US2880009A - Lever actuated machine-tool chuck - Google Patents

Lever actuated machine-tool chuck Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2880009A
US2880009A US589160A US58916056A US2880009A US 2880009 A US2880009 A US 2880009A US 589160 A US589160 A US 589160A US 58916056 A US58916056 A US 58916056A US 2880009 A US2880009 A US 2880009A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
jaws
chuck
cylinder
levers
jack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US589160A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Louis J-M Gamet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LA PRECISION INDUSTRIELLE
Original Assignee
LA PRECISION INDUSTRIELLE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LA PRECISION INDUSTRIELLE filed Critical LA PRECISION INDUSTRIELLE
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2880009A publication Critical patent/US2880009A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/16—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially
    • B23B31/16195—Jaws movement actuated by levers moved by a coaxial control rod
    • B23B31/16216—Jaws movement actuated by levers moved by a coaxial control rod using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means
    • B23B31/1622—Jaws movement actuated by levers moved by a coaxial control rod using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the spindle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/10—Expanding
    • Y10T279/1004—Collet type
    • Y10T279/1012—Fixed cam and moving jaws
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/19—Radially reciprocating jaws
    • Y10T279/1961—Lever actuated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/25—Compensation for eccentricity

Definitions

  • the form of the work-pieces to be machined is such that it is necessary to grip them with four jaws arranged in oppositepairs (in the case of four-sided work-pieces or members with opposite flats).
  • the present invention has for its object a chuck with four jaws and its operating mechanism, which enables a practically-balanced clamping action to be obtained by the four jaws on the work-piece to be held.
  • the'four jaws arranged in opposite pairs are displaced radially in the chuck by'four equal levers twoby two, the levers cor responding to one pair of opposite jaws being directed in the opposite sense to the levers corresponding to the other pair, and two members coaxial to the chuck act on the two pairs of levers, the said members being connected, one to the cylinder and the other to the piston of a" fluid jack which is free to move along the axis of the said chuck.
  • the four jaws' are preferably arranged at the same radial distance from the axis of the-work-piece to be clamped, and the four levers are equal; In this case, by reason of the equality of the oppositely-directedforces which are produced in the jack, and the equality of the levers, the four jaws are finally equally tightened. In fact, for each pair of jaws, the forces on each of them are equal and directly opposed, whilst the forces are balanced on the two pairs of jaws by virtue of the equality of action and reaction inthe forces developed into the jack.
  • the two opposite pairs of jaws may be arranged at right angles in the jack; they may also be arranged at any other desired angle.
  • the operating jack is preferably of the rotary type supplied by a rotating distributor which accompanies the axial movement of translation of the jack.
  • Fig. 1 shows a front view of a chuck with four jaws.
  • Fig. 2 is a developed cross-section along the line II-''II of Fig. l of the chuck and its operatingmechanism.
  • Fig. 3 is a detail view in perspective of the actuating member of the levers of the chuck.
  • the chuck shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is carried on the nose of a spindle 1 which rotates in a head-stock 2 of a machine-tool driven by means of a pulley 3 and a trapezoidal belt 4.
  • the chuck is centered on this spindle by a conical'mounting to which it is fixed in the usual manner, for example by means of screws.
  • the chuck is constituted by'two parts 6 and 1 assembled together, in which hollowed-out portions facing each other form the emplacement of the levers 8a and 9a.
  • the lever 82 corresponds to a jaw-carrier 10a which slides radially in the chuck and which carries a jaw 11a in known manner, fixed by means of blocks and screws 12. At a position diametrically opposite to the jaw-carrier 10a and to the jaw 11a, is arranged a further jaw carrier 10b carrying a jaw 11b.
  • the jaw-carrier 10b is operated by a lever 8b (not shown) which is identical with the lever 8a but diametrically opposite thereto.
  • the lever 9a corresponds to a jaw-carrier 1311 which carries a jaw 14a; Opposite to the jaw-carrier 13a and the'jaw 14a is arranged the jaw-carrier 13b and the jaw 14b which are operated by the lever 9b (not shown) diametrically opposite to the lever 9a and which is arranged in the same way as this latter lever.
  • the levers 8a; 8b, 921, 9b areadapted to pivot about pins 15 located in thesarne plane perpendicular to the axis of the chuck and at the same distance from said axis.
  • these levers are each constituted by an eccentric portion 16a, 17a (and 16b, 17b, not shown) which is in contact with the opposite faces 18a, 19a, 20a, 21a ofcavities formed in the'present casein the jawcarriers 10a and 13.
  • Each of these eccentrics is rigidly secured with an arm 22a, 23a for the levers 8a and 9a.
  • the two levers 8a and 9a and in consequence the two levers 8b and 9b are oppositely directed, that is to say, in order to obtain for example 'a movement of the jaw-carrier 10a towards the axis, it is necessary 'to act on the arm'22a in thedirection of the arrow F, whilst in order to obtain a movement towards the axis of the jaw-carrier 13a, action must be taken in the opposite direction (arrow G) on the arm 23aof the lever 9a.
  • This member 25 is constituted, as shown in Fig. 3, by two diametrically-opposite segments of a cylinder coupled together by a circular central portion.
  • the extremities of the two arms 23a and 235 are respectively engaged in thegrooved portions 28a and 28b of a second member 29 similar in shape to the member 25, that is to say comprising two diametrically-opposite cylindrical segments which engage with the corresponding portionsof the member 25, in such manner thatthe periphery of the two engaged-members forms practically a complete cylinder.
  • the two members 25 and 29 can slide in the central portion of thechuck, but they are prevented from rotating with respect to the chuck by means of a finger 26 fixed in the plate 27 (provided with openings for the passage of the jaws) which form the frontface'of the chuck, the said finger passing into a hole drilled in the membcr 25.
  • a tube 30 is fixed, for example by screwing, and a concentric tube 31 is also fixed in the member 25.
  • the tube 31 forms, over the whole length of the device, a longitudinal channel which enables the machining in the chuck of bars of indefinite length and also permits of the introduction of cooling fluid into the centre or again an exploratory control ensuring the automatic closure of the chuck 'when the. work-piece to be machined is introduced into the aws.
  • the actuating jack of the said chuck is able to slide on the extremity of the spindle 1.
  • This jack comprises an annular piston 32 which is rigidly fixed to the tube 30 by means of a nut 33 and a lock-nut 34.
  • This piston is contained in the cylinder 35 which is in two parts assembled together by means of screws 36, which cylinder can slide longitudinally with respect to the piston and which is fixed to the tube 31 through the intermediary of the cup-shaped member 37.
  • This cup is fixed to the cylinder 35 by the screws 38 and to the tube 31 by the nut and the lock-nut 39 and 40 respectively.
  • the cylinder and the piston are secured for rotation by a finger 41 which, during the movement of the piston with respect to the cylinder,-engages in the hole 42 drilled in the body of the cylinder.
  • the piston and the cylinder are rotatably driven together at the same speed as the spindle, for example by means of a finger 43 which, in the. example shown, is fixed on the pulley 3 and engages in a hole 44 bored in the body of the cylinder 35.
  • the whole assembly is enclosed in a casing 45 which forms a collector of leakage from the distributor of the jack, as will be described later. Frictionless fluid-tight grooves 46 and 47, provided with oil return slots 46a and 47a prevent all leakage of oil to the exterior.
  • the distributor 48 which provides for the alternate supply of fluid to the two compartments of the jack.
  • This distributor comprises the couplings 49 and 50 to flexible conduits for the supply of oil under pressure and the return circuit of the oil.
  • the rotating extension 35a of the cylinder 35 carries a ring 51 which is centered in the fixed distributor 48 without making contact therewith. This centering without contact is obtained by means of roller bearings 52.
  • the conduits 49 and 50 deliver into peripheral grooves 53 and 54 respectively of the distributor 48, and the ring 51 together with the body of the cylinder 35 are provided with channels 55 and 56 respectively which provide a communication between the conduits 49 and 50 and the compartments of the jack.
  • This nozzle 57 is also coupled to the said tank by a flexible conduit and, in the present case, this nozzle is employed in conjunction with a lug 58 fixed to the general framework 59 of the machine in order to prevent rotation of the casing 45 of the jack whilst at the same time permitting a free sliding longitudinal movement of the assembly of the jack and its casing.
  • the lengths of the levers 8 and 9 may be adapted in this case to these differences in gripping diameters and in order to obtain a balanced clamping action, it is necessary that the pair of jaws which acts on the greater of the two clamping diameters should be actuated by a pair of levers which are shorter than those which act on the smaller clamping diameter.
  • the release of the chuck and also the clamping action on the exterior are obtained by changing over the intake and return oil circuits, that is to say by sending the oil under pressure through the nozzle 50, the oil return being elfected through the nozzle 49 (arrows in dotted lines).
  • the diameter of the eccentrics and their degree of eccentricity may be such that once the gripping action has been applied, this grip is retained without it being necessary to apply the oil pressure continuously in the jack. Premature releases of the workpieces are thus avoided in the event of leakages in the conduit system or of breakages of these latter.
  • a clamping device for work-pieces on a machinetool spindle comprising a chuck secured to said spindle and having two pairs of radially displaceable opposite jaws; a first pair of equal leverage means for radially reciprocating one pair of jaws; a second pair of equal leverage means oppositely directed with respect to the said first pair for radially reciprocating the other pair of jaws; two elongated, coaxially arranged members concentric with said chuck and spindle and respectively connected with each pair of said leverage means, and a fluid operated jack comprising a piston reciprocating in a cylinder coaxial with said spindle and adapted to move freely with respect thereto, said piston being connected to one of said elongated members and said cylinder to the other and means for introducing an actuating fluid into said jack to operate the latter.
  • a clamping device for work-pieces on a machinetool spindle comprising a chuck secured to said spindle and having two pairs of radially displaceable opposite jaws; a first pair of levers having equal radial arms directed with respect to said chuck for radially reciprocating one pair of jaws; a second pair of levers oppositely directed with respect to said first pair of levers and having equal radial arms internally directed with respect to said chuck for radially reciprocating the second pair of jaws; a first member formed by two diametrically-opposite segmental portions of a cylinder coaxial to said chuck and having a peripheral groove engaging the internal ends of said first arms; a second member formed by two diametrically-opposite segmental portions of a cylinder coaxial to said chuck and having a peripheral groove engaging the internal ends of said second arms,
  • annular jack piston sliding on said spindle and connected to the end of the outer of said tubular members; and a jack cylinder enclosing said piston and longitudinally movable with respect to said spindle and connected to the end of the inner of said tubular members and means for introducing an actuating fluid into said cylinder.
  • a device further comprising a casing enclosing said piston and cylinder and stationary slide means for preventing rotation of said casing and permitting displacement of said casing in the longitudinal direction of said spindle.
  • a clamping device for work-pieces according to claim 2 wherein said piston and said cylinder are fast with said tubular members and further comprising axially directed finger means fast with said spindle and slidingly engaged into said cylinder and further axially directed finger means fast with said piston and slidingly engaged into said cylinder, whereby said cylinder and piston are driven by said spindle.
  • a machine-tool chuck comprising a cylindrical, axially apertured body, having a front part formed with four rectangular slide channels and four bores, in the same cross-section of said body and at the same distance of the axis thereof, each bore crossing perpendicularly one of the said channels; two pairs of opposite jaws, each jaw sliding in one channel and having towards the rear part of said body, a first transverse recess with two faces in parallel relationship with the corresponding bore and with the axis of said body, and a second radial recess extending from said first recess to the inner end of said jaw; an axle disposed in each of said bores; a lever pivoted about each of said axles and comprising a cylindrical portion tangentially contacting said both faces of said first recess and eccentrically carried with respect to the said axles, and a radial arm extending in said second recess, the pair of levers corresponding to one pair of jaws being oppositely directed with respect to the other pair of levers; a first member formed by two

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
US589160A 1955-06-07 1956-06-04 Lever actuated machine-tool chuck Expired - Lifetime US2880009A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1129058T 1955-06-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2880009A true US2880009A (en) 1959-03-31

Family

ID=9636596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US589160A Expired - Lifetime US2880009A (en) 1955-06-07 1956-06-04 Lever actuated machine-tool chuck

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2880009A (de)
DE (1) DE1121430B (de)
FR (1) FR1129058A (de)
GB (1) GB825763A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2986122A (en) * 1959-01-08 1961-05-30 Chauncey H Shattuck Revolving pressure cylinder
US3018114A (en) * 1958-12-16 1962-01-23 Arthur O Hanson Spider center
US3020057A (en) * 1959-02-12 1962-02-06 Prec Ind Rotary fluid supply system
US3149852A (en) * 1962-02-09 1964-09-22 Saginaw Machine And Tool Compa Chucking apparatus
US4621568A (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-11-11 The S-P Manufacturing Corporation Rotary hydraulic cylinder
US5143686A (en) * 1989-01-05 1992-09-01 Tokichi Shimizu Chuck with four differential jaws
ES2182633A1 (es) * 2000-05-09 2003-03-01 Campos Jose Luis Galvez Plato de garras autocentrantes para sujecion de piezas a mecanizar.
CN113059585A (zh) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-02 浙江京速机床附件有限公司 机械臂夹具
USD943394S1 (en) * 2020-06-22 2022-02-15 Shukla Medical Tool chuck

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1215470B (de) * 1959-07-18 1966-04-28 Auto Union Gmbh Zentrisch spannendes Mehrbackenfutter fuer Werkzeugmaschinen, insbesondere Drehbaenke
US3439925A (en) * 1965-06-28 1969-04-22 Sp Mfg Corp Hydraulic cylinder
FR2423291A1 (fr) * 1978-04-20 1979-11-16 Precision Industrielle Mandrin de serrage pour machine-outil rotative
US4637620A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-01-20 Graham Merton J Two stage chuck
AT390023B (de) * 1987-10-05 1990-03-12 Cerny Anton Verfahren zur herstellung bzw. allseitenbearbeitung von werkstuecken und bearbeitungszentrum zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE102008064525A1 (de) 2008-12-18 2010-07-01 Hainbuch Gmbh Spannende Technik Spanneinrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Spannbacke mit einer Spanneinrichtung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US534812A (en) * 1895-02-26 Pneumatic tool
US1968700A (en) * 1931-05-09 1934-07-31 Milotta Karl Hydraulic driving device for clamping chucks and the like
US1999031A (en) * 1930-03-10 1935-04-23 Hannifin Mfg Co Work holder
US2568092A (en) * 1947-04-25 1951-09-18 Cushman Chuck Co Swivel connection for air operated chucks
GB761157A (en) * 1953-03-09 1956-11-14 Prec Ind Improvements in or relating to hydraulic rotary distributors

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE519389C (de) * 1929-10-20 1931-02-27 Fischer & Co Rohrabstechmaschine
US2524485A (en) * 1949-04-09 1950-10-03 Cushman Chuck Co Compensating-jaw chuck
US2671371A (en) * 1950-03-16 1954-03-09 Morey Machinery Co Inc Expanding mandrel for lathes
DE871101C (de) * 1950-08-04 1953-04-20 Pierre Francois Beausoleil Vierbackenspannfutter fuer Drehbaenke
FR1031492A (fr) * 1951-01-27 1953-06-24 Cazeneuve Ets Perfectionnement apporté aux tours ou machines-outils ou analogues
US2733071A (en) * 1952-06-04 1956-01-31 Chuck for machine tools

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US534812A (en) * 1895-02-26 Pneumatic tool
US1999031A (en) * 1930-03-10 1935-04-23 Hannifin Mfg Co Work holder
US1968700A (en) * 1931-05-09 1934-07-31 Milotta Karl Hydraulic driving device for clamping chucks and the like
US2568092A (en) * 1947-04-25 1951-09-18 Cushman Chuck Co Swivel connection for air operated chucks
GB761157A (en) * 1953-03-09 1956-11-14 Prec Ind Improvements in or relating to hydraulic rotary distributors

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018114A (en) * 1958-12-16 1962-01-23 Arthur O Hanson Spider center
US2986122A (en) * 1959-01-08 1961-05-30 Chauncey H Shattuck Revolving pressure cylinder
US3020057A (en) * 1959-02-12 1962-02-06 Prec Ind Rotary fluid supply system
US3149852A (en) * 1962-02-09 1964-09-22 Saginaw Machine And Tool Compa Chucking apparatus
US4621568A (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-11-11 The S-P Manufacturing Corporation Rotary hydraulic cylinder
US5143686A (en) * 1989-01-05 1992-09-01 Tokichi Shimizu Chuck with four differential jaws
ES2182633A1 (es) * 2000-05-09 2003-03-01 Campos Jose Luis Galvez Plato de garras autocentrantes para sujecion de piezas a mecanizar.
USD943394S1 (en) * 2020-06-22 2022-02-15 Shukla Medical Tool chuck
CN113059585A (zh) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-02 浙江京速机床附件有限公司 机械臂夹具
CN113059585B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2022-08-05 浙江京速机床附件有限公司 机械臂夹具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1121430B (de) 1962-01-04
GB825763A (en) 1959-12-23
FR1129058A (fr) 1957-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2880009A (en) Lever actuated machine-tool chuck
US2466651A (en) Chuck
US2729459A (en) Balanced rotary chuck
US3176553A (en) Pick off attachment
US4349207A (en) Fluid actuated chuck
US2597280A (en) Power-operated universal chuck
US3740806A (en) Automatic tool machine having a multi position indexing arrangement
US2782044A (en) Non-rotating collet actuator
US4048880A (en) System for supplying hydraulic fluid to aggregates on spindles or the like
US2794648A (en) Compensating chuck
US4938491A (en) Four-jaw self-centering chuck
USRE24684E (en) Power-operated chuck of the compensating type
US2528442A (en) Power chuck
US2565330A (en) Power chuck
US3779110A (en) Lathes with chuck transfer mechanism
US3521894A (en) Air chuck having air distributing valve
US2546326A (en) Machine tool
US2771297A (en) Adjustable stop for a collet or the like
US2573166A (en) Air chuck
US1613090A (en) Self-centering chuck
US1999031A (en) Work holder
US2655383A (en) Fluid pressure operated rotary work or tool holder
US3150878A (en) Hollow spindle tool clamp
US3096988A (en) Compensating power chuck
US3498618A (en) Chuck and collet actuator