  • the required insulation of the leads 33, 34, 35 between cooperating transfer switches and selector switches is but that called for by the difference in voltage between con- This is a minimum of insulation requirement.
  • the tap change resistors 24 for limiting the flow of circulating currents incident to changing from one tap to another are preferably arranged within the above equipotential areas, forming integral parts of the transfer switches 15, to, 17 to which they are operatively related.
  • the gear means for operating the transfer switches 15, 16, 17 and for operating the selector switches 39, 31, 32 are arranged on top of the transfer switch stack and on top of the selector switch stack.
  • the constituent switches 15, 16, 17 of the transfer switch stack and the constituent switches 39, 31, 32 of the selector switch stack may jointly be insulated against ground, which results in much more economical and compact structures than where cooperating pairs of transfer switches and selector switches are separately insulated against ground. Since the impulse strength of insulation against ground must be relatively high, this feature is one which is of considerable importance.
  • the common drive means for all transfer switches 15, 16, 17 and for all selector switches 30, 31, 32 of the load tap changer is a feature greatly reducing prime cost and space requirements. Since the volume of oil involved for insulating load tap changers embodying this invention is relatively small, and since inspection of the aforementioned common drive and of the switches integrated into the transfer switch stack and of the switches integrated into the selector switch stack is relatively simple, the cost of maintenance of load tap changers embodying the present invention are minimized.
  • Load tap chargers embodying this invention lend themselves to manual as well as to automatic supervisory control.
  • a load tap changer for polyphase transformers comprising in combination with a plurality of tapped phase windings of a polyphase transformer:
  • a load ta-p changer for polyphase transformers com- (e) a plurality of groups of resistors arranged Within prising in combination with a plurality of tapped phase said vessel each at substantially the same level as one windings of a polyphase transformer: of said plurality of transfer switches, the constituent (a) a plurality of stacked transfer switches each inresistors of each of said plurality of groups of recluding fixed contacts and movable contacts cosistors having a first end conductively connected operating with said fixed contacts in a predetermined to some of said fixed contacts of one of said pluralsequence; ity of transfer switches and the constituent resistors (1;) a ti l haft for gang-operating id l lit of each of Said plurality 6f groups of resistors 113V" of transfer switches including insulating means for ing a second end; insulating said plurality of transfer switches from (f) a plurality of stack
  • each of said plurality of transfer switches including a Geneva gear d i arranged above id l lit fixed contacts and movable contacts cooperating with f salector i h tiv ly engaging b upper said fiXcd Contacts in a predetermined Sequence, 55 ends of said additional insulating columns for gang said fixed contacts of each of said plurality of transoperating said plurality of selector switches.
  • a load tap changer for polyphase transformers comprising in combination with a plurality of tapped phase windings of a polyphase transformer:
  • each of said plurality of selector switches including a plurality of circularly arranged fixed contacts each connected to one of the taps of one of said plurality of tapped said plurality of transfer switches and the constituent Phase windings of said transformer and each of said resistors each of Said plurality of groups of plurality of selector switches further including a pair SiStOIS having a Second and or" movable contacts each cooperating with said (e) a plurality of stacked rotary selector switches each plurality of fixed contacts;
  • each of said plusaid plurality of selector switches including a pair rality of transfer switches having a plurality of cirof rotary contacts, and each of said plurality of seleccularly arranged fixed contacts including outer main tor switches including a plurality of circularly ar 7 contacts and inner auxiliary contacts and each of said plurality of transfer switches further having a plurality of movable contacts each cooperating in a predetermined sequence with one of said plurality of fixed contacts, each of said plurality of transfer switches being arranged at substantially the same level as one of said plurality of selector switches being at the same potential; and
  • each of said plurality of transfer switches having a plurality of circularly artor switches electrically insulated from each other and at different potentials
  • each of said plurality of selector switches having a plurality of circularly arranged fixed contacts each connected to one of the taps of one of said plurality of phase win-dings of said transformer and each of said plurality of searranged fixed contacts including outer main contacts and inner auxiliary contacts and each of said plurality of transfer switches further having a plurality of movable contacts cooperating in a predetermined sequcnce with one of said plurality of fixed contacts, each of said plurality of transfer switches being arranged at substantially the same level as one. of said plurality of selector switches;
  • (d) means for controlling the voltage distribution along the stack formed by said plurality of transfer switches ranged fixed contacts including outer main contacts and inner auxiliary contacts and each having an equal number of movable contacts cooperating in a predetermined sequence with said fixed contacts, said plurality of transfer switches having a spacing substantially equal to the spacing of said plurality of selector switches and said fixed auxiliary contacts of lectof hailing P movabla com'acts each of said plurality of transfer switches being cone'ach wlth Sam plurality of fixed Comm; ductively connected to said second end of said constit- (b) means for controlling the voltage distribution along uent resistors of one of Said plurality of groups of Stack foamed by Said plurality of semen switches switching resistors, said plurality of fixed contacts tending to @Smabush of equitlolemial Zoms and said movable contacts of each of said plurality eallh Occupied by Om of Sand mummy of Selector of transfer switches being angularly displaced 120 Sw
  • a load tap changer as specified in claim 6 comprising a common vertical shaft for jointly operating said plurality of transfer switches, said shaft comprising insulating sections alternating with metallic sections, each of said insulating sections being arranged between contiguous of said plurality of transfer switches and each of said metallic sections being substantially coextensive with 50 the hei ht of one of said luralit of transfer switches.
  • a load tap changer fofpolypli ase transformers coml g i Led one of smd pummy of ⁇ mm/fen. prising in combination with a plurality of tapped phase f windings of a polyphase transformer:
  • each of said plurality of phlarhty P i regsselector switches having circularly arranged fixed of each of Sald plurality of gsqups of Switching contacts conductively connected to the taps of one resistors h ving a first end and having a seE-ond end of Said plurality of phqse windings of said trans t v 1 p S U L, r v I c L c I i Q befmg i f Qald first .i e Of.to former and a pair of movable contacts cooperating ua fiked
  • each of said plurality of rel transfer switches having a plurality of circularly arranged fixed contacts including outer main contacts and inner auxiliary contacts supported by said cylindrical contact supporting means and each having movable contacts cooperating in a predetermined sequence with said fixed contacts, each of said plurality of transfer switches being arranged at substantially the same level as one of said plurality of selector switches and one of said plurality of groups of irnpedances, said fixed auxiliary contacts of each of said plurality of transfer switches being conductively connected to said second end of said constituent impedances of one of said plurality of groups of impedances, said plurality of transfer switches being angularly displaced a number of degrees substantially equal to 360 divided by the number of phases of said polyphase transformer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
US204029A 1961-06-22 1962-06-19 Load tap changers for transformers Expired - Lifetime US3176089A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM49421A DE1185715B (de) 1961-06-22 1961-06-22 Stufenschalteinrichtung fuer mehrphasige Hochspannungstransformatoren

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BE (1) BE619135A (de)
CH (1) CH397073A (de)
DE (1) DE1185715B (de)
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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3250864A (en) * 1962-07-04 1966-05-10 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Regulating transformers having a large number of taps
US3366750A (en) * 1963-09-18 1968-01-30 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Switching mechanism for tapped regulating transformers
US3445611A (en) * 1966-07-23 1969-05-20 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Selector switch for load tap-changers of regulating transformers
US3493698A (en) * 1966-07-13 1970-02-03 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Tap-changing transformer including a selector switch and a transfer switch
US3535476A (en) * 1967-08-14 1970-10-20 Collectron Corp Multi-speed encoder
US3590175A (en) * 1968-09-14 1971-06-29 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Composite selector switch and reversing switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
US3902030A (en) * 1973-08-31 1975-08-26 Laurentiv Popa Diverter switch for on-load changers
US4207445A (en) * 1976-10-29 1980-06-10 Asea Aktiebolag On-load tap changer switch assembly
US5523535A (en) * 1992-07-09 1996-06-04 Asea Brown Boveri Ab On-load tap changer
US6849813B1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2005-02-01 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Step switch with selector
US20090071806A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Riming Xiao Off-circuit tap changer device
US20100263996A1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-10-21 Lena Lunn Measuring Contact Sequence In A Tap Changer
EP2528072A1 (de) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-28 ABB Technology AG Transformatorzusatzwicklung
DE102012202105A1 (de) * 2012-02-13 2013-08-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Transformator mit Stufenschalteinrichtung
US9898019B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2018-02-20 Xiaoming Li Thyristor assisted on-load tap changer and method thereof
WO2018148811A1 (en) * 2017-02-16 2018-08-23 Abb Bulgaria Eood Selector with preselector for on-load tap changer

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DE2738481C3 (de) * 1977-08-26 1980-09-18 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck Gmbh & Co Kg, 8400 Regensburg Stufenschalter mit einem in einem zylindrischen Gehäuse sitzenden Lastumschalter und mit einem darunter angeordneten Stufenwähler
AT373095B (de) * 1979-09-11 1983-12-12 Elin Union Ag Stufenschalteranordnung fuer mehrphasige stufentransformatoren

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US611088A (en) * 1898-09-20 Bergk
US1004089A (en) * 1911-02-17 1911-09-26 Jeffrey Mfg Co Controller for electrical apparatus.
US1215549A (en) * 1916-07-26 1917-02-13 Edward W Beardsley Electric-conductor-insulating support.
US1985927A (en) * 1931-10-02 1935-01-01 Jansen Bernhard Step-switch arrangement for tapping transformers
US2253183A (en) * 1940-09-05 1941-08-19 Gen Electric Spring drive mechanism
US2680790A (en) * 1951-03-07 1954-06-08 Jansen Bernhard Load changeover switch for tapped transformers using a combination of contact movements
US2691079A (en) * 1951-03-07 1954-10-05 Jansen Bernhard Load tap selector for tapped transformers with several contact circles per phase
US2723318A (en) * 1951-03-07 1955-11-08 Jansen Bernhard Load selector for tapped transformers with insulating cylinders unrolling within each other
US2833873A (en) * 1956-01-07 1958-05-06 Jansen Bernhard Multi-pole tap switch construction for changing transformer taps under load
FR1262715A (fr) * 1960-04-22 1961-06-05 Commutateur-combinateur, notamment pour cuisinières électriques

Cited By (23)

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US3250864A (en) * 1962-07-04 1966-05-10 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Regulating transformers having a large number of taps
US3366750A (en) * 1963-09-18 1968-01-30 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Switching mechanism for tapped regulating transformers
US3493698A (en) * 1966-07-13 1970-02-03 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Tap-changing transformer including a selector switch and a transfer switch
US3445611A (en) * 1966-07-23 1969-05-20 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Selector switch for load tap-changers of regulating transformers
US3535476A (en) * 1967-08-14 1970-10-20 Collectron Corp Multi-speed encoder
US3590175A (en) * 1968-09-14 1971-06-29 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Composite selector switch and reversing switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
US3902030A (en) * 1973-08-31 1975-08-26 Laurentiv Popa Diverter switch for on-load changers
US4207445A (en) * 1976-10-29 1980-06-10 Asea Aktiebolag On-load tap changer switch assembly
US5523535A (en) * 1992-07-09 1996-06-04 Asea Brown Boveri Ab On-load tap changer
US6849813B1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2005-02-01 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Step switch with selector
US20090071806A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Riming Xiao Off-circuit tap changer device
US7649147B2 (en) * 2007-09-14 2010-01-19 Riming Xiao Off-circuit tap changer device
US20100263996A1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-10-21 Lena Lunn Measuring Contact Sequence In A Tap Changer
US7977589B2 (en) * 2009-04-20 2011-07-12 Abb Technology Ltd. Measuring contact sequence in a tap changer
EP2528072A1 (de) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-28 ABB Technology AG Transformatorzusatzwicklung
WO2012159691A1 (de) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-29 Abb Technology Ag Transformatorzusatzwicklung
CN103563023A (zh) * 2011-05-25 2014-02-05 Abb技术有限公司 变压器附加绕组
US9287036B2 (en) 2011-05-25 2016-03-15 Abb Technology Ag Supplementary transformer winding
CN103563023B (zh) * 2011-05-25 2016-07-06 Abb技术有限公司 变压器绕组和干式变压器
DE102012202105A1 (de) * 2012-02-13 2013-08-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Transformator mit Stufenschalteinrichtung
DE102012202105B4 (de) * 2012-02-13 2014-08-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Transformator mit Stufenschalteinrichtung
US9898019B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2018-02-20 Xiaoming Li Thyristor assisted on-load tap changer and method thereof
WO2018148811A1 (en) * 2017-02-16 2018-08-23 Abb Bulgaria Eood Selector with preselector for on-load tap changer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB953497A (en) 1964-03-25
NL279997A (de)
AT229436B (de) 1963-09-10
BE619135A (fr) 1962-10-15
DE1185715B (de) 1965-01-21
NL123797C (de)
CH397073A (de) 1965-08-15

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