US2978353A - Safety tools - Google Patents

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US2978353A
US2978353A US612563A US61256356A US2978353A US 2978353 A US2978353 A US 2978353A US 612563 A US612563 A US 612563A US 61256356 A US61256356 A US 61256356A US 2978353 A US2978353 A US 2978353A
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coating
tool
tools
proof
work
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US612563A
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Walter R Meier
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G1/00—Handle constructions
    • B25G1/10—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape
    • B25G1/105—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape for screwdrivers, wrenches or spanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/08—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of open jaw type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
    • E21D15/005—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material characterised by the material
    • E21D15/007—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material characterised by the material spark-reducing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/06—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
    • Y10S428/924—Composite
    • Y10S428/926—Thickness of individual layer specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/937—Sprayed metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S81/00—Tools
    • Y10S81/90—Wrench or screwdriver constructed from specific material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12139—Nonmetal particles in particulate component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12556—Organic component
    • Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin

Definitions

  • a further object', of this invention isftoprprovide tools which are not Asubject tok corrosion, showing little or no reaction t acids.
  • Y v i I am aware thatrthere arev many tools, already on the vmarket,having coresv surroundedY with coating material,
  • Patented Apr. 4, 1961 sparks in my opinion, and also is the cause of the visible orange light of a toolrspark.
  • the orange light does not come from electricity atrall, nor even from magnetic permeability, but does come fromY the super-heat of oxida-A tion.
  • I haveV proceeded to develop tools having a tough corre surrounded with arspark-proof, corrosion-proof case, the case being formed of a nonsteel material which is non-corrosive whereby its fragments will not unite with the oxygen in the air even though theyhave reachedvthekindiing temperature of steel whereby the super-heat'from oxidation lvis neverzgenf erated and the tool is thereby more safe.
  • a further object of my invention is in the provision of a tool having an inexpensive core, having a spark# l proof, corrosion-proof casing at the ends or other Yworkas being electrical sparks. At the same time they have .thought of these sparks as being caused by the steel conlwhen held to a grinding wheel.
  • V Figure 1 islatop Yplan viw of a hand wrench Ywithi'oneY modification' of Va sparkproof coating of my invention atp-jV plied thereto;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of one lend of a hand'ivreiich i showing a different modification of the spark proof coatl ing of my invention as applied thereto;
  • Figure la wrench 8 is shown having a core 1i) having a'suitable preferably metallic sparkproof coating material 12 in accordance with'my invention and'covering the workingsurfaces of the wrench. lSuch a coating caribe vapproximately 1A.; inch if desired. Y
  • a suitableplastic coating 14 encases the handle por-* tion .of the wrench 16v and can be of greater thicknessV ⁇ ⁇ than the coating v12, if desired, without excess'cost, for
  • a wrench 20 is shown having a core 21 having a working surface coating 22 and a handle or non-working surface coating 24, both of a same suitable sparkproof material such as ay metal.
  • the coating 22 is of approximately a 1454 inch thicknessV or more if desired although the handle coatingv 24 can be of much lesser thickness when hard metal is used, as shown,
  • the sintering step is necessary ⁇ because the metallizing spraying causes the coating to be relatively porous whereas the sintering causes it to be a continuous coating in which the individual particles strongly adhere.
  • the boron and silicon serve two purposes because after they have served their purpose as a flux they serve the further purpose of being hardening agents.
  • Another and preferred process of applying the coating is to coat the tool with the casing material by applying the ⁇ coating material like paint by mixing the powdered coating material with a suitable vehicle, such as thermoplastic acrylic resin, then sintering the coating as above described, the resin burning away in the sintering process, to leave a continuous coating of metal.
  • a suitable vehicle such as thermoplastic acrylic resin
  • a further way of applying the coating is in the application of powdered coating material to the core by pressing the powdered material around the core in a die. Following this the tool is removed from the die and is then heated until the coating is sintered.
  • a further method of manufacture would be in applying the casing material to the core in a mold and then sintering the casing material while the tool is still in the same mold and before removing it.
  • an inner frame of steel defining the basic shape and location of the work-engaging surfaces of the tool, and a non-sparking coating over the entire surface of said tool, said coating consisting essentially of va nickelchromium-boron alloyintegrally united with said internal Iframe, therthickness of said coating over said -woi'kengaging surface being approximately its of an inch.
  • an inner frame of steel defining the basic shape and location of the work-engaging surfaces of the tool and a non-sparking coating over the entire surface of said tool, said coating Aon the work-engaging surfaces ofthe tool consisting vessentially of a nickel-chromiurn-boron alloyintegrally. united with said internal surfaces and said coating on the non-work-engaging surfaces consisting essentially offa synthetic resin integrally united with said surfaces, ⁇ the thickness of said coating over said Workengaging surface being approximateiy 3%:4 of an inch.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Description

April 4, 1951 w. R. MEIER SAFETY TooLs Filed sept. 27, 195e IN VEN TOR. //a/ef/Q Me/er Bk 'to reach its kindling point.
United States Y l, A
2,918,353 sAFErYTooLs,
Walter R. Mee'r,` LincolnNeb'rr. if" (143 S. Rose Lane, Columbus?, Nebr.)
Filed sept. 21, 1956, ser. No. 612,563 g z ciaima.- (0.11.1537) t `from soft material.` 1i Tools ofsoft materials, the m'ost popular `one Vof which' has` been Vberyllium copper, are claimedv by their producers to'bespark-proof, although they are notcompletely spark-proof, wherebyfthere'is a'possibility'of.danger.y in their use. r 1
.'Presentlyavailable safety tools havefurther disadvantages in that they are` frequently made over-sized in an attemptrto overcome their weakness whereby they will not workproperlyin confined places. They have a furyther disadvantage in that their. life is Vvery short as they are easily damaged beyond usability, and'they are of no value where severe strain must be exerted to do a job. f ,For these reasonsv steel tools are being used in place of, the recommended safety tools in `violation of safety codes. i ,J It is an' object of this' invention to provide tools that are completely spark-proof to eliminate. all possibility 'of sparking and explosion, and which are also as hard as a le and as tough as conventional steel tools.
A further object', of this invention isftoprprovide tools which are not Asubject tok corrosion, showing little or no reaction t acids. Y v i I am aware thatrthere arev many tools, already on the vmarket,having coresv surroundedY with coating material,
however none have coatings suitable for my safety tools. Such tools have coatings Ywhich are neither sufficiently hard nor suliicieritly'thick to serve the purposes of the tools of ,myv invention.'4 ,n
j'ItisQa further 'objective'to provide tools so constructed l -o provide Iassurance againstthe possibility of the ycoatirig-being'jworn awayin normal use whereby the tools would be. no longerY safqwherepthere is danger of explosion from spark. t, e
Patented Apr. 4, 1961 sparks in my opinion, and also is the cause of the visible orange light of a toolrspark. The orange light does not come from electricity atrall, nor even from magnetic permeability, but does come fromY the super-heat of oxida-A tion.
Because of this theory I haveV proceeded to develop tools having a tough corre surrounded with arspark-proof, corrosion-proof case, the case being formed of a nonsteel material which is non-corrosive whereby its fragments will not unite with the oxygen in the air even though theyhave reachedvthekindiing temperature of steel whereby the super-heat'from oxidation lvis neverzgenf erated and the tool is thereby more safe. t t Accordingly it is possible by this concept to use acasing material which is actually of a greater hardness than steel whereby a greater amount of Vforce is required tol knock a fragment of it loose from vthe tool than in the caseV of a fragment of steel, nevertheless the fragment of my casing can reach a temperature higher than the kindling temperature of 'a kfragment of steel and yet will noty kindle or oxidizebecause' of its vnon-corrosive characteristics, thereby having a lesser tendency to oxidize. Safety tools have heretofore been' mad'eof expensive materials such as beryllium copper kand these expensive materials have been used throughouteach such tool. It is an object of my invention to provide a tool made with a relatively inexpensive core and coated with a sparkproof, corrosive-proof case, in this way substantially reducing the cost of safety tools. i
' A further object of my invention is in the provision of a tool having an inexpensive core, having a spark# l proof, corrosion-proof casing at the ends or other Yworkas being electrical sparks. At the same time they have .thought of these sparks as being caused by the steel conlwhen held to a grinding wheel.
It has beena common test of a tool, in determining whether it isa safetool to use in explosion danger areas,
toapply a magnet to the tool. If the magnet is attracted to the tool it is believed to contain too high a percentage of steel to be a safe tool. Y i It is my theory that toolsparks are caused'by a fragf'ment of the tool being torn awayv from the remainder of the tool with sufficient force for causing the fragment It is my further; concept that the fragment then oxidizes and the oxidationvprocess causes it. to reachfa temperature far in excessief its ing surfaces of -the tool and having a very inexpensive' spark-proof` plastic` coating on handle areas, and other non-working areas of the tool in order to furtherfconserve expensive spark-proof metal coating material to make the'tools still more inexpensive. Other and further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description', drawings and claims, the scope of thein vention not being limited to the drawings lthemselves as the drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating a way in which the principles of this invention can be applied.
Other embodiments of the invention utilizing the same or equivalent principles may be used and structural changes may be made as desired by thoseskill'edyyin the art without departing frornjthel presentiriventionand'the purviewrof the ,appendedrclaims f I In the drawings:
VFigure 1 islatop Yplan viw of a hand wrench Ywithi'oneY modification' of Va sparkproof coating of my invention atp-jV plied thereto;
Figure 2 is a plan view of one lend of a hand'ivreiich i showing a different modification of the spark proof coatl ing of my invention as applied thereto;
` the lines-5 of Figure 2.l
kindlingtemperature. This super-heat, as I prefer to call '#,isthe real cause of explosion danger from safety tool Referring to the drawing, 1n Figure la wrench 8 is shown having a core 1i) having a'suitable preferably metallic sparkproof coating material 12 in accordance with'my invention and'covering the workingsurfaces of the wrench. lSuch a coating caribe vapproximately 1A.; inch if desired. Y
A suitableplastic coating 14 encases the handle por-* tion .of the wrench 16v and can be of greater thicknessV` `than the coating v12, if desired, without excess'cost, for
' example approximately 17525.
In Figure 2 a wrench 20 is shown having a core 21 having a working surface coating 22 and a handle or non-working surface coating 24, both of a same suitable sparkproof material such as ay metal. The coating 22 is of approximately a 1454 inch thicknessV or more if desired although the handle coatingv 24 can be of much lesser thickness when hard metal is used, as shown,
such as between ve and ten thousandths or more since' the wear on a nonworking surface is muchV less.
VThe coatings 12, 14, 22 and 24 are otherwise made according to any of the instructions hereinafter set forth in detail.
Process of manufacture I prefer to coat my cores by the metallizing process which is the spraying of the coating material on the core. Thereafter the tool can be subjected to heat until the coating is sintered, causing the coating to form a continuous, impervious protective casing. The sintering step is necessary `because the metallizing spraying causes the coating to be relatively porous whereas the sintering causes it to be a continuous coating in which the individual particles strongly adhere.
I use either boron or silicon, or both, as an ingredient of the formula of the casing material because either boron or silicon function as a flux in the sintering process.
The boron and silicon serve two purposes because after they have served their purpose as a flux they serve the further purpose of being hardening agents.
I prefer totuse boron as the ux and hardening agent because then the coating can be sintered in the atmosphere whereas with most of the other hardening agents, sintering must be carried out in ovens with reduced oxygen. It is necessary to have a liux to prevent steel from oxidizing until such time as the coating has reached a temperature suicient for sintering. Y
However, when an oven is used of the type having gas in it which does not have substantial oxygen content, then it is possible to use coating .materials which do not contain flux.
In such ways of manufacture and when ux is unnecessary, 'it is possible to use other hardening agents such as aluminum oxide, ferrous zinc, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum or the various carbide alloys.
Another and preferred process of applying the coating is to coat the tool with the casing material by applying the `coating material like paint by mixing the powdered coating material with a suitable vehicle, such as thermoplastic acrylic resin, then sintering the coating as above described, the resin burning away in the sintering process, to leave a continuous coating of metal.
A further way of applying the coating is in the application of powdered coating material to the core by pressing the powdered material around the core in a die. Following this the tool is removed from the die and is then heated until the coating is sintered.
A further method of manufacture would be in applying the casing material to the core in a mold and then sintering the casing material while the tool is still in the same mold and before removing it.
Butryrate and vinyl plastisol symbolize the plastic group that might be used `on nonvvorking surfaces. Other plastics might be used. AFor instance acrylic or epoxy resins mixed with powdered Ametals would make suitable coatings or handlesfornonworking surfaces.
From the foregoing description, it is thought to be obvious that safety tools constructed in accordance with my invention are particularly well adapted for use, by
i reason of the convenience andfaclity with which they may be assembled' and operated, and it will also be obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change and modification without departing from the principles and spirit thereof, and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement and formation of the several parts herein shown in carrying out my invention in practice, except as claimed.
I claim:
l. In a spark-proof 4hand tool of the character described, an inner frame of steel defining the basic shape and location of the work-engaging surfaces of the tool, and a non-sparking coating over the entire surface of said tool, said coating consisting essentially of va nickelchromium-boron alloyintegrally united with said internal Iframe, therthickness of said coating over said -woi'kengaging surface being approximately its of an inch.
V2. In a spark-proof hand tool of the character described, an inner frame of steel defining the basic shape and location of the work-engaging surfaces of the tool anda non-sparking coating over the entire surface of said tool, said coating Aon the work-engaging surfaces ofthe tool consisting vessentially of a nickel-chromiurn-boron alloyintegrally. united with said internal surfaces and said coating on the non-work-engaging surfaces consisting essentially offa synthetic resin integrally united with said surfaces,` the thickness of said coating over said Workengaging surface being approximateiy 3%:4 of an inch.
i References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 61,133 Allen Jan. 15, 1867 u1,864,590 Field June 28, 1932 1,894,820 Gregg Jan. 17, 1933 2,261,228 Cockrum Nov. 4, 1941 2,645,145 Parson July 14, 1953 2,656,751 Johnson et al. Oct. 27, 1953 Y 2,680,984 Ingwer June 15, 1954 2,726,165 Isler Dec. 6, 1955 OTHER REFERENCES VModern Plastic, vol. 17, June 1940, page S2.

Claims (1)

  1. 2. IN A SPARK-PROOF HAND TOOL OF THE CHARACTER DESCRIBED, AN INNER FRAME OF STEEL DEFINING THE BASIC SHAPE AND LOCATION OF THE WORK-ENGAGING SURFACES OF THE TOOL AND A NON-SPARKING COATING OVER THE ENTIRE SURFACE OF SAID TOOL, SAID COATING ON THE WORK-ENGAGING SURFACES OF THE TOOL CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A NICKEL-CHROMIUM-BORON ALLOY INTEGRALLY UNITED WITH SAID INTERNAL SURFACES AND SAID COATING ON THE NON-WORK-ENGAGING SURFACES CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A SNYTHETIC RESIN INTEGRALLY UNITED WITH SAID SURFACES, THE THICKNESS OF SAID COATING OVER SAID WORKENGAGING SURFACE BEING APPROXIMATELY 1/64 OF AN INCH.
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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3300303A (en) * 1964-06-16 1967-01-24 John M Leach Composite article and method of making the same
US3945807A (en) * 1972-11-16 1976-03-23 Nihon Shinku Gijutsu Kabushiki Kaisha Metal tool
US6318216B1 (en) 1997-05-07 2001-11-20 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Composite box wrench with reinforcing and retaining structure
US6475094B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2002-11-05 Mark W. Bruns Method for making product and product having ultra high molecular weight plastic parts
US20030145690A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Hartman Jerry A. Tool for engaging and rotating a threaded fastener without damaging a surface finish or points of the fastener
US20040035259A1 (en) * 2002-08-23 2004-02-26 Erwin Christopher Scott DIN connector wrench
US6748617B1 (en) * 1996-05-10 2004-06-15 Eod Performance Inc. Double-crimper for blasting caps
US20070113710A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Chen Chia Y Ratchet wrench
US7237462B1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-07-03 Jia-Guann Liau Hand tool with a handle made by different material
US20070289415A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-20 Chih-Ching Hsieh Spanner with protruding patterns on the handle
US20080163725A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-07-10 Chih-Ching Hsieh Spanner with protruding patterns on the handle
US20110314973A1 (en) * 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 Cheng-Chang Tsai Well coated wrench
US20120174716A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Cheng-Chang Tsai Insulated ratchet wrench

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US61133A (en) * 1867-01-15 Ington
US1864590A (en) * 1925-05-11 1932-06-28 American Fork & Hoe Co Process of preparing wearing surfaces for tools, dies, and the like, and resulant product
US1894820A (en) * 1932-08-04 1933-01-17 Bonney Floyd Co Wear resisting ferrous alloy
US2261228A (en) * 1939-09-25 1941-11-04 Hughes Tool Co Method of applying hard facing to tools
US2645145A (en) * 1950-09-07 1953-07-14 John V Larson Adjustable self-closing pipe wrench and the like
US2656751A (en) * 1950-07-14 1953-10-27 Williams J H & Co Replaceable jaw insert for pipe wrenches
US2680984A (en) * 1949-12-10 1954-06-15 Ridge Tool Co Reinforced lightweight wrench handle
US2726165A (en) * 1954-04-17 1955-12-06 Isler William Method of applying metal coating to valves

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US61133A (en) * 1867-01-15 Ington
US1864590A (en) * 1925-05-11 1932-06-28 American Fork & Hoe Co Process of preparing wearing surfaces for tools, dies, and the like, and resulant product
US1894820A (en) * 1932-08-04 1933-01-17 Bonney Floyd Co Wear resisting ferrous alloy
US2261228A (en) * 1939-09-25 1941-11-04 Hughes Tool Co Method of applying hard facing to tools
US2680984A (en) * 1949-12-10 1954-06-15 Ridge Tool Co Reinforced lightweight wrench handle
US2656751A (en) * 1950-07-14 1953-10-27 Williams J H & Co Replaceable jaw insert for pipe wrenches
US2645145A (en) * 1950-09-07 1953-07-14 John V Larson Adjustable self-closing pipe wrench and the like
US2726165A (en) * 1954-04-17 1955-12-06 Isler William Method of applying metal coating to valves

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3300303A (en) * 1964-06-16 1967-01-24 John M Leach Composite article and method of making the same
US3945807A (en) * 1972-11-16 1976-03-23 Nihon Shinku Gijutsu Kabushiki Kaisha Metal tool
US6748617B1 (en) * 1996-05-10 2004-06-15 Eod Performance Inc. Double-crimper for blasting caps
US6318216B1 (en) 1997-05-07 2001-11-20 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Composite box wrench with reinforcing and retaining structure
US6475094B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2002-11-05 Mark W. Bruns Method for making product and product having ultra high molecular weight plastic parts
US20030145690A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Hartman Jerry A. Tool for engaging and rotating a threaded fastener without damaging a surface finish or points of the fastener
US6725747B2 (en) * 2002-08-23 2004-04-27 Cingular Wireless, Llc DIN connector wrench
US20040035259A1 (en) * 2002-08-23 2004-02-26 Erwin Christopher Scott DIN connector wrench
US20070113710A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Chen Chia Y Ratchet wrench
US7237462B1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-07-03 Jia-Guann Liau Hand tool with a handle made by different material
US20070289415A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-20 Chih-Ching Hsieh Spanner with protruding patterns on the handle
US20080163725A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-07-10 Chih-Ching Hsieh Spanner with protruding patterns on the handle
US20110314973A1 (en) * 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 Cheng-Chang Tsai Well coated wrench
US8347759B2 (en) * 2010-06-24 2013-01-08 Cheng-Chang Tsai Well coated wrench
US20120174716A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Cheng-Chang Tsai Insulated ratchet wrench

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