US2638694A - Lever operated gun with vertically slidable breech block - Google Patents

Description

W. B. MORRIS May 19, 1953 LEVER OPERATED GUN WITH VERTICALLY SLIDABLE BREECH BLOCK Filed May 15, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet l WM. 8. MORRIS INVENTOR ATTORNEY W. B. MORRIS May 19, 1953 LEVER OPERATED GUN WITH VERTICALLY SLIDABLE BREECH BLOCK Filed May 15, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 WM 8. MORRIS INVENTOR ATTORNEY LEVER OPERATED GUN WITH VERTICALLY SLIDABLE BREECH BLOCK Filed May 15, 1950 W- B. MORRIS May 19, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 WM. B. MORRIS INVENTOR MW ATTORNEY Patented May 19, 1953 Lgvsa OPERATED GUN vsmieswt SLIDABLE' BREEOR BLQGK' whims Mew ee was, a p ase WW1? seems sms fiflsims This inventien relates to firearms havin magazines for carrying cartridges, and hastenerene to rifles having levie'r operated cartridge loading, seeking and ease extracting mechas nisms. certain features ef the invention are net limited to lever operated rifles, butinay he used in various tyiies of rifles and guns.

Ah object of the inveh-tion'is' to rovide a lever operated rifle capable ef firing ammunition haw ing hig'l'ier pressures than present repeating lever rifles! i Another object of the inventisn is t0 provide a nine of the referred te-b'lass having a shatter over' all lerigthfwhereme barrel'and stock are efstandard lengths, tot more eonv enieht handli'ng. i

Another object of the inventien is t provide a hater operated rifle o gun canstpuetieh where by the aetien, articularly the seaward movement of the carrier, does nut intrie'ie with the preferred butt stock" eehst ru'etien and shape.

Another objeet and feature has to chi with imprdvements' iii a dropping (vertieal aetieg hreeeh'bloek mechanism; ass ne eessa rily limited to "lever operates rises, whereby high press re eamiclges may b fires with greatera'ceuragy, aim yet provide fer extraetien at the expanded cases. a i i A particular ehj est at the inventier i is $6 previde a novel tum'pelt eenstruetien and arrarigemeiit for eoact'ien hetwee i a stepping ufse'sh block and an operating lever whereby the ada-ntages of a lever dperated gun iii-i13 be used in aceumplishin the foregoing ubje-e'ts.

Another object oi'the invention is ts pr tivide adropping breech block which may be shatter than the length of the caiftridg fer Gat'tyifig' out the preceding object.

A further object hi the invention is to pr'civili'e a tumboltconstruetiun as reta ned ta and so scated as to sccsmmedate a ma azine in the gun frame.

A further object at the invention is to rimvide an ex ac adaptfid to support the mm 91 a.rimless," semis-rimmed, qr rimmed typ'le cartridge head, and which extractor is, 23st) supperted to resist the lateral. forces of the explosion within the Veartridge. The portionof the cartridge rirn not engaged by the extractor is alse' engaged and summarized hy the chamber at the barrel.

A fiutthfir Qhl'eetis ts pmvide a trigger" mechanism entimely carried by the lever and Whenetiy the neunting there'uf is less difficult and less expensive as eamp'areci with t gg mechanisms ntQW-tefii in; the: trams, at

A furthr Qhjsctctlf the inventiqn is td Drovid a safetstmeehanism in which the trigger sea: is moved toincrease. its surface area in contact with the gun seat: when the safety mechanism is on, as dominated with the contacting area b.63- twelen said sears when the gun is rlady to fire.

A stillfuntheii abject of the invention is t0 previde a safety mechanism and arrangement whereby the sun seat is lucked when the lever. is partially openefi or extended.

The invention will he mote readily undrstuugi by reference to the aecdmiianying drawings and fdllqwing desdriptiuix.

Figui ei 1' is a broken elevatimiand semifinal view at a' rifle autiun embodying. the features of this present invention.

Figure Z'is a; hfidlsen elevatien and sectional view (If the magazine of the rifle illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a transvetse sectional taken GI: line's fies-"3 (if Eiguf 2, but showing the breech block rammed.

Figure s is a hrdken perspective sit the" title iliustrated in-Eigui'e l, and showing the: action in its open position.

Figure 5. is a plan View? cifiths turning belt and breechhldela t Figure 6. is a sectienal view taken on lines of Figure 5.-

Figure l is a bxolsen elvatidn 0f the near; end 9f. the, breech bicik, viewes trlom the opposite side from that shown in Eigun I, and showing the relativepositinn at the hacking pieces when the. breech 101601; is in its luwermost positien.

Figure 8; is an enlazfg'ed perspective view of the cartridge catfish and shaming the same attached to the lever ariii, arid adciitionally shew-mg the barrelhI-'eah in broken section axis in its reistive pbsitidn with "respect to the iztraeteia Fsguse Q is a whiten: sersiseetiv'e'tiw of the forward end at the carrier arid showin its ehsagement with the him at the castings head;

. Figure 10 is a plan view of the ciftfidg 'afriei and shqvlii'ng the same ejecting a: fireiil d'ase.

Fi ure u is an and view 6f the Hamel useeh a s sl t therem ta aacammodate the extract-(ii.

Figure 12 is a" fndnt-ltiersfiectite view. of the b sech black and cmiti'idge carriem'. Figure 13 is a brekn scticmal view of the tri ger and saiety mechanism and showing their relation to-the sun seas I Figu e 161 is a seetimial View taken (in; lines its-1s o Figure 13. Else use: illustrated in memes 1 meludes bar- :61- Hi, strains n, was stasis l8; tiigethei with a receiver |9 mounted above said frame. The barrel I6 is threadedly engaged in the forward end of the receiver I9, and the stock |8 is secured to the rear end of the frame by means of a stock bolt 2|. The receiver i9 is secured to the frame I! by means of screws 22 in the manner illustrated in Figures 1 and 4. Within the rearwardly projecting tang 23 of the f rame ll there is a linking arm-2 having an elongated slot 25 in one end through which'a pin 26 passes, and which pin is secured to the sides of the frame IT. A

" between said spacer and the' end; of said slot; The end of the linking arm 24 opposite the pin 26 is slotted to receive a projection 29- integral with the operating lever 30. Pivotal connection between the linking arm 24 and the lever projection 29 is provided by means of a screw 3 I. The lever 30 extends downwardly and through an opening'32 in the lower portion-of the frame IT, and includes a handle 33 having a hand opening 34. Forwardly of the handle 33 there is a trigger uard 35, and the upper end of the lever30 is provided with an integral forwardly projecting lever arm 36. The forward end of the lever arm 36is received within a cavity 31 in a cartridge carrier 36 and is pivotally secured "thereto by means of a pin 39. The-sides of the carrier 38 are provided with longitudinal tongues 40 which slidably engage longitudinal grooves 4| in opposite sides of the receiver I9. As shown in Figure 8,'the tongues 40 are cut away intermediate. their ends so as to accommodate thelever arm attaching pin 33. As shown in Figure 1, the forward end of the'elever arm 36 is provided with a cam 42 for hearing against a thrust pin 43 slidably mounted and forwardly directed in front .of the carrier 38. As will become apparent, the action of the cam 42 on the'pin 43 has to do with initially dislodging the cartridge 44 from the cartridge chamber 45. The last described action is carried out by means of a claw type extractor 46, as shown in detail in Figures 1 and s. It will be noted that the inner surface 41 of the extractor '46, between the forward end of the carrier 38 and the inwardly projecting claw 48 bears against the rim 49 of the cartridge head 58. of the extractor 46 Bin sliding contact with the surface of a cavity 5| in the breech of the barrel ;|6. .As shown in Figures 8, 9. and 12, the extractor is arcuate as viewed from the forward end and comprises substantially 90 degrees. It will also be noted that the inner point of the claw 48 does-not necessarily contact the groove '52 of the cartridge head 56: The cartridge rim 49 is completely chambered and in'contact with the barrel chamber 45 except where it is in contact with the supported extractor 46; thus, the rim 49 is completely supported against the ex- The outer surface 1 i of the breech blockv 62.

panding pressures of theexplosion within the ures 4,5, and 6. The turn boltassembly 53 includes a tubular sleeve 54 including an enlarged forward end 55. Another or forward tubular sleeve 56 is slidably received within the enlarged end 55 of the first referred to sleeve, and

there'is a relatively strong compression spring 5! within said enlarged end for urging the first described sleeve 54 rearwardlyilongitudinal slot 58: in the :enlarged .sleeve' end 55, .acco ninm.

dates a lateral projection 59 integral with the last described sleeve 56, and which projection includes an extending arm 60 having a round hand bar 6| integral with its outer end. It will be noted that the last described bar 8| is parallel with the sleeve 56, and that the said sleeve and arm 60 comprise means for raising and lowering a substantially vertically operating breech block 62, 'to'be described. Asshown inFigure 6, the slot 58 is wider than the projection 59 is thick, and whereby a delayed operating action is accomplished when raising and lowering the breech block 62. The sleeves 54 and 56 are pivotally mounted on a pin 63 supported in opposing 15' transverse walls 64 of the frame I1. Near the rearward end of the rearward sleeve 54 there is a-laterally projecting lug 65 adapted to engage an opening 66 in the lever 3|). During operation of the lever 38, it is apparent that the opening 66 will completely disengage the projection 65, but by reason of the spring 51 and the frictional engagement of the ends of the sleeves 54 and 56 on the frame walls. the projection 65 will remain'in position for re-engaging the opening 66. 'The surface of the lever 30 opposite the projection 65 is relieved, as at 61, to accommodate the referred to re-engagement;

The .breech block 62 includes a rectangular body 68 having a vertical recess 69 in its lower surface arranged to accommodate the arm 68 of the hand assembly. Opposing recesses 10, formed in the sides of the first recess 69, slidably and rotatably receive the lifting bar 8| for raising and lowering the breech block 62. The forward end ofthe breech block 62 has substantially vertical projections 1| on each side which slidably operate in corresponding grooves 12 in the forward end of the receiver l9. The breech block body 68 is longitudinally drilled and reamed to accommodate a striker 13 which includes a secured flange 14 near its forward end, and a pin 15 integral with said striker normally projects outis provided with a drilled closure 16 which slidably accommodates the striker 13. A main spring 11 is coiled about the striker 13, bears against the striker flange l4. and against the closure 16, which is secured in place. -A cocking piece 18 is secured to the rearward end of the striker l3 and projects downwardly where it is provided with a guide 19 which is slidably received within the rearward end A lateral projection integral with the upper end of the cocking piece 18 is arranged to engage the rear surface of an arcuate flange 8| integral with the enlarged portion 55 of the turn bolt sleeve 54. When the turn bolt projection 65 is raised, a cam 82 on the surface of the sleeve 54 contacts a projection 83 integral with the receiver l9, and compresses the turn bolt spring 51 and moves the flange 8| forwardly.

"Referring now to Figures 1, 4 and '7, there is an L-shaped gun sear 84 pivotally mounted on avertical bracket 65 supported bythe frame IT. The forward leg 86 of the sear 84 is provided with a laterally projecting lug 81 arranged for coaction with an opposingly arranged lug 88 integral with the lower end of the cooking piece 18. The upper and lower'edges of both lug 87 and 88 are beveled in opposite directions, and as will become apparent, and have to do with quickly releasing the cooking piece 18. A pin 89 mounted on the bracket limits the forward movement of the lower leg 90 of the-gun sear 84. A hairpin the turn bolt projection 65, but the latter is maintained in its downwardly position by reason of the frictional engagement of the-ends of the turnlbolt sleeves 54 and 56 against the frame walls 64. As the lever 30 is closed, the. slot 68 re-engages the turn bolt projection 65. and causes the hand rod 6| to raise the breech block 62. At this time the opposing beveled surfaces on the lugs 88 and 81 of the cocking piece 18 and gun sear 84, respectively, engage each other and additionally move said cocking piece rearwardly. At this time the trigger sear 93 engages the depending-leg 90 of the gun sear 84. Just before the lever 30 is completely closed, the sleeve projection 82 engages the cam 83, causing the turn bolt flange ill to move forwardly. When the lever 30 is completely closed the triangular lug 94 on the said lever is positioned to clear the projection 91 onthe gun sear leg 90. The action is now cocked and ready to fire.

If desired, the safety lever ll may be pivoted rearwardly causing its upper projection I to engage the projection I06 on the trigger 92. The last described operation not onlylocks the trigger mechanism but has the additional effect of raising the trigger sear 93 whereby the area of its end surface is increased where it contacts the surface of the gun sear leg 90. To release the safety mechanism the safety lever MI is moved forwardly and the action of the spring I010; beneath the trigger sear 93 moves the latter downwardly although it remains in contact with the sear leg 90 until the trigger 92 is manually operated.

As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 12, an ejection port cover may be provided in the form of an elongated plate H8 which is substantially in the form of an inverted U in its rearward cross section and having a forwardly directed side whereby the same may be attached, such as by screws H9 to oneside of the breech block body 68. Asthe breech block is lowered and raised the ejection port is opened and closed. It is to be understood that the plate H8 is shaped to avoid contact with the described parts contained within the receiver l9.

The presentinvention is not limited to the specific constru'ction herein shown and described, but may be made in many ways within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

'1. In a'gun action including a'breechblock near the barrel breech; a rotatable turn bolt parallel withand disposed laterally in spaced relationship from the axis of said barrel breech, and at least one projection on said turn bolt arranged for coaetion with said breech block.

2. In a gun action including adroppin breech block adjacent the barrel breech, a rotatable turn bolt parallel with and disposed laterally in spaced relationship fromthe axis of said barrel breech,

block adjacent the barrel breech, and including a spring loaded firing pin normally projecting forwardly from said breech block, a rotatable turn bolt parallel with and disposed laterally in spaced relationship from the axis of said barrel breech, a projection on said turn bolt connected with said breech block and constructed and arranged for raising and lowering the latter, and cam means carried by said turn bolt for retracting said firing pin.

5; In an extractor for removing a fired case from a barrel chamber, a shank having a claw integral with its forward end and arranged to engage the rim of said case to be extracted, the inner surface of said shank being in contact with the rim of the fired case and means supporting the outer surface of said shank being in contact with the rim of the fired case and means supporting the outer surface of said shank.

6'. In a gun action, a dropping breech block adjacent the barrel breech, a turn bolt parallel with and disposed laterally in spaced relationship from the axis of said barrel breech, a projection extending from said turn bolt and arranged for connection with said breech block for raising and lowering the latter, a second projection extending from said turn bolt, a lever mounted in said gun action, and including an opening therein arranged for engaging the last said projection.

7. In a gun action, the combination of a breech block adapted to close the barrel breech, a rotatable turn bolt parallel with and disposed laterally in spaced relationship from the axis of said barrel breech, and a projection on said turn bolt constructed and arranged for locking said breech block in its described position relative to said barrel breech.

8. In a gun action, the combination of a dropping breech block including a firing pin, striker and cocking piece assembly and having means in the forward end thereof for locking the same adjacent a barrel breech, a rotatable turn bolt parallel with the axis of said barrel breech and disposed laterally in spaced relationship from said axis and from said breech block, a lever mounted in said gun action, means carried by said turn bolt and engaging said breech block for raising and lowering the latter on rotation of said turn bolt, means carried by said turn bolt cooperating with the cocking piece of said assembly for retracting said firing pin on rotation of said'turn bolt, and means carried by said turn bolt adapted to engage said lever for rotation of said turn bolt responsive to the action of said lever.

WILLIAM B. MORRIS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 229,035 Finch June 22, 1880 557,358 Burgess Mar. 31, 1896 2,098,562 Browning Nov. 9, 1937 2,386,543 Collins Oct. 9, 1945 2,451,003 Syrjala Oct. 12, 1948 2,462,889 Neidhardt Mar. 1, 1949 2,465,553 Robinson Mar. 29, 1949 2,474,180 Browning June 21, 1949 2,484,694 Dicke Oct. 11, 1949 2,505,760 Garand May 2, 1950 2,539,554 Sampson et al. Jan. 30, 1951

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