US3687721A

US3687721A - Polyester multifilament yarns

Info

Publication number: US3687721A
Application number: US825987A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kimon C Dardoufas
Original assignee: Allied Chemical Corp
Current assignee: Allied Corp
Priority date: 1969-05-19
Filing date: 1969-05-19
Publication date: 1972-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 1989-08-29
Also published as: CH656370A4; DE2021850A1; BE749800A; CH505918A; FR2046557A5; NL7006406A

Abstract

AN IMPROVED MULTIFILAMENT YARN HAVING A LUBRICATING PROTECTIVE FILM ALLOWING HIGHER STRETCHING FOR INCREASED MOLECULAR ORIENTATION IS PREPARED BY APPLYING TO THE YARN A LIQUID COMPOSITION OF ABOUT 0.4 TO ABOUT 1.5 WEIGHT PERCENT BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE YARN, SAID FILM COMPOSITION COMPRISING DECAGLYCEROL TETRAOLEATE, GLYCEROL MONOOLEATE, ETHOXYLATED TALL OIL FATTY ACID, SULFATED GLYCEROL TRIOLEATE, ETHOXYLATED ALKYLAMINE AND A LUBRICANT OF HEXADECYL STEARATE. OTHER ADDITIVES, SUCH AS ANTIOXIDANTS MAY BE ADDED A WELL AS THE COMPOSITION MAY BE AQUEOUS OR NONAQUEOUS.

Description

United States Patent 3,687,721 POLYESTER MULTIFILAMENT YARNS Kimon C. Dardoufas, Richmond, Va., assignor to Allied Chemical Corporation, New York, N.Y. No Drawing. Filed May 19, 1969, Ser. No. 825,987 Int. Cl. B32b 27/06, 27/36 US. Cl. 117138.8 F 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to improved multifilament yarns, and particularly to multifilament yarns for industrial uses. More particularly, it relates to a process for the treatment of multifilament yarns so as to improve their resistance to the degrading effect of exposure to heat and to aging.

In processing thermoplastic filaments, fibers, yarns and threads, some type of fluid treatment is usually required to maximize inter-filament cohesion during processing to accentuate operability during routine processing in manufacturing the yarn as well as for necessary subsequent operations. Various well known additives are also often added during the manufacture of the yarn in an effort to give better operability during the manufacture of the yarn as well as to give greater resistivity of the yarn to the deteriorating effects of heat and age.

The demands for industrial yarns having improved properties, such as greater strength not only when made but having the ability to retain the greater strength under strenuous industrial conditions, and greater resistivity of the yarn to the deteriorating effects of heat and age are increasing almost in direct proportion to the growth of industrial society.

The multifilament yarns applicable for use in the present invention are prepared from polyamides and polyesters or from copolymers or coblends thereof. The multifilament yarns particularly applicable for use in the present invention are prepared from polyester and polyamide. The former can be utilized in the present invention whether prepared either by the well known ester interchange reaction between dimethyl terephthalate and an alkylene glycol or the more recently improvised direct esterification process wherein terephthalic acid and an alkylene glycol under certain conditions can directly yield the synthetic linear polyesters from which the polyester yarns are prepared.

Many methods and compositions are known for the fluid treatment of textile materials; however, no method or composition is known that satisfies all the operational difliculties as well as yields a product having all the parameters necessary for a first quality grade industrial yarn. The age old problem of wettability, for example, has crept back into the problem area as higher-speed drawing of the yarn has evolved. As the yarn is passing over the fluid treatment surface at a speed substantially greater than heretofore, it becomes more diflicult to maintain proper wettability.

A relatively heavy coating of fluid must necessarily be "Ice applied to the yarn in order to give proper lubricity allowing greater molecular orientation during subsequent processing with consequent greater strength. A method and composition to allow proper wettability and lubricity is therefore necessary for the preparation of improved industrial yarns.

A textile treating fluid usually comprises lubricants, emulsifiers and antistats or wetting agents plus other ingredients necessary to assist in obtaining the desired textile material. Any one ingredient must of necessity interrelate in such a way with all the other ingredients so the overall treating fluid is compatible to the extent of having sufficient wetting ability and therefore give suflicient lubricity to the yarn.

For example, it has rarely been possible to obtain stable fully emulsified compositions containing greater than twenty-five percent solids and having viscosity sufiiciently low for application to a textile material. If the viscosity of the emulsion is improper then the fluid cannot be .uniformly spread over the yarn filaments in the short interval of time that the yarn is in contact with the fluid treating surface.

The emulsifiers must have a proper HLB value. The HLB value of an emulsifier is defined as their hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. HLB values of 1 to 10 are strongly attracted to the oil phase to be dispersed and are emulsification agents for oils and fats. Values above 10 are strongly attracted to water and are emulsification agents for the aqueous component. The determination of these and other .values are made in accordance with the method depicted in the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, vol. 8, 2nd edition, pages 117- 154, John Wiley & Sons, 1965.

The antistat and/or wetting agent must be present in such an amount and be of such a composition as to be compatible with high-speed elongation to yield sufficient low static to avoid lick-back in the high-speed drawing apparatus thus permitting drawing of the yarn to sufficiently high-draw ratio to achieve necessary strength characteristics for first quality industrial yarn while maintaining minimal operation difiiculties, such as, low wraps and breaks per pound.

Other necessary parameters of textile treating fluids are, for example, the fluid components, when deposited on the yarn, must be capable of resisting heat treatment of temperatures in the range of up to about 250 C. without volatilizing or significantly altering the lubricity, static and stability of the composition. The fluid ingredients, when applied to the yarn also must have low yarn to metal frictional characteristics to avoid abrasion and wearing of the processing equipment. Antioxidants may also be used with said fluid to assist in resisting aging and heat deterioration.

It has been observed that with higher speed processing necessary in the manufacturing of improved higher strength multifilament yarns that processing difficulties as well as inability to obtain the necessary quality yarn have made it necessary to explore other fluid treating methods and compositions in an effort to alleviate this problem. Therefore, an improved method and composition that would interrelate the ingredients of a fluid treating composition to allow substantial processing improvement and simultaneously obtain high quality yarn having a lubricating protective film allowing higher stretching for increased molecular orientation and having greater resistance to the degrading efiect of exposure to heat and to aging would make a substantial contribution to this art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, a primary object of this invention to provide an improved multifilament yarn for use in industry. Another object is to provide a novel textile treating composition for multifilament yarn. Still another object is to provide a novel textile treating composition which significantly improves processing difliculties upon its application to the yarn. A further object is to provide a novel textile treating composition that, upon its application to the yarn gives greater lubricity to said yarn. A still further object is to provide a novel textile treating composition that, upon its application to the yarn gives greater lubricity and allows higher stretching or drawing of the yarn for increased molecular orientation. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved multifilament yarn for industrial use having greater resistance to the degrading effect of exposure to heat and to aging. Still another object is to provide an improved process for preparing an improved multi-filament yarn for industrial use. Other objects will be apparent from time to time in the following specification.

These and other objects are attained in accordance with one mode of the present invention by providing for the manufacture of multifilament yarn to which has been applied about 0.4 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn, of a liquid coating composition comprising about 13 to about 25 weight percent of said composition selected from the group consisting of glycerol monoleate and decaglycerol tetraoleate with ethoxylated tall oil fatty acids, about 12 to about 20 weight percent of said composition selected from the group consisting of sulfated glycerol trioleate and ethoxylated alkylamine, and about 55 to about 75 weight percent of said composition hexadecyl (isocctyl) stearate.

I Another mode of the present invention is attained by providing for the manufacture of multifilament yarn to which has been applied about 0.4 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a liquid coating composition comprising about 13 to about 25 weight percent of said composition selected from the group consisting of glycerol monoleate and decaglycerol tetraoleate with ethoxylated tall oil fatty acids, about 12 to about 20 weight percent of said composition selected from the group consisting of sulfated glycerol trioleate and ethoxylated alkylamine, about 55 to about 75 weight percent of said composition hexadecyl (isocetyl) stearate, and about 1 to about 3 weight percent of said composition of 4,4'-thiobis-( 6-tert-butyl-m-creso1) The lubricants suitable for use in the present invention are a branched chain alcohol combined with a fatty acid having 14 to 22 carbon atoms in the chain and having the general structural formula as indicated in Formula I,

wherein n n and n are independent integers and wherein n has a value of 4 to 10, n has a value of 6 to 12 and n has a value of 12 to 22. Preferably, the values of n n and n are :2, 7:3 and 16-33 respectively. More preferably Formula I is hexadecyl stearate (isocetyl stearate) and still more preferably Formula I consists of about 45 weight percent of the above described stearate radical and about 55 weight percent palmitate radical. The amount of lubricant employed in the present invention may vary considerably but a preferred amount is about 65:20 weight percent of the total solids content of the composition. This component is a liquid at 0 C. and has excellent hydrolytic and oxidative stability.

The esterified branched chain alcohol as shown in Formula I can be replaced with up to 50 weight percent with a triglyceride estcrified with a fatty acid and then rearranged. Such triglyceride has the general formula as indicated in Formula II,

Formula H HC 00 (Cy Hy wherein y y and y are the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain and are independent variable integers having a numerical value of 11 to 17, and y y and y are the number of hydrogen atoms in the fatty acid chain and are independent variable integers having a numerical value of 23 to 35. Preferably the triglyceride of the present invention should not exceed about 34 weight percent of the total solid. This component is a liquid at room temperature.

Emulsification agents are a most important constituent of the textile treating fluid composition. Suitable emulsification agents for use in the present invention are polymerized glycerol esterified with an unsaturated fatty acid having 14 to 20 carbon atoms in the chain and having the general formula as indicated in Formula III,

Formula III (N (CHQO G-CJH."

wherein Z Z Z and z are independent variable integers having a numerical value of 13 to 19 and wherein Z2, Z Z and Z8 are independent variable integers having a numerical value of 27 to 39, and further wherein at least 2 of the fatty acid chains contain at least 1 but not more than 3 double bonds, and still further wherein x x x x and x are either a fatty acid chain or hydrogen and are independently variable with each other. K has a numerical value of 4 to 10 glyceride units. This emulsifier composition has an HLB value of 6.0:11].

Other emulsification agents suitable for use in the present invention are hexaglycerol hexalaurate (HLB=6.0), hexaglycerol hexaoleate (HLB=5.0), sorbitan monopalmitate (HLB=6.7), hexaglycerol distearate (HLB=7.0), hexaglycerol trioleate (HLB'=7.0), and decaglycerol tristearate (H'LB=7.0) where at least 45 weight percent of the stearic acid portion of the ester employed has been replaced with oleic acid. The preferred component of the emulsification agent is decaglycerol tetraoleate having an HLB value of 6.0. This component of the emulsification agent is generally used in the amount of about 4 to 15 weight percent of the total solids. A second component of the emulsification agent is a glycerol esterified with an unsaturated fatty acid as indicated in Formula IV,

Formula IV 0 CHI-O R2 Ha-O R;

wherein Z is the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain and is an independent variable integer having a numerical value of 13 to 19 and Z is the number of hydrogen atoms in the fatty acid chain and is an independent variable integer having a numerical value of 27 to 39. R R and R are selected from the group consisting of long chain fatty acids or hydrogen. In the preferred form, this component of the emulsification agent is 80 weight percent mono-oleate and 20 weight percent di-, trior unsubstituted glycerols. This component of the emulsification agent may be substituted with decaglycerol decaoleate (HLB=3.0), decaglycerol decalinoleate (HLB=3.0) and decaglycerol octaoleate (HLB=4.-). This preferred form of the component indicates a strong attraction for the oil phase of the emulsion. The third component of the emulsification agent is an ethoxylated tall oil which contains about 15 ethylene oxide units. This ethoxylated tall oil is subdivided into two major chemical groups. The first group is indicated as Formula A,

Formula A H HO(CH2CH2O)..CR

wherein n is an independent variable integer having a numerical value of to 20 and R represents a long chain fatty aliphatic component acid having 13 to 19 carbon atoms and having 27 to 39 hydrogen atoms. The fatty acid constituents are selected from the group consisting of palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids which are condensed with a polyethylene oxide containing 10 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide. The first group represents about 60 weight percent of this component of the emulsification agent. The second group is indicated as Formula B and represents about 40 weight percent of this component of the emulsification agent,

Formula B 0 ll HO(CHiCIHzO),,CR

wherein n is an independent variable integer having a numerical value of 10 to 20 and R represents alicyclic resin acids which contain 50 to 60 weight percent of a mixture of abietic acid, dehydro abietic acid, levo pimaric acid, palustric acid, neoabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and other terpene acids in small quantities. The approximate preferred distribution in weight percent is as follows: Abietic (podacarpa-8,9-dien-15-oic, l3 isopropyl) acid=25-33, dehydro adietic (podacarpa-8,l1,13-trien-15 oic, 13 isopropyl=-25, levo pimaric (podacarpa-8(14), 6-dien-l5-oic, 13 isopropyl and palustric (podacarpa-S, 13- dien-lS-oic, 13 isopropyl)acid=8-l2, neoabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and other terpene acids=small quantities that are substantially unremovable from the other major components of this group.

Other suitable replacements for the tall oil ethylene oxide composition are polyethylene oxides of sorbitan monoleate (HLB=9.0), polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate (HLB=11.0), polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (HLB=10.2), polyoxyethylene laurel ether (HLB=9.7). The tall oil composition containing abietic acid, dehydro abietic acid, levo pimaric acid and palustric acid is the preferred composition of this group as it yields the higher percentage of solids in the emulsions of the ethoxylated tall oil.

The preferred tall oil ethylene oxide composition makes up about 6 to 18 percent of the solids in the total finish composition. A lubricant HLB ratio can be determined by taking a weighted average HLB and multiplying this value times the weight percent of the lubricant of the total solids content and dividing by 100. The lubricant compositions having a lubricant HLB ratio of 46:3 have excellent emulsion stability.

The antistats and/or wetting agents suitable for use in the present invention are a glycerol condensed with unsaturated fatty acid sulfated to about 8 weight percent S0 as indicated in Formula V,

il iwherein n n n n n and n are independent integers having a numerical value of 5 to 9. Although lower sulfonation values may be employed, fully sulfated glycerol trioleate is preferable. This component besides being a good antistat and wetting agent also has emulsification properties and an HLB value of greater than 12. This component of the finish composition makes up about 9 to 13 weight percent of the solids in the total finish composition.

Other antistats and/ or wetting agents suitable for use in the present invention are represented as shown in Formula VI,

Formula VI /(C2H4 )xH wherein R is an alkyl chain of a fatty amine having 16 to 18 carbon atoms in the chain, and wherein x and y are independent variable integers having a numerical value of 8 to 12. Other long chain alkyl ethoxylated amines may be used provided they are liquid at room temperature and have antistatic properties. These ethoxylated alkyl amines have an HLB value of about 15.5. Further, they become cationic below 7.0 pH and are non-ionic above a pH of 7.0. The use of a mixture of the materials of Formula V and Formula VI being anionic and cationic respectively, results in synergistic increased antistatic properties. It is not understood at this time how this unusual phenomena works. It is clear, however, that a synergistic effect is obtained by measuring the HLB value as well as in actual use. For example, an over-all lubricity I-ILB ratio of 6.8:03 for the emulsification agents and antistat Wetting agent yields an excellent emulsion stability.

The antioxidants suitable for use in the present invention, though not essential for good emulsification stability and good performance in the drawing operation, are 4,4 thio bis-(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol); 2,2 methylene bis(4- chlorophenol); 2-5, ditertiary butyl hydroquinone; 6 dodecyl, 1,2 dihydro 2,2,4 trimethylquinoline; diphenylamine acetone; p-isopropoxy diphenylamine, thio-bis (disec.-amylphenol); trinonylphenyl phosphite and 9,9 dialkyl dihydroacridine. This component of the finish composition may be employed in an amount of 1 to 5 weight percent, preferably about 2 weight percent of the solids in the finish composition.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following examples specifically illustrates the manner in which the present invention is conducted and the advantages obtained thereby. The examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limitive.

Example 1 A series of finishes (A) through (I) are made up containing the ingredients as indicated in Table I. The ingredients are mixed together in the weight proportions as shown in Table I to form a concentrate. A small percentage of water is added to the concentrate until a clear solution is attained. Then, the concentrate is added slowly to water with good agitation of the aqueous solution to obtain a 35 weight percent as solids. In approximately /1 hour, excellent emulsion stability is obtained. Each solution is made up to contain 35 percent solids and 65 percent water. The emulsion stabilities are rated as excellent=no separations for a period of greater than 1 week; good=slight ring separation after 1 day; fair=less than 1 percent separation by volume after 24 hours; poor=over 1 percent separation by volume within 4 hours. Generally, it may be said that to have good commercial performance in a continuous spinning and drawing operation or surface. The contact angles were measured with a refined version of the contact angle goniometer described in the Journal of Colloid Science 1, 513 (1946) by W. C. Bigelow, D. L. Pickett and W. A. Zisrnan.

From the contact angle data of Table II is can be seen that A, B, E, and H have the best wetting ability on polyester fiber.

TABLE I! Example Properties of Finishes in Table I Finish composition identity percent solids A 100 B 100 G 100 D 100 E 100 F 100 G 100 H 100 I 100 Concentrate viscosities in op. l 126 157 226 267 214 121 123 154 270 Concentrate contact angles on polyester in degrees- 8.2 9. 8 11. 12.3 7. 5 14. 0 12.3 9. 8 20. 7 Percent solids 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 85 35 Percent Water 65 65 65 65 65 g 65 65 65 65 Emulsion viseosit 10.7 10.6 15. 8 l6. 7 7. 0 10. 6 15. 5 7.7 27. 2 Emulsion contact angles on 17. 13. 7 17. 0 35. 0 17. 3 17.3 28. 7 23. 3 Emulsion stability Excellent Excellent Good Fair Good Poor Fair Excellent Solution Overall lubricity HLB ratio 6. 8 6. 9 5. 6 5. 4 5. 6 6. 7

1 Centipoises separate spinning operation and separate drawing of polyesters type fibers, the emulsions must rate excellent. The concentrate should be clear. When diluted at 35 percent solids level with Water, the emulsion must be essentially perfect or having no visible separation.

Prior to addition of water, the viscosity of 100 percent concentrate of the various emulsions is measured using a I Broolclield viscosimeter Model LVT device. This viscosity is measured in centipoises under standard conditions. An ultralow UL-adapter is employed for the viscosity measurement of emulsions which has its own spindle container and uses a #1 spindle. Since the emulsion and concentrate is Newtonian in character, viscosity can be determined directly at C.

Examples 240 TABLE I Finish Component (All Values, Percent by Weight of Total Solids) Loss at Physical HLB 233 0. state at calcuafter room Finish identity-percent sohds fimsh- A B 0 D E F G H I .T K lated 4 hours, tempera- Conoentration in the emulsion 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 val e percent tum Lubricants, percent of total solids:

Hexadecyl (isoeetyl) stearate 65 63.7 53. 0 53 65 0 31 33 0 2 Liquid. Rearranged triglym ride 70 36 Do. Emulsification agents:

Decaglycerol tetraoleate 5.0 4.9 7.0 Do, Glycerol monoleate 6. 0 5. 9 9. 0 Do, Ethoxylated tall oil fatty acid plus (15 E.O.). 8.0 7.8 11.0 Do. Weighted average, HLB 6. 7 7. 7 7. 6 Weight of lubricant HLB ratio 4. 4 4. 9 4. 1 Antistats and wetting agents:

Snlfated glycerol trioleate 12.0 11.8 15.0 D Ethoxylated alkylamine (20 E.O.) 4.0 3.9 5.0 D Ethoxylated octyl phenol (12 R0.) D Weight, percent HLB oi antistats presout. 14. 3 14. 4 14. 4 Antioiddants:

4,4 thio-bis (B-tert-butyl-m-cresol) 2. 0 Emulsion stability E E Good Overall average, HLB x weight percent lubricating agent/IOO (lubricant agent HLB ratio). 6.9 5.4 as I 6.7 WI we I I II I I 1 47% suliated esters of glycerols and ethoxylated esters of glycerides.

3 A mixture of 33% of sulfated esters of glycerides and ethoxylated esters or glycerides. 3 100% mixture of ethoxylated glycerides and esters and may contain ethoxylated long-chain alkyl phenols.

l E=Excelient. 5 S Solution.

Table I shows a series of finishes which are evaluated at a 35% solids concentrate and 65% water concentrate level. On dilution, the emulsion viscosities are also determined under the same conditions as that used in determination of the concentrate as described above. In all cases, the emulsions are 35% solids and 65% water.

Table II shows the concentrate and emulsion viscosities in centipoises and wetting abilities in degrees of contact angle as well as the emulsion stability of the emulsions made up and illustrated in Table I. From Table II, it can be observed in general where low concentrate viscosities and low emulsion viscosities are obtained, the emulsion stabilities are excellent. However, where hexadecyl stearate is not included in the composition as illustrated by composition F, the emulsion stability is poor, even though the concentrate viscosity and the emulsion viscosity are low.

The wetting ability is measured in degrees of constant angle of a drop of each finish on a polyester film a heated zone and passes through essentially quiescent countercurrent quench zones. The yarn exits from the quench zone and the filaments are guided uniformly over a textile fluid finish treatment roll.

After passing over the finish roll, the yarn passes through a guide to provide uniform spreading on the finish roll, thence to a take-up roll.

Table III gives the drawn yarn properties and drawing performance. The same finish compositions as indicated in Tables I and II are applied under identical circumstances. The results are shown in Table 111.

From Table HI, it can be observed that those finish emulsions which have excellent stability and a HLB ratio of 6.8:.4 give excellent results in their drawing performance, good results on their yarn properties, excellent yarn-to-metal frictional properties, good slip stick properties, and very low static characteristics. None of the other finish compositions show equivalent overall good performance.

Two samples of cord are prepared from each tire yarn and the results of their values are cited as an average of 2 separately prepared cords and separately tested cords. The results of these tests are cited in Table IV.

Referring to Table IV, Examples 11 and 12, the textile fluid finish composition of this invention yields tire cord of superior strength and toughness index and superior final breaking strength. The adhesion and the flexural fatigue tests show yarn containing the finish compositions of this invention to be superior to other finish types and to known commercial yarns. Wheel durability tests show the yarn at least equal to or perhaps slightly superior to commercial polyester yarn and with a commercial finish composition employed as a control.

TABLE IV Cord Construction (3 Ends of 1,300 Denier Twist 8/8) Finish composition identity A B G Commercial yarn and Yarn identity Example No 2 3 8 finish Dipped tensilized cord properties. 11 12 13 Control. Cord breaking strength, lbs- 60 60. 75 57. 6 62. 2 Cord elongation at break 19. 9 20. 7 19. 25 20. 3 Cord toughness factor of cord elongation 3/5 1: lbs. breaking strengt 10 25. 8 27. 7 25.3 27. 8 Cable twist dipped cord 8. 30 8. 30 8. 33 7. 86 Load at 10% elongation, lbs Heat shrinkage:

1 hour at 350 F, percent 5. 45 5. 15 5.05 3.6 hour at. room temperature,

percent 5.15 4.95 4.8 Thermal stability:

Final break strength, lbs. 44. 43. 6 41. 8 Adhesion U test L..- 105 105 100 100 Flexure fatigue rating Goodyear tube test"- 115 105 102. 5 100 51 47 45-50 Wheel tests, tire durability,

hrs.

1 ASIM Standard, 1964, part 25, pages 205208, at 50 p.s.i. pressure in the tube. Commercial yarns typical rated at 100.

3 Wheel test durability. The single-end tires were prepared 1118 conventional manner from the above tire cords. A 8.25 x 14/2 ply/tire was inflated to 24 psi. tire run at 60 miles per hour, 7 hours, 1,210 pounds; 'l-lfi hours at 1,450 pounds; and after 16 hours, ran to failure at 1,690-pound load.

3 Similar to test method described in US. Pat. 3,359,057, Feb. 13, 1968, page 10, lines l-l'I-Commereial polyester tire yarn rated at 100.

Example 14 Polyester chips of the same quality as employed for Examples 2 through are spun in a continuous operation and are drawn to produce a drawn industrial yarn. The yarn has an ultimate tensile strength of -8.5 gins. per denier and an elongation of 13%. The yarn is drawn. As in the first case, 0.7% finish was applied from a 35% aqueous emulsion using the same textile fluid finish composition as indicated by A-I in Table I. The polyester was drawn.

Yarns from finish composition A, B and H gave satisfactory and uniform drawing performance. Yarn with finish composition C and E spun and drew only fair. However, yarns containing finish compositions of D, F, G, and I drew so poorly that they could not be strung up at normal speeds.

Example In place of polyester, polycaproamide fibers having a formic acid viscosity of 60 are passed over a draw pin and then over a heater, then over a draw roll, then over a winder. The yarn is then drawn.

Polycaproamide yarns coated with finish compositions A, B, C and H gave excellent performance. Yarns containing finish compositions C and E gave respectively fair and good performance, whereas yarns D, F, G, and I gave poor performance in the same general pattern as that obtained for the polyesters illustrated in Examples 2 through 10.

Example 16 In this example, textile fluid finish compositions A-I of Example 1, the weight percent of water was replaced with a low viscosity fluid, tetraethylene glycol di(2- methyl hexoate). The industrial yarn is spin-drawn as in Example 14 with again improved performance for A, B, E and H and somewhat inferior drawing performance and strength properties in C, D, F, G, and I. Other additives suitable for use in the present invention in lieu of the aqueous make-up are kerosene, triethylene glycol dipelargonate, neopentylglycol dipelargonate, octyl-decyladipate, diisooctyl azelate, diethyl hexyl sebacate.

It is claimed:

1. Synthetic polyester filamentary yarn comprised of filaments which are treated with from about 0.4 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a liquid composition consisting essentially of an emulsifying agent comprising about 4.9 to about 5.0 weight percent of said composition of decaglycerol tetraoleate, about 5.9 to about 6.0 weight percent of said composition of glycerol monooleate, and about 7.8 to about 8.0 weight percent of said composition of ethoxylated tall oil fatty acid, an antistat and wetting agent comprising about 11.8 to about 12.0 weight percent of said composition of sulfated glycerol trioleate, and about 3.9 to about 4.0 weight percent of said composition of an ethoxylatcd alkylamine and a lubricant of about 55.0 to about 75.0 weight percent of said composition hexadecyl stearate.

2. The yarn of claim 1 wherein the treating materials have an additional ingredient of about 1.0 to about 5.0 weight percent of said composition of an antioxidant consistin g of 4,4'-thiobis- (6-tert-butyl-m-cresol) 3. The yarn of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises about 30.0 to about 35.0 weight percent of said composition of hexadecyl stearate and about 30.0 to about 35.0 weight percent of said composition of rearranged triglyceride.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,563,892 1 2/1971 Cooley Ill-138.8 X 3,224,889 12/1965 Schulde et a1. 1l7--139.5 CO 3,296,019 1/ 1967 Keller et a1. 2S2--8.8 3,306,850 2/1967 Olsen 252--8.9 3,428,560 2/ 1969 Olsen 2528.9 3,470,095 9/1969 Pontelandolfo 252--8.6

WILLIAM D. MARTIN, Primary Examiner S. L. CHILDS, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

l17l39.5 CQ; 252-8.6, 8.75, 8.9