US2603021A

US2603021A - Cocking mechanism for shotguns

Info

Publication number: US2603021A
Application number: US691755A
Authority: US
Inventors: Paulve Marcel
Original assignee: SOC FR DES MUNITIONS DE CHASSE DE TIR ET DE GUERRE
Current assignee: Francaise Des Munitions De Tir Et De Guerre (anciens Gevelot & Gaupillat) Ets SA Ste; SOC FR DES MUNITIONS DE CHASSE DE TIR ET DE GUERRE
Priority date: 1945-08-31
Filing date: 1946-08-20
Publication date: 1952-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 1969-07-15
Also published as: GB627024A; DE811564C; FR918641A; CH259152A; BE467355A

Description

July l5, 1952 M. PAULVE 2,603,021

COOKING MECHANISM FOR SHOT GUNS July 15, 1952 M. PAuLvE COOKING MECHANISM FOR SHOT GUNS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 20, 1946 liz@ zJ zzwlo ,Pa/w U C July 15, 1952 M. PAULVE COOKING MECHANISM FOR SHOT GUNS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 20, 1946 Zn/U zmbof Patented July l5, 1952 irs y 2,603,021 Y Cocxmo Meenemen/r iron sao'ronNs VAlznplication August 20, 1946,r Serial No. 691,755 In France August 31, 1945 Claims.

1 This invention relates to sporting guns or rifles and more particularly contemplates the manufacture on an industrial scale of a gun or vrifle which has heretofore been manufactured `*by empirical means by skilled craftsmen. Thus the barrels have been assembled by brazing or with tin solder. The same is true as regards the manufacture of the mechanism, in which gen ometrically shaped pieces and spring blades necessitate le finishing work.

lThe improvements forming the subject amat ter of the present invention provide for manufacture by means of a minimum of series produced mechanical parts, the assembly of which is simple and speedy, associated with simple coil springs in reduced numbers. Y

"The present invention consists in a sporting gun or rifle of the kind comprising a frame and two barrels hinged thereto, having two sliding hammers, each of whichvare cocked by a spring compressed by the breaking and closing of the gun, and which are held in cocked position by sears. The front end of each hammer co-operates with an appertaining cooking cam pivotally mounted in a block which in turn is pivotally mounted on the rocking axis of the barrels and is rocked by the rocking of the barrels upon the opening and closing of the gun.

'The cocking cams are pivotally mounted, within a single recess in the said block, on a hinged pin located parallel to the pivotal axis of the block. Each cam has an upper and a lower bevel, adapted to selectively engage a bevelled surface within the recess, whereby each oi said cams may selectively occupyrone of two positions according to the engagement of either of said two ybevels thereon. When vone of the bevels engages the `surface within the said recess, in one of said positions, on the opening oi the gun, each cam projects insuciently beyond the edge kof the block to move its appertaining hammer intoi'engagement with its sear. Upon the closing ofthe gun, each cam is rocked into a second position, vduring the course of whichxmovement it is projected sufficiently far to .cock its hammer 'by iengagement with its sear. i

Hooks having circular recesses therein are vprovided on the two barrels, respectively, the said frame having two recesses disposed longitudinally of theframe and having disposed therein, about the rocking axis of the barrels, bushes which are adapted to be receivedin the circular recesses in the said hooks. The said bushes may be removable for the purpose of replacement.

The gun or rie according to the invention is taining ejector.

, 2 f i provided with cartridge ejectors adapted for slid'- vingmovement in relation to the barrels,` and movements transmitting leversfor controlling the said ejectors, the said levers being mounted to rock Within vthe bl'ock about the pivotal axis of the said cams. There is also provided a fixed ele-'- ment mounted in the said block, against which element the movement transmitting levers, towards the end of the rocking'movement upon the opening of the gun, are adapted to bear so as to be slightly rocked about their axis for the purpose of advancing the cartridge ejectors to a certain extent sufcient to permit of extraction by handr of loaded or empty cartridge cases when located in the barrels.

The end ofk each transmitting lever opposite the end co-operating with its cartridgeejector is caused upon the opening of the gun to assume a position which is such that, when the appertaining cooking cam has lbeen rocked to move back its associated hammer withv compression of the. hammer cooking spring and has moved past its .furtherest .projected position so that expansion of the said spring returns the said ham mer suddenly forward, the forward end of said hammer impinges violently against the said lever vfor automatic ejection of the cartridge.

The forward end of each hammer` carries a roller pivotally secured theretorand adapted to cooperate with its respective cooking cam for actuation thereby, and the forward end of each hammer is furnished with va sloping portion adapted to co-operate with its associatedv movement transmitting lever for actuation of its apper- The block is provided on its lower side With an abutment adapted, when the gun is opened,v to bear ,against a Abearing surface on the frame of the gun forthe purpose of limiting the extent to which the barrels can be rocked..

Each hammer cooking spring is housed within an axial recess in Vitsrhammer and bears against the Vframe of the gun with its free end.

lacoaai Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the mechanism of the gun, one hammer being shown in uncooked position;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the frame of the gun and appended parts;

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the barrel assembly rotated through 180 from its position shown in Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal vertical section of the frame, showing the position of the parts when the gun has been opened fully;

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Figfi, showing the parts when one hammer is cocked and the gun is open;

Fig. 6 is a partial plan and horizontal section through the frame of Fig. 2.

The gun comprises a frame I to which is secured the stock. On a hinge-pin 2 of said frame, there is pivotally mounted a pair of barrels 3. A fore-part 4 which serves to hold the latches 3 of the barrels 3 in engagement with the hinge-pin 2 is itself held by a latch 6 against an assembly member 5 of said barrels 3. The latched condition of latch 6 is maintained by the action of a spring 1.

' The above-described parts makes it possible to omit the hook which, in other types of guns, is usually soldered to the barrel in order to hold the fore-part.

Centrally the forward part of the frame I has a mortise Ia. A block 8 disposed in said mortise Ia is journaled onthe hinge-pin 2 mounted in the frame I. This block 8 controls the mechanism as a whole. It has a projection 8a which fits in a slot 4 formed in the fore-part 4. The opening of the gun rocks the block 8 about the pin 2. The block 8 has an abutment y8 which limits the breakdown of the gun.

A pair of horizontal slots 9 formed in the frame receive the two hammers 9, respectively, which are slidable horizontally. Said hammers 9 effect percussion of the cartridges and ejection of the cartridge cases, moved forwardly by the action of their springs I8. held cocked by their sears I I, respectively, which are latched in the hammer catches 9a by the springs I2.

At the right-hand side of Fig. 1 there is shown one trigger I3 which When actuated by linger pressure rocks its corresponding sear II which releases its hammer 9 which under the action of its spring I0, when the gun is closed, impinges against a cartridge placed in a barrel 3.

Two cams I4 are housed in a recess 8b formed in the block 8 with parallel plane sides and a rear plane surface 8c at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the block 8. Cams I4 actuate the hammers 9, respectively, through rollers I5 pivotally carried at the forward ends of the hammers 9, respectively.

Two transmitting movement levers I6 operating the extractors I8 are pivoted about the same axis as their cams I4, cams I4 and levers I6 being mounted on a hinge-pin I1 carried by the block 8 in its recess 8c, and parallel with the hinge-pin 2. It should be noted that each cam I4 is provided on its lower forward end with an upper bevel I4a and a lower bevel I4b shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, so that each cam is adapted to bear selectively through either bevel I4a or bevel I4b against the rear plane surface 8 of the recess 8b housing the cams I4 in the block 8.

A cam I9 is mounted in the recess 8b of the vblock 8 for a purpose hereinafter described.

The hammers 9 areA The frame I has three recesses A, B and C (Fg. 2). The recess A which is the central mortise ISL receives the block 8 and the parts carried thereby (that is the pair of movable cams I4, the pair of movement transmitting levers I6 and the xed camIS) The two side recesses B and C receive the barrel latches 3', respectively.

When the gun is opened, each cam I4 pushes back its hammer 9 through its roller I5. The cam I4 pushes its hammer 9 back as far as the point at which the cam I4 passes a line parallel with the line of movement of the hammer 9 and crosses the horizontal axis of the roller I5. In such position of the cam I4, the travel of hammer 9 is not long enough for the hammer 9 to engage its catch 9a on its sear I I. As soon as the tip of the cam I4 ,has crossed the said yaxis of roller I5, said cam I4 is rocked upwardly (Fig. 4) and the end of hammer 9 returning forwardly impinges against its movement transmitting lever lI 6 which is mounted in the recess 8b of the block 8 parallel with cams I4 and journaled on the hinge-pin I1. Movement transmitting lever I6 then transmits to its cartridge extractor I8 the momentum. of the hammer 9 and causes ejection of the cartridge case (Fig. 4).

When the gun is being closed, the cam I4, which in its raised position illustrated in Fig. 4 bears through its upper bevel I4a against-l the surface `8c of the recess 8b in the block 8 that encloses same, urges while said closing movement is being executedits hammer 9 back through a sufcient distance in order that its sear I I may engage the hammer 9 through its catch 9a provided for this purpose (Fig. 5). As the tip of the cam I4 crosses the horizontal axis of its roller I5, the cam I4 rocks downwardly (Fig. 5), leaving its hammer 9 engaged by its sear II in readiness for the firing of the freshly chambered cartridge.

It is obvious therefore that each cam I4 acts upon its hammer 9y to cam the same, in the opening movement of the gun, the displacement of hammer 9, however, being not sufcient to engage the hammer 9 with its sear I I, whereas the camming displacement, in the closing movement, does cause such engagement because the tip of the cam I4 moves toward and away from the axis of the hinge-pin 2 during the opening and the closing of the gun, respectively, by reason of its angular shifting. This is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 by radial broken lines Rand r, respectively. It will be seen, Fig. 4, that line R indicating the distance from the axis of the hinge-pin 2 to the tip of the cam I4 when in its position during the closing movement is greater than line r (Fig. l5') indicating the distance from the axis of the hinge-pin 2 to the tip of the cam I4 when in its position during the opening. It will be noted (Figs. 1, 4 and 5) that the tip of the cam lI4 is always positioned below a line drawn through the axis of the hinge-pin 2 and the axis of the hingepinr I1, indicated in Figs. 4 and 5 by the broken line L. i

If the gun is opened without. the release of one of the hammers 9 having been initiated,v its cam lI4 remains in its loweredposition so that its tip travels onian-arc such that the cam I4 does not contact its; roller I5 by reason Vof said cam `I4 -engaging'the surface l8c of the recess 8b by its lowerbevelf'l`4b. C'onsequently,-said cam I4 does notmove its hammer 9. Movement transmitting levers YIii-are rocked byithe xed cam I9 (Fig. 5)

and push out the cartridge extractors I8 a sui,- iieient amount to enable the cartridges to be extracted by hand. Said cam vI9 is housed in therecess!!b of the block --onrthe hinge-pin-Z. It'fis heldfast by a'projection I9 on its lower portion and retained inra grooveformed in the framel.

Closure of the gun is ensured byasingle latch member 20-mountedon vthe'fram-e l, lmovable horizontally by the angular displacementof a key member 2l; and held in latched condition by a spring-22. Said spring 22 is contained in Aa recess formed in the shankportion of the frame I. Said latch 2D, guided'by a pairofv lateral slideways, movesto engage therupper face-ofthe end ofy the extension of the barrels 3'.

The barrel latches 3 in recesses Band C are rotatable on bushing 2a, respectivelyin which extends the hinge-pin 2.- Said bushing'sf may be replaced when required-so as to permit of taking up any amount of wear causing play. 'Q I claim:

1.1In an upward-tiltingbreech double bar"- relled gun, the combination of a centrally -mortisedframe; two hammers adapted to slide longitudinally in said central mortise; springs urg-ing said hammers forwardly; a barrel member mounted on a pivotal axis on theframe; a block movable with the barrel member, pivoted lon said axis, facing the hammers and provided with afcerntral flat recess bounded by parallel side planes and a rear Aplane surface atan acute angler to the longitudinal axis of said block,A said recess openingtowardsthe hammers; a pivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockably secured to said pivot in front of each hammer and having a doublebevelled inner end, the tip of which cam lies underneath the line connecting said pivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, the cam being adapted to be shifted through cooperation with the end of the cooperating hammer between a lower position for which it engages through its lower bevel the angular rear surface of the recess andan upper position for which its upper bevel engages said angular rear surface, the engagement between the cam Yand the cooperating end of the corresponding hammer constraining the latter to move rearwardly throughia certain length through the downwardly positioned cam upon opening of the. gun and through a greater length through the upwardly positioned cam when'the gun is being closed; a sear adapted to engage the hammer for holding itin its r'earmost position produced by the cam during the closing of the gun; and means for releasing said sear to cause the operative movement of the hammer.

2. In an upward tilting breech double barrelled gun, the combination of a centrally mortised frame; two hammers adapted to slide longitudinally in said central mortise; springs urging said hammers forwardly; a barrel member mounted on a pivotal axis on the frame; a block movable with the barrel member, pivoted on said axis, facing the hammers and provided with a central at recess bounded by parallel side planes and a rear plane surface at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of said block, said recess opening towards the hammers, a pivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockably secured to said pivot in front of each hammer and having a double-bevelled inner end, the tip of which cam lies underneath the line connecting said pivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, the cam being adapted to be shifted through cooperation with the end of the cooperating hammer between a lower position for, which it..engages'through its lowervv bevel the angular rear surface ofthe recess. and-an upperposition vfor' lwhich itsvupper bevel engages said `angularrear surface, the engagement'between the camV and the `cooperatingend roffthe cooperating-hammer constraining` the latter :to move rearwardly through La certain .length through the -downwardly positioned camcupon opening of the gun and through a `greater length through the upwardly positioned cam when fthe gun-is being closed; va fsear-a'daptedto engage thefhammerlfor holding it in itsrearmostv position vproduced bythe f cam vduring: the closing of the gun; means for releasing Saidsear .to cause operativemovement .of the hammer.;l :two transmitting levers:pivotally-secured -to the pivot in theblockjthe lower ends of whichlevers are controlled i lwhen the gun is open-by the movements Yof the hammers, respectively, when returned into relled gun, the` combination ofa lcentrallymortised frame;-twohammersadapted to slide longitudinally in -said central mortise; springs urging said hammers forwardly; .albarrelmember mounted on afpivotal axis on the frame; ablock movable with the barrel memberfpivoted oncsaid axis, facing the hammers` and provided withr a central nat recess bounded by parallel side planes and a rear plane surface at an 4acute Vangle to the longitudinal axis of said b1ock,said recess opening towards the hammers; apivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockably vsecured to -said pivot infront of each hammer and having ya double-bevellcd inner end, the Itip of which cam lies underneath the line connecting said pivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, the cam .being adaptedfto be shifted through cooperation ywith the end of the corresponding hammer betweenca lower position'for which it engages through its lower bevel the angular rear'v surface of thefrecess and an upperposition for which its upper bevel engages said-angular rear surface, thefengagement Ibetween the cam andV the-*cooperating end of -the corresponding hammer'constraining the latter 1to*V move` rearwardlyfthrough a certain length through the downwardly positioned cam upon opening of the gun and through a greater length through the upwardly positioned cam when the gun is being closed; a sear adapted to engage the hammer for holding it in its rearmost position produced by the cam during the closing of the gun; means for releasing said sear to cause operative movement of the hammer; two transmitting levers pivotally secured to the pivot in the block, the lower ends of which levers are controlled when the gun is open by the movements of the hammers, respectively, when returned in their forward positions by their springs. ejector mechanisms for the cartridges controlled by the upper ends of the transmission levers, respectively; and a cam rigid with the frame and adapted to urge the transmission levers when the gun is in its open position into positions so that they urge the ejecting mechanisms, respectively, slightly rearwardly.

4. In an upward tilting breech double barrelled gun, the combination of a centrally mortised frame; two hammers adapted to slide longitudinally in said central mortise; a barrel member mounted on a pivotal axis on the frame; a block movable withvthe barrelmember, pivoted on said axis. facing thehammers and provided-with a -central flat recess bounded by parallel side planes and a rear plane surface at an acute 'angle to the longitudinal axis of said block, saidvrecess opening towards the hammers; a pivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockably securedy to said pivot in front of each hammer and having a double-bevelled inner end, the tip of which cam :lies underneath the line connecting said pivotal axis ofthe barrel member with said pivot.; ytransmitting levers pivrotally secured to thepivot'in the block; ejector mechanisms for the cartridges each controlled by the upper end of said corresponding transmission lever; va cam rigid with the frame and adapted :to urge veach transmission lever whenthe gun is .in its'open position into a position for which it urges its ejectingmechanism slightly rearwardly; -a guiding rod rigid vwith each. hammer and adapted to engage its corresponding rocking cam and the lower end of its corresponding-transmission lever; a spring urging said rod into operative contact with said c am and the transmission l'ever and bearing against the frame, each rockable cam being adaptedr to be shifted through cooperation with the end of itsl corresponding hammer rod between a lower position for which it engages through its lower bevel the angular .rear surface of the recess and an upper position ,and the cooperating end of its corresponding hammer rod constraining the latter to move rearwardly through a certain extent ythrough the downwardly positioned cam upon opening of the gun and through a greater extent through the upwardly positioned cam when the gun is being closed the lever being shifted operatively by the vhammer rod when the latter is urged forwardly by its spring; a sear adapted to engage each hammer for holding it in its rearmost position produced by the cam during the closing of the gun; and means for releasing said sear to cause operative movement of the hammer.

5. In an upward tilting breech double barrelled gun, the combination of a centrally mortised frame, two hammers adapted to slide longitudinally in said central mortise; springs urging said hammers forwardly; a barrel member mounted 8 on a rpivotal axison the frame; a block movable with the'barrel member, pivoted on said axis, facing the hammers, having an abutment adapted to bear against the corresponding front edge of vthe vframe for limiting the rocking movement of theI barrel member, and provided with a central at recess bounded by parallel side planes -and agrear plane surface -at-an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of saidblock, said recess opening towards the hammers; a pivot inside said recess perpendicular to said parallel side planes; a cam rockably secured to said pivot in front of each hammer and having a double-bevelled inner end, the tip of which cam lies underneath the line connecting saidpivotal axis of the barrel member with said pivot, each cam being adapted to be shifted through cooperation with theend of itscorresponding hammer between a lower position for which it engages through its lower bevel the angular rear surface of the recess and an upper position for which its upper bevel engages said angular rear surface, the engagement between the cam and the cooperating end of its corresponding hammer constraining the latter to move rearwardly through a certain extent through the downwardly positioned rcam upon opening of the gun and through a greater` extent through the upwardly positioned cam when the gun is being closed; a sear adapted to engage each hammer for holding it in its rearmost position produced by the cam during the closing of the gun and means for releasing said sear t0 cause operative movement of the hammer.

MAEL PAULV.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 847,659 Elder Mar. 19, 1907 975,071.4 Ricketts Nov. 8, 1910 1,387,207 Stafford Aug. 9, 1921 2,158,149 PugsleyV May 16,1939

2,418,611 Young Apr. 8,'1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 836,859 France Oct. 25, 193.8