Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
  • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
  • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
  • Y10S264/27—Process of spinning viscose where viscose has high degree of polymerization

Definitions

• This invention relates to the production of rayon threads and fibers and more particularly to the production of such threads and fibers having low elongation values and high strength values.
• the threads or fibers having such low elongation values and high strength values find particular use in rubber products.
• modulus M 1OO times break strength (grams/ den.):-elongation percent.
• An additional object of the present invention is to provide a simple and economical process for manufacturing rayon blends and fibers of low elongation values and high strength values.
• rayon threads and fibers of low elongation values and high breaking strength and therefore high moduli can be obtained by adding to the viscose rayon solution a watersoluble alkali metal salt of a strong acid. Up to 50 grams/ kg. of such a salt may be added.
• modifier in the viscose such as an ethoxylated amine or similar agent such as ethoxylated fatty acids or alcohols, polyethylene glycols, amines, polyamines, quaternary ammonium compounds,
• the modifier may be present to the extent of 0.3 to 3.0 grams/kg. of viscose.
• the preferred method of accomplishing this invention is to add the alkali metal salt to the caustic soda dissolving solution for the cellulose Xanthate.
• the thus obtained viscose after it has been filtered, deaerated, and finally ripened in the known manner, is spun into a spin bath containing sulfuric acid, zinc sulfate and sodium sulfate.
• the thread or fiber is then passed into an intermediate bath containing sulfuric acid, Zinc sulfate, sodium sulfate and preferably formaldehyde, and finally into a second acid bath containing sulfuric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium sulfate and preferably formaldehyde in different concentrations than used in either the first acid bath or the intermediate bath. Thereafter the thread or fiber thus obtained is simultaneously stretched and dried.
• the alkali metal salt of the strong acid may be any one of the following which have been found to accomplish the objects of this invention: sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate.
• the alkali metal salts of phosphoric acid have been found to give a lower moduli than the above listed salts.
• the salts of weak acids are ineffective and will not accomplish the objects of this invention.
• Tables II and III illustrate the effect of using various quantities of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, respectively, in the process of this invention. These salts were added, together with 1.5 grams of an ethoxylated coconut oil amine of a molecular weight of about 1100 per kilogram of viscose.
• alkali metal salt may be added in proportions of 350 grams/kg. of viscose.
• ethoxylated fatty acids ethoxylated fatty alcohols
• polyethylene glycols amines
• polyamines polyamines
• quaternary ammonium compounds or their exthoxylated derivatives
• These addition agents may be added in proportion of 0.3 to 3.0 grams/ kg. of viscose with the preferred proportion being 1.5 grams/ kg.
• This viscose following filtering, deaeration, and ripening in the known manner, is spun with a gamma number of about 48 and a viscosity by the ball-falling test of 93 seconds.
• a spinning nozzle having 1000 orifices of a diameter of 60 microns each is used to obtain a titre of 1650 denier.
• the spun thread runs from the spinning nozzle through a horizontally disposed tube of a length of 50 cm. and an internal diameter of 20 mm, which tube is submerged in an acid spinning bath. This bath is maintained at 48 C. and contains 4.3% sulfuric acid, 13.0% sodium sulfate, and 6.0% zinc sulfate.
• the spun thread leaves the tube and passes over a guide roller to a godet rotating at 19 m./ min.
• the thread is caused to travel four times around this godet by a grooved roller arranged below it.
• This grooved roller is submerged in a so-called intermediate bath containing 22 grams/kg. sulfuric acid, grams/kg. sodium sulfate, 38 grams/ kg. zinc sulfate, and 18 grams/kg. formaldehyde and maintained at 30 C. The above proportions are expressed in grams per kilogram of bath solution.
• This second acid bath contains 15 grams/kg. sulfuric acid and small amounts of sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate and formaldehyde. The proportion of the sulfuric acid is based on the total bath composition.
• the trajectory length of this second acid bath is 140 cm.
• the thread passes from this second acid bath around a third godet rotating at 35.8 rn./min., into a slowly rotating bucket.
• the mass of threads While remaining in this bucket is deacidified, desulfurized and sized by any methods known in the art. Thereafter, the thread is removed from the bucket and stretched 11% in a final stretching assembly While being simultaneously dried.
• the thread produced by this method is indicated in Table II as No. 6.
• the thread has a very desirable high breaking strength, low elongation value and therefore a high modulus.
• cellulose of any origin may be used, such as linters, high-grade celluloses, and standard rayon celluloses. It is possible to vary the cellulose content or the cellulose/caustic ratio without departing from the scope of this invention.
• the viscose solutions obtained by the process of this invention are spun with a gamma number between 56 and 35 into acid baths which contain preferably more than 20 grams/ kg. of zinc sulfate.
• the spinning baths may contain viscose and/or spinning auxiliaries such a lauryl pyridinium chloride, or other surface-active agents.
• a process for the production of high strength vis- M 100 S divided by E wherein M is the modulus, S is the dry strength in grams per denier, and E is the dry elongation, which comprises extruding viscose containing about 3.0 to 50 grams per kilogram of viscose, of an alkali metal salt of the class consisting of sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate, about 0.3 to 3.0 grams per kilogram of viscose, of a modifier of the class consisting of polyethylene glycols, ethoxylated amines and their quaternized derivatives, into an aqueous acid zinc-containing spin bath, passing the thus produced threads to an intermediate bath containing taining formaldehyde, and finally collecting the same.
• a process according to claim 7 in which the threads after having been collected and purified are dried under tension.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=7574297

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (7)

• 0
  • NL NL234167D patent/NL234167A/xx unknown
  • NL NL107735D patent/NL107735C/xx active
• 1958
  • 1958-01-04 DE DEV13660A patent/DE1052054B/de active Pending
  • 1958-12-03 CH CH6687158A patent/CH411220A/de unknown
  • 1958-12-17 FR FR1211235D patent/FR1211235A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1958-12-19 US US781491A patent/US3007766A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1958-12-22 BE BE574151A patent/BE574151A/fr unknown
  • 1958-12-30 GB GB42047/58A patent/GB864821A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (7)

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