US557358A - Magazine-firearm - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. BURGBSS.

(No Model.)

REARM.l

MAGAZINE FI No. 557,358. Patented Mar'. .81, 1896.

. 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

A BURGESS MAGAZXNB FIRBARM.

Snom/hoz Witnesses tral section of same.

UNITED STATES ANDREV BURGESS, OF

BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

MAeAzlNE-FIREARM.

srncIrIoATIoN forming part of Letters Patent-No. 557,358, dated March 31, 1896.

Applicant stammt 3,1892.

sain No. 423,599.4 on man.)

Guns, of which the following is a specificaa magazine-gun in which the cartridges may be arrangedin a volute or spiral direction; also, t place the spring-follower under control of the operator, so that the spring may be operative or not, as is found desirable'.

also, to place thebreech-locking mechanism of the gununder control of some part1 actuated by the shock of firing; also, to improve a magaaine-gun. in various particulars.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the magazine and adjacent parts of myA improved magazinegun. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cen- Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the magazine. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the bolt and adjacetplarts.

'Fig.. 5 is a section of the bolt on line` .0cx cc'.

Fig. G is a section on line-y y; Fig. 7; a section on line f: z. The tiring-pin is not shown in Figs. 5, G, vand 7.) Fig. 8 is a rear view of magazine, showing mechanism for winding magazine-spring by th'e opening 'f cover. Fig. 9 is a cross-section showing a modification of magazine-follower. Fig. 10 is a detail showing telescopic follower.

The numeral 1 indicates the gun-barrel, and 2 the fore stock.

' 3 denotes the frame, and 4 the rear stock or butt-stock. The frame 3 is of such' construction that the bolt 10 has a longitudinal guideway therein. The bolt is reciprocated by means of a handle or .sleeve 9,.which reciprocates longitudinally on the small of the stock to open and close the breech. A crosspin 11 connects the sleeve 9 to a draw-bar 12, which bar is connected to the bolt by a pin 13, which pin is rigidly connected to the draw-bar 12, but moves in a longitudinal slot 14 is pivoted in the bolt, as by pin 15, and the rear end of said brace bears against an abutment, as 16, on the frame toholdthe bolt locked. The locking-brace 14, or a web or flange 18 thereon, has-a curved or inclined v slots 19, through which pin 13 extends.-

Assuming the breech is in closed/position, the backward movement of the handle 9 draws the piu 13 backward in the slot 19, and, by reason of the inclination of said slot, lifts the rear end of thel locking-brace clear of the abutment. The yfurther backward mov-ementof the bar 12 and its pin draws the lockingbrace backward', and the brace draws the breech -bolt along with it. The backward movement 'of the bar `121also moves back the firing-pin 20, as will be described. A reverse movement of the handle 9 of course closes the breech, the hammer or firing-pin being held back by the sear 2 l, as usual. handle 9 is forward, it is held so bya pawl 25, (pivoted on the pin 11,) engaging a shoulder 26 in the frame. ln the modification shown in Fig. 4 a tumbler 30 is pivoted in the frame just in the rear of the locked position of the bolt. The front end of the tumbler 30 is in- Whenthe clined, and in the position shown in Fig. 4.-

this inclined end is pressed against the rear roller o'r projection 34 of the tumbler. YVhen the shock of tiring takes place, the blow, operating on the front end oi"` the tumbler 30, throwsthis end down. As soon as the roller' 34 has passed beyond a radial line from the pivot 35 the spring 33 will operate to throw up the rear end of the tumbler 30 against thc lower end of the pawl 25, thereby raising said pawl out of engagement and unlocking the handle. The tumbler, held upbyits spring, holds the pawl out of engagement, so that thc `handle'may be moved back.

In closing the breech the sleeve or handle 9 engages the rear end of the tumbler 30 to throw it down past its center, when the spring 33 will throw the front end up against the bolt, as before.

In Fig. 2 a sliding piece 40 is shown as a substitute for the tumbler 30 described. The front end of this piece is held against the locking-brace by a spring 41,and the rear end is in front of the engaging end of thc pawl 25. In this construction the shock produced by firing is communicated through the lockingbrace 14 'to the piece 40,' and this piece is thrown violently back, lifting the pawl 25.

roo

If now the handle be'. not immediately drawnback on firingv by theshock from a locked breech-piece. This is due probably to ythe elasticityor to the vibration of the rnetalf I havedesignated the parts 30 and 40 the one as a g"tu1nbler, the 'other as a piece, for-lack of a better name. the part lso called is simplyan intermediate or actuator,-and thatit may be greatly varied in construction-. i

I'desire to particularly distinguish the present construction, in which the'unlocking is efectedby an impulse through the breech or other piece while in its locked position, from other constructions wherein the impulse is given by some part'which is held normally forward of the locked position and retires to that position under. the shock of firing.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2 the pin 13 bears against a shoulder a on the iiringpin 2O and moves said pin back with' the rst backward movement of the handle while unlocking the brace l4.A As the final backward movement .of ther'pin 20, when the spring b is nearly compressed, requires considerable pressure, I arrange to relieve this pressure,

which is augmented by the force required tov unlock the brace.

pin at one side of the rear end. A two-armed lever 46 is fulcrumed in the bolt near its rea-r the projection 45, and as the lower arm ofthe lever rides up the incline tothe rear it thereby 'turns said lever so that the upper arm will give a backward pressure to the pin 45 and firing-pin and move back notch c in` the pin to pass over the end of the seard, which scar is hung in the bolt and is engaged by the iring-pin and by connection from the trigger e in the usual manner. i

The f-magazine is of a character to contain thc cartridges side by side, and has a springfollower to press the cartridge toward the receiver. By preference the magazine is a vol lute spiral', as shown in Fig. 3. The outer Wall 5 0 of the magazine is just far enough from the inner wall 5l to contain the cartridges side by side without permitting them to pass each' other. The walls of the maga- It is apparent that Apin 45 is shown projecting from the firingzine are curved, preferably in a volutes'piral,

so that thev column of cartridges lies nearly I in a scroll form. The inner Wall 5l of the magazine is cut away, leaving a passage 52,-through which'the stern of the follower may project.

It is not l'very material at which side of the Y bolt', the magazine o pens into the receiver, but in the illustrations this opening is on the righthand side of the gun. l i.

A cover-53 is shown at the mouth of the magazine, which cover 'is held closed by the spring 54, said cover when closed serving to guide the cartridges from the magazine in-to the receiver. The cover 53 may be swung back, as shown in Fig. 9, when cartridges may be fed into the magazine from a suitable feedcase, as indicated at F.

The voluto magazinfemay. taper from rear to front when cartridges with flanges are used. Through or near thelougitudinal center of the volute magazine a shaft '55 passes.l This shaft has suitable bearings" in the front wall 56 and the rear wall 57..of the`magazine`. A spiral spring 58v has one end connected to the QOH shaft 55, or to a collar 59 rigid with said shaft,

and the other end of the spring is` fixed to the frame. A milled headGO is rmlyattached 'to the shaft 55, and by turning said head the shaft may be turned and the spring placed under tension.

The shaft 55 has teeth or notches 61into Ico.

which a pawl 62 may engage.' The Weak spring 63 throws this pawl normally out of n engagement withthe teeth or notches 61, but when the pawl is pressed into engagement with the teeth'or notches 61 it Wil-l vhold'the shaft 55 against rotation. When it is desired ,to release the shaft 55, so that it may be -under control of the spring 58, the' pawl- 62 is thrownfout of engagement with the teeth or notches, as ley-pressure on the lower end'of said pawl, and the spring 63 will hold it out of engagement. Y

VThe shaft 55 has 'at its rear end a ratchetwheel 70. A lever 71, pivoted to the rear wall of the magazine, is held up by the spring 72. A rack-bar 73 is pivoted to the lev'er 71 and held against the ratchet-wheel 70 by a spring 74, connected to the lever 71. The teeth ofthe rack-bar 7 3 and wheel 70 are-so beveled rearward,as shown, that the bar 73 slides: over the teeth of the wheel in .moving-back 'Without' turning said-wheel 70, the elasticity ofthe spring 74 allowing the rack-bar to yield 'for this purpose.

A thumb-piece 7 5on the lever 7l enablesl thc shaft may be rotated and its s'prin g placed under tension by manipulating the wheel-60,

or by .operating thelever 7l. The spring 58 may also be placed under .tension by pressing cartridges into the mouth o f the magr.-

zine against the pressure of the follower.

The shaft 55 hasa rigid arm 76 extending therefrom. A pusher-bar 77 is pivoted to this arm, and by preference a push-plate 78 is loosely pivoted to,this pusher-bar, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) so that the' plate is free to lrock, on its pivot 7 9 and maintain a position parallel with the cartridge against which it bears. r

The arm' 76 and bar 77 form an extensionlever with an elbow-joint. The outer end of this lever and the plate 7 8 will travel in the Vvolute magazine, the plate 7S following 'the' spira'las it turns out or in. A

To load the magazine in the easiestiway, the follower-plate 78 is moved to the position'shown in Fig. 3, (by turning the button` 60, or by operating the lever 71,) and the shaft then fastened by the pawl 62. Cartridges may then be pressed into the mouth of the magazine, either singly or in column.-

'time over the top cartridge inthe magazine.

IVhen the detent G2 is released, the spring 5S tends to rotate shaft 55 and presses the upper cartridge or the edge thereof into the receiver whenever the bolt 10 is drawn back far enough to permit this cartridge to enter the'receiver.v The first cartridge is prevented from passing right through the receiver by the walls thereof, asis usual in magazineguns. The extractor and ejector may be of any usual construction.

The follower-plate 7 8 will move along in the volute passage, -approaching toward or receding from the shaft 55, according to the position of the cartridges in the magazine. 'lhe teeth or notches 6l may be numberedv or the button may have an index, showmg by its position the number of cartridges in the magazine, and in moving back the follower the pawl 62 may be made to stop the shaft 55 in any desirable position, so that the magazine may receive any desirable nu ber of cartridges less than afull magazine c arge.

In Fig. 9 the sslaft 55,x is shown 'at one side of the magazine, and the magazine is stopped short of a complete turn. In- .such case the shaft 55x (which is turned bya spring, as has been described for the shaft 55) may press forward the cartridges by an arm 7 6, which follows the cartridges. T he cgntinuation or outer end of said. arm maypass through a slot or groove in the outer as well as the in` ner wall of the magazine.

In Fig. l0 the shaft..55Y, rotatively moved by a spring, has an arm 765 withpa socket, into which the arm 77V extends, and from which said arm is projected by a spring s in the socket. The telescopic arm thus con- 'structed is lself-.adjusting as'to radiallength,

like the arm or follower-lever of Fig. 3.

The extension 71 of the lever- 75 may beI integral therewith' and .from the loading-gate, as in Fig. Land in such case Will'ride back under the spring 54 when the gate is opened.

As will readily appear to the ingenious mechanic, modified connections may be made from thev loading-gateA t0 Ithe follower-shaft,

whereby the spring on the latter may be wound up by opening theloading-gate.

I deem it of advantage to have the lfollower-v 'shaft wind by direct finger engagement, as by the milled head 60, and by lever actlon, as the spring may be partly wound by hand,

and when partly under tension the lever may be used; but of course either device fer winding the spring maybe used without the other.

Numerous changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention as claimed.

What I 4claim is- 1. In )a firearm, the reciprocating breechpiece, the -handle connected thereto and serving to open and close the same, a handlelocking catch, and a tumbler actuated b'y the shock of recoil through the breech piece (without movement of said breech-piece) to unlock the handle-catch, substantially as described. y

2. In a breech-loading firearm, the breechbolt and means for locking it, the operatinghandle connected to said bolt andI having la retaining-catch, and a piece '-i contact with ythe rigidly-locked bolt and directly actuated through the bolt to `unlock said retainingcatch Aby the shock of tiring, all combined substantially as described.

3. In abreech-loading gun, the breech-bolt,

vthe handle connected thereto, a pawl engaging said handle to lock the same in-closed position, and a' tumbler bearing against some part 'of the bolt when said part is against its abutmentl and movable by the shock of recoil to disengage the pawl and unlock th'e handle, in combination substantially as described.

4. In a bolt-gun, the bolt, the two-armed lever pivoted therein, the firing-pin having longitudinal movement in the bolt and lhaving a projection in position to ride over to be engaged by one of the lever-arms as described, and the incline in the frame with which the other arm ofthe lever engages, all combined substantially as describedI 5. In a breech-loading gun, the breech-bolt and firing-pin, a handle operating said bolt and having -connection to the iiring-pin by which the same is partially retracted, and a two-armed lever pivoted in the bolt and en- 'gagingthe firing-pin and anpincline on the magazine and an vextensible follower *con-` IOO IIO

neotedto said shaft, and the pusher-bar conl stituting the face of the follower Apivoted to said arm, substantially as described.

7. In a magazine-gun, the cui-yed magazine,

the shaft, extending lengthwise of the maga' zine and having a follower .extending'into the magazine, and a, linger-piece extending outsidethe fame, and having operative engagev substantially as desoibed.

8. vIn a magazine-gnu, the curved magazine v NVitnesses and follower-shaft in the 'direction of the length thereof, the coil-spring on said shaft i 5 and means for Winding the same, a series of notches'.- in the shaft and a. retaining-pand in poation to engage said notches, all incombinatiou.

In testimony whereof l affix my signature zo in presence of twogwitnesses.

ANDREW BURGESS.

JOSEPH ROY, W. A. BARTLETT.

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