US2702796A - Textile size comprising a partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid - Google Patents
Textile size comprising a partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2702796A US2702796A US165381A US16538150A US2702796A US 2702796 A US2702796 A US 2702796A US 165381 A US165381 A US 165381A US 16538150 A US16538150 A US 16538150A US 2702796 A US2702796 A US 2702796A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pma
- lubricant
- polyoxyethylene
- polymethacrylic acid
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 OXYETHYLENE GROUPS Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000669298 Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002942 palmitic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical group C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCO PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N isosorbide dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[C@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@H](O[N+](=O)[O-])CO[C@@H]21 MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RLZZZVKAURTHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene-3,4-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 RLZZZVKAURTHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000249 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010483 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001959 vinylidene polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
Definitions
- An object of the invention is to prepare a composition which is particularly useful for sizing synthetic textiles such as those spun or drawn from polyamides, vinyl and vinylidene polymers, viscose and cellulose derivatives, protein fibers and the like.
- Another object is to provide an improved sizing composition of the type comprising polymethacrylic acid and a plasticizer.
- a further object is to provide a corrosion inhibited, lubricating sizing composition of the polymethacrylie acid, plasticizer type.
- Another object is to provide in dry readily water (118- persible form a sizing composition comprising polymethacrylic acid, a plasticizer, and a lubricating compound.
- Polymethacrylic acid is a water-soluble film forming compound which in combination with plasticizers has found extensive use as sizes in connection with synthetrc textiles such as those spun or drawn from nylon, vinyl polymers, viscose and cellulose derivatives.
- the polymethacrylic acid (or PMA as it is frequently called) gives both protection and added strength to the filament or filament bundles to protect them during textile operations such as weaving, knitting, and the various handling steps.
- the employment of a PMA size presents two outstanding problems; first, the polymethacrylic acid is corrosive and causes injury to the sizing apparatus and also any metal surfaces which the sized textile touches; secondly, the untreated film has 'insutlicient lubricity for high speed mechanical handling and, furthermore, is incompatible with many of the conventional textile lubricants.
- a polymethacrylic textile sizing composition has been prepared which is corrosion-inhibited and is of excellent lubricity.
- This composition has been prepared by adding to a PMA solution in water a basic material to accomplish partial neutralization of the PMA to a pH not less than 4.5 and adding a water soluble or readily water dispersible polyoxyethylene surface active agent.
- Some of these agents are useful as effective and scourable lubricating agents per se. All are useful as emulsifying agents for more diflicultly dispersible textile lubricants. Attempts to combine polyoxyethylene compounds with PMA solutions without previous neutralization causes immediate precipitation of a gummy material. Only if the acidic nature of the PMA is decreased to within critical ranges prior to addition of the polyoxyethylene compound is a compatible mixture formed.
- the neutralization should not be complete and preferably should not be carried above a pH of about 6.
- a pH of about 6 As the pH of the compounded condi-v tioning compositions is carried above 6 an undesirable rise in viscosity occurs.
- the amount of neutralizing agent employed in raising the pH above 6 is sufficiently great to exert an adverse effect on the film properties of the composition. Also at pH values greater than 7 ester-type polyoxyethylene compounds and estertype textile lubricants tend to saponify with consequent loss of emulsion stability and other properties.
- polyoxyethylene compounds referred to are members of a well-known class of non-ionic compounds which are characterized by the presence in the molecule of one a or more polyoxyethylene chains, forming the hydrophilic portion, and one or more high molecular weight hydrocarbon radicals, forming the lipophilic portion.
- Particularly adaptable are those derivatives containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the lipophilic portion of the molecule and more than three polyoxyethylene groups forming the hydrophilic portion.
- the polyoxyethylene portion can be chemically connected to the hydrocarbon portion through a carboxyl group- (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in a long chain acyl group), an ether linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is'in the residue of a long .chain aliphatic alcohol, or an alkyl substituted phenol, or where the hydrocarbon radical is attached through a carboxyl or ether linkage to the residue of a polyhydroxylic compound which in turn is linked through oxygen to the polyoxyethylene chain), an amine linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in the residue of a long chain aliphatic amine), an amide linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in the residue of a long chain fatty acid amide), or a thioether linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in the residue of a long chain aliphatic mercaptan).
- Polyoxyethylene compounds of these types are described for example in Patents Nos. 1,959,930 to Schmidt and Meyer, 1,970,5
- the polyoxyethylene compounds are preferably made by the direct reaction of ethylene oxide and the compound containing the hydrocarbon radical and an active hydrogen atom.
- the number of oxyethylene groups added should be sufiicient to render the resulting polyoxyethylene compound water-soluble or at least readily water-dispersible.
- the basic materials useful in partially neutralizing the PMA are any of the inorganic alkaline compounds, ammonia, or organic nitrogen bases.- Examples of these materials are sodium hydroxide, trisodium phosphate, ammonium hydroxide, triethanolamine, morpholine, 2- amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2-amino-2-methyll-propanol.
- the solid organic nitrogen bases typified by 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol have the advantage that they can be used in the preparation of dry mixtures with PMA and the other ingredients of the composition of the invention. Table I exemplifies the effect of various neutralizing agents upon the pH of PMA solutions.
- Ifilms produced by PMA are of a brittle character in their unmodified state and it is, therefore, standard practice in the art to use a plasticizer which is generally a water-soluble polyhydroxylic humectant, suitably a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, glycerol or soroitol. Sorbitol is preferred because of its superior humectant properties.
- sorbitol is that it is available in dry form and so can be used in the preparation of dry mixtures whereas the lower polyhydric alcohols cannot.
- suitable insoluble waxes are paraffin waxes, natural waxes such as beeswax and carnauba wax, high titer long chain fatty acid s such as stearic acid, palmitic acid, and the like, high tlter esters of long chain fatty acids and polyhydroxylic compounds such as glycerol mono-, di-, and tristearates or palm tates, sorbitan mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrastearates or palmitates, sorbide mono-, and distearates or palmitates, tetraand pcntastcarates, orpalmitates of polyoxyethylene glucose containing an average of six oxyethylene groups per mol, and the tetra-, penta-, and hexastearates or palmltates of polyoxyethylene sorbitol containing an average of six Many other chemical variaox cth lene groups per mol.
- y y such as high titer long tions of waxes could be employed chain alcohols, amides, amines and nitriles, but the foregoing list is intended to be illustrative of the fact that the wax is to be selected on the basis of physical properties rather than chemical structure.
- the water insoluble waxes require emulsifiers to disperse them in water.
- the water-soluble to readily waterdispersible polyoxyethylene compoundsherembefore described are excellent emulsifiers for this purpose. Any of the well-known wax dispersing agents may employed.
- a dispersion of this type is applied to a textile material the insoluble wax deposits in relatively large particles giving maximum lubrication.
- composition of the invention are subject to wide variation, except in the case of the neutralizing agent which must be controlled with respect to the amount of PMA present to give partial neutralization.
- the amount of PMA with respect to the lubricant determines the degree of lubrication obtained. For some purposes it is desirable to have strong, tough films with only a small amount of lubricant while for other purposes the lubrication is the most important object and the PMA film is desired to obtain adhesion to the fiber. While there is a great deal of variation in the effects of different lubricant combinations on the PMA films, it is generally the case that the total lubricant should be not over /5 the quantity of PMA but not less than about /5 the quantity of PMA. In the preferred specific compositions of the examples the ratio is about 1/ 2.7.
- the proportions of these ingredients are preferably selected to use the greatest quantity possible of the water-insoluble components and the least possible quantity of the polyoxyethylene emulsifiers.
- the PMA plasticizer is also variable in quantity within a wide range, the limits being determined by the degree of softness desired for the film.
- the range is suitably from V: to 1 part by weight of sorbitol to 1 part of PMA with 0.8 part sorbitol to 1 part PMA being preferred in the specific formulations of the examples.
- Blends of the various plasticizers, emulsifiers and lubricants may be used to impart desired properties to the finished product.
- Example I A lubricant composition was prepared by melting together 45 white scale wax (124/126 AMP), 30% stearic acid and 25% polyoxyethylene stearic acid containing an average of 20 oxyethylene groups per mol.
- vA mixture was prepared composed of 8 grams PMA, 6.4 grams crystalline sorbitol, and 0.96 gram of morpholine. Sufficient water was added to dissolve the mixture.
- the lubricant composition described above was dispersed by constant agitation into this solution in the proportion of 1 part of lubricant per 5 parts of plasticized, partially neutralized PMA. The dispersion was diluted with water to a solids concentration of 20% This dispersion required occasional stirring to prevent separation.
- the lubricant tends to migrate to the surface as the film produced on drying forms giving a tough, well lubricated surface.
- Example II A lubricant composition was prepared by mixing together 60% sorbitan monolaurate, which is an oily viscous liquid, and 40% polyoxyethylene castor oil containing an average of 127 oxyethylene groups per mol. This mixture was a soft waxy composition.
- the lubricant had a higher degree of compatibility with the PMA in consequence of which there was a somewhat lessened lubricity of the film on drying than that produced by the composition of Example 1.
- Example III A water dispersion of partially neutralized PMA, sorbitol and lubricant was prepared following the procedure outlined in Example I employing the following lubricant:
- the films produced 'when this wax is used a e tough and waxy with fairly good continuity.
- the emulsions exhibit a satisfactory order of stability.
- the lubricant has a tendency to migrate to the surface of the film.
- Example IV A satisfactory sizing composition of the dry mix type has the followmg composition:
- a 29% dispersion of this composition in water at C. has a pH of 5.1 and is stable.
- the resulting film is tough, adhesive and well lubricated.
- a textile sizing composition comprising, as a film forming agent, polymethacrylic acid partially neutralized to a pH of about 4.5 to 6; a plasticizer therefor; and as an emulsifiable lubricant, a polyoxyethylene condensate of a lipophilic aliphatic organic compound wherein the condensate contains at least 3 oxyethylene groups and the said organic compound is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids, amides, amines and mercaptans which contain lipophilic hydrocarbon radicals of from 12 to 18 carbon atoms; and wherein the ratio of polymethacrylic acid to emulsifiable lubricant ranges from 2/1 to 5/ 1.
- a textile sizing composition comprising as a film forming agent, polymethacrylic. acid partially neutralized to a pH of about 4.5 to 6; a plasticizer therefor; a water insoluble wax; and as an emulsifiable lubricant, a polyoxyethylene condensate of a lipophilic aliphatic organic compound wherein the condensate contains at least 3 oxyethylene groups and the said organic compound is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic 1 3.
- composition as described in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is an amidecontaining from 12 to 18- carboaatoms.
- composition as described in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is an alcohol containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- composition asdescribed in claim 1 wherein the Iga'nic compound is a carboxylic acid containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- composition as described in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is a mercaptan containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
Description
United States Patent Richard D. Fine III, Merehantville, N. 1., a-lgnor to Atlas Powder Company, W Del., 1 corpora- 8011 of Delaware No Drawing; Application May Serial No. 165,381
8 Claims. I (Cl. 260-283 The present invention relates to a composition of matter.
An object of the invention is to prepare a composition which is particularly useful for sizing synthetic textiles such as those spun or drawn from polyamides, vinyl and vinylidene polymers, viscose and cellulose derivatives, protein fibers and the like.
Another object is to provide an improved sizing composition of the type comprising polymethacrylic acid and a plasticizer.
A further object is to provide a corrosion inhibited, lubricating sizing composition of the polymethacrylie acid, plasticizer type.
Another object is to provide in dry readily water (118- persible form a sizing composition comprising polymethacrylic acid, a plasticizer, and a lubricating compound.
The above and other objects will become apparent in the course of the following'description of the invention.
Polymethacrylic acid is a water-soluble film forming compound which in combination with plasticizers has found extensive use as sizes in connection with synthetrc textiles such as those spun or drawn from nylon, vinyl polymers, viscose and cellulose derivatives. The polymethacrylic acid (or PMA as it is frequently called) gives both protection and added strength to the filament or filament bundles to protect them during textile operations such as weaving, knitting, and the various handling steps.
The employment of a PMA size presents two outstanding problems; first, the polymethacrylic acid is corrosive and causes injury to the sizing apparatus and also any metal surfaces which the sized textile touches; secondly, the untreated film has 'insutlicient lubricity for high speed mechanical handling and, furthermore, is incompatible with many of the conventional textile lubricants.
In accordance with the present invention a polymethacrylic textile sizing composition has been prepared which is corrosion-inhibited and is of excellent lubricity.
This composition has been prepared by adding to a PMA solution in water a basic material to accomplish partial neutralization of the PMA to a pH not less than 4.5 and adding a water soluble or readily water dispersible polyoxyethylene surface active agent. Some of these agents are useful as effective and scourable lubricating agents per se. All are useful as emulsifying agents for more diflicultly dispersible textile lubricants. Attempts to combine polyoxyethylene compounds with PMA solutions without previous neutralization causes immediate precipitation of a gummy material. Only if the acidic nature of the PMA is decreased to within critical ranges prior to addition of the polyoxyethylene compound is a compatible mixture formed.
It was discovered that the neutralization should not be complete and preferably should not be carried above a pH of about 6. As the pH of the compounded condi-v tioning compositions is carried above 6 an undesirable rise in viscosity occurs. Furthermore, the amount of neutralizing agent employed in raising the pH above 6 is sufficiently great to exert an adverse effect on the film properties of the composition. Also at pH values greater than 7 ester-type polyoxyethylene compounds and estertype textile lubricants tend to saponify with consequent loss of emulsion stability and other properties.
The polyoxyethylene compounds referred to are members of a well-known class of non-ionic compounds which are characterized by the presence in the molecule of one a or more polyoxyethylene chains, forming the hydrophilic portion, and one or more high molecular weight hydrocarbon radicals, forming the lipophilic portion. Particularly adaptable are those derivatives containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the lipophilic portion of the molecule and more than three polyoxyethylene groups forming the hydrophilic portion. The polyoxyethylene portion can be chemically connected to the hydrocarbon portion through a carboxyl group- (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in a long chain acyl group), an ether linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is'in the residue of a long .chain aliphatic alcohol, or an alkyl substituted phenol, or where the hydrocarbon radical is attached through a carboxyl or ether linkage to the residue of a polyhydroxylic compound which in turn is linked through oxygen to the polyoxyethylene chain), an amine linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in the residue of a long chain aliphatic amine), an amide linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in the residue of a long chain fatty acid amide), or a thioether linkage (as where the hydrocarbon radical is in the residue of a long chain aliphatic mercaptan). Polyoxyethylene compounds of these types are described for example in Patents Nos. 1,959,930 to Schmidt and Meyer, 1,970,578 to Schoeller and Wittwer.
As described in the patents referred to, the polyoxyethylene compounds are preferably made by the direct reaction of ethylene oxide and the compound containing the hydrocarbon radical and an active hydrogen atom. The number of oxyethylene groups added should be sufiicient to render the resulting polyoxyethylene compound water-soluble or at least readily water-dispersible.
The basic materials useful in partially neutralizing the PMA are any of the inorganic alkaline compounds, ammonia, or organic nitrogen bases.- Examples of these materials are sodium hydroxide, trisodium phosphate, ammonium hydroxide, triethanolamine, morpholine, 2- amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2-amino-2-methyll-propanol. The solid organic nitrogen bases typified by 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol have the advantage that they can be used in the preparation of dry mixtures with PMA and the other ingredients of the composition of the invention. Table I exemplifies the effect of various neutralizing agents upon the pH of PMA solutions.
Table 1 Wt. of neutralizer per 100 grams 10% PMA Neutralizing Agent pH 0.4 Sodium hydroxide 4.9 1.0 Trlethanolamine 4. 2.8 N&:PO .12H;O-. 5. l 1.2. Morphol 5.0 1.0 2-amino-2-n1ethyl-L3 propanediol 5. 15 1.0 2-a1nino-2-methyl-1-propanol 4. 4.0 Urea 4.5 1.25 Ammonium hydroxide (28%) 5. 0
Ifilms produced by PMA are of a brittle character in their unmodified state and it is, therefore, standard practice in the art to use a plasticizer which is generally a water-soluble polyhydroxylic humectant, suitably a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, glycerol or soroitol. Sorbitol is preferred because of its superior humectant properties. A further advantage of sorbitol is that it is available in dry form and so can be used in the preparation of dry mixtures whereas the lower polyhydric alcohols cannot.
Thus far reference has been made to the four components which are essential to the composition of the invention, namely, PMA, neutralizing material, PWA plasticizer, and the polyoxyethylene compound. For the best textile lubricating compositions it is desirable to have, in addition to these four components, a portion of a harder, higher melting wax which is insoluble in water and which is incompatible with the PMA so that the films produced on textile materials contain separated particles of the wax. These separated particles are found largely at the surface of the films and contribute valuable lubricating properties. Examples of suitable insoluble waxes are paraffin waxes, natural waxes such as beeswax and carnauba wax, high titer long chain fatty acid s such as stearic acid, palmitic acid, and the like, high tlter esters of long chain fatty acids and polyhydroxylic compounds such as glycerol mono-, di-, and tristearates or palm tates, sorbitan mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrastearates or palmitates, sorbide mono-, and distearates or palmitates, tetraand pcntastcarates, orpalmitates of polyoxyethylene glucose containing an average of six oxyethylene groups per mol, and the tetra-, penta-, and hexastearates or palmltates of polyoxyethylene sorbitol containing an average of six Many other chemical variaox cth lene groups per mol.
y y such as high titer long tions of waxes could be employed chain alcohols, amides, amines and nitriles, but the foregoing list is intended to be illustrative of the fact that the wax is to be selected on the basis of physical properties rather than chemical structure.
The water insoluble waxes require emulsifiers to disperse them in water. The water-soluble to readily waterdispersible polyoxyethylene compoundsherembefore described are excellent emulsifiers for this purpose. Any of the well-known wax dispersing agents may employed. However, in compounding complete textile conditioning compounds according to the invention, it has been found preferable to select water-insoluble waxes and polyoxyethylene emulsifiers for them and to employ them in proportions such that the result ng mixtures are ust sufficiently dispersible in the partially neutrallzed and plasticized PMA solution to produce relatively coarse emulsions which maintain stability during the periodpf application. When a dispersion of this type is applied to a textile material the insoluble wax deposits in relatively large particles giving maximum lubrication.
The properties of the several components of the composition of the invention are subject to wide variation, except in the case of the neutralizing agent which must be controlled with respect to the amount of PMA present to give partial neutralization.
The amount of PMA with respect to the lubricant determines the degree of lubrication obtained. For some purposes it is desirable to have strong, tough films with only a small amount of lubricant while for other purposes the lubrication is the most important object and the PMA film is desired to obtain adhesion to the fiber. While there is a great deal of variation in the effects of different lubricant combinations on the PMA films, it is generally the case that the total lubricant should be not over /5 the quantity of PMA but not less than about /5 the quantity of PMA. In the preferred specific compositions of the examples the ratio is about 1/ 2.7.
Where the lubricant is compounded of water-insoluble waxes and polyoxyethylene emulsifiers the proportions of these ingredients are preferably selected to use the greatest quantity possible of the water-insoluble components and the least possible quantity of the polyoxyethylene emulsifiers.
The PMA plasticizer is also variable in quantity within a wide range, the limits being determined by the degree of softness desired for the film. In the case of sorbitol as a plasticizer the range is suitably from V: to 1 part by weight of sorbitol to 1 part of PMA with 0.8 part sorbitol to 1 part PMA being preferred in the specific formulations of the examples.
Blends of the various plasticizers, emulsifiers and lubricants may be used to impart desired properties to the finished product.
The following examples illustrate preferred textile lubricating compositions according to the invention.
Example I A lubricant composition was prepared by melting together 45 white scale wax (124/126 AMP), 30% stearic acid and 25% polyoxyethylene stearic acid containing an average of 20 oxyethylene groups per mol.
vA mixture was prepared composed of 8 grams PMA, 6.4 grams crystalline sorbitol, and 0.96 gram of morpholine. Sufficient water was added to dissolve the mixture. The lubricant composition described above was dispersed by constant agitation into this solution in the proportion of 1 part of lubricant per 5 parts of plasticized, partially neutralized PMA. The dispersion was diluted with water to a solids concentration of 20% This dispersion required occasional stirring to prevent separation.
The lubricant tends to migrate to the surface as the film produced on drying forms giving a tough, well lubricated surface.
Example II A lubricant composition was prepared by mixing together 60% sorbitan monolaurate, which is an oily viscous liquid, and 40% polyoxyethylene castor oil containing an average of 127 oxyethylene groups per mol. This mixture was a soft waxy composition.
A solution consisting of 10 grams of PMA, 7.5 grams of glycerol and 4.0 grams of sodium hydroxide was prepared. To 5 parts of this partially neutralized solution one part of the lubricant composition described above was added and dispersed by mixing. The dispersion was diluted with water to a solids concentration of 20%. This dispersion did not separate on standing. A slight creaming was observed but it was readily overcome by occasional stirring.
In this composition the lubricant had a higher degree of compatibility with the PMA in consequence of which there was a somewhat lessened lubricity of the film on drying than that produced by the composition of Example 1.
Example III A water dispersion of partially neutralized PMA, sorbitol and lubricant was prepared following the procedure outlined in Example I employing the following lubricant:
45% white scale wax (124/ 126 AMP) 30% diethylene glycol monostearate 6% sorbitan monopalmitate 6% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate containing 20 oxyethylene groups per mol l3% polyoxyethylene castor oil containing an average of 81 oxyethylene groups per mol.
The films produced 'when this wax is used a e tough and waxy with fairly good continuity. The emulsions exhibit a satisfactory order of stability. The lubricant has a tendency to migrate to the surface of the film.
Example IV A satisfactory sizing composition of the dry mix type has the followmg composition:
43% polymethacrylic acid 34.4% crystalline sorbitol 16.1% lubricant as prepared in Example III 6.5% 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol.
These materials were mixed by charging a No. 3 Lancaster mixer with proportionate quantities of finely powdered polymethacrylic acid, sorbitol and 2-amino-2- methyl-1,3-propanediol. These ingredients were milled together until intimately mixed. The lubricant was then added as a molten mass. Mixing was continued until the mass was of uniform consistency. After cooling the charge was transferred to a Stokes Granulator in which it was granulated through a U. S. S. No. 10 wire screen.
A 29% dispersion of this composition in water at C. has a pH of 5.1 and is stable. The resulting film is tough, adhesive and well lubricated.
It will be apparent that many variations can be made without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A textile sizing composition comprising, as a film forming agent, polymethacrylic acid partially neutralized to a pH of about 4.5 to 6; a plasticizer therefor; and as an emulsifiable lubricant, a polyoxyethylene condensate of a lipophilic aliphatic organic compound wherein the condensate contains at least 3 oxyethylene groups and the said organic compound is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids, amides, amines and mercaptans which contain lipophilic hydrocarbon radicals of from 12 to 18 carbon atoms; and wherein the ratio of polymethacrylic acid to emulsifiable lubricant ranges from 2/1 to 5/ 1.
2. A textile sizing composition comprising as a film forming agent, polymethacrylic. acid partially neutralized to a pH of about 4.5 to 6; a plasticizer therefor; a water insoluble wax; and as an emulsifiable lubricant, a polyoxyethylene condensate of a lipophilic aliphatic organic compound wherein the condensate contains at least 3 oxyethylene groups and the said organic compound is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic 1 3. An essefinltxinall textile cotgiposiltiion cgmpnsmgasa ormmgagent, yme acrycacr;a plasticiur therefor; suificient 815 neutralizer to adjust the pH of the composition to about 4.5 to 6 upon solution in water; a water insoluble wax; and as an emulsifiable lubricant, a polyoxyethylene condensate of a lipophilic aliphatic organic compound wherein the condensate contains at least 3 oxyethylene groupsand the said orgamc compound is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, carboxylic acids, amides, amines and metcaptans which contain lipophilic hydrocarbon radicals of from 12 to 18 carbon atoms; and wherein the ratio of polymethacrylic acid to emulsifiable lubricant ranges from 4. A composition as in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is an amine containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms. 7
5. A composition as described in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is an amidecontaining from 12 to 18- carboaatoms.
6. A composition as described in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is an alcohol containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
7. A composition asdescribed in claim 1 wherein the Iga'nic compound is a carboxylic acid containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
8. A composition as described in claim 1 wherein the organic compound is a mercaptan containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,970,578 Schoeller Aug. 21, 1934 2,324,601 Spanagel July 20, 1943 2,385,110 Seymour et 81., Sept. 18, 1945 2,404,240 Maclaurin July 16, 1946 2,456,283 Iefierson Dec. 14, 1948 2,524,022 Rust et al.- Sept. 26, 1950
Claims (1)
1. A TEXTILE SIZING COMPOSITION COMPRISING, AS A FILM FORMING AGENT, POLYMETHACRYLIC ACID PARTIALLY NEUTRLIZED TO A PH OF ABOUT 4.5 TO 6; A PLASTICIZER THEREOF; AND AS AN EMULSIFIBLE LUBRICANT, A POLYOXYETHLENE CONDENSATE OF A LIPOPHILIC ALIPHATIC ORGANIC COMPOUND WHEREIN THE CONDENSATE CONTAINS AT LEAST 3 OXYETHYLENE GROUPS AND THE SAID ORGANIC COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALCOHOLS, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, AMIDES AMINES AND MERCAPTANS WHICH CONTAINS LIPOPHILIC HYDROCARON RADICALS OF FROM 12 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS; ND WHEREIN THE RATIO OF POLYMETHACRYLIC ACID TO EMULSIFIBLE LUBRICANT RANGES FROM 2/1 TO 5/1.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US165381A US2702796A (en) | 1950-05-31 | 1950-05-31 | Textile size comprising a partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid |
GB11649/51A GB695067A (en) | 1950-05-31 | 1951-05-18 | Improvements in or relating to compositions of matter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US165381A US2702796A (en) | 1950-05-31 | 1950-05-31 | Textile size comprising a partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2702796A true US2702796A (en) | 1955-02-22 |
Family
ID=22598663
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US165381A Expired - Lifetime US2702796A (en) | 1950-05-31 | 1950-05-31 | Textile size comprising a partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2702796A (en) |
GB (1) | GB695067A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2887457A (en) * | 1955-12-06 | 1959-05-19 | Nopco Chem Co | Mixed aluminum soap compositions |
US3048554A (en) * | 1956-09-13 | 1962-08-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Non-corrosive textile sizing composition comprising an acrylic polymer and an amine salt |
US3180844A (en) * | 1960-11-09 | 1965-04-27 | Dow Chemical Co | Salts of monocarboxylic acid copolymers as thickeners for non-polar solvents |
US3180843A (en) * | 1960-11-09 | 1965-04-27 | Dow Chemical Co | Salts of 1, 2-dicarboxylic copolymers as thickeners for non-polar solvents |
US3211681A (en) * | 1959-12-15 | 1965-10-12 | Arakawa Rinsan Kagaku Kogyo | Sizing emulsions comprising a petroleum resin-maleic anhydride addition product and a fatty acid |
US3245932A (en) * | 1965-05-12 | 1966-04-12 | Rohm & Haas | Water-soluble 2-dimethylamino-ethanol salts of (c1-c2) alkyl acrylate/acrylic acid or methacrylic acidhydroxyalkyl-substituted acrylate or methacrylate copolymers and method of making them |
US3487039A (en) * | 1965-12-20 | 1969-12-30 | Pittway Corp | Sizing composition |
US3625890A (en) * | 1969-06-03 | 1971-12-07 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Processes and compositions for the treatment of textile materials |
US4153055A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1979-05-08 | Northern Illinois Research, Inc. | Plastic composition manufacture thereof, and pad formed therewith |
US4401782A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1983-08-30 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Hot melt size and yarns sized therewith |
US4603067A (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1986-07-29 | Sapporo Breweries Limited | Method of covering an abrasion of a glass container by applying a specified coating material |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1970578A (en) * | 1930-11-29 | 1934-08-21 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Assistants for the textile and related industries |
US2324601A (en) * | 1940-09-21 | 1943-07-20 | Du Pont | Sizing |
US2385110A (en) * | 1942-07-15 | 1945-09-18 | Celanese Corp | Treatment of textile materials |
US2404240A (en) * | 1941-11-13 | 1946-07-16 | Ind Rayon Corp | Composition for conditioning thread |
US2456283A (en) * | 1945-04-30 | 1948-12-14 | Atlas Powder Co | Textile wax compositions |
US2524022A (en) * | 1948-03-04 | 1950-09-26 | Montclair Res Corp | Water repellent fabrics and composition and process for making same |
-
1950
- 1950-05-31 US US165381A patent/US2702796A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1951
- 1951-05-18 GB GB11649/51A patent/GB695067A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1970578A (en) * | 1930-11-29 | 1934-08-21 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Assistants for the textile and related industries |
US2324601A (en) * | 1940-09-21 | 1943-07-20 | Du Pont | Sizing |
US2404240A (en) * | 1941-11-13 | 1946-07-16 | Ind Rayon Corp | Composition for conditioning thread |
US2385110A (en) * | 1942-07-15 | 1945-09-18 | Celanese Corp | Treatment of textile materials |
US2456283A (en) * | 1945-04-30 | 1948-12-14 | Atlas Powder Co | Textile wax compositions |
US2524022A (en) * | 1948-03-04 | 1950-09-26 | Montclair Res Corp | Water repellent fabrics and composition and process for making same |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2887457A (en) * | 1955-12-06 | 1959-05-19 | Nopco Chem Co | Mixed aluminum soap compositions |
US3048554A (en) * | 1956-09-13 | 1962-08-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Non-corrosive textile sizing composition comprising an acrylic polymer and an amine salt |
US3211681A (en) * | 1959-12-15 | 1965-10-12 | Arakawa Rinsan Kagaku Kogyo | Sizing emulsions comprising a petroleum resin-maleic anhydride addition product and a fatty acid |
US3180844A (en) * | 1960-11-09 | 1965-04-27 | Dow Chemical Co | Salts of monocarboxylic acid copolymers as thickeners for non-polar solvents |
US3180843A (en) * | 1960-11-09 | 1965-04-27 | Dow Chemical Co | Salts of 1, 2-dicarboxylic copolymers as thickeners for non-polar solvents |
US3245932A (en) * | 1965-05-12 | 1966-04-12 | Rohm & Haas | Water-soluble 2-dimethylamino-ethanol salts of (c1-c2) alkyl acrylate/acrylic acid or methacrylic acidhydroxyalkyl-substituted acrylate or methacrylate copolymers and method of making them |
US3487039A (en) * | 1965-12-20 | 1969-12-30 | Pittway Corp | Sizing composition |
US3625890A (en) * | 1969-06-03 | 1971-12-07 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Processes and compositions for the treatment of textile materials |
US4153055A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1979-05-08 | Northern Illinois Research, Inc. | Plastic composition manufacture thereof, and pad formed therewith |
US4401782A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1983-08-30 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Hot melt size and yarns sized therewith |
US4603067A (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1986-07-29 | Sapporo Breweries Limited | Method of covering an abrasion of a glass container by applying a specified coating material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB695067A (en) | 1953-08-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2635055A (en) | Water repellent composition | |
US2702796A (en) | Textile size comprising a partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid | |
US2380166A (en) | Emulsions | |
US3429909A (en) | Secondary aminoalcohol-boric acid reaction product and production thereof | |
US3428560A (en) | Yarn-lubricating composition | |
US2425828A (en) | Metallic soap dispersions | |
US2797198A (en) | Solid foam-combating composition | |
GB524847A (en) | Improvements in or relating to oil compositions | |
US2730498A (en) | Textile lubricants | |
US3654177A (en) | Emulsifier composition | |
JPS628551B2 (en) | ||
US3551168A (en) | Protective polish | |
US3497365A (en) | Protective polish | |
JPS62125094A (en) | Particulate solid composition and its production | |
US2872368A (en) | Emulsifiers and toxicants containing the same | |
US2416460A (en) | Aqueous dispersions of salicyl | |
JP2858839B2 (en) | Coating composition and emulsion | |
US2751358A (en) | Non-foaming detergents | |
USRE24184E (en) | Emulsifiers and toxrcants containing | |
US2495845A (en) | Textile sizing composition | |
KR950009511B1 (en) | Herlicidal oil in water combination compositions of pendimethalin | |
US2868734A (en) | Liquid defoaming composition | |
US3442831A (en) | Vinyl chloride polymerization process and latex | |
US2141729A (en) | Polishing composition | |
US2723959A (en) | Method and composition for inhibiting foam in aqueous liquids |