US2629348A

US2629348A - Bomb shelter

Info

Publication number: US2629348A
Application number: US186073A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kifferstein Harry
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1950-09-21
Filing date: 1950-09-21
Publication date: 1953-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 1970-02-24

Description

Feb. 24, 1953 H. KIFFERSTEIN 2,629,348

BOMB SHELTER Filed Sept. 21, 1950 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 A r ragu e7.

Fatented Feb. 24, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 13 Claims.

This invention relates to a bomb shelter construction and more particularly to bomb shelters for individual use or family use and which is adapted particularly for placing partially in the ground in the back yard of the prospective user.

Itis the object of the present inventionto provide an inexpensive and simplified reinforced concrete bomb shelter of substantially cylindrical form and which is provided with door openings. and doors at its opposite ends and which is adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least 50 per cent thereof arranged below the grade line and with the balance of the shelter covered by dirt to be mounded thereover.

It is a further object of the present invention to, provide a simple and compact bomb shelter which is fully effective for its intended purpose.

These and other objects will be seen from the following specification and claims in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:

Fig. l is a plan view of the bomb shelter showing in dotted lines the opened positions of the door elements at its opposite ends.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on. line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a section on line lll of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a section on line 55 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 6 is an elevationalsection of the bomb shelter showing a slight variation in its wall construction.

It will be understood that the above drawings illustrate merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and that other embodiments are contemplated within the scope of the claims hereafter set out.

Referring to the drawings the bomb shelter construction includes the elongated horizontally positioned hollow cylindrical housing I l which is preferably constructed. of a poured concrete which is suitably reinforcedv asv indicated at I2 in the drawing and whose opposite ends are open as shown. In the finished construction the opposite ends have dome shaped or hemispherical covers to complete the enclosure. Said covers include the lower half semi-circular portions it which are also formed and constructed of reinforced concrete and which are suitably secured to the lower end portions of the housing as hereafter described.

The upper halves of the closures are similarly formed of concrete which is suitably reinforced and includes a pair of openable ninety degree elements It and I5 such as shown in Fig. 1 as well as Fig. 5 and which are suitably hinged to the side portions of the housing as illustrated in Fig. 1, and which are adapted to open outwardly and laterally of the housing as shown in dotted lines.

The opposite ends of housing I I are initially formed with an outwardly projecting semi-circular attaching flange l5 whose outside diameter is less than the outside diameter of the housing and isbest: illustrated in Figs.. 2 and. 3..

The relatively permanent semi-circularly shaped end caps l3 have similarly formed semicircular outwardly directed flanges ll. whose inner diameter is greater than the interior diameter of the cap whereby the flange ll of the caps i3 overlap the ilange It at the opposite ends of the housing. Said caps are secured to the housing flange is by the transverse bolts I8 and their respective nuts as in Fig. 3.

As shown in the drawings the cylindrical housing H is positioned within the earth ls so that substantially one-half of the cylindrical housing is below the grade line 20, and with the remainder of the shelter intermediate its ends being mounded over with dirt as at 2|.

The respective door elements [4 and i5 which form the upper halves of the dome shaped covers for the shelter are laterally joined to the housing and hingedly secured thereto as by the hinges 2g and their attaching bolts 23. It will be seen from Figs. 2 and 5 that the door elements id and is are in registry with the grade line 23 and are thus free for hinged opening movements laterally oi the housing H such as to the dotted line positions shown in Fig. 1. When closed the adjacent inner edges of the door elements engage each other along the longitudinal central lines 2:; as shown in Figs. 1 and 5.

A cylindrical sleeve 25 constructed preferably of steel is positioned upon the interior of the cylindrical concrete housing H with the exterior diameter of the sleeve substantially the same as-the interior diameter of the housing II.

There is also provided a cylindrically shaped preferably lead shield 25 which is snugly positioned around the exterior surface of the concrete housing ll, and the members 25- and 26 may, if desired, be secured to the housing H such as by the transverse bolts 27. It is con;- templated however that these bolts could be omitted if desired.

The end caps or" the housing which include the stationary caps iSas well as the openable door elements i4 and I5 are similarly lined with a properly formed dome shaped, preierably steel, sheet 28 and a similarly shaped lead shield is is arranged upon the exterior of said cap elements, in the manner illustrated in the drawings.

In applicants preferred construction the housing as well as the dome shaped cap elements are Water-proofed in any suitable manner such as by the application of a suitable water-proofing compound upon their exterior as Well as interior surfaces before the. insertion and mounting of the respective steel and lead sleeves.

In a variation of the invention, as shown in Fig. 6, it appears that there is an additional cylindrically shaped lead shield 34 interposed between the interior surface of the concrete housing and the exterior surface of the steel cylinder 25, to thereby provide further protection to the occupants as against certain harmful rays from an. exploded bomb. In all other respects the variation shown in Fig. die the same as that shown in the other figures of the drawings.

To further reinforce the interior of the shelter against collapse there is provided a plurality of upright longitudinally spaced formed preferably concrete column 30 as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 which have provided upon their opposite ends the arcuate extensions 3| and 32 which cooperatively bear against the respective interior top and bottom surfaces of the steel sleeve 25.

The columns 30 are also formed with the transverse seat elements 33 which, as shown in the drawing, extend at right angle from the respective columns and with their outer ends formed, and of such length as to cooperatively engage the lower interior surfaces of the shelter casing 25. As shown in Fig. 3 the columns and seats 33 are longitudinally spaced throughout the length of the shelter for the convenience of the occupants.

It is contemplated that the door elements i4 and [5 may be manually opened from either the interior or exterior of the shelter, and if desired a hydraulic jack or other similar device could be provided to facilitate opening of the door elements in the event that they should be covered with debris.

While the present preferred embodiment of the invention shows the caps at the ends of the cylindrical housing as including a bottom one-half of semi-circular shape which is secured to the housing and a pair of quarter sections of the caps l4 and 15 as being separately hinged at 22 to the housing, it is contemplated that only one door element be provided at the opposite ends of the housing if desired. For this purpose the door would be preferably of a quarter section shape such as the door I4, and in that case the quarter section 15 would be an integral part of the lower half I3 of the cap.

While the above description illustrates a cylindrical housing it is contemplated that the housing could have any other desired cross sectional shape such as oval or rectangular, and in that case the closure caps would be of corresponding similar shape. Thus as hereafter claimed the bomb shelter includes a cylindrical housing, however it is intended that such housing would have its equivalent structure whether the housing was cylindrical or had some alternate cross sectional shape such as above referred to.

Having described my invention reference should now be had to the claims which follow for determining the scope thereof.

I claim:

1. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, and dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said cap being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, and hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing.

2. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, and a steel sleeve positioned within and against the interior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length.

3. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pair of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a steel sleeve positioned within and against the interior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, and similarly formed steel plates secured within the interior surfaces of said caps.

4. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a steel sleeve positioned within and against the interior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, and a lead sleeve positioned around and against the exterior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length.

5. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a steel sleeve positioned within and against the interior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, a lead sleeve positioned around and against the exterior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, and similarly formed and shaped steel and lead plates secured upon the interior and exterior surfaces of said caps respectively.

6. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a steel sleeve positioned within and against the interior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, a lead sleeve positioned around and against the exterior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, a second lead sleeve interposed between said steel sleeve and the interior surface of said housing, and similarly shaped lead plates and a steel plate joined to the corresponding surfaces of said caps.

7. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open -ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground With at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, said housing having semi-circular flanges of reduced exterior diameter, at its opposite ends projecting from the lower half thereof, the lower halves of said caps having similarly formed semi-circular flanges of increased interior diameter overlapping said housing flanges, and transverse bolts extending through and interconnecting said flanges.

8. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, and a plurality of upright longitudinally spaced concrete columns within said housing with their respective ends engaging opposed top and bottom interior wall portions of said housing.

9. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing lat- 5 erally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a plurality of upright longitudinally spaced concrete columns within said housing, and arcuate transverse end portions on said columns engaging opposed top and bottom interior wall portions of said housing.

10. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, dome shaped hemispherical caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a plurality of upright longitudinally spaced concrete columns Within said housing with their respective ends engaging opposed top and bottom interior wall portions of said housing, said columns having horizontal transverse elements formed integrally with and projecting from opposite sides of said columns, with their ends engaging opposite interior wall portions of said housing.

11. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, and caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, and hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing.

12. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely openable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, a steel sleeve positioned within and against the interior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, a lead sleeve positioned around and against the exterior surface of said housing and extending throughout its length, and steel and lead plates secured upon the interior and exterior surfaces of said caps respectively.

13. A bomb shelter comprising a hollow open ended cylindrical housing of steel reinforced concrete adapted for longitudinal positioning within the ground with at least one-half of its area below the grade line, caps of similar material joined to the opposite ends thereof, the upper halves of said caps being separate from the lower halves, and being centrally and vertically divided providing laterally and oppositely o-penable pairs of door elements at opposite ends of said housing, hinges interconnecting said door elements and said housing, and a plurality of upright longitudinally spaced concrete columns within said housing with their respective ends engaging opposed top and bottom interior wall portions of said housing.

HARRY KIFFERS'IEIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 840,680 Arno-1d Jan. 8, 1907 1,471,841 Flannery Oct. 23, 1923 1,564,205 Clank Dec. 8, 1925 1,841,321 Armstein et a1 Jan. 12, 1932 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 64,951 Norway June 22, 1942 505,918 Great Britain May 19, 1939 544,070 Great Britain Mar. 26, 1942 864,638 France Nov. 1, 1941