US2975255A - Vacuum circuit interrupters - Google Patents

Vacuum circuit interrupters Download PDF

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Publication number
US2975255A
US2975255A US750614A US75061458A US2975255A US 2975255 A US2975255 A US 2975255A US 750614 A US750614 A US 750614A US 75061458 A US75061458 A US 75061458A US 2975255 A US2975255 A US 2975255A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vacuum
arc
current
electrodes
interrupter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US750614A
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English (en)
Inventor
James M Lafferty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL244627D priority Critical patent/NL244627A/xx
Priority to NL241567D priority patent/NL241567A/xx
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US750614A priority patent/US2975255A/en
Priority to US750615A priority patent/US3016436A/en
Priority to US750784A priority patent/US2975256A/en
Priority to DE1959G0027419 priority patent/DE1074120B/de
Priority to DEG27420A priority patent/DE1081950B/de
Priority to BE580492A priority patent/BE580492A/fr
Priority to BE580532A priority patent/BE580532R/fr
Priority to GB24617/59A priority patent/GB915559A/en
Priority to GB24637/59A priority patent/GB915560A/en
Priority to ES0250963A priority patent/ES250963A1/es
Priority to CH7613359A priority patent/CH424918A/de
Priority to NL241568D priority patent/NL241568A/xx
Priority to ES0251010A priority patent/ES251010A2/es
Priority to CH7613259A priority patent/CH384053A/de
Priority to FR801035A priority patent/FR76858E/fr
Priority to FR801033A priority patent/FR1234382A/fr
Priority to FR807568A priority patent/FR76868E/fr
Priority to GB35675/59A priority patent/GB922012A/en
Priority to DEG28207A priority patent/DE1088132B/de
Priority to CH7972259A priority patent/CH423925A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2975255A publication Critical patent/US2975255A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6643—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to vacuum type electric circuit interrupters uniquely adapted for use in inductive circuits wherein the current interrupted is of low magnitude.
  • Vacuum interrupters designed to interrupt alternating currents operate substantially as follows:
  • chopping current of the device may be from 10 to 40 amperes. While chopping in vacuum interrupters associated with capacitive circuits may be tolerated, it is unacceptable with inductive loads because of voltage surges induced therein by the high rate of change of current time (di/dt) when an interrupter chops. This may be seen from the relationship:
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide vacuum circuit interrupters having arc electrodes which minimize chopping and have hardness and brittleness characteristics which avoid permanent welding together of the contacts or shattering thereof.
  • a vacuum circuit interrupter in the form of an evacuable chamber capable of maintaining a vacuum of less than 10* mm. of mercury, which chamber contains a pair of opposed arc-electrodes adapted to be the terminal points of an electric are carrying the current to be interrupted.
  • the portions of the arc electrodes which serve as such terminal points are substantially free of occluded and sorbed gases and are formed primarily of an alloy of antimony, bismuth or mixtures thereof, the remainder being copper, silver or mixtures thereof. While the electrodes may be constructed substantially entirely of the above class of alloys, these alloys may, in one embodiment, be utilized as an impregnating agent to fill the alternating current illustrating the effect of the chopping phenomenon.
  • an interrupter chamber 10 comprises a wall member 11 which may be cylindrical in shape and is constructed of a suitable insulating material, having at the ends thereof a pair of metallic end members 12 and 13 closing the volume therein to form an interrupter chamber. Suitable seals 14 are provided between casing 11 and end members 12 and 13 to render the interrupter chamber vacuum tight.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a vacuum circuit interrupter capable of reducing the value ofinstantaneous alternating current changes upon interrup-' Located within chamber are a pair of separable contacts or are electrodes and 16 shown in their closed circuit or engaged position.
  • Upper contact 15 is a stationary contact suitably attached electrically and mechanically to a conducting rod 17 which, at its upper end, is united electrically and mechanically with end member 12.
  • Lower contact 18, mounted upon, and electrically united with a suitable conducting rod 18, is movable and is connected through bellows or an equivalent vacuum tight member premitting reciprocating motion.
  • Terminal mounting rod 18 projects through a suitable orifice in end member 13, and suitable actuating means may be connected thereto to cause a reciprocating motion of rod 18 to cause contact 16 to enter into engagement with, and be removed out of engagement with, contact 15.
  • electrode 16 need not be movable but may be spaced apart from electrode 15 a suitable distance.
  • the electrical circuit which is sought to be interrupted by the interrupter device may be completed by making suitable connections to contact terminal 21, electrically and mechanically mounted upon end member 12, and terminal 22, electrically and mechanically mounted upon rod 18.
  • a suitable insulator shield such as metallic cylindrical member 23, capped with an arc-preventing ferrule 24, is interposed between electrodes 15-16 and insulator 11 to prevent the latter from becoming coated with metal and becoming electrically short-circuited.
  • the volume within interrupter chamber 10 is suitably evacuated through an exhaust tubulation (not shown) during the final assembly thereof.
  • the pressure within chamber 10 must be maintained at a pressure at least 10 mm. of mercury, but is preferably maintained within the range 10- to 10'' mm. of mercury.
  • the foregoing requirement is essential for the operation of the devices as vacuum interrupters of alternating currents. This requirement is necessary because, in order that the current-carrying arc struck between electrodes 15 and 16 be extinguished at the first occurring current zero value, there must be substantially no ionizable gas present within chamber 10.
  • the occurrence of ionization may be substantially prevented if the possible breakdown paths between electrodes 15 and 16, or their respective supports, are small with respect to the mean free path of an electron within the atmosphere obtained within the device.
  • This mean free path is designated as the statistical distance which an electron may travel without colliding with agas molecule at a given pressure.
  • Fig. 2 of the drawing there is shown, in graphical form, an illustration of the choppingphenomena.
  • the instantaneous value of a sinusoidal alternating current, sought to be interrupted by a vacuum circuit interrupter is plotted for one-half cycle.
  • the contacts as for example, contacts 15 and 16 in Fig. 1
  • the contacts are separated, causing the establishment of an arc discharge therebetween.
  • This arc discharge is sustained exclusively by the metal evaporated from contacts 15 and 16 by the heat generated at the contact surfaces by the are.
  • the terminal points of the are known respectively as cathode and anode spots.
  • vauum circuit interrupters wherein the current sought to be interrupted is of a relatively low value (below 500 amperes) the instantaneous current value does not follow the dotted line continuously to a zero value but, rather, at some low current value, denominated by I and occurring at time 0, the arc is abruptly and prematurely extinguished. This results in an instantaneous change of current from a value of 1,, to zero.
  • the value I is referred to herein as the chopping current value for a particular device.
  • vacuum circuit interrupters may be constructed utilizing arc-electrodes comprising particular high vapor pressure materials so that sufiicient vapor pressure is available to counterbalance the arc-constricting magnetic pressure.
  • contact materials contemplated by the aforementioned Lee and Cobine application are quite satisfactory in providing low values of chopping current in the interruption of low current alternating currents, certain of these materials in elemental form tend to be relatively soft or to have low melting points. As the result of these characteristics, certain of the pure metals may be readily eroded and melted and, when melted by a relatively high temperature are, tend to weld and stick. Additionally, certain low melting point electrodes have an undue tendency to weld under the heating effect of momentary currents which flow before the arc-electrodes are separated and an arc is struck.
  • electrodes 15 and 16 and, in some instances both of these electrodes are composed of alloys, one constituent of which is selected from the group consisting of bismuth, antimony and mixtures thereof while the major con stituent is selected from the group consisting of copper, silver and mixtures thereof.
  • alloys one constituent of which is selected from the group consisting of bismuth, antimony and mixtures thereof while the major con stituent is selected from the group consisting of copper, silver and mixtures thereof.
  • the characteristics may be obtained in satisfactory fashion if copper-bismuth alloys are prepared in the range of 10 s 10 to 15% by weight antimony, the remainder being silver. If silver-bismuth is the alloy system chosen, the alloy may be from to 20% by weight of bismuth, the remainder being silver.
  • the percentage of the high vapor pressure component (bismuth or antimony) is below 10% or lower, the contribution ofthis constituent to supply a quantity of metallic vapor to prevent extinction of the arc, and consequent chopping because of vapor starvation, is insufiicient. If, on the other hand, the quantity of the high vapor pressure material exceeds the maximum stated values, the advantages of hardness and higher melting points are not obtained.
  • antimony in its elemental form has a melting point of 630 C.
  • an alloy of 10% antimony and 90% copper has a melting point of approximately 935 C. while an alloy of 20% antomony and 80% copper has a melting point of-870 C.
  • an alloy of 10% antimony and 90% silver has a melting point of approximately 835 C. and an alloy of antimony and 85% silver has a melting point of 800 0., all of which are compared with a melting point of 630 C. for elemental antimony.
  • the melting point of vacuum alternating current are interrupters is important in preventing excessive melting of the contacts and, more important, in preventing the contacts from welding together, may readily be seen from the fact that the cathode spot of a vacuum arc interrupter, such as is utilized to interrupt currents of several hundred amperes magnitude at 600 volts, often has a temperature of from 2500 K. to 3500 K.
  • a further unexpected advantage obtained in vacuum arc interrupters utilized for the interruption of alternating current in accord with the present invention, by uitlizing the disclosed alloys of silver or copper with antimony or bismuth, is the highly desirable intermediate brittleness of the alloys formed by the ranges disclosed herein.
  • welding together of the contacts of a vacuum switch is a serious problem. If a weld between two contacts composed of relatively ductile elements such as bismuth does tend to form, the weld may withstand the initial shock of an attempt to separate the contacts, so that a permanent juncture therebetween is formed.
  • the alloys of this application are all quite brittle and, should an initial welding action tend to take place, this brittleness, with its attendant lack of tensile strength, allows for such a weld to be broken so that the contacts do not permanently remain joined together
  • the brittleness of the alloys of the present invention does not approach the point, as does that of some elemental high-vapor pressure materials, where shattering of the contact becomes a problem
  • the electrodes between which an arc is to exist momentarily be substantially free of occluded and sorbed gases This requires that the electrodes be previously conditioned in order to remove from them all sorbed and occluded gases.
  • prior art vacuum circuit interrupters have not heretofore been constructed utilizing any of the high vapor pressure constituents of the alloys disclosed and claimed herein. Rendering a material completely free of occluded and sorbed gases is most effectively done by outgasing and baking the material at 6 extremely high temperatures.
  • operative vacuum circuit interrupters have in the past utilized refractory meta-ls as the electrodes thereof, since these materials may be heated to temperatures in the range of 2000' C. without appreciably evaporating or melting. Obviously, such treatment cannot be utilized upon the contact of the alloy independently as for example, by repeated. arc meltings in a vacuum. The constituents thereof are then once again melted in vacuum, mixed and cast in the form desired as an electrode or contact.
  • the devices of the present invention contacts, when placed in a vacuumized test chamber a few liters in volume and subsequently deeply eroded by a repetitive arcing, as for example, with a voltage of commercial power at a current of 100 amperes or more, the pressure level in the container, a few cycles after arcing, does not rise substantially from its initial value in the absence of get-ters and pumps even if the initial pressure is the order of 10* mm. of mercury. Analytically, this requirement may be stated in the relationship that the contact mate-" rial must contain less than 10- atomic parts of all gases.
  • the entire device While evacuated to a pressure of at least lO- mm. of mercury, or less, the entire device is suitably raised to a temperature of at least 500 C. in order to bake out all of the components thereof to free them from surface adsorbed gases so that an operative pressure may be maintained therein even under high temperature conditions caused by repeated arcing between the electrodes thereof.
  • the device may be evacuated for approximately 10 hours at a pressure l0 mm. of mercury to satisfactory perform this function.
  • electrodes 15 and 16 of the device of Fig. 1 in addition to being composed entirely or substantially entirely of the disclosed and claimed alloys, may comprise a refractory
  • the elec-- Such a standard is provided by a requirement that, for use in:
  • the mechanical strength of the porous refractory matrix adds greatly to, the utility of the interrupter and greatly prolongs its life.
  • operative vacuum circuit interrupters which exhibit low values of chopping currents, without undesirable welding or sticking disadvantages, may be constructed wherein only one of the arc electrodes is fabricated of the alloys disclosed and claimed herein. It is, however, contemplated in a preferred embodiment of the invention that both electrodes be constructed of these materials since, in general,-it is difficult' to predetermine which electrode will be the instantaneous cathode at the instant the circuit is inter rupted and it may not be feasible to provide means for establishing such certainty.
  • a vacuum alternating current circuit interrupter comprising; an evacuable envelope evacuated to a'pressure lower than 10- mm. of mercury; a pair of electrical terminals adapted for connection in an alternating current circuit; a pair of electrodes located within said envelope, connected in circuit between said terminals and disposed in spaced-apart relationship during circuit interrupting operation to allow for the establishment of a. circuit interrupting arc therebetween; each of said electrodeshaving'a-region on which the respective electrodes spots for a low current are may be established, one of said electrode regions com-prising an alloy selected from the group consisting of 10 to 35% by weight of bismuth the remainder being copper, 10 to by weight of antimony the remainder being copper, 10 to 15% by 2.
  • the circuit interrupter of claim 1 wherein the electrode region is an alloy of approximately 20% by weight of bismuth, the remainder being copper.
  • a vacuum alternating current circuit interrupter comprising; an evacuable envelope evacuated to a pres"- sure lower than 10* mm. of mercury; a pair: of electrical terminals adapted for connection in an alternating current circuit; a pair of electrodes located within said envelope, connected in circuit between said terminals anddisposed in spaced apart relationship during circuit interrupting operation to allow for the establishment of a circuit interrupting arc therebetween; one of said'elec trodes comprising an alloy selected from the group consisting of 10 to 35% by weight of bismuth the remainder being copper, 10 to 20% by weight of antimony the remainder being copper, 10 to 15% by weight antimony the remainder being silver, and 10 to 20% by weight of bismuth the remainder being silver; said electrodes being substantially free of all occluded and sorbed gases.
  • a vacuum alternating current circuit interrupter comprising; an evacuable envelope evacuatedto a pressure lower than 10' mm. of mercury; a pair of electrical terminals, adapted for connection in an'alternating current circuit; a pair of electrodes located within said envelope, connected in circuit between said terminals and disposed in spaced-apart relationship, during circuit interrupting operation to allow for the establishmentof a circuit interrupting are therebetween; one of said electrodes comprising a porous refractory body the interstices of which are substantially filled with an impreg- 20% by weight of bismuth the remainder being copper. 7

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  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
US750614A 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters Expired - Lifetime US2975255A (en)

Priority Applications (22)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL244627D NL244627A (en)) 1958-07-24
NL241567D NL241567A (en)) 1958-07-24
US750614A US2975255A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters
US750615A US3016436A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters
US750784A US2975256A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum type circuit interrupter
DE1959G0027419 DE1074120B (de) 1958-07-24 1959-07-02 und James Martin Laflerty Schenectadv N Y (V St A) I Vakuumschalter
DEG27420A DE1081950B (de) 1958-07-24 1959-07-03 Vakuumschalter
BE580492A BE580492A (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-08 Interrupteur de circuit du type à vide
BE580532A BE580532R (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-09 Interrupteurs de circuit de type à vide
GB24637/59A GB915560A (en) 1958-07-24 1959-07-17 Improvements in vacuum circuit interrupters
GB24617/59A GB915559A (en) 1958-07-24 1959-07-17 Improvements in vacuum type circuit interrupters
ES0250963A ES250963A1 (es) 1958-07-24 1959-07-22 Perfeccionamientos en los interruptores de circuito de tipo de vacio
NL241568D NL241568A (en)) 1958-07-24 1959-07-23
ES0251010A ES251010A2 (es) 1958-07-24 1959-07-23 Perfeccionamietnos en los interruptores de circuito del tipo de vacio
CH7613259A CH384053A (de) 1958-07-24 1959-07-23 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter
CH7613359A CH424918A (de) 1958-07-24 1959-07-23 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter
FR801033A FR1234382A (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-24 Interrupteur à atmosphère raréfiée
FR801035A FR76858E (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-24 Interrupteur à atmosphère raréfiée
FR807568A FR76868E (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-10-15 Interrupteur à atmosphère raréfiée
GB35675/59A GB922012A (en) 1958-07-24 1959-10-21 Improvements in vacuum-type circuit interrupter
DEG28207A DE1088132B (de) 1958-07-24 1959-10-22 Vakuumschalter
CH7972259A CH423925A (de) 1958-07-24 1959-10-22 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US750615A US3016436A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters
US750784A US2975256A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US750614A US2975255A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters
US76921558A 1958-10-23 1958-10-23

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US2975255A true US2975255A (en) 1961-03-14

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US750614A Expired - Lifetime US2975255A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters
US750784A Expired - Lifetime US2975256A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US750615A Expired - Lifetime US3016436A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US750784A Expired - Lifetime US2975256A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US750615A Expired - Lifetime US3016436A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 Vacuum circuit interrupters

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US (3) US2975255A (en))
BE (2) BE580492A (en))
CH (3) CH424918A (en))
DE (3) DE1074120B (en))
ES (2) ES250963A1 (en))
FR (3) FR1234382A (en))
GB (3) GB915559A (en))
NL (3) NL241568A (en))

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US3182156A (en) * 1961-09-19 1965-05-04 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US3502465A (en) * 1967-05-24 1970-03-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Contact alloys for vacuum circuit interrupters
US3514559A (en) * 1967-03-27 1970-05-26 Mc Graw Edison Co Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US3610859A (en) * 1967-08-05 1971-10-05 Siemens Ag Composite contact structure for vacuum-type circuit interrupters
US3663775A (en) * 1970-03-24 1972-05-16 Gen Electric Vacuum interrupter with contacts containing a minor percentage of aluminum
US3686456A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-08-22 Gen Electric Contact structure for an electric circuit breaker
US4426560A (en) 1980-11-13 1984-01-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Reduced pressure electrical switch
US4499009A (en) * 1981-12-21 1985-02-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electrode composition for vacuum switch
US4551395A (en) * 1984-09-07 1985-11-05 D.A.B. Industries, Inc. Bearing materials
EP0224619A1 (en) * 1985-11-04 1987-06-10 JPI Transportation Products, Inc. Bearing materials
US4749830A (en) * 1986-01-30 1988-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact pieces for vacuum switchgear, and method for the manufacture thereof
US5288458A (en) * 1991-03-01 1994-02-22 Olin Corporation Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content
US5653827A (en) * 1995-06-06 1997-08-05 Starline Mfg. Co., Inc. Brass alloys

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GB1020914A (en) * 1961-11-10 1966-02-23 Gen Electric Improvements in vacuum circuit interrupter
US3163734A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-12-29 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with improved vapor-condensing shielding
US3210505A (en) * 1962-04-03 1965-10-05 Gen Electric Electrode structure for an electric circuit interrupter
NL299341A (en)) * 1964-03-11
ES295841A1 (es) * 1963-01-30 1964-04-01 Gen Electric Interruptor de circuito eléctrico con camara de vacio
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US3283103A (en) * 1963-12-06 1966-11-01 Gen Electric Means for controlling phase relationship between flux and current in a vacuum interrupter
US3225167A (en) * 1964-03-16 1965-12-21 Gen Electric Vacuum circuit breaker with arc rotation contact means
GB1079013A (en) * 1964-04-21 1967-08-09 English Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to contacts and electrodes
DE1228697B (de) * 1964-07-13 1966-11-17 English Electric Co Ltd Druckgasschalter
GB1100259A (en) * 1965-02-16 1968-01-24 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to vacuum switch contacts
GB1078657A (en) * 1965-06-30 1967-08-09 Ass Elect Ind Grain refinement process for copper-bismuth alloys
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US3497755A (en) * 1966-07-01 1970-02-24 Gen Electric Vacuum devices with electrode members containing oxygen - reactive minor constitutent
US3369094A (en) * 1966-07-15 1968-02-13 Metcom Inc Gallium metal contact switch
US3389359A (en) * 1967-04-19 1968-06-18 Gen Electric Change of state current limiter devices with stacked segment construction
US3389360A (en) * 1967-04-19 1968-06-18 Gen Electric Change of state current limiter having flat plate construction
GB1257417A (en)) * 1970-03-20 1971-12-15
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JPS596449B2 (ja) * 1976-05-27 1984-02-10 株式会社東芝 真空しや断器
JPS52155373A (en) * 1976-05-28 1977-12-23 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Vacuum breaker
SU705909A1 (ru) * 1976-08-02 1992-10-07 Предприятие П/Я Р-6517 Система электродов дл вакуумного коммутационного прибора
JPS5519710A (en) * 1978-07-28 1980-02-12 Hitachi Ltd Vacuum breaker electrode
JPS5848323A (ja) 1981-09-16 1983-03-22 三菱電機株式会社 真空開閉器用接点
DE3428276A1 (de) * 1984-08-01 1986-02-06 Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim Werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte auf der basis von silber mit wolframkarbid und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3435637A1 (de) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-10 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
US4940862A (en) * 1989-10-26 1990-07-10 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum interrupter with improved vapor shield for gas adsorption
JP2778826B2 (ja) * 1990-11-28 1998-07-23 株式会社東芝 真空バルブ用接点材料
US5352404A (en) * 1991-10-25 1994-10-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Process for forming contact material including the step of preparing chromium with an oxygen content substantially reduced to less than 0.1 wt. %
DE4447391C1 (de) * 1994-12-23 1996-06-05 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter
GB2323213B (en) * 1997-03-10 2001-10-17 Gec Alsthom Ltd Vacuum switching device
TW200710905A (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-03-16 Hitachi Ltd Electrical contacts for vacuum circuit breakers and methods of manufacturing the same
US10872739B2 (en) * 2019-05-24 2020-12-22 Frank P Stacom Methods and systems for DC current interrupter based on thermionic arc extinction via anode ion depletion
CN110957154B (zh) * 2019-05-29 2025-04-08 湖南长高电气有限公司 一种具有自动调整功能的导电结构
DE102020208426B4 (de) * 2020-07-06 2023-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kurzschlussstrombegrenzer
FR3116938A1 (fr) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-03 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Contact d’ampoule à vide à moyenne tension à coupure d’arc améliorée et ampoule à vide associée

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3182156A (en) * 1961-09-19 1965-05-04 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US3514559A (en) * 1967-03-27 1970-05-26 Mc Graw Edison Co Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US3502465A (en) * 1967-05-24 1970-03-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Contact alloys for vacuum circuit interrupters
US3610859A (en) * 1967-08-05 1971-10-05 Siemens Ag Composite contact structure for vacuum-type circuit interrupters
US3663775A (en) * 1970-03-24 1972-05-16 Gen Electric Vacuum interrupter with contacts containing a minor percentage of aluminum
US3686456A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-08-22 Gen Electric Contact structure for an electric circuit breaker
US4426560A (en) 1980-11-13 1984-01-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Reduced pressure electrical switch
US4499009A (en) * 1981-12-21 1985-02-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electrode composition for vacuum switch
US4537743A (en) * 1981-12-21 1985-08-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electrode composition for vacuum switch
US4551395A (en) * 1984-09-07 1985-11-05 D.A.B. Industries, Inc. Bearing materials
EP0224619A1 (en) * 1985-11-04 1987-06-10 JPI Transportation Products, Inc. Bearing materials
US4749830A (en) * 1986-01-30 1988-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact pieces for vacuum switchgear, and method for the manufacture thereof
US5288458A (en) * 1991-03-01 1994-02-22 Olin Corporation Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content
US5409552A (en) * 1991-03-01 1995-04-25 Olin Corporation Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content
US5653827A (en) * 1995-06-06 1997-08-05 Starline Mfg. Co., Inc. Brass alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB915559A (en) 1963-01-16
CH424918A (de) 1966-11-30
CH423925A (de) 1966-11-15
NL241568A (en)) 1965-05-25
NL241567A (en))
CH384053A (de) 1964-11-15
DE1081950B (de) 1960-05-19
GB922012A (en) 1963-03-27
FR1234382A (fr) 1960-10-17
BE580532R (fr) 1959-11-03
ES250963A1 (es) 1959-12-16
BE580492A (fr) 1959-11-03
DE1088132B (de) 1960-09-01
US3016436A (en) 1962-01-09
FR76858E (fr) 1961-12-15
US2975256A (en) 1961-03-14
ES251010A2 (es) 1960-01-16
GB915560A (en) 1963-01-16
DE1074120B (de) 1960-01-28
NL244627A (en))
FR76868E (fr) 1961-12-15

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