US2730498A - Textile lubricants - Google Patents

Textile lubricants Download PDF

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US2730498A
US2730498A US265724A US26572452A US2730498A US 2730498 A US2730498 A US 2730498A US 265724 A US265724 A US 265724A US 26572452 A US26572452 A US 26572452A US 2730498 A US2730498 A US 2730498A
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weight
long chain
chain fatty
lubricant composition
parts
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US265724A
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Fortess Fred
Jr Conrad Hohing
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Celanese Corp
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Celanese Corp
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02Water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102Aliphatic fractions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104Aromatic fractions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106Naphthenic fractions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/044Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having cycloaliphatic groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08Amides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08Amides
    • C10M2215/082Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26Amines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28Amides; Imides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04Phosphate esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042Metal salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/46Textile oils
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to textile lubricants and is particularly concerned with textile lubricants that are to be employed in the form of aqueous emulsions.
  • An important object of this invention is to provide a novel textile lubricant in the form of a stable aqueous emulsion for the treatment of textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose, as well as textile materials having a basis of regenerated cellulose and produced by the viscose process.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a novel textile lubricant in the form of a stable aqueous emulsion having present therein an emulsifying agent which is a polyoxyethylene ether of a long chain fatty alcohol or a polyoxyethylene ester of a long chain fatty acid.
  • A' lubricant formulation that has been found eminently suited for the lubrication of textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic acid ester of cellulose as well as of textile materials having a basis of regenerated cellulose and produced by the viscose process, comprises (A) a partial ester of phosphoric acid with a long chain fatty alcohol, (B) a condensation product of an alkylolamine and a long chain fatty acid, (C) an alkylolamine or a tertiary amine and '(D) an alkylphenol, all blended into (E) mineral oil.
  • This lubricant formulation is particularly well suited for the lubrication of continuous filaments that are to be converted into fibers of staple length since it provides adequate lubrication both for the continuous filaments and the staple fibers formed therefrom.
  • this aqueous emulsion should be stable and should retain its properties substantially unchanged for extended periods of time. it has, however, been found that aqueous emulsions formed from said lubricant formulation tend to break down in relatively'short periods of time even when the said emulsions contain relatively large quantities of many types of emulsifying agents. 7
  • a lubricant composition is prepared by adding to the lubricant formulation described above (F) an emulsifying agent which may 'be either a polyoxyethylene ether of a long chain fatty alcohol or a polyoxyethylene ester of a long chain fatty acid.
  • the lubricant compositions so formed are not only stable themselves, but the said lubricant compositions may be emulsified in water to form stable emulsions which will retain their properties substantially unchanged for extended periods of time.
  • the aqueous emulsions formed from these lubricant compositions are transparent or translucent in contrast to the usual opaqueness of emulsions of oily materials in Water and may, ac-
  • the long chain fatty alcohols and long chain fatty acids from which may be prepared the emulsifying agents that are to be used in the stable aqueous emulsion of this invention may contain from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains and these chains may be straight or branched.
  • the long chain fatty acids and the long chain fatty alcohols may be commercially pure single compounds or mixtures of such single compounds of one type, i. e. acids or alcohols, or they may be mixtures that are obtained from naturally occurring products.
  • Suitable long chain fatty alcohols are, for example, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol and the mixture of alcohols derived from sperm oil.
  • Suitable long chain fatty acids are, for example, lauric acid, oleic acid and the mixture of acids polyethylene glycol.
  • ethylene oxide may be permitted to act directly on the long chain fatty alcohols and long chain fatty acids.
  • the long chain fatty acids and long chain fatty alcohols may be reacted with a In the latter case, care should be taken to remove any unreacted glycol from the final product, as, for example, by washing the same with brine or the like.
  • the length of the polyethylene oxide chain satisfactory with chain lengths of from about 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.
  • the partial ester of phosphoric acid and a long chain fatty alcohol in the lubricant composition may be prepared from a fatty alcohol or mixture of fatty alcohols containing between about 8 and 18 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains.
  • Suitable fatty alcohols for this purpose include, for example, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol, nonyl alcohol, decyl alcohol and undecyl alcohol.
  • the amount of long chain fatty alcohol employed should be suilicient to introduce on the average from about 1 to 2 ester groups into the phosphoric acid.
  • a solid, ester-forming, phosphorus acid derivative such as phosphorus pentoxide, phosphorus tetroxide or phosphorus pentachloride
  • an inert diluent which is preferably all or a part of the mineral oil to be incorporated into the lubricant composition
  • the long chain fatty alcohol is mixed with the said dispersion.
  • the partial ester of phosphoric acid and a long chain fatty alcohol may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about 10 to 35% by weight.
  • alkylolamines and long chain fatty acids present in the lubricant composition there may be employed long chain fatty acids containing from about 10 to 18 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains.
  • Alkylolamines with which these long chain fatty acids may be reacted include, for example, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, tri-isopropanolamine and Z-amino-Z-methyl-l-propanol.
  • a tri-alkanolarnine e. g. triethanolamine
  • the carboxyl group of the long chain fatty acid reacts with the hydroxyl group of the alkanolamine, splitting off water and forming the ester of the long chain fatty acid.
  • di-alkanol amines such as diethanolamine or mono-alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine
  • the products appear to be amides formed by the reaction of the carboxyl group of the long chain fatty acid with the free hydrogen on the amino groups, again with splitting oil of Water.
  • a tri-alkanolamine When commercial grades of a tri-alkanolamine are used, there are usually present therein small proportions of monoand di-alkanolamines, leading to both ester and amide formation.
  • the condensation product of the alkanolamine and the long chain fatty acid may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about to 25% by weight.
  • Alkylolamines and tertiary amines that are suitable for use as component (C) of the lubricant composition above mentioned include, for example, triethanolamine, dibutylethanolamine, diethanolamine, tri isopropanolamine, Z-amino 2 methyl-l-propanol, diethyl-cyclohexylamine, dimethyl-cyclohexylarnine, methyl dicyclohexylarnine and diethyl benzylamine.
  • the alkylolamine or tertiary amine may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about 3 to 25% by Weight.
  • Suitable alkyl phenols that may be employed in the lubricant composition include, for example, 2-4-di-tertiary amyl phenol and 2,4,6-tri-tertiary amyl phenol, di-tertiarybutyl-m-cresol and 2,4-disecondary amyl phenol.
  • the alkyl phenols may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about 1 to 5% by Weight.
  • the mineral oil which is component (E) of the lubricant composition may be present in said composition in amounts ranging from about 30 to 65% by weight.
  • Suitable emulsifying agents that are suitable for use as component (F) of the lubricant composition include, for example, the polyethylene oxide ether of sperm oil alcohols having an average of 2.5 ethylene oxide units in the ether chain, the polyethylene oxide ester of lauric acid prepared by esterifying lauric acid with a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular Weight of 300 followed by washing with brine to remove the unreacted glycol, the polyethylene oxide ester of oleic acid prepared in the same manner, and the polyethylene oxide ester of cocoanut oil acids also prepared in the same manner.
  • the emulsifying agent may be present in amounts ranging from about 5 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
  • the lubricant composition may be prepared by blending into the mineral oil-phosphoric acid partial ester, with stirring, the condensation product of the alkylolamine and long chain fatty acid, followed by the addition of the alkylolamine or tertiary amine, the alkyl phenol and the emulsifying agent. Stirring is continued until a smooth, homogeneous blend is obtained.
  • the lubricant composition prepared in this manner may then be dispersed in water by mixing the same with the desired amount of water.
  • the lubricant composition may be present in the aqueous emulsion in amounts ranging from about 1 to 25% by weight.
  • the emulsifying agent is added to the lubricant composition rather than to the Water employed in forming the emulsion not oniy to assist in producing a stable lubricant composition, but also because it has been found that the emulsifying agent does not operate as effectively when it is added to the water before the rest of the components in the lubricant composition are added thereto.
  • Example I A lubricant composition is prepared by blending together 32.5 parts by weight of a white mineral oil having a S. U. V. of 50 to F. and containing 32.5 parts by weight of the partial ester of decyl alcohol with phosphoric acid, 21 parts by weight of dibutylethanolamine, 7 parts by weight of the condensation product of triethanolamine and cocoanut oil fatty acids, 1 part by weight of diamyl phenol and 6 parts by weight of the ester of oleic acid with a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 306.
  • This lubricant composition is then emulsified in 405; parts by weight of water. There is obtained a clear, transparent emulsion which is stable and retains its properties substantially unchanged for extended periods of time.
  • This emulsion is eminently suited for the lubrication of a tow of cellulose acetate filaments that are to be converted into fibers of staple length.
  • Example 11 A lubricant composition is prepared by blending together a mixture of 15 parts by weight of a white mineral oil having a S. U. V. of 50 at 100 F. and 15 parts by weight of the partial ester of decyl alcohol with phosphoric acid, with 24 parts by weight of white mineral oil having a S. U. V. of 50 at 100 F., 3.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 20 parts by weight of the condensation product of triethanol amine and cocoanut oil fatty acids, 2.5 parts by weight of diamyl phenol and 20 parts by weight of the ester of lauric acid with a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 300.
  • the composition is then emulsified in 400 parts by weight of water. There is obtained a homogeneous stable translucent emulsion eminently suited for the lubrication of a tow of cellulose acetate filaments that are to be converted into fibers of staple length.
  • a textile lubricant comprising an aqueous emulsion containing 400 parts by weight of water and a lubricant composition containing (A) 15 parts by weight of the partial ester of phosphoric acid with decyl alcohol, (B) 20 parts by weight of the condensation product of triethanolamine and cocoanut oil fatty acids, (C) 3.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, (D) 2.5 parts by weight of diamyl phenol, (E) 39 parts by weight of mineral oil, and (F) 20 parts by weight of the polyethylene oxide ester of lauric acid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

America,
United States Patent 6 2,730,498 TEXTILE LUBRICANTS Fred 'Fortess, Summit,
town,
and Conrad Hohing, Jr., Morris- N. J., assignors to Celanese Corporation of New York, N; Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 9, 1952, Serial No. 265,724
1 Claim. (c1. zs2-s.s
This invention relates to textile lubricants and is particularly concerned with textile lubricants that are to be employed in the form of aqueous emulsions.
An important object of this invention is to provide a novel textile lubricant in the form of a stable aqueous emulsion for the treatment of textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose, as well as textile materials having a basis of regenerated cellulose and produced by the viscose process.
A further object of this invention is to provide a novel textile lubricant in the form of a stable aqueous emulsion having present therein an emulsifying agent which is a polyoxyethylene ether of a long chain fatty alcohol or a polyoxyethylene ester of a long chain fatty acid.
- Other objects of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and claims.
A' lubricant formulation that has been found eminently suited for the lubrication of textile materials having a basis of cellulose acetate or other organic acid ester of cellulose as well as of textile materials having a basis of regenerated cellulose and produced by the viscose process, comprises (A) a partial ester of phosphoric acid with a long chain fatty alcohol, (B) a condensation product of an alkylolamine and a long chain fatty acid, (C) an alkylolamine or a tertiary amine and '(D) an alkylphenol, all blended into (E) mineral oil. This lubricant formulation is particularly well suited for the lubrication of continuous filaments that are to be converted into fibers of staple length since it provides adequate lubrication both for the continuous filaments and the staple fibers formed therefrom. For certain applications it has been founddesirable to apply the said lubricant formulation to the textile material in the form of an aqueous emulsion. To be satisfactory for commercial use, this aqueous emulsion should be stable and should retain its properties substantially unchanged for extended periods of time. it has, however, been found that aqueous emulsions formed from said lubricant formulation tend to break down in relatively'short periods of time even when the said emulsions contain relatively large quantities of many types of emulsifying agents. 7
According to the present invention, a lubricant composition is prepared by adding to the lubricant formulation described above (F) an emulsifying agent which may 'be either a polyoxyethylene ether of a long chain fatty alcohol or a polyoxyethylene ester of a long chain fatty acid. The lubricant compositions so formed are not only stable themselves, but the said lubricant compositions may be emulsified in water to form stable emulsions which will retain their properties substantially unchanged for extended periods of time. In addition, the aqueous emulsions formed from these lubricant compositions are transparent or translucent in contrast to the usual opaqueness of emulsions of oily materials in Water and may, ac-
cordingly, be applied to the textile materials with a higher degree of uniformity. The action of the emulsifying agents listed above in producing a stable aqueous emulsion of the lubricant composition is unique in that many 2,730,498 Patented Jan. 10, 1956 ice other types of emulsifying agents are ineffective for this purpose. Among the emulsifying agents that will not produce a stable aqueous emulsion of the lubricant composition are sorbitan mono-oleate, sorbitan trioleate, tertiary amines (Ethomeen), fatty alkylol amine condensate (Alrosol), aromatic polyglycol ethers (Antarox), the polyoxyethylene ester of octyl phenol and polyethylene glycol mercaptan.
The long chain fatty alcohols and long chain fatty acids from which may be prepared the emulsifying agents that are to be used in the stable aqueous emulsion of this invention may contain from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains and these chains may be straight or branched. The long chain fatty acids and the long chain fatty alcohols may be commercially pure single compounds or mixtures of such single compounds of one type, i. e. acids or alcohols, or they may be mixtures that are obtained from naturally occurring products. Suitable long chain fatty alcohols are, for example, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol and the mixture of alcohols derived from sperm oil. Suitable long chain fatty acids are, for example, lauric acid, oleic acid and the mixture of acids polyethylene glycol.
obtained from cocoanut oil. In producing the polyethylene oxide ethers and esters, ethylene oxide may be permitted to act directly on the long chain fatty alcohols and long chain fatty acids. Alternatively, the long chain fatty acids and long chain fatty alcohols may be reacted with a In the latter case, care should be taken to remove any unreacted glycol from the final product, as, for example, by washing the same with brine or the like. The length of the polyethylene oxide chain satisfactory with chain lengths of from about 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.
The partial ester of phosphoric acid and a long chain fatty alcohol in the lubricant composition may be prepared from a fatty alcohol or mixture of fatty alcohols containing between about 8 and 18 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains. Suitable fatty alcohols for this purpose include, for example, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol, nonyl alcohol, decyl alcohol and undecyl alcohol. The amount of long chain fatty alcohol employed should be suilicient to introduce on the average from about 1 to 2 ester groups into the phosphoric acid. Advantageously, in producing the partial ester of phosphoric acid and a long chain fatty alcohol, there is employed the process described in Fortess et al., application S. No. 182,614, filed August 31, 1950, now Patent No. 2,676,975. According to that process, a solid, ester-forming, phosphorus acid derivative, such as phosphorus pentoxide, phosphorus tetroxide or phosphorus pentachloride, is dispersed in an inert diluent, which is preferably all or a part of the mineral oil to be incorporated into the lubricant composition, and the long chain fatty alcohol is mixed with the said dispersion. The partial ester of phosphoric acid and a long chain fatty alcohol may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about 10 to 35% by weight.
In forming the condensation product of alkylolamines and long chain fatty acids present in the lubricant composition there may be employed long chain fatty acids containing from about 10 to 18 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains. Alkylolamines with which these long chain fatty acids may be reacted include, for example, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, tri-isopropanolamine and Z-amino-Z-methyl-l-propanol. When using a tri-alkanolarnine, e. g. triethanolamine, the carboxyl group of the long chain fatty acid reacts with the hydroxyl group of the alkanolamine, splitting off water and forming the ester of the long chain fatty acid. When di-alkanol amines such as diethanolamine or mono-alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine are used the products appear to be amides formed by the reaction of the carboxyl group of the long chain fatty acid with the free hydrogen on the amino groups, again with splitting oil of Water. When commercial grades of a tri-alkanolamine are used, there are usually present therein small proportions of monoand di-alkanolamines, leading to both ester and amide formation. The condensation product of the alkanolamine and the long chain fatty acid may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about to 25% by weight.
Alkylolamines and tertiary amines that are suitable for use as component (C) of the lubricant composition above mentioned, include, for example, triethanolamine, dibutylethanolamine, diethanolamine, tri isopropanolamine, Z-amino 2 methyl-l-propanol, diethyl-cyclohexylamine, dimethyl-cyclohexylarnine, methyl dicyclohexylarnine and diethyl benzylamine. The alkylolamine or tertiary amine may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about 3 to 25% by Weight.
Suitable alkyl phenols that may be employed in the lubricant composition include, for example, 2-4-di-tertiary amyl phenol and 2,4,6-tri-tertiary amyl phenol, di-tertiarybutyl-m-cresol and 2,4-disecondary amyl phenol. The alkyl phenols may be present in the lubricant composition in amounts ranging from about 1 to 5% by Weight.
The mineral oil which is component (E) of the lubricant composition may be present in said composition in amounts ranging from about 30 to 65% by weight.
Suitable emulsifying agents that are suitable for use as component (F) of the lubricant composition include, for example, the polyethylene oxide ether of sperm oil alcohols having an average of 2.5 ethylene oxide units in the ether chain, the polyethylene oxide ester of lauric acid prepared by esterifying lauric acid with a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular Weight of 300 followed by washing with brine to remove the unreacted glycol, the polyethylene oxide ester of oleic acid prepared in the same manner, and the polyethylene oxide ester of cocoanut oil acids also prepared in the same manner. The emulsifying agent may be present in amounts ranging from about 5 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
The lubricant composition may be prepared by blending into the mineral oil-phosphoric acid partial ester, with stirring, the condensation product of the alkylolamine and long chain fatty acid, followed by the addition of the alkylolamine or tertiary amine, the alkyl phenol and the emulsifying agent. Stirring is continued until a smooth, homogeneous blend is obtained. The lubricant composition prepared in this manner may then be dispersed in water by mixing the same with the desired amount of water. The lubricant composition may be present in the aqueous emulsion in amounts ranging from about 1 to 25% by weight. The emulsifying agent is added to the lubricant composition rather than to the Water employed in forming the emulsion not oniy to assist in producing a stable lubricant composition, but also because it has been found that the emulsifying agent does not operate as effectively when it is added to the water before the rest of the components in the lubricant composition are added thereto.
The following examples are given to illustrate this invention further.
Example I A lubricant composition is prepared by blending together 32.5 parts by weight of a white mineral oil having a S. U. V. of 50 to F. and containing 32.5 parts by weight of the partial ester of decyl alcohol with phosphoric acid, 21 parts by weight of dibutylethanolamine, 7 parts by weight of the condensation product of triethanolamine and cocoanut oil fatty acids, 1 part by weight of diamyl phenol and 6 parts by weight of the ester of oleic acid with a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 306. This lubricant composition is then emulsified in 405; parts by weight of water. There is obtained a clear, transparent emulsion which is stable and retains its properties substantially unchanged for extended periods of time. This emulsion is eminently suited for the lubrication of a tow of cellulose acetate filaments that are to be converted into fibers of staple length.
Example 11 A lubricant composition is prepared by blending together a mixture of 15 parts by weight of a white mineral oil having a S. U. V. of 50 at 100 F. and 15 parts by weight of the partial ester of decyl alcohol with phosphoric acid, with 24 parts by weight of white mineral oil having a S. U. V. of 50 at 100 F., 3.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 20 parts by weight of the condensation product of triethanol amine and cocoanut oil fatty acids, 2.5 parts by weight of diamyl phenol and 20 parts by weight of the ester of lauric acid with a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 300. The composition is then emulsified in 400 parts by weight of water. There is obtained a homogeneous stable translucent emulsion eminently suited for the lubrication of a tow of cellulose acetate filaments that are to be converted into fibers of staple length.
It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.
Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
A textile lubricant comprising an aqueous emulsion containing 400 parts by weight of water and a lubricant composition containing (A) 15 parts by weight of the partial ester of phosphoric acid with decyl alcohol, (B) 20 parts by weight of the condensation product of triethanolamine and cocoanut oil fatty acids, (C) 3.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, (D) 2.5 parts by weight of diamyl phenol, (E) 39 parts by weight of mineral oil, and (F) 20 parts by weight of the polyethylene oxide ester of lauric acid.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
US265724A 1952-01-09 1952-01-09 Textile lubricants Expired - Lifetime US2730498A (en)

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US2872351A (en) * 1953-11-14 1959-02-03 Bohme Fettchemie Gmbh Compositions for and methods of finishing textile materials
US2927079A (en) * 1954-12-28 1960-03-01 Shell Dev Water-in-oil emulsion lubricants
US3056744A (en) * 1957-09-18 1962-10-02 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Textile assistant
US3113369A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-12-10 Monsanto Chemicals Yarn manufacture and products obtained thereby
US3357919A (en) * 1964-09-18 1967-12-12 Celanese Corp Finish compositions for textile materials
US3493504A (en) * 1966-06-27 1970-02-03 Emery Industries Inc Fiber lubricant
US3549530A (en) * 1967-03-07 1970-12-22 Du Pont Finish composition for fibers
US3639235A (en) * 1968-03-06 1972-02-01 Witco Chemical Corp Antistatic carding lubricant
US3652419A (en) * 1968-03-06 1972-03-28 Witco Chemical Corp Antistatic fiber lubricant
US4250047A (en) * 1978-05-30 1981-02-10 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Lubricant compositions for synthetic fibers and method for lubricating synthetic fibers
US4326966A (en) * 1979-06-20 1982-04-27 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Agent for textile livening with an antistatic effect and favorable dermatologic properties
US20040131790A1 (en) * 2003-01-07 2004-07-08 Voegtli Leo Paul Method for using an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester additive as plugmaker processing aid
US20050202993A1 (en) * 2003-01-07 2005-09-15 Voegtli Leo P. Method for using an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester additive as a plugmaker processing aid
CN111635806A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Naturally degradable knitting machine oil composition, preparation method and application thereof

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CN114369954B (en) * 2021-12-30 2024-05-17 桐乡市恒隆化工有限公司 Preparation method of anti-freezing emulsifier for spinning sizing

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US2197464A (en) * 1937-03-10 1940-04-16 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Treating artificial fabrics
US2385423A (en) * 1942-10-03 1945-09-25 Celanese Corp Treatment of textile materials
US2575399A (en) * 1948-10-07 1951-11-20 Celanese Corp Textile lubricant

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US2164431A (en) * 1939-07-04 Production of etherg suitable as dis
US2197464A (en) * 1937-03-10 1940-04-16 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Treating artificial fabrics
US2385423A (en) * 1942-10-03 1945-09-25 Celanese Corp Treatment of textile materials
US2575399A (en) * 1948-10-07 1951-11-20 Celanese Corp Textile lubricant

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2872351A (en) * 1953-11-14 1959-02-03 Bohme Fettchemie Gmbh Compositions for and methods of finishing textile materials
US2927079A (en) * 1954-12-28 1960-03-01 Shell Dev Water-in-oil emulsion lubricants
US3056744A (en) * 1957-09-18 1962-10-02 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Textile assistant
US3113369A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-12-10 Monsanto Chemicals Yarn manufacture and products obtained thereby
US3357919A (en) * 1964-09-18 1967-12-12 Celanese Corp Finish compositions for textile materials
US3493504A (en) * 1966-06-27 1970-02-03 Emery Industries Inc Fiber lubricant
US3549530A (en) * 1967-03-07 1970-12-22 Du Pont Finish composition for fibers
US3639235A (en) * 1968-03-06 1972-02-01 Witco Chemical Corp Antistatic carding lubricant
US3652419A (en) * 1968-03-06 1972-03-28 Witco Chemical Corp Antistatic fiber lubricant
US4250047A (en) * 1978-05-30 1981-02-10 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Lubricant compositions for synthetic fibers and method for lubricating synthetic fibers
US4326966A (en) * 1979-06-20 1982-04-27 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Agent for textile livening with an antistatic effect and favorable dermatologic properties
US20040131790A1 (en) * 2003-01-07 2004-07-08 Voegtli Leo Paul Method for using an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester additive as plugmaker processing aid
US20050202179A1 (en) * 2003-01-07 2005-09-15 Voegtli Leo P. Method for using an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester additive as a plugmaker processing aid
US20050202993A1 (en) * 2003-01-07 2005-09-15 Voegtli Leo P. Method for using an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester additive as a plugmaker processing aid
CN111635806A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Naturally degradable knitting machine oil composition, preparation method and application thereof

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