US3038779A - Method for simultaneously producing fibers of different denier and similar crimp - Google Patents

Method for simultaneously producing fibers of different denier and similar crimp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3038779A
US3038779A US831254A US83125459A US3038779A US 3038779 A US3038779 A US 3038779A US 831254 A US831254 A US 831254A US 83125459 A US83125459 A US 83125459A US 3038779 A US3038779 A US 3038779A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
denier
spinnerets
fiber
different
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Expired - Lifetime
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US831254A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hechler Georg
Weber Paul
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Phrix Werke AG
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Phrix Werke AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the production of fiber mixtures. More particularly, this invention is concerned with a method for producing mixtures of cellulosic filaments, fibers and threads having different denier size.
  • Fiber mixtures consisting of fibers of different weights are used in many fields of the textile industry. Thus, in the manufacture of rugs and carpets a certain floor effect or appearance is obtained by using a mixture consisting of 7, 14 and 22 denier fibers, the weight ratio of the three fiber components being about 30:40:30. Fiber mixtures composed of fibers of different weights are also employed for clothes, decorative fabrics and slivers.
  • a wool-type staple fiber having a varied staple length and being composed of fibers of different denier sizes is made by producing filaments of different weights from viscose fluid, forming these filaments into a continuous tow and then cutting the tow into definite lengths.
  • These tows can be obtained by extruding the viscose fluid with the aid of a spinning machine equipped with spinnerets having different numbers of holes, the viscose being delivered to the spinnerets at the same speed (volume per minute).
  • a known process for making varied-size staple fiber utilizes a spinning machine having 30 nozzles with 300 holes, 30 nozzles with 450 holes, and 30 nozzles with 900 holes. All these nozzles are fed from the same viscose solution and the volume of solution delivered per minute as well as the take-up are the same for each nozzle. Using a delivery rate of 232 cc./m.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of fiber mixtures consisting of fibers of different denier size and yet similar textile properties.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of fiber mixtures composed of fibers having different weights and. yet the same crimp.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing, with the aid of one spinning machine, mixtures of cellulosic filaments or fibers, in particular viscose rayon filaments or fibers, having different denier sizes and yet certain identical properties, such as crimp.
  • the present invention provides a process for producing fiber mixtures containing fibers of different denier weights which comprises extiuding a fiber-forming solution through a plurality of spinnerets into a spinning bath, said spinnerets containing different numbers of minute holes through which said solution is extruded, the diameter of the holes contained in each spinneret being the larger, the smaller the number of the holes contained in said spinneret.
  • the present invention provides also an apparatus for spinning filaments by extruding a fiber-forming solution into a spinning batch, said apparatus comprising a plurality of spinnerets formed with minute holes through which said solution is extruded, the diameter of the holes contained in each spinneret being the larger, the smaller the number of holes contained in said spinneret.
  • the present invention is based on the surprising discovery that fibers having different denier weights and yet about the same crimp can be obtained by extruding a fiber-forming solution through spinnerets having different numbers of holes, if the diameter of these holes is adapted to the denier size of the fiber.
  • the diameter of the holes is made the larger, the larger the denier size of the fibers extruded therethrough.
  • the present invention provides a process for producing fiber-mixtures by extruding a fiber-forming solution through spinnerets having different numbers of holes wherein the holes of the spinnerets containing the lar-gest number of holes and giving the fibers of the smallest denier size have the smallest diameter and wherein the holes of the spinnerets containing the smallest number of holes and yielding the fibers of the greatest denier size have the largest diameter.
  • the fibers or filaments of higher denier size are subjected to a higher stretch than the fibers or filaments of lower denier size because the stretch, which is determined by the ratio of the eflluence speed of the filmforming solution to the take-up speed of the first fiber takeup member, is proportional to the diameter of the holes of the spinnerets through which the solution is extruded.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 are bottom views of types of spinnerets shown in FIG. 1 and drawn to an enlarged scale.
  • rayon rope 1 consisting of filaments of different denier sizes is made by extruding a viscose solution through a plurality of spinnerets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 into an acid spinning bath 7, maintained in tank 8, supplying substantially the same volumes per unit of time of said viscose solution to all spinnerets by spinning pumps '9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and taking up by godets 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 the filaments formed with substantially the same speed at all spinnerets, the number of holes in said spinnerets being decreased from spinneret 2 to spinneret 7, while the width of the holes being increased respectively; and gathering the threads 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 thus obtained into a rope 1.
  • This rope I is then wound around a godet unit 24, consisting of three reels 24a, b, running at a given speed and thereafter may be wound around a second godet unit 25, consisting of three reels 25a, b, 0 running at substantially higher speed so that the rope is stretched between the two godet units 24 and 25'.
  • a godet unit 24 consisting of three reels 24a, b, running at a given speed
  • a second godet unit 25 consisting of three reels 25a, b, 0 running at substantially higher speed so that the rope is stretched between the two godet units 24 and 25'.
  • godets may be arranged in a secondary bath.
  • the stretched rope may be cut into staples by means of a cutting device 26.
  • the stapled fibres 27 being after treated and dried by manners known in the art showing a good crimp.
  • the number and the diameter of the holes contained in the spinnerets which are used in the practice of this invention are within the conventional ranges.
  • 4 number of holes may range from 10 to 3,000 or more per spinneret while the diameter of the holes may be within the range of 25.4 to 254 microns.
  • the spinnerets having the largest number of holes contain the holes of smallest diameter and vice versa.
  • a spinning machine in accordance with this invention may comprise two types of spinnerets, i.e. spinnerets with, say, 1,000- 3,000 holes, each of said holes having a diameter of, say, 150-60 microns, and spinnerets with, say. -l,000 holes, each of said holes having a diameter of, say, 350- microns.
  • spinnerets having a medium number, say 500-1,500 of medium-sized, say 275-100 micron holes.
  • a spinning machine according to this invention may comprise a total of, say, 90 spinnerets, and this total number may be composed of equal amounts of the different spinneret types, say, 30 spinnerets with a large number of small holes, 30 spinnerets with a medium number of medium-sized holes, and 30 spinnerets with a small number of large holes.
  • the process of this invention can be used to make ropes consisting of threads or groups of threads having different denier sizes, which may find application in the production of worsted yarns and coarse-spun.
  • the process of the present invention is also applicable to the production of staple fiber mixtures composed of fibers of different denier sizes. In this application, the ratio of the amounts of the different denier size fibers may be varied so as to meet all specifications.
  • Example 1 A viscose fluid having an alpha cellulose content of 9.0%, a CS content of 34.5-35.5 a viscosity'of 35-40 seconds and a H ripeness of 14.5-16.5 is extruded into a spinning bath containing 117-120 g./l. of sulfuric acid and 20-25 g./1. of zinc sulfate. The temperature is 48 50 C. and the density amounts to 1325-1535.
  • the spinning machine used in the experiment contains:
  • the viscose fluid is delivered by the metering pumps at a rate of 312 cc./min. and the groups of filaments are combined into a rope, using a take-up speed of 24.0 m./min. at the first wheel.
  • the take-up speed at the end is 39.6 m./min. so that the rope is stretched by 65%. Part of the stretching is effected at 85 C. in a secondary bath containing 70-80 g./1. sulfuric acid.
  • the stretched rope is cut under acid conditions.
  • the staple fibers thus formed are aftertreated and dried as customary in the staple fiber industry.
  • the fiber mixture obtained consists of 7.5, 15 and 22.5 denier size fibers.
  • Example 2 A viscose fluid characterized by an alpha cellulose content of 8.5-8.6%, an alkali ratio of 0.78, a CS; content of 34.5-35.5%, a viscosity of 40-43 seconds and a H ripeness of 14-15 is extruded into a spinning bath characterized by a sulftuic acid content of 112-115 g./l., a zinc sulfate content of 20-25 g./1., a temperature of 48- 50 C. and a density of 1.325-1.335, using the following types of spinnerets:
  • the viscose fluid is delivered by the metering pumps at a rate of 497 cc./min. and the take-up speed at the first wheel is 26.8 m./min. The take-up speed at the end amounts to 42.9 m./min.
  • the rope is stretched by 60%, part of the stretching occurring at a temperature of 90-95' C. in a secondary bath containing 60-65 g./l. of sulfuric acid.
  • the aftertreatment and the drying of the rope is efiected as usual in the rayon industry.
  • the rope obtained consists of 7.5, 15, and 21.5 denier size filaments.
  • Example 3 A viscose fluid having the composition of the fluid described in Example 1 is extruded into a spinning bath of a composition as indicated in Example 1, using the following types of spinnerets: For
  • the viscose delivery rate amounts to 307 cc./ min. while the take-up at the end amounts to 42 m./min., the stretch being 65%.
  • the stretched rope thus obtained can be aftertreated and dried in known manner. Alternatively, it can be cut into staples under acid conditions and the staples can be aftertreated and dried by conventional procedures.
  • the crimp of the dilferent denier size fibers thus formed expressed in terms of the number of crimp arches per 100 mm. of wet staple fiber, is as follows:
  • the crimp of the fibers contained in the fiber mixture of Example 1, where the holes in the spinnerets have the diameters indicated in Example 1, is as follows:
  • Example 1 In contrast thereto, the procedure of Example 1, where a spinning machine having spinnerets with holes of differ- 7.3 denier 50-55 arches/ mm. 14.6 denier 40-45 arches/100 mm. 22 denier 30-35 arches/ 100 mm.
  • the cutting of the ropes obtained by the process of this invention which consists of threads of diflerent denier sizes, can be effected in such manner as to form staples of varied lengths. This can be accomplished by using different cutting machines, by cutting with knives arranged on a roll at different distances from one another, by employing knife rolls driven with dilferent speeds or by any other suitable means known per se.
  • the production of staple fibers of different lengths can also be achieved by tearing.
  • staple fiber mixtures by cutting or tearing a rope consisting of threads of different denier sizes into pieces of the same length and mixing the staple fibers thus obtained with fiber pieces of diiferent lengths, the staple fibers of difierent lengths being either mixtures of fibers of different denier sizes or mixtures of fibers or" the same denier size.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US831254A 1958-08-06 1959-08-03 Method for simultaneously producing fibers of different denier and similar crimp Expired - Lifetime US3038779A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP21144A DE1256836B (de) 1958-08-06 1958-08-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gemischen aus Faeden oder Fasern verschiedenen Titers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3038779A true US3038779A (en) 1962-06-12

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3038779A (de)
BE (1) BE580471A (de)
CH (1) CH376609A (de)
DE (1) DE1256836B (de)
FR (1) FR1229380A (de)
GB (1) GB910864A (de)
NL (2) NL240113A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107972A (en) * 1962-10-24 1963-10-22 Du Pont Process for producing bulkable filamentary polyamide yarns
US3179974A (en) * 1961-03-15 1965-04-27 Tonolo Alessandro Stretching frame
WO2018024362A1 (de) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-08 Textilcord Steinfort S.A. Verstärkungsmaterial für gummianordnungen, insbesondere in form einer reifencordkonstruktion und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US10519569B2 (en) * 2013-02-13 2019-12-31 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Immersed rotary jet spinning devices (IRJS) and uses thereof
US20200173058A1 (en) * 2017-06-27 2020-06-04 E. Miroglio Joint- Stock Company Method for obtaining viscose filament rayon with cyclically varying linear density called "flame" rayon, an installation for the realization of this method, and a product, obtained using this method and this installation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9424612D0 (en) * 1994-12-07 1995-01-25 Courtaulds Fibres Holdings Ltd Fibres production

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883347A (en) * 1928-09-08 1932-10-18 Celanese Corp Process of making artificial filaments and product thereof
US2233418A (en) * 1937-05-25 1941-03-04 Ind Rayon Corp Manufacture of staple fiber
US2262872A (en) * 1938-06-01 1941-11-18 Celanese Corp Method of preparing textile materials
US2461094A (en) * 1944-04-12 1949-02-08 American Viscose Corp Method of making lightweight filamentous structures
US2673368A (en) * 1951-05-03 1954-03-30 Celanese Corp Spinnerette

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH156403A (de) * 1931-06-09 1932-08-15 Steckborn Kunstseide Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Viskosekunstseidefasern.
DE746325C (de) * 1937-07-15 1944-07-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellwollegemischen aus Fasern verschiedenen Titers undverschiedener Stapellaenge
DE744024C (de) * 1937-10-09 1944-01-07 Carl Hamel Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung wollaehnlicher Kunstseidefaeden o. dgl. fuer die Zellwolleerzeugung
DE866077C (de) * 1944-07-11 1953-02-05 Spinnfaser A G Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellwolle aus Viscose
BE495734A (de) * 1949-05-19
AT177206B (de) * 1950-04-26 1954-01-11 Karl Dr Herrmann Verfahren zur Herstellung einer zu Garnen verspinnbaren Kunstfaserflocke aus verschiedenen Titern und Maschine zur Durchführung derselben
BE544457A (de) * 1956-01-17

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883347A (en) * 1928-09-08 1932-10-18 Celanese Corp Process of making artificial filaments and product thereof
US2233418A (en) * 1937-05-25 1941-03-04 Ind Rayon Corp Manufacture of staple fiber
US2262872A (en) * 1938-06-01 1941-11-18 Celanese Corp Method of preparing textile materials
US2461094A (en) * 1944-04-12 1949-02-08 American Viscose Corp Method of making lightweight filamentous structures
US2673368A (en) * 1951-05-03 1954-03-30 Celanese Corp Spinnerette

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179974A (en) * 1961-03-15 1965-04-27 Tonolo Alessandro Stretching frame
US3107972A (en) * 1962-10-24 1963-10-22 Du Pont Process for producing bulkable filamentary polyamide yarns
US10519569B2 (en) * 2013-02-13 2019-12-31 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Immersed rotary jet spinning devices (IRJS) and uses thereof
US11174571B2 (en) 2013-02-13 2021-11-16 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Immersed rotary jet spinning (iRJS) devices and uses thereof
US12043922B2 (en) 2013-02-13 2024-07-23 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Immersed rotary jet spinning (iRJS) devices and uses thereof
WO2018024362A1 (de) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-08 Textilcord Steinfort S.A. Verstärkungsmaterial für gummianordnungen, insbesondere in form einer reifencordkonstruktion und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US20200173058A1 (en) * 2017-06-27 2020-06-04 E. Miroglio Joint- Stock Company Method for obtaining viscose filament rayon with cyclically varying linear density called "flame" rayon, an installation for the realization of this method, and a product, obtained using this method and this installation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE580471A (fr) 1959-11-03
NL129324C (de)
GB910864A (en) 1962-11-21
CH376609A (de) 1964-04-15
FR1229380A (fr) 1960-09-06
NL240113A (de)
DE1256836B (de) 1967-12-21

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