US3113369A - Yarn manufacture and products obtained thereby - Google Patents

Yarn manufacture and products obtained thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
US3113369A
US3113369A US25902A US2590260A US3113369A US 3113369 A US3113369 A US 3113369A US 25902 A US25902 A US 25902A US 2590260 A US2590260 A US 2590260A US 3113369 A US3113369 A US 3113369A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
weight
filaments
parts
solids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US25902A
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English (en)
Inventor
Homer D Barrett
Robert T Estes
Jr George C Stow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Monsanto Chemicals Ltd
Monsanto Chemical Co
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Monsanto Chemicals Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Chemicals Ltd filed Critical Monsanto Chemicals Ltd
Priority to US25902A priority Critical patent/US3113369A/en
Priority to GB13027/61A priority patent/GB934893A/en
Priority to BE603204D priority patent/BE603204A/xx
Priority to FR860316A priority patent/FR1287940A/fr
Priority to NL264192D priority patent/NL264192A/xx
Priority to DK176861AA priority patent/DK109933C/da
Priority to CH508761A priority patent/CH415942A/fr
Priority to DEC24025A priority patent/DE1239057B/de
Priority to SE5141/63A priority patent/SE310349B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3113369A publication Critical patent/US3113369A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/221—Preliminary treatments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/284—Esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/402—Castor oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/46—Textile oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/04—Oxidation, e.g. ozonisation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/04—Polyester fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/09—Polyolefin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/10—Polyvinyl halide esters or alcohol fiber modification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/21—Nylon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to an improved method for producing organic filamentary materials and to improved products resulting therefrom. More particularly, it relates to an improved method for producing filaments and yarns from synthetic linear superpolymers and to cabled structures embodying the filaments and yarns produced in accordance therewith.
  • a common procedure is to employ two filament advancing devices generally known as a feed roll and draw roll. Filament stretching is achieved by running these rolls at differential speeds with the amount of stretching or drawing being determined by the ratio of the peripheral speeds of the two rolls.
  • a braking device is sometimes placed between the feed roll and draw roll.
  • the braking device consists of a pin, called the draw pin around which the yarn is wrapped a number of times.
  • the draw pin introduces frictional drag on the moving filaments which causes stretching to take place in the area of the draw pin.
  • the introduction of frictional drag to localize stretching is utilized in those instances where there is a tendency for non-uniform drawing to occur since greater uniformity can be obtained by employing this procedure.
  • the heating may be carried out by inserting a hot pin, a hot plate, or hot fluid bath between the feed roll and draw rolls of the drawing apparatus or by using a heated feed roll. Elevated temperatures are effective because intermolecular forces are diminished by the resulting increase in molecular activity, and therefore the ratio of the force required to draw the yarn to that required to break it is lessened. Permissible temperatures which may be used in hot drawing vary somewhat with the nature of the polymer from which the yarn is formed, since the maximum temperature which can be employed is limited by the polymer melting point. It is a common practice to employ a hot drawing technique when processing yarn for use in products which require great tensile strength, as for example in the manufacture of reinforcement cords for inflatable tires.
  • a particularly troublesome problem encountered when drawing at either ambient or elevated temperatures is the occurrence of filament breakage during the drawing operation.
  • one or more individual filaments in the thread line may break and wrap around the draw roll or as sometimes happens the entire thread line may break, in which case production is stopped until adjustments can be made.
  • Such filament breakage not only affects labor requirements and productivity, but the product quality is also affected in an adverse manner.
  • filamentary materials formed from synthetic linear polyamides, polyesters, polypropylene and like synthetic linear polymers are commonly used in the production of cabled structures such as rope and various ty e cords which are used to reinforce rubber products such as, for example, rubber tires, transmission belts, hose and the like.
  • cabled structures are generally made by twisting and plying together one or more strands of yarn each of which have been previously subjected to a drawing operation in accordance with the procedure as described hereinabove.
  • cord structures manufactured from synthetic linear ploymers are employed as reinforcing materials in a wide variety of ruber products, an exceptionally large market has developed in the pneumtaic tire field.
  • an object of this invention is to improve the process step of drawing synthetic linear polymers.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing improved cabled structures from synthetic linear polymeric materials.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a method for producing superior reinforceemnt cords for rubber structures from synthetic linear polymeric materials.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing tire cord for use in reinforcing infiatable rubber tires having a greater resistance to compression-extension fatigue and consequently an increased flex life.
  • the objects of this invention are achieved by treating synthetic polymeric filaments before they are drawn with a composition which contains a wax as the essential element.
  • a composition which contains a wax as the essential element In addition to the essential wax component, one or more emulsifying agents and an aqueous vehicle are included as part of the treating composition.
  • a lubricant such as mineral oil, fatty acid esters and the like may also be added if desired.
  • the wax component may be selected from a wide variety of waxes.
  • waxes there may be employed japan wax, ceresin, carnauba, candelilla, ozocerite, montan wax, parafiin waxes, microcrystalline waxes or any other natural wax.
  • the various synthetic waxes such as, the phthalimides, polymers of ethylene oxide such as Carbo wax, terphenyls such as Santowax, the polyalkylenes such as polyethylene may also be employed with good results.
  • the waxes may be oxidized or non-oxidized and should preferably have a melting point of between 50 C. to 140 C. and a penetration at 77 F. of between 1 and in accordance with ASTM test method D-l321-55T. Additional properties that are desirable but not critical when employing oxidized waxes are an acid number of between 10 and 50 and a saponification number of between 30 and 100.
  • Microcrystalline waxes are those waxes which have a finer, less apparent crystalline structure than parafiin wax and which comprise a solid hydrocarbon mixture of molecular weight averaging higher than paraflin wax. These waxes possess plastic properties and are obtainable from crude petroleum fractions. All microcrystalline waxes are of about the same molecular weight and are said to be composed of hydrocarbon chains of twice the length of those of the microcrystalline waxes.
  • Commercially available products are exemplified by Crown Wax 23, Crown R50, Bareco Wax C-750O and C-6500 of the Petrolite Chemical Corporation, and Cardis 320, Mekon Y-20 and Fortex of the Warwick Wax Company.
  • any of the known emulsifying agents which are capable of dispersing wax in an aqueous medium to form an emulsion which is stable over extended periods of time and at elevated temperatures, may be employed in the practice of this invention. While a number of available emulsifiers can be employed, the amine soaps are particularly suitable.
  • the amine soap may be derived from a fatty acid containing at least about 8 carbon atoms with from about 12 to 22 carbon atoms being preferred. Oleic acid is highly suitable, but such fatty acids as lauric, palmitic, myristic, stearic, behenic and the like may be used if desired either in whole or in part. Animal, marine and vegetable oils are suitable sources for the fatty components of these soaps.
  • any water-soluble aliphatic amine may be employed in forming the soap, but the lower alkylolamines are preferred as exemplified by the primary, secondary, and tertiary amines of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol and the several butanols. Triethanolamine and Z-amino 2-methyl l-propanol are particularly outstanding for this purpose.
  • Other suitable amines include the various primary, secondary and tertiary methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and butyl amines and morpholine.
  • the amine soaps may be either prepared in advance or in situ by the addition of the amine and an appropriate fatty acid to the aqueous vehicle.
  • a non-ionic surface active agent as a part of the emulsifying system in that these materials tend to suppress the accumulation of static during the drawing operation in addition to providing increased emulsion stability.
  • agents of this type which may be employed are the polyoxyethylene ethers of a long chain fatty alcohol or thiol and the polyoxyethylene esters derived from long chain fatty acids.
  • the long chain fatty alcohols and long chain fatty acids from which these materials are formed may contain from about 12 to 40 bo atoms in their alkyl chains and these chains may be straight or branched.
  • the fatty acids and fatty alcohols may be commercially pure single compounds or mixtures of such single compounds of one type, ie acids or alcohols, or they may be mixtures that are obtained from naturally occurring products.
  • Suitable long chain fatty alcohols are, for example, dodecyl alcohol, tri
  • the alkylated phenols such as octyl phenol and nonyl phenol may also be employed.
  • Suitable long chain acids are, for example, lauric acid, oleic acid and the mixture of acids derived from cocoanut oil.
  • ethylene oxide may be permitted to act directly on the long chain fatty alcohols and long chain fatty acids.
  • the long chain fatty acids and long chain fatty alcohols may be reacted with a polyethylene glycol.
  • the length of the polyethylene oxide chain may be varied over a considerable range, satisfactory results having been obtained with chain lengths of from about 2 to 50 ethylene oxide units.
  • a particularly effective non-ionic emulsifier of this type is the adduct formed by reacting 1 mol of tridecyl alcohol with an average of 9 mols of ethylene oxide.
  • a lubricating oil may be included as a part of the yarn treating compositions of this invention.
  • the oils may be of vegetable, marine, or of petroleum origin.
  • vegetable oils there may be mentioned linseed, soybean, corn, peanut, castor, rapeseed and olive oils.
  • Suitable marine oils are menhaden oil, whale oil and sperm oil.
  • Applicable mineral oils are those whose viscosities vary between the kerosenes and the heavy motor oils with a highly refined, colorless mineral oil being preferred.
  • Mineral oils having Saybolt viscosities of from 30 to 180 seconds at F. are considered of especial advantage.
  • synthetic lubricants- may also be used to advantage.
  • the synthetic lubricating oils which can be suitably employed are the various polyalkylene glycols, commercially available from the Carbide and Carbon Chemical Company and known commercially as Ucons.
  • the fatty acid esters can be used to advantage.
  • the esters may be either mono-, di-, triesters, etc., or mixtures thereof.
  • the fatty acid portion of the ester can contain anywhere from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and may be derived from such fatty acids as acetic, propionic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, adipic, azelaic, benzoic, citric, abietic, fumaric, phthalic, oleic, ricinolec, sebacic, succinic, tartaric, etc.
  • the alcohol portion may be derived from either monohydric or polyhydric alcohols which contain from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable examples are methanol, ethanol, Z-methyl l-propanol, l-pentanol, heptanol, glycerol, hexitol, sorbitol, mannitol, pentaerythritol and many others.
  • esters are isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, isopropyl myristate, isobutyl laurate, methyl abietate, dibutyl adipate, di-isooctyl adipate, di-2-ethylbutyl azelate, glycerol monoacetate, glycerol tripropionate, di-n-butyl maleate, n-propyl oleate, amyl oleate, isopropyl palmitate, isooctyl palmitate, dimethyl phthalate, butyl octyl phthalate, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, isobutyl ricinoleate, glycerol monoricinoleate, dioctyl sebacate, n-butyl stearate, octyl stearate, dibutyl succinate, diethy
  • R designates saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radicals. Either one or two of the R groups contain from 1 to 5 carbon atoms having at most one double bond while the remaining R group or groups may contain from 12 to 22 carbon atoms with from 0 to 5 double bonds.
  • the location of the shorter carbon chain aliphatic radicals with respect to the glyceryl radical is not of critical importance, i.e. it may be in either the alpha, beta or gamma position.
  • suitable compounds of this type are glycerol mono-ricinoleate di-acetate, glycerol mono-linoleate di-acetate, glycerol mono-linolenate diacetate, glycerol mono-acetate di-linoleate, glycerol monoacetate di-ricinoleate, glycerol mono-laurate di-butyrate, glycerol mono-laurate di-valerate, etc.
  • phosphoric acid derivatives may also be suitably employed.
  • examples of such compounds include triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tri-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, tri-dimethylphenyl phosphate, diphenyl mono-o-xenyl phosphate, trip-tert-butylphenyl phosphate, diethyl ethylphosphonate, dibutyl butylphosphonate, bis (Z-ethylhexyl) 2-ethylhexylphosphonate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphite, etc.
  • the aqueous emulsions which are used in the practice of this invention can contain up to 30 percent solids by weight without exceeding the viscosity limits normally used for conditioning agents used in yarn production, with from about to percent solids being generally preferred.
  • solids as used herein, there is meant the totality of ingredients exclusive of the aqueous vehicle without regard to physical state.
  • the solids may contain from 10 to 90 percent by weight of the essential wax ingredient and from 10 to 90 percent total of one or more emulsifying agents. In those instances where a mineral oil or other lubricating oil, such as described hereinabove, is employed, this component may be present in an amount constituting up to 80 percent by weight based on the total weight of the solids present.
  • a simple and convenient method is to merely heat the solid materials together until melted into a blend and then add the molten blend of ingredients to the aqueous vehicle with vigorous mechanical agitation. During this addition step, the water should be maintained at an elevated temperature which is near to or at the boiling point.
  • the above-described treating agent is applied to the filaments or yarn prior to drawing.
  • a conventional and convenient technique of application is to contact the yarn while moving or advancing in the course of production with a roll which is made to rotate so that its lower portion dips into a pan containing the treating composition.
  • the treating agent is pumped from a reservoir to the pan or other container and a constant level is maintained by an overflow pipe or similar device.
  • Other suitable methods and devices may be employed such as the use of a wick or split roll or the yarn may be passed through a bath containing the treating agent.
  • Example I A bundle of filaments, comprising 140 in number and having a total denier of 4500 was formed by the melt extrusion of a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer, commonly known as nylon 66. The thus formed filaments were then brought together in the form of a yarn which was treated with an aqueous emulsion which contained 12 parts by weight of solids.
  • the solids content consisted of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax with a melting point of between and C., 25 parts by weight of a mineral oil having a Saybolt viscosity of 50 seconds at 100 F., 17 parts by weight of the amine soap formed from stoichiometric amounts of 2-amino 2-methyl 1-propanol and oleic acid, and 25 parts by weight of the adduct formed by reacting 1 mol of tridecyl alcohol with 9 mols of ethylene oxide.
  • the treating agent was applied by means of a rotating roll in an amount such that 0.39 percent solids were deposited on the yarn, based on the weight of the yarn.
  • the yarn was then taken up on a spin bobbin from where it was passed to a conventional drawtwist machine where it was hot drawn to a tenacity of 8.54 grams per denier.
  • drawtwist performance the number of thread line breaks and draw roll wraps (broken filaments wrapped on the draw roll) were determined and recorded.
  • Example 11 A multi-iilament yarn comprising a bundle of filaments and having a total denier of 4500, was formed by the melt extrusion of a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer. The yarn was then treated with an aqueous emulsion which contained 12 parts by weight of solids. The solids content consisted of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax with a melting point of between 100 C.
  • the treating agent was applied by means of a rotating roll in an amount such that 0.39 percent solids were deposited on the yarn, based on the weight of the yarn.
  • the yarn was then taken up on a spin bobbin from where it was passed to a conventional drawtwist machine where it was hot drawn to a tenacity of 8.54 grams per denier.
  • Example I the thread line breaks and draw roll wraps were noted and recorded.
  • Example 111 Yarn identical to that described in Example I and Example II was impregnated before being drawn with a commercially used conditioning agent having a combination of sulfonated peanut oil and a mineral oil as essential components. The application was made in an amount such that 0.85 percent solid material, based on the weight of the yarn was deposited thereon. The yarn was then hot drawn under the identical conditions which were employed in Example I and Example II and to a tenacity which was of substantially the same value.
  • a commercially used conditioning agent having a combination of sulfonated peanut oil and a mineral oil as essential components.
  • the application was made in an amount such that 0.85 percent solid material, based on the weight of the yarn was deposited thereon.
  • the yarn was then hot drawn under the identical conditions which were employed in Example I and Example II and to a tenacity which was of substantially the same value.
  • conditioning agents of this invention improve the drawing operation to an extent which is even greater than that of one of the most efiective of such agents in the prior practice.
  • a hot drawing procedure with high denier yarn has been used for illustrative purposes in the above examples, equally good results are obtainable with lower denier yarns and in drawing at ambient temperatures.
  • the practice of this invention not only facilitates the yarn drawing process step, but surprising and outstanding improvements in ultimate products are also realized.
  • ultimate products which are greatly improved when produced from yarn which has been processed in accordance with this invention are those which are subjected to compression and/or extension strains during service such as, for example, supporting cables, fish nets, rope, reinforcement cords for rubber structures including pneumatic tires, conveyor belts, power transmission belts, steam hose and various other cabled structures.
  • the product advantages are illustrated in the following examples.
  • Example IV Yarn produced from a polyhexamethylene adiparnide polymer and having a drawn denier of 840/ 140 was impregnated before drawing with one of the better commercial conditioning agents to the 1.45 percent level based on the weight of yarn. The yarn was then hot drawn at a standard draw ratio for tire cord and thereafter twisted and plied into a cord structure.
  • Example V Yarn produced from a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer and having a drawn denier of 840/ 140 was impregnated prior to drawing with an aqueous emulsion having a solids content consisting of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point of from about 100 C. to 105 C., 25 parts by weight of a mineral oil having a Saybolt viscosity of 50 seconds at 100 F., 17 parts by weight of the amine soap formed from equivalent weights of 2-arnino Z methyl 1-propanol and oleic acid, and 25 parts by weight of the adduct formed by the reaction of 1 mol of tridecyl alcohol with 9 mols of ethylene oxide. The amount of solids deposited on the yarn was at a level of 0.56 percent based on the weight of the yarn. The yarn was then drawn at an elevated temperature to a standard draw ratio for tire cord and thereafter twisted and plied into a cord structure.
  • Example VI Yarn produced from a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer and having a drawn denier of 840/140 was impregnated prior to drawing with an aqueous emulsion having a solids content consisting of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax with a melting point of from about 100 C. to 105 C., 25 parts by weight of a mineral oil having a Saybolt viscosity of 50 seconds at 100 F, 34 parts by weight of the amine soap formed from equivalent weights of 2-amino 2-methyl 1-propanol and oleic acid, and 8 parts by weight of the adduct formed by the reaction of 1 mol of tridecyl alcohol with 9 mols of ethylene oxide. The amount of solids deposited on the yarn was at a level of 0.40 percent based on the Weight of the yarn. The yarn was then hot drawn to a standard draw ratio customarily used for tire cord and thereafter twisted and plied into a cord structure.
  • Example VII Yarn produced from a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer and having a drawn denier of 840/140 was impregnated prior to drawing with an aqueous emulsion hav: ing a solids content consisting of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax with a melting point of between 100 C.
  • the tire cords of the above examples were built into the walls of pneumatic rubber tires in accordance with the conventional procedure.
  • the tires were inflated to 30 p.s.i.g. maximum pressure and then subjected to the well known wheel test which comprises running a tire under a given load against a belt to simulate road conditions.
  • a 1585 lb. load was employed while the wheel was run at a speed equivalent to 45 mph. with the room temperature being maintained at F.
  • polyhexamethylene adipamide polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polyoctamethylene adipamide, polyoctamethylene sebacamide, the self polymerization product of 6-aminocaproic acid and also omego-aminoundecanoic acid, polypyrrolidone and others in addition to the many copolymers thereof;
  • synthetic linear polyesters e.g. polyethylene terephthalate and the polyester derived from the reaction of terephthalic acid and trans-bis-1,4-(hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, and various modified polyesters;
  • hydrocarbon polymers e.g.
  • An improved method for imparting molecular orientation to filaments formed from synthetic linear polymers comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with a wax-containing aqueous emulsion and thereafter drawing the thus impregnated filaments to impart molecular orientation thereto.
  • An improved method for imparting molecular orientation to filaments formed from synthetic linear polymers comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to a drawing operation with an aqueous emulsion containing up to 30 parts by weight of solids, said solids comprising from about 10 to 90 parts by weight of a Wax, up to about 80 parts by weight of another lubricant and from about 10 to 90 parts by weight of an emulsifying agent, and thereafter drawing the thus impregnated filaments to impart molecular orientation thereto.
  • An improved method for imparting molecular orientation to polyamide filaments comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with an aqueous emulsion containing from about 10 to 15 parts by weight of solids, said solids consisting of from about 10 to 75 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax, from about 5 to 65 parts by weight of a fatty acid ester wherein the fatty acid portion of said ester contains from about 1 to 22 carbon atoms and the alcohol portion from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, from about 7 to 50 parts by weight of the amine soap formed from stoichiometric quantities of 2-amino 2-methyl 1-propanol and oleic acid, 5 to 40 parts by weight of the adduct formed by condensing 1 mol of tridecyl alcohol with 9 mols of ethylene oxide, said solids being deposited in an amount of from about 0.1 to 2.0 percent by weight based on the weight of said filaments, and thereafter drawing the thus impregnated filaments to impart mo
  • An improved method for producing cabled structures from synthetic linear polymeric filaments comprising 10 the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with a wax-containing aqueous emulsion; drawing the thus impregnated filaments to impart molecular orientation thereto and thereafter plying a plurality of said filaments into a cabled structure.
  • An improved method for producing reinforcement cords for rubber structures from synthetic linear polymeric filaments comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with a wax-containing aqueous emulsion; drawing the thus impregnated filaments to impart molecular orientation thereto and thereafter plying a plurality of said filaments into a cord structure.
  • a composite product comprising a rubber composition and a reinforcement cord in adhering relation therewith, said reinforcement cord being produced from a plurality of synthetic linear polymeric filaments in accordance with the method of claim 7.
  • a pneumatic tire which comprises rubber and reinforcing cords, said cords being produced from a plurality of organic filaments in accordance with the method of claim 7.
  • An improved method for producing reinforcement cords for rubber structures from synthetic linear polymeric filaments comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with an aqueous emulsion containing from about 10 to 15 parts by weight of solids, said solids consisting of from about 10 to 15 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point in the range of from 50 C.
  • a lubricant selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid ester wherein the fatty acid portion of said ester contains from about 1 to 22 carbon atoms and the alcohol portion from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and a mineral oil having a Saybolt viscosity of 50 seconds at F., from about 7 to 50 parts by weight of the amine soap formed from stoichiometric quantities of 2-amino 2-methyl 1-propanol and oleic acid and from about 5 to 40 parts by Weight of the adduct obtained by reacting 1 mol of tridecyl alcohol with 9 mols of ethylene oxide, said solids being deposited in an amount of from 0.1 to 2 percent by weight based on the weight of the filaments; drawing the thus impregnated filaments to impart molecular orientation thereto and thereafter plying a plurality of said filaments into a cord structure.
  • a lubricant selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid ester wherein the fatty acid portion of said ester contains from about
  • a composite product comprising a rubber composition and a reinforcement cord in adhering relation therewith, said reinforcement cord being produced from a plurality of synthetic linear polymeric filaments in accordance with the method of claim 10.
  • a pneumatic tire which comprises rubber and reinforcing cords, said cords being produced from a plurality of synthetic linear polymeric filaments in accordance with the method of claim 10.
  • An improved method for producing reinforcement cords for rubber structures from polyamide filaments comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with an aqueous emulsion containing from about 10 to 15 parts by weight of solids, said solids consisting of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax with a melting point of between 100 C.
  • An improved method for producing reinforcement cords for rubber structures from polyamide filaments 1 1 comprising the steps of impregnating said filaments prior to the conduct of a drawing operation with an aqueous emulsion containing from about 10 to 15 parts by weight of solids, said solids consisting of 33 parts by weight of a microcrystalline wax with a melting point of between 100 C.

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US25902A 1960-05-02 1960-05-02 Yarn manufacture and products obtained thereby Expired - Lifetime US3113369A (en)

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US25902A US3113369A (en) 1960-05-02 1960-05-02 Yarn manufacture and products obtained thereby
GB13027/61A GB934893A (en) 1960-05-02 1961-04-11 Improvements in the manufacture of synthetic linear polymer filaments
FR860316A FR1287940A (fr) 1960-05-02 1961-04-28 Perfectionnements au procédé de fabrication de matières filamenteuses de polymères organiques, concernant plus particulièrement l'opération d'étirage
NL264192D NL264192A (en, 2012) 1960-05-02 1961-04-28
BE603204D BE603204A (en, 2012) 1960-05-02 1961-04-28
DK176861AA DK109933C (da) 1960-05-02 1961-05-01 Fremgangsmåde ved fremstilling af molekylarorienterede filamenter af syntetiske, lineære polymere.
CH508761A CH415942A (fr) 1960-05-02 1961-05-01 Procédé pour conférer une orientation moléculaire à des filaments formés à partir de polymères linéaires synthétiques
DEC24025A DE1239057B (de) 1960-05-02 1961-05-02 Verfahren zum Verbessern der Eigenschaften von aus synthetischen linearen Polymerisaten hergestellten Faeden
SE5141/63A SE310349B (en, 2012) 1960-05-02 1963-05-09

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US2075777A (en) * 1933-06-26 1937-03-30 Worcester Tire Fabric Company Tire carcass cord and manufacture of same
US2067219A (en) * 1933-11-02 1937-01-12 Celanese Corp Treatment of filaments, films, and textile fabrics
US2393863A (en) * 1942-03-26 1946-01-29 Bakelite Corp Antistatic composition
US2418927A (en) * 1943-06-03 1947-04-15 Freund Herbert Coating or sizing treatment of yarns
US2663989A (en) * 1949-03-19 1953-12-29 Schlatter Carl Coated articles and textiles and emulsions for producing them
US2626887A (en) * 1949-05-03 1953-01-27 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Rayon tire cord and method of making same
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US2853451A (en) * 1955-03-04 1958-09-23 Celanese Corp Lubricating agents
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US2964470A (en) * 1956-03-19 1960-12-13 American Viscose Corp Tire cord fiber lubricant
US2990604A (en) * 1956-07-18 1961-07-04 Ici Ltd Process of thermally treating and lubricating polyethylene terephthalate filaments and yarns

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US3251913A (en) * 1960-06-03 1966-05-17 Ici Ltd Production of a sheath-core polyester filament of enhanced dyeability
US3279943A (en) * 1960-06-09 1966-10-18 Monsanto Co Polyamide filamentary yarn
US3218222A (en) * 1960-06-09 1965-11-16 Monsanto Co Rubber article reinforced with nylon filaments
US3511677A (en) * 1963-02-28 1970-05-12 Du Pont Process for preparation of a sized zero-twist synthetic fiber yarn and product thereof
US3329758A (en) * 1963-06-17 1967-07-04 Monsanto Co Treating polyester filament with a surface active compound to permit lagging before drawing
US3307971A (en) * 1963-09-30 1967-03-07 Sutures Inc Methods of altering the surface characteristics of solid resin surfaces and articlesproduced thereby
US3427192A (en) * 1964-05-20 1969-02-11 Deering Milliken Res Corp Textile sizing composition
US3341452A (en) * 1965-02-25 1967-09-12 Du Pont Textile lubricant
US3434874A (en) * 1965-09-28 1969-03-25 Du Pont Acrylic fibers
US3485913A (en) * 1965-10-20 1969-12-23 Toho Beslon Co New method of manufacturing acrylic fibers and the related products
US3433008A (en) * 1965-11-19 1969-03-18 Du Pont Bulked yarn
US3322125A (en) * 1966-04-04 1967-05-30 Sutures Inc Sutures and method of making same
US3335209A (en) * 1966-05-18 1967-08-08 Monsanto Co Method of treating polyester filaments
US3541075A (en) * 1968-01-16 1970-11-17 Monsanto Co Method of producing soil resistant fibers
US3542900A (en) * 1968-06-21 1970-11-24 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Silicone rubber composition having polyester filaments embedded therein
US3846532A (en) * 1969-01-29 1974-11-05 Bayer Ag Continuous spinning and stretching process of the production of polyamide-6 filaments
US3630259A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-12-28 Monsanto Co Synthetic yarn coated with a spin finish and process for producing the same
US4042662A (en) * 1970-05-13 1977-08-16 Akzona Incorporated Continuous melt spinning and drawing of nylon 6 yarn, while reducing the liveliness of the yarn
US3776766A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-12-04 Hoechst Ag Process for improving the processing properties of polyester filaments and fibres
US3914177A (en) * 1972-03-22 1975-10-21 Pvo International Inc Hydroxy pivalyl hydroxy pivalate esters and method of treating textile filaments therewith
US3928212A (en) * 1972-07-12 1975-12-23 Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd Harmless softening agent for fabrics having excellent moisture absorbability
US3993805A (en) * 1972-07-31 1976-11-23 Concorde Fibers Inc. Method of applying liquid finish composition to filaments
DE2356919A1 (de) * 1972-11-27 1974-06-06 M & T Chemicals Inc Verfahren zur behandlung von fasern
US3951825A (en) * 1973-08-29 1976-04-20 Eastman Kodak Company Textile treating composition and textile yarn treated therewith
US4039715A (en) * 1973-08-29 1977-08-02 Eastman Kodak Company Textile treating composition and textile yarn treated therewith
US3907689A (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-09-23 Eastman Kodak Co Textile treating composition and textile yarn treated therewith
US3853607A (en) * 1973-10-18 1974-12-10 Du Pont Synthetic filaments coated with a lubricating finish
US4049766A (en) * 1974-12-09 1977-09-20 Akzona Incorporated Process for improving crystallinity in nylon 6
US4111818A (en) * 1976-04-28 1978-09-05 Dow Badische Company Processability of melt spun yarns
US4137181A (en) * 1976-08-19 1979-01-30 Hoechst Fibers Industries Staple fiber, finish therefor and process for use of same
US4179543A (en) * 1976-08-19 1979-12-18 Hoechst Fibers Industries, Division Of American Hoechst Corporation Staple fiber, finish therefor and process for use of same
US4294883A (en) * 1976-08-19 1981-10-13 Hoechst Fibers Industries, Div. Of American Hoechst Corporation Staple fiber, finish therefor and process for use of same
US4086949A (en) * 1977-02-25 1978-05-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Filaments coated with a fatigue reducing finish comprising a poly(vinyl alkyl ether) used as reinforcements in rubber articles
US4124543A (en) * 1977-03-11 1978-11-07 Kao Soap Company Anti-static agent composition
US4210700A (en) * 1978-09-15 1980-07-01 Allied Chemical Corporation Production of polyester yarn
US4375444A (en) * 1979-09-20 1983-03-01 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method for the elimination of circumferential stress cracks in spun polyesters
US4328108A (en) * 1979-09-20 1982-05-04 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Composition for the elimination of circumferential stress cracks in spun polyesters
US4371658A (en) * 1980-05-05 1983-02-01 Allied Corporation Polyamide yarn spin finish containing a glyceride and oxidized polyethylene
US4382993A (en) * 1981-06-08 1983-05-10 Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. Tire cord finish, polyester cord produced therewith and tires using the polyester cord
US4816336A (en) * 1986-04-04 1989-03-28 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Synthetic fiber having high neutralized alkyl phosphate ester finish level
US4900496A (en) * 1986-09-26 1990-02-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for making a tire cord using yarns containing a dip penetration regulator
US5096778A (en) * 1986-09-26 1992-03-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Dip penetration regulators for tire yarns
US5139873A (en) * 1989-09-05 1992-08-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Highly processable aromatic polyamide fibers, their production and use
US5270113A (en) * 1989-09-05 1993-12-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Highly processable aromatic polyamide fibers, their production and use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1287940A (fr) 1962-03-16
DK109933C (da) 1968-08-05
CH415942A (fr) 1966-06-30
NL264192A (en, 2012) 1964-06-10
DE1239057B (de) 1967-04-20
BE603204A (en, 2012) 1961-10-30
GB934893A (en) 1963-08-21
SE310349B (en, 2012) 1969-04-28

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