US3107175A - Method of applying metallic coatings - Google Patents

Method of applying metallic coatings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3107175A
US3107175A US142020A US14202061A US3107175A US 3107175 A US3107175 A US 3107175A US 142020 A US142020 A US 142020A US 14202061 A US14202061 A US 14202061A US 3107175 A US3107175 A US 3107175A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
article
metallic coatings
fluoride
chromium
mixture
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US142020A
Inventor
Arthur T Cape
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Coast Metals Inc
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Coast Metals Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Coast Metals Inc filed Critical Coast Metals Inc
Priority to US142020A priority Critical patent/US3107175A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3107175A publication Critical patent/US3107175A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12868—Group IB metal-base component alternative to platinum group metal-base component [e.g., precious metal, etc.]

Definitions

  • a mixture of aluminum powder and nickel fluoride in the proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum to 60 to 40- parts by weight of the fluoride, is placed, in a thin layer, on a part, as for example, a part made of stainless steel, super alloys, etc., and the article is heated to a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for about one hour.
  • the time or period of heating has some influence on the nature and thickness of the coating formed, and this may be varied from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours.
  • the mixture may be formed into a paste, using a binder of an acrylic resin or other suitable binder, which disappears during the reaction, and does not therefore enter into the reaction.
  • the mixture can contain, in a desired amount, chromium fluoride, chromium difluoride or chromium trifluoride, in addition to, or in substitution for, the nickel fluoride.
  • the adherence of the alloy coating to the article is greatly aided by applying .to the article, before the mixture is applied, a plating or thin layer of gold or platinum.
  • the method of forming an alloy coating on a metallic article which consists in applying to the article a mixture containing from about to parts by weight of aluminum powder, and from 60 to 40 parts by weight of one or more fluorides, selected from the group consisting of nickel fluoride, chromium fluoride, chromium difiuoride, chromium trifluoride, and cobalt fluoride, and heating the article to 'a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for a period of from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours to produce a reaction in which a layer of an alloy is formed on the article, said alloy consisting of aluminum and at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, chromium and cobalt.
  • one or more fluorides selected from the group consisting of nickel fluoride, chromium fluoride, chromium difiuoride, chromium trifluoride, and cobalt fluoride

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Description

3,107,175 ?atented Get. 15, 1963 3,107,175 METHQD 9F AiPLYlNG METALLHC COATINGS Arthur T. Cape, Monterey, (Iaiii, assignor to Coast Metals, lino, Little Ferry, N.E., a corporation of Detaware No Drawing. Filed Get. 2, 1961, Ser. No. 142,020 1 Qiaim. (Cl. 117-130} This invention relates generally to methods of applying metallic coatings, but has reference more particularly to the production of metallic coatings on articles by chemical methods.
In accordance with the invention, a mixture of aluminum powder and nickel fluoride, in the proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum to 60 to 40- parts by weight of the fluoride, is placed, in a thin layer, on a part, as for example, a part made of stainless steel, super alloys, etc., and the article is heated to a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for about one hour.
This produces a reaction, as a result of which a layer or coating is formed on the article, consisting of an alloy of nickel and aluminum, having a thickness of from about 0.0007 inch up to about 0.0035 inch, which coating is highly resistant to oxidation.
The time or period of heating has some influence on the nature and thickness of the coating formed, and this may be varied from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours.
To facilitate application of the aforesaid mixture to the article, the mixture may be formed into a paste, using a binder of an acrylic resin or other suitable binder, which disappears during the reaction, and does not therefore enter into the reaction.
If it is desired that the coating contain some chromium, the mixture can contain, in a desired amount, chromium fluoride, chromium difluoride or chromium trifluoride, in addition to, or in substitution for, the nickel fluoride.
If it is desired that the coating contain some cobalt, the mixture can contain, in a desired amount, a cobalt fluoride, in addition to, or in substitution for, the nickel fluoride.
In most cases, the adherence of the alloy coating to the article is greatly aided by applying .to the article, before the mixture is applied, a plating or thin layer of gold or platinum.
The reactions, in all cases, tend to be exothermic.
It is to be understood that various changes can be made in the method, as described, without departing from the scope of the appended claim.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
The method of forming an alloy coating on a metallic article, which consists in applying to the article a mixture containing from about to parts by weight of aluminum powder, and from 60 to 40 parts by weight of one or more fluorides, selected from the group consisting of nickel fluoride, chromium fluoride, chromium difiuoride, chromium trifluoride, and cobalt fluoride, and heating the article to 'a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for a period of from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours to produce a reaction in which a layer of an alloy is formed on the article, said alloy consisting of aluminum and at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, chromium and cobalt.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,463,342 Wiczer Mar. 1, 1949 2,496,971 Wiczer Feb. 5, 1950 2,905,549 Taylor et a1 Sept. 22, 1959 3,012,903 Cape Dec. 12, 1961
US142020A 1961-10-02 1961-10-02 Method of applying metallic coatings Expired - Lifetime US3107175A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3288634A (en) * 1963-01-07 1966-11-29 Gen Electric Method of forming a composite member
US3376107A (en) * 1963-10-10 1968-04-02 Oka Akira Stoichiometric transition metal hydrides
US3480460A (en) * 1968-09-03 1969-11-25 Du Pont Method of integration of particulate material within a metal substrate and the product thereof
US3711310A (en) * 1971-07-26 1973-01-16 United Aircraft Corp Repair process for aluminum and magnesium articles
US3819338A (en) * 1968-09-14 1974-06-25 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Protective diffusion layer on nickel and/or cobalt-based alloys
US4228203A (en) * 1978-01-27 1980-10-14 Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method of forming aluminum coating layer on ferrous base alloy workpiece
US4241113A (en) * 1977-07-14 1980-12-23 Fiat Societa Per Azioni Process for producing protective coatings on metals and metal alloys for use at high temperatures

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2463342A (en) * 1943-04-24 1949-03-01 Sol B Wiczer Metallic coatings
US2496971A (en) * 1943-04-24 1950-02-07 Sol B Wiczer Thermite coating process
US2905549A (en) * 1957-10-14 1959-09-22 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp Method of recovering refractory metals
US3012903A (en) * 1960-05-03 1961-12-12 Coast Metals Inc Method of brazing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2463342A (en) * 1943-04-24 1949-03-01 Sol B Wiczer Metallic coatings
US2496971A (en) * 1943-04-24 1950-02-07 Sol B Wiczer Thermite coating process
US2905549A (en) * 1957-10-14 1959-09-22 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp Method of recovering refractory metals
US3012903A (en) * 1960-05-03 1961-12-12 Coast Metals Inc Method of brazing

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3288634A (en) * 1963-01-07 1966-11-29 Gen Electric Method of forming a composite member
US3376107A (en) * 1963-10-10 1968-04-02 Oka Akira Stoichiometric transition metal hydrides
US3480460A (en) * 1968-09-03 1969-11-25 Du Pont Method of integration of particulate material within a metal substrate and the product thereof
US3819338A (en) * 1968-09-14 1974-06-25 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Protective diffusion layer on nickel and/or cobalt-based alloys
US3711310A (en) * 1971-07-26 1973-01-16 United Aircraft Corp Repair process for aluminum and magnesium articles
US4241113A (en) * 1977-07-14 1980-12-23 Fiat Societa Per Azioni Process for producing protective coatings on metals and metal alloys for use at high temperatures
US4228203A (en) * 1978-01-27 1980-10-14 Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method of forming aluminum coating layer on ferrous base alloy workpiece

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