US3151550A - Duplication - Google Patents

Duplication Download PDF

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Publication number
US3151550A
US3151550A US98530A US9853061A US3151550A US 3151550 A US3151550 A US 3151550A US 98530 A US98530 A US 98530A US 9853061 A US9853061 A US 9853061A US 3151550 A US3151550 A US 3151550A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hectograph
master
images
transfer
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US98530A
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English (en)
Inventor
Douglas A Newman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc filed Critical Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc
Priority to US98530A priority Critical patent/US3151550A/en
Priority to DEC26559A priority patent/DE1260493B/de
Priority to GB1?452/62D priority patent/GB1000986A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3151550A publication Critical patent/US3151550A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GREENE, IRA S., TRUSTEE OF COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO. INC.
Assigned to GREENE, IRA S. reassignment GREENE, IRA S. COURT APPOINTMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO INC
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
    • B41M5/46—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography characterised by the light-to-heat converting means; characterised by the heat or radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers
    • B41M5/465—Infrared radiation-absorbing materials, e.g. dyes, metals, silicates, C black
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/04—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet using solvent-soluble dyestuffs on the master sheets, e.g. alcohol-soluble

Definitions

  • This invention relates to hectograph transfer sheets containing magnetically sensible pigment, and to the novel master sheets prepared therewith.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 are diagrammatic cross sections, to an enlarged scale, of hectograph transfer sheets according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic cross sections, to an enlarged scale, of master sheets imaged with the transfer sheets of FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.
  • the objects of the present invention are accomplished by incorporating magnetically sensible pigment into hec' tograph transfer sheets or ribbons, either as an additive to the dyestuif-containing layer as shown in FIG. 1, or as a separate frangible magnetic layer 21 as shown by FIG. 2.
  • the single operation using a single transfer sheet adapts the master sheet to be used in both the hectograph duplicating process and in the magnetic sensing process.
  • a suitable foundation sheet or ribbon 10 which may consist of paper or a suitable plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (Mylar), cellophane or the like, is provided with a single frangible transfer layer 15 which is based upon a suitable wax and/or resin binder and contains a conventional dyestuif such as crystal violet together with magnetic pigment such as iron oxide.
  • the transfer media according to this embodiment may be prepared by coating the foundation with the desired composition by either the hot melt method or by the solvent method depending upon whether the transfer composition is based upon wax or resin.
  • Suitable transfer compositions may be formulated as illustrated in the following examples:
  • Example 1 Ingredients: Parts by weight Carnauba wax 10.0 Raw montan wax 10.0 Beeswax 15.0 Lanolin 10.0 Mineral oil 15.0 Crystal violet 20.0 Iron oxide 20.0
  • Example 2 Ingredients: Parts by weight Ethyl cellulose 5.0 Lanolin 3.0 Mineral oil 15.0 Spirit Black #3 dyestuff (du Pont) 17.0 Metallic iron powder 10.0 Solvent (toluol or the like) 50.0
  • Example 3 Ingredients: Parts by weight Arochlor resin 5460 10.0 Beeswax 5.0 Crystal violet 25.0 Iron filings 15.0
  • the binder for the hectograph transfer material may comprise any conventional wax binders or any suitable resin binders or mixtures thereof.
  • suitable resinous materials include cellulose binders such as ethyl cellulose, vinyl resins such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride and copolymers thereof, polystyrene and copolymers thereof such as Isop'ol P-114-RM (styrene isoprene), chlorinated polyphenylssuch as Arochlor 5460, as well as the rosin modified alkyd resins such as Amberol 750 (unesterified rosin maleic resin).
  • cellulose binders such as ethyl cellulose
  • vinyl resins such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride and copolymers thereof
  • polystyrene and copolymers thereof such as Isop'ol P-114-RM (styrene isoprene)
  • Any suitable magnetic pigment may be used including the various iron oxides such as Black, Brown and Red Iron Oxide, or the convenient forms of metallic iron such as iron powder, iron filings and the like.
  • a suitable foundation sheet or ribbon I is provided with a first surface layer 20, which may comprise any conventional hectograph transfer layer which is based upon wax and/ or resin, and is then provided with a second layer 21 overlying said surface layer, the second layer being based upon resin and/ or wax binder and containing magnetic pigment.
  • the transfer media according to this embodiment may be prepared by the same methods described hereinbefore and using the same ingredients disclosed in connection with the transfer sheets of FIG. 1, although the magnetic pigment and the hectograph dyestulf are present in separate transfer layers 20 and 21 as illustrated by FIGIZ.
  • transfer layer 20 may be any conventional hectograph layer or may be formulated using the ingredients and proportions set forth in Examples 1, 2 or 3 but omitting the magnetic pigment.
  • the magnetic layer 21 must be formuated so as to be transferable to a master sheet, together with the hectograph layer, under the elfects of imaging pressure. It is also preferred that layer 21 be somewhat tacky so as to provide good adherence for both the master sheet and the hectograph layer 20.
  • the magnetic layer may be applied by either the hot melt or solvent coating methods depending upon whether it is based upon waxes or resinous binders. Suitable magnetic transfer compositions may be formulated as follows:
  • Example 4 Ingredients: 7 Parts by Weight Polyvinyl butyrate' (Vinylite XYSG) .300 Iron oxide 30.0 7 Methyl alcohol Q 500.0
  • Example 5 i Ingredients: 7 Parts by weight Carnaubawax' 45.0 Indopol H-300 (polymerized butenes) 9.0 .vBeeswax 6.0 Mineral oil 20.0 Iron oxide 20.0
  • Example 6 Ingredients: Partsby weight Ethyl cellulose N-7 7.0 Iron oxide 10.0 Methyl alcohol 80.0 Water 3.0
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawing illustrate master sheets is not soluble in the conventional spirit duplicating fluids and 'so it is retained'by the images 15a, althoughsome 4 of the hectograph dyestuif is dissolved from the images during the duplicating process.
  • the images on the master sheet are composed of two separate layers 20a and 21a which correspond to layers 20 and 21 of the transfer sheet of FIG. 2.
  • Layer 21a contains the magnetic pigment and is adhered to the master sheet and the overlying dye-containing hectograph duplicating layer 20a.
  • the imaged master sheets or master cards may be sorted, filed, recorded and used in the duplicating process automatically, without the necessity of their coming in contact with the hands, through the use of conventional magnetic data processing equipment.
  • the images on the master sheet or master card are sharp and clear since there is no necessity oftyping on the reverse side of the master through a ribbon, carbon paper or magnetic transfer sheet.
  • the master sheet or card is reverseimaged, it may be passed through the sensing equipment face-down so that the sensing device makes contact with the unimaged reverse side thereof. In this way, the reverse images on the master are reversed with respect to the sensing device and are thus read or sensed indirectreading positive form through the master foundation.
  • hectograph dyestufis contained in layer 15 of FIG. 1 and layer 20 of FIG. 2 there may also be employed colorless complementary color formers such as the gallic acid-iron chloride system as disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,872,863 or the colorless Azo graph system in which colorless dye components are employed as disclosed for instance in US. Patent No. 2,634,677
  • crystal violet lactone provides excellent results when used together with acid treated copy sheets.
  • all of the foregoing color forming materials will be encompassed by the phrase hectograph dyestufif in the appended claims.
  • the master sheets of the present invention may also be duplicated thermographically using well-known heat-reactive copy sheets of the Thermo-Fax type in that the master images contain magnetic pigment such as iron' oxide which also has the property of absorbing infrared radiation and converting it to heat. This is in contrast to conventional hectograph images in which the dyestuffs do not absorb infrared radiation and which cannot 'be thermographically duplicated.
  • a hectograph transfer sheet for the placing of magnetically sensible, thermographically reproducible duplicating images on a master sheet which comprises a flexible foundation having thereon a pressure-sensitive transfer layer comprising hectograph dyestulfand infrared radia tion-absorbing magnetic iron oxide pigment dispersed in a binder material selected from the group consisting of wax and resin and mixtures thereof.
  • a hectograph transfer sheet for the placing of magnetically sensible, thermographically reproducible duplieating images on a master sheet, which comprises a flexible foundation having adhered thereto a pressure-transferable coating.
  • a hectograph dyestuff dispersed in a binder material selected from the group consisting of wax and resin and mixtures thereof and having adhered to said coating a surface layer which is als'o' pressure-trans ferable'and which comprises infrared radiation-absorbing magnetic iron oxide'pigment dispersed in a binder material selected from the group consisting of wax and resin and nnxtures thereof.
  • a hectograph master sheet comprising a flexible foundation having thereon magnetically sensible, thermographically reproducible duplicating images comprising hectograph dyestutf and infrared radiation-absorbing magnetic iron oxide pigment dispersed in'a binder material selected'from the group consisting of wax and resin and mixtures thereof.
  • a hectograph master sheet comprising a flexible References Cited in the file of this patent foundation having thereon magnetically sensible, thermo UNITED STATES PATENTS graphically reproducible duplicating images consisting of two separate layers, the base layer being adhered to the 22 Rqsenblum 1954 foundation and comprising infrared radiation-absorbing 5 M111 1956 magnetic iron oxide pigment dispersed in a binder material 372 Mumma May 2 selected from the group consisting of wax and resin and 2/ 1310 Jones May 1/57 mixtures thereof, and the surface layer being adhered to 2338994 Lem June 1958 the base layer and comprising hectograph dyestuif dis- 2912344 Newman et a1 1959 persed in a binder material selected from the group con- 19 219701534 Manon 1961 2,993,805 Kay July 25, 1961 sisting of Wax and resin and mixtures thereof.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
US98530A 1961-03-27 1961-03-27 Duplication Expired - Lifetime US3151550A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US98530A US3151550A (en) 1961-03-27 1961-03-27 Duplication
DEC26559A DE1260493B (de) 1961-03-27 1962-03-23 Hektographischer Farbuebertragungsbogen und hiermit hergestellte Druckform
GB1?452/62D GB1000986A (en) 1961-03-27 1962-03-26 Improvements in or relating to hectographic sheets

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US98530A US3151550A (en) 1961-03-27 1961-03-27 Duplication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3151550A true US3151550A (en) 1964-10-06

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Country Link
US (1) US3151550A (de)
DE (1) DE1260493B (de)
GB (1) GB1000986A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289579A (en) * 1961-03-08 1966-12-06 Block & Anderson Ltd Duplicating master sheets
US3337361A (en) * 1964-01-06 1967-08-22 Kee Lox Mfg Company Process of making pressure sensitive transfer sheet
US3416942A (en) * 1961-10-11 1968-12-17 Koreska Gmbh W Direct-transfer copy sheet
US3505955A (en) * 1966-01-17 1970-04-14 Gerhard Ritzerfeld Method and arrangement for producing printing forms
US3849170A (en) * 1971-04-01 1974-11-19 Standard Register Co Coating composition for optical projection
EP0552251A1 (de) * 1990-10-04 1993-07-28 Rexham Graphics Inc. Bilderzeugung/aufzeichnung durch verbesserte abtragungs-übertragung

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2671734A (en) * 1949-03-25 1954-03-09 Rose Ribbon & Carbon Mfg Co In Nonsmudging transfer sheet
US2740896A (en) * 1947-05-10 1956-04-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of using heat sensitive copying paper
US2744031A (en) * 1949-10-15 1956-05-01 Ncr Co Sheet having a transferable coating containing magnetizable material
US2791310A (en) * 1952-06-28 1957-05-07 Rca Corp Character printing and encoding apparatus
US2838994A (en) * 1956-04-11 1958-06-17 Dick Co Ab Elements for use in practice of spirit duplication process
US2912344A (en) * 1957-10-11 1959-11-10 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Pressure-sensitive transfer element for placing smudge-resistant marks
US2970534A (en) * 1952-03-27 1961-02-07 Dick Co Ab Planographic printing plates and methods for manufacturing same
US2993805A (en) * 1958-09-12 1961-07-25 Ibm Method of printing on vesicular material

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2740896A (en) * 1947-05-10 1956-04-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of using heat sensitive copying paper
US2671734A (en) * 1949-03-25 1954-03-09 Rose Ribbon & Carbon Mfg Co In Nonsmudging transfer sheet
US2744031A (en) * 1949-10-15 1956-05-01 Ncr Co Sheet having a transferable coating containing magnetizable material
US2970534A (en) * 1952-03-27 1961-02-07 Dick Co Ab Planographic printing plates and methods for manufacturing same
US2791310A (en) * 1952-06-28 1957-05-07 Rca Corp Character printing and encoding apparatus
US2838994A (en) * 1956-04-11 1958-06-17 Dick Co Ab Elements for use in practice of spirit duplication process
US2912344A (en) * 1957-10-11 1959-11-10 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Pressure-sensitive transfer element for placing smudge-resistant marks
US2993805A (en) * 1958-09-12 1961-07-25 Ibm Method of printing on vesicular material

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289579A (en) * 1961-03-08 1966-12-06 Block & Anderson Ltd Duplicating master sheets
US3416942A (en) * 1961-10-11 1968-12-17 Koreska Gmbh W Direct-transfer copy sheet
US3337361A (en) * 1964-01-06 1967-08-22 Kee Lox Mfg Company Process of making pressure sensitive transfer sheet
US3505955A (en) * 1966-01-17 1970-04-14 Gerhard Ritzerfeld Method and arrangement for producing printing forms
US3849170A (en) * 1971-04-01 1974-11-19 Standard Register Co Coating composition for optical projection
EP0552251A1 (de) * 1990-10-04 1993-07-28 Rexham Graphics Inc. Bilderzeugung/aufzeichnung durch verbesserte abtragungs-übertragung
EP0552251A4 (en) * 1990-10-04 1993-08-18 Graphics Technology International Inc. Improved ablation-transfer imaging/recording

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1260493B (de) 1968-02-08
GB1000986A (en) 1965-08-11

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION (IBM C

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GREENE, IRA S., TRUSTEE OF COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO. INC.;REEL/FRAME:003933/0208

Effective date: 19811102

AS Assignment

Owner name: GREENE, IRA S 275 MADISON AVE.NEW YORK,N.Y.10016

Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO INC;REEL/FRAME:004035/0217

Effective date: 19820629