Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/124—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components
  • B41M5/1243—Inert particulate additives, e.g. protective stilt materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
  • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
  • B01J13/025—Applications of microcapsules not provided for in other subclasses
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
  • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
  • B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
  • B01J13/10—Complex coacervation, i.e. interaction of oppositely charged particles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249994—Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
  • Y10T428/249995—Constituent is in liquid form
  • Y10T428/249997—Encapsulated liquid
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
  • Y10T428/31768—Natural source-type polyamide [e.g., casein, gelatin, etc.]
  • Y10T428/31772—Next to cellulosic
  • Y10T428/31775—Paper
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31844—Of natural gum, rosin, natural oil or lac
  • Y10T428/31848—Next to cellulosic

Definitions

• the transfer coating has, therein, material which prevents smudging during ordinary handling of the paper but which in no way interferes with the transfer characteristics of the sheet.
• Thetransfersheet pro 7 Y i vided by thisinvention has the cellulose fiberingredients' has been made and of which this is ajcontinuation in, part, is disclosed: in United States-Letters.PatentjNoe This is a continuation in part of myapplication for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 243,583, filed August 24, 1951, now abandoned. In the mentioned application, of which this is a continuation in part, the invention was described with reference to a transfer coating which consisted of a hydrophilic colloid film having dispersed therethrough a profuse number of microscopic droplets of an oily marking fluid. This transfer film was derived from an oil-in-Water emulsion. The outer phase of the emulsion was the film-forming colloid material, dispersed in water. The invention described in that apnumberjof individual capsulesof-hydrophilic colloid material, of. miscroscopic sizegeach capsule containing one.
• the transfer film is rupturable by marking pressures, so as torelease the oily marking fluid from the hydrophilic colloid, whether in a continuous film form or in the microscopic capsule form. In a'transin the film to prevent such smudging.
• the-frontsurface ofthesheetQ of record materiali is coated with: a sensitizing material
• the transfer coating consists offa' or more. oil droplets containing the marking ingredient;
• those used in the'continuous typeof'film'derived froman emulsion should be not more than approximately 35 microns in length, soas not to interferewith the er nulsionf y structure.
• the Z fibers may be up to 350 Iriicronsin length or more.
• cellulose 'fibers may be used with the capsule type of,
• an objectof thisinvention to provide a record sheet having thereon a transfer coating which 1 includes fluid droplets-of marking fluidprotectedfrom escape *by film-forming hydrophilic "colloid material which is rupturable by marking or printing pressures to release the'oil; and which hydrophilic colloid material hasincorporated therein cellulosetfibers of microscopic ⁇ si ze, which cause the transfer film to be resistant to destruction by rough handling, so'as not tojprematurely' release theoily marking fluid.
• the invention includes certain novel" features, the preferred and other embodiments'of which are-hereinafter described in this specification.
• the 'hydrophilic material is ruptured at the points of pressure, allow- 7 ing the fluid to be transferred to the undersheet.
• the continueus-film type of transfer coating is an emulsion made from a sol of hydrophilic V g colloid material'which' forms the external phase, and an.
• the cellulose fibers can beadded eitheifto Ltheinternal phase material, to the external phasematerial, or to both ina; V terials before they are emulsified together, "or into the emulsion after the first-blending of the two pliases.:.j'll1e' L emulsion isjnoreeasilyfmade by adding the cellulose, fibers to the internal phasematerial before it is blended" I wit htthe external phaseimaterial, because of the 'c ontact V f 2,711,375 Patented June a1, 55
• the selected marking material is a colorless color-reactant compound, which is dissolved in a chlorinated diphenyl of approximately 48% chlorine content, and the process of making it will largely follow that disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 2,548,366, of Barrett K. Green and Robert W. Sandberg, the novelty over such method as disclosed in said patent being the use of cellulose fibers.
• the external phase material is made by incorporating one part, by weight, of animal gelatin, having an isoelectric point of pH 8 and a jelly strength of 275 grams, as measured by the Bloom gelometer, in three parts, by weight, of water, heated to 150 degrees Fahrenheit, to form a sol.
• the internal phase is made by dissolving 1%. parts, by weight, of crystal violet lactone, and 1 /2 parts, by weigl t, ofbenzoyl leuco methylene blue in 97 parts, by weight, of chlorinated diphenyl, as specified.
• Into four parts, by weight, of the external phase is blended three parts, by weight, of the oily internal. phase material plus the added cellulose fiber. These materials are then emulsified by stirring for the required period.
• the finished emulsion is applied While still hot, or reheated if it has been allowed to cool, to paper, and dried.
• the coating is applied in such an amount that, when dried, the coating will be of the order of .001 of an inch in thickness.
• the preferred average drop size is of the order of 2 /2 to 3 /2 microns, the presence of the cellulose fiber making the drop size more uniform than would be the case if the cellulose fibers were not usd. in emulsions where the cellulose fiber is not used, such might end with the spread of the internal drop size between 1 and 5 microns.
• the alpha cellulose is preferred, and the fiber length should be of the order of five to ten times the diameter of the average drop of the internal phase, although that ratio is not critical. This emulsification takes about thirty minutes, by stirring in an open receptacle.
• the specified crystal violet lactone is a colorless, or white, crystalline compound, which assumes a dark blue color on contact with acid-like clay, such as attapulgite, with which paper may be sensitized, such sensitized paper also being disclosed in the United States Patent No. 2,543,366, just mentioned.
• the molecular formula of crystal violet lactone is 3,3 bis (p-dimethylaminophenyl)- 6 dimethylamino phthalide, and the crystal violet lactone may be made by the process disclosed in United States Letters Patent Re. 23,024, which issued on the application of Clyde S. Adams.
• the benzoyl leuco methylene blue has the following structure:
• the emulsion coating may be air-dried at normal temperature or by a hot-air blast.
• the fibers of cellulose first come into contact with the oil internal phase and then become incorporated in the external phase. If desired, all or part of the cellulose fibers are put into what a. is to become the external phase before the intended external phase and the intended internal phase are blended together. This results in the very satisfactory smudgeproof record material, and the required time of emulsification is reduced. If it is so desired, the cellulose fibers may be beaten into the emulsion ingredients while in the emulsification stage, and they may be incorporated therein at any time up to and including the final stirring. Of course, the latter event, the fibers play no part in reducing the required emulsification time, and the finished rec rd material made therefrom is not quite as good as that made from process.
• the gelatin of the external phase may be replaced by polyvinyl alcohol, if desired.
• oils that may be used in place of the chlorinated diphenyl are paraflin oil, naphthenic oil, castor oil, neatsfoot oil, lard oil, olive oil, tributyl phosphate, and ethylphthalyl-ethyl-glycollate.
• the transfer coating consists of microscopic capsules containing the marking oil mixed with the cellulose fiber
• the capsules containing the printing fluid are made first, and
• the cellulose fibers are added with a binder, so that they are not within the colloid itself but are interlaced in and around the colloid capsules.
• the encapsulating material which encloses the oil droplets, is a complex of gelled hydrophilic colloid materials.
• the printing fluid of the preferred type is the crystal violet lactone mentioned in connection with the first embodiment specified above, dissolved in oil, which produces dark blue marks when coming into contact with record material sensitized with clay-like material such as attapulgite, or zeolite material such as sodium aluminum silicate material.
• the ingredients are kept at approximately 50 degrees centigrade, which is above the gel point of the ingredients. Now that the colloid material has deposited around the oil droplets, forming particles, the colloid.
• the materials solids in the paper-coating composition would consist of 100 grams of the capsules, with the included oil, taken on a dry basis-that is to say, without the water-40 grams of cellulose fiber, and grams of paper-coating starch.
• the amount of fiber is not critical, and as lit-' tle or as much as desired may be used.
• the coating composition containing the cellulose fibe is coated on paper by' any of the well-known paper-- coating'means, as by brushing or roller-coating, and
• the fibers may be of any size desired, fiber lengths as long as 350 microns not being appre ciably noticeable in the coating. 7
• a manifold sheet having thereon a coatfnglof pressure-rupturable microscopic capsules of hydrophilic colloid material, each capsule containing an oily marks ing fluid and the coating containing interlaced around the capsules microscopic fibers of cellulose.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Color Printing (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26935955

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (28)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 0
  • NL NL76787D patent/NL76787C/xx active
  • NL NLAANVRAGE7106157,A patent/NL170725B/nl unknown
  • BE BE513668D patent/BE513668A/xx unknown
• 1952
  • 1952-07-18 FR FR1066210D patent/FR1066210A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1952-08-09 DE DEN5905A patent/DE931531C/de not_active Expired
  • 1952-08-18 GB GB2067852A patent/GB731443A/en not_active Expired
  • 1952-08-22 CH CH301830D patent/CH301830A/fr unknown
• 1954
  • 1954-02-19 US US41158054 patent/US2711375A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (1)

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