US3043779A - Detergent tablets - Google Patents

Detergent tablets Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3043779A
US3043779A US721110A US72111058A US3043779A US 3043779 A US3043779 A US 3043779A US 721110 A US721110 A US 721110A US 72111058 A US72111058 A US 72111058A US 3043779 A US3043779 A US 3043779A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fatty
water
carbon atoms
tablets
soap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US721110A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Parke John Pedlow
Penketh David Dutton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lever Brothers Co
Original Assignee
Lever Brothers Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lever Brothers Co filed Critical Lever Brothers Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3043779A publication Critical patent/US3043779A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/042—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on anionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073—Tablets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • C11D3/3409—Alkyl -, alkenyl -, cycloalkyl - or terpene sulfates or sulfonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides

Definitions

  • Detergent tablets for toilet use besides having an effective lathering and detergent action, should be hard and coherent, should not become soft, slimy or sticky in use or on storage after use and should not dissolve too rapidly in warm water. All these properties are possessed to a useful degree by soap tablets which, however, have the grave disadvantage that they give a scum of calcium and magnesium soaps in hard water which is unpleasant to the fel,-is difiicult to remove from the skin completely,
  • the invention provides, therefore, a detergent composition in tablet form containing a major proportion of soap, a minor proportion of a water-soluble fattyacylaminomethane sulphonate and a small proportion of a water-soluble salt of an organic monocarboxylic or monosulphonic acid having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the molecule.
  • the soap to be used in the tablets of the invention may be any soap normally used in the manufacture of soap tablets, such as the sodium and potassium, soaps derived from palm kernel oil, coconut oil, fallow, and the like, and mixtures of them. It is preferred to use a mixture of approximately equal parts of sodium palmkernel-oil soap and sodium tallow soap.
  • the fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonates to be used in the compositions of the invention include the sodium and potassium salts of fatty acyl-arninomethane sulphonic acids having the general formula.
  • fatty acyl radicals R.CO. have from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and may be saturated or unsaturated.
  • Compounds having mixed acyl groups and derived from the fatty acids of natural oils and fats such as palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil and tallow, which may be partially hardened, can be used with advantage.
  • Preferred compounds are sodium palm-kernel-fatty-acylaminomethane sulphonate and sodium partly-hardenedtallow-fatty-acyl-methyl-aminomethane sulphonate.
  • the lower organic salts which are used in the tablets of the invention include: the sodium and potassium salts of the lower unsubstituted straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as sodium or potassium formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, caproate and 'caprylate; of branched chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids; of aromatic monocarboxylic acids such as sodium benzoate; of lower alkane sulphonic acids; of aromatic mono-sulphonic acids such as scdiurn toluene and Xylene sulphonates; and salts of mono-carboxylic acids and mono-sulphonic acids having substituents such as hydroxy and amino groups and halogen atoms as, for example, sodium lactate, sodium hydroxymethane sulphonate (sodium formaldehyde bisulphite), sodium beta-hydroxy-ethane sulphonate (so dium isethionate), and sodium methyltauride.
  • the tablets of the invention may contain from about 55% to of soap, from about 15% to 30% of fattyacyl-aminomethane sulphonate and from about 0.5% to 10%, generally preferably 1% to 3%, of lower carboxylate or sulphonate. The percentages are by weight, based on the weight of the entire tablet.
  • compositions of the invention may also contain, as an optional scum-reducing aid, a proportion of one or more of the surfaceactive nonionic substantially nondetergent compounds of British Patent No. 750,495, namely: alkyl-phenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, such as p-n-butyl phenol and ptert.- octylphenyl alpha-glycerol ether; partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and C fatty acids, such as glyceryl mono-palmitate; saturated and unsaturated C1048 fatty alcohols, such as oleyl alcohol; and amides and alkanolamides of C1048 fatty acids, such as lauramide and palmitic mono-ethanolamide. It is preferred touse amides of C1048 fatty acids.
  • fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonates already contain aproportion of fatty amide and this may in some cases be sufficient for the required com positions.
  • Any of the above scum-reducing aids may be used in conjunction with preparations already containing some fatty amide, and where amide is added it may be the same as or different from that already present. Up to about 10% of such scum-reducing aid may be present in the tablets of the invention.
  • the tablets of the invention may also contain superfatting agents such as lanolin and stearin, and other free fatty acids, in conventional amounts. They may also contain any of the usual minor ingredients of soap tablets such as rosin, dyes, opacifiers, perfumes, stabilizers and the like.
  • the compositions may contain small amounts of inorganic salts such as may be introduced as impurities with the main ingredients, but such impurities should be kept to a minimum since too high a proportion of inorganic salts leads to cracking and efllorescence of the tablets on storage.
  • the tablets of the invention may be made by mixing the soap in the form of dried chips with the fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonate and scum-reducing aid, if any, in powder or flake form, adding the lower organic salt as a fine powder or as a concentrated aqueous solution, and, after thorough milling, plodding and stamping the mixture by the methods normally used for soap tablets.
  • the product may be dried, for instance in a tubular drier, cooled, milled and plodded.
  • Tablets were formed under the same conditions from portions of this base mixture without additives and from other portions to which various amounts of organic salts as indicated in the tablebelow had been added. The tablets were tested by the following method.
  • Stainless steel rings 2.54 cm. ininternal diameter and 1.9 cm. high, were pressed about 0.25 cm. into the upper surface of each of the tablets and 5 ml. of water were poured into 'each ring and the whole weighed. After standing 16 hours at room temperature (23 C.) the unabsorbed water was poured off, the inside surface of the rings dried with filter paper and the whole reweighed. The tablets'were then allowed to stand for 8 hours at 23 C., after which the rings were removed and the softness of the treated portions of the tablets was measured by means of a penetrometerunder standard conditions.
  • a detergent composition in the form of ahard, co herent tablet which does not become soft and slimy or' sticky on being used or stored after use and which does not dissolve with undesirable rapidity in warm water, comprising from about 55% to about 85 of a water-soluble alkali metal soap, from about 15% to about 30% of a water-soluble alkali metal fatty-acyl-aminomethane sul-.
  • fatty-acyl radical has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and from about 0.5% to about of a water-soluble salt of an organic acid selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic and monosulphonic acids having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the molecule, the percentages being by weight based on the weight of the entire tablet.
  • a detergent composition in tablet form as in claim 1 which additionally contains up to about 10% of a surface active, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scumreducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkylphenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from- 10 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols containing from 10 .to 18 carbon atoms, and amides and alkanolamides of fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • a surface active, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scumreducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkylphenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from- 10 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohol
  • a detergent composition in the form of a hard, coherent tablet which does not become soft and slimy or sticky on being used or stored after use and which does not dissolve with undesirable rapidity in warm water comprising from about 55% to about 85% of a Water-soluble alkali metal soap, from about 15 to about 30% of a water-soluble alkali metal fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonate wherein the fatty acyl radical has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and from about 1% to about 3% of a water-soluble salt of an organic acid selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic and monosulphonic acids having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the molecule, the percentages being by weight based on the weight of the entire tablet.
  • a detergent composition in tablet form as in claim 3 which additionally contains up to about 10% of a surface active, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scum-reducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkyl-phenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and amides and alkanolamides of fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • a surface active, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scum-reducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkyl-phenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols
  • a detergent composition in the form of a hard, coherent tablet which does not become soft and slimy or sticky on being used or stored after use and which does not dissolve with undesirable rapidity in Warm water comprising from about 55 to about-85% of a Water-soluble alkali metal soap, from about 15 to about 30% of'a Water-soluble alkali metal fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonate wherein the fatty-acyl radical has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and from about 0.5 to about 10% of sodium lactate, the perecentages being by weight based on the weight of the entire tablet.
  • a detergent composition in tablet form as in claim 5 which additionally contains up to about 10% of a surface-active, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scumreducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkylphenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial estersv of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from 10 to 18' carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and amides and alkanolamides of fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • a surface-active, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scumreducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkylphenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial estersv of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from 10 to 18' carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated
  • a detergent composition in the form of a hard, coherent tablet which does not become soft and slimy or sticky on being used or stored after use and which does not dissolve with undesirable rapidity in warm water comprising from about 55% to about 85% of a water-soluble alkali metal soap, from about 15% to about 30% of a water-soluble alkali metal fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonate wherein the fatty-acyl radical has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and from about 0.5 to about 10% of sodium formate, the percentages being by weight based on the weight of the entire tablet.
  • a detergent composition in tablet form as in claim 7 which additionally contains up to about 10% of a surfaceactive, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scum-reducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkyl-phenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and amides and alkanolamides of fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 car-hon atoms.
  • a surfaceactive, nonionic, substantially non-detergent, scum-reducing aid selected from the group consisting of alkyl-phenols having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, ethers of such phenols with polyhydric alcohols, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated
  • a detergent composition in the form of a hard, c0- herent tablet which does not become soft and slimy or sticky on being used or stored after use and which does not dissolve with undesirable rapidity in warm water comprising from about 55% to about 85% of a water-soluble alkali metal soap, from about 15% to about 30% of a water-soluble alkali metal fatty-acyl-aminomethane sulphonate wherein the fatty-aeyl radical has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and from about 0.5% to about 10% of a water-soluble salt of an organic acid selected and hydroxy monocarboxylic acids having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the molecule, the percentages being by weight based on the weight of the entire tablet.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US721110A 1957-03-18 1958-03-13 Detergent tablets Expired - Lifetime US3043779A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8764/57A GB830238A (en) 1957-03-18 1957-03-18 Improvements in or relating to detergent tablets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3043779A true US3043779A (en) 1962-07-10

Family

ID=9858827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US721110A Expired - Lifetime US3043779A (en) 1957-03-18 1958-03-13 Detergent tablets

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3043779A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE565735A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE1092591B (en(2012))
FR (1) FR1193288A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB830238A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL225966A (en(2012))

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3194840A (en) * 1961-12-18 1965-07-13 Procter & Gamble N, n-diloweralkyl, 1, 1-dihydrogen perfluoroalkyl amine oxides
US3197509A (en) * 1961-12-21 1965-07-27 Procter & Gamble Diamine dioxide compounds
US4268424A (en) * 1973-01-15 1981-05-19 Lever Brothers Company Detergent bars containing di-, hydroxy and/or amino-carboxylic acid moisturizers
US4297230A (en) * 1979-02-06 1981-10-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Non-crystallizing transparent soap bars
EP0176330A3 (en) * 1984-09-25 1986-09-24 Unilever Plc Cleaning compositions with skin protection agents
US4695395A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-09-22 Lever Brothers Company Cleaning compositions with skin protection agents
US5254281A (en) * 1991-01-29 1993-10-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Soap bars with polyhydroxy fatty acid amides
US5571287A (en) * 1993-01-11 1996-11-05 Colgate-Palmolive Company Soap composition containing sodium pyrophosphate
US6506233B2 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-01-14 Clearwater, Inc. Desiccant tablets for gas drying

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB954833A (en) * 1960-02-23 1964-04-08 Unilever Ltd Detergent tablets
US4046717A (en) 1972-01-28 1977-09-06 Lever Brothers Company Detergent bars
DE2337342C2 (de) * 1973-07-23 1987-02-26 Unilever N.V., Rotterdam Seifenriegel

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1377843A (en) * 1919-07-07 1921-05-10 Andrew Jergens Co Soap
US2527076A (en) * 1947-02-24 1950-10-24 Procter & Gamble Detergent composition
US2674580A (en) * 1950-07-20 1954-04-06 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid shampoo
US2749315A (en) * 1951-04-28 1956-06-05 Colgate Palmolive Co Toilet detergent bar and process of preparing same
US2781320A (en) * 1957-02-12 All purpose

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2781320A (en) * 1957-02-12 All purpose
US1377843A (en) * 1919-07-07 1921-05-10 Andrew Jergens Co Soap
US2527076A (en) * 1947-02-24 1950-10-24 Procter & Gamble Detergent composition
US2674580A (en) * 1950-07-20 1954-04-06 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid shampoo
US2749315A (en) * 1951-04-28 1956-06-05 Colgate Palmolive Co Toilet detergent bar and process of preparing same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3194840A (en) * 1961-12-18 1965-07-13 Procter & Gamble N, n-diloweralkyl, 1, 1-dihydrogen perfluoroalkyl amine oxides
US3197509A (en) * 1961-12-21 1965-07-27 Procter & Gamble Diamine dioxide compounds
US4268424A (en) * 1973-01-15 1981-05-19 Lever Brothers Company Detergent bars containing di-, hydroxy and/or amino-carboxylic acid moisturizers
US4297230A (en) * 1979-02-06 1981-10-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Non-crystallizing transparent soap bars
EP0176330A3 (en) * 1984-09-25 1986-09-24 Unilever Plc Cleaning compositions with skin protection agents
US4695395A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-09-22 Lever Brothers Company Cleaning compositions with skin protection agents
AU575430B2 (en) * 1984-09-25 1988-07-28 Unilever Plc Soap containing isethionate or acyl isethionates
US5254281A (en) * 1991-01-29 1993-10-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Soap bars with polyhydroxy fatty acid amides
US5571287A (en) * 1993-01-11 1996-11-05 Colgate-Palmolive Company Soap composition containing sodium pyrophosphate
US6506233B2 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-01-14 Clearwater, Inc. Desiccant tablets for gas drying

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB830238A (en) 1960-03-09
NL225966A (en(2012))
BE565735A (en(2012))
DE1092591B (de) 1960-11-10
FR1193288A (fr) 1959-11-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6255265B1 (en) Low synthetic soap bars comprising organic salts and polyalkylene glycol
US3043779A (en) Detergent tablets
JPH0347679B2 (en(2012))
EP0548204A1 (en) SOUCES CONTAINING SUCROSE.
AU2017271968B2 (en) Cleansing composition
US2527077A (en) Detergent composition
JPS606995B2 (ja) 洗剤組成物
US1833899A (en) Soap
US3232879A (en) Detergent bars having good sudsing and lime soap dispersant characteristics
JPS63501021A (ja) 洗剤組成物
US3030310A (en) Combination soap-synthetic detergent bar
US3843543A (en) Soap curd dispersant
US2026816A (en) Soap preparation
US2527075A (en) Detergent composition
US3390096A (en) Combinations of wash-active substances in liquid or paste form
US2385614A (en) Detergent bars or cakes
US3926863A (en) Method for producing detergent cakes
AU619507B2 (en) Sodium monoglyceride sulfate detergent composition bar and process for manufacture thereof
US2494580A (en) Detergent composition
US2388767A (en) Soap composition
US2383525A (en) Detergent composition
US3723329A (en) Soap tablet production
US3630927A (en) Soap compositions containing alkyl amino diacetates as lime soap dispersants
US2296767A (en) Detergent composition
JPH0229120B2 (ja) Konasetsukensoseibutsu