US366562A - Andbew burgess - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT s OFFICE.

ANDREV BURGESS, OF OVVEGO, NFV YORK.

MAGAZINE Fl RE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,562, dated July l2, 1867, Application filed J'uly 18,1885. Serial No. 171,940. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known lthat I, ANDREW BUnGEss, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Owego, inthe county of Tioga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine Fire-Arms, of' which the following. .is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to magazine firearms, and has for its object ease, rapidity, and certaint-yofaetion; and it' consists of various new and modified devices and improvements,here inaftcr more fully set f'orth and described.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional eleva` tion of this arm with breech closed. Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal vertical section, the broken end of stock being in perspective and some parts in elevation. Fig. 3 shows a side 'section of the frame, with the bolt in section and the parts in an open position. Fig. 4 is a cross section on line xx of Fig. l; Fie'. 5, a crosssection on line yy of Fig. 3. Fig. Gis a plan section through the forward part of the bolt, brace, and slide. Fig. 7 is a side section of the slide and brace. Fig. 8 is aview ofthe front end of slide. Fig. 9 shows a modifica` tion of the trigger and scar. Fig. 10 is a detached side and plan View ofthe cooking dog.

A is the frame; ac and ac', ledges therein; B, the bolt; B', the brace; b, b', and bdepres sions on the inside of the frame; C, the car rier; G', a lever attached, to the carrier; c, a projection at the top of the carrier, and c a spring to raise the carrier; D, the cooking dog; d, the notch for its engagement in the hammer; E E,the extractors; ce, the extractor grip-screws; F, the ring'pin; F', the fly or cam in the brace; f, the half-cooking fiy; f', the projection in the bolt for full-cooking the hammer;f, an arm on the firing-pin orslidel piece for connecting the sliding handle to the breech mechanism. G is the sliding guard; G', the operatingrod. H is the hammer; 71 the scar; T, the trigger; t, its engaging-piece; t', its pawl; t, the pawlstop, and t its hook. S is a sliding-piece to turn the brace; s, the pin which connects the sliding-piece orfiringpin to the brace, and s' a spring between the brace and firing-pin; R,the loading-trap, and w a wedge to start back the iiringpin. This arm is provided with a bolt which reciprocates in the top part of the frame and locks by a block or brace, B, which turns upward to engage forward of a locking-shoulder, A', in the top ofthe frame.

The lockingblock has a fly or cam,F, which projects from its rear face and engages the locking-shoulder A rearward of the brace as said brace is turned up to lock the breech, and thereby forces the brace and bolt forward, so that the rear or locking face of the brace remains forward of its locking-shoulder; but the rear of the fly has then raised so high ou the locking-shoulder and above its axis, as shown in Fig. 1, that it will not resist a backward or downward movement of the brace,as the fly is free to turn back and upward by any force which recoils the bolt; but the recoil of the bolt is limited to the space between the lockiugshoulder and brace obtained by the fly or cam, as aforesaid, and said space may be greater or less, as required.

A cam, oblique slide, or spring may be used as an equivalent ofthe fly here shown and located in the locking shoulder or bearing in the frame; or any other known locking device may be used by mere mechanical change in construction. The brace is held in its locked position by elasticforce of the spring s',which is seated on the firingpin, and bears upward against it; or the dyspring, as shown iu Fig. l, may be made strong enough for the purpose. y

A cooking-dog, D, is hung in the bolt by a projection, as d,whieh passes through the side of the bolt, Figs. l and 10, or a pivot, as in Fig. 2, and has an arm' which projects downl ward to engage the hammer, as by its projection d, Fig. l. The cooking-dog is turned into engagement with' the hammer when thebreeeh is being closed by the movement of the firingpin over it, as in Fig. l, or any of the parts as they move to close or lock the breech; or a spring may be used for that purpose, as in Fig. 3, and the dog is released from the hammer by the breech mechanism in unlocking the breech, as by the unlocking-brace, when constructed as in Figs. 2 or 10, or by the rearward movement of the firing pin, in Fig. 3. g

When the gun is fired in the position shown in Fig. l, the discharge forces the bolt, brace,

and cocking-dog to lrecoil* violently in the frame until the rear ofthe brace strikes the recoil-shoulder A', which stops and holds ythem in alocked position; but the cockingdog in its recoil drives baekthe hammer to cock it byv its engagement therewith, substantially as aforesaid, so that the breech is free to be unlocked and opened without obstruction from the hammer or mainspring, and when the bolt is moved forward to close the breech the dog D is again turned down forward` of the path of movement of the otherwise, and when the bolt is in its forward y with.

`shoulder d of the hammer as the fly F forces the bolt to-its extreme forward position.

A pin, s, is guided to a short longitudinal movement in the bolt, and enters anoblique slot of the locking-brace, so that the backward movement ofthe pin s, bearing down in said slot, forcesthe rear of the brace inward toward the axis of the bolt and below the shoulder A to unlock it, when the bolt is free to be moved back and forward by said pin or position the pin moves forward in the bolt and braceto bear up the brace by engaging the upper wall of its slot to lock the bolt. I move the pin s, as described, by fixing it in the firing-pin, or a sliding piece, as S, and extend an arm, f downward, to be engaged by an operating-rod, as G,which is reciprocated in the frame by a handle connected therelt is apparent that the construction may be either in the position shown in full or cin dotted lines, Fig. 1. I elongate the slot in the brace and bolt forward of the pin s, as seen in dotted line', Fig. 1, to allow the bolt to recoil over it, so as notv to mov'e the slide or arm ff or operating-rod.

I here show the operating rod attached to-a sliding guard or a sleeveon the small of the stockybut it may be moved to operate the breech in asimilar manner by connecting it to a sliding handle of any usual construction.

As the breech may be opened without discharging the gun or using the dog D, I hanga fly, f, in the rear of the bolt, (I here show it pivoted to the ringpim) which turns back the hammer by bearing against its face by the rstbackward movement of the bolt in opening the breech to turn the hammer-face back.

and down to the levelof the line o, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,where thehammer is held by the sear at half-cock, so the-solid rearward part of the bolt and the firing-pin may travel over the top of the hammer until the do'wnward projection f in the bolt engages the hammer to move it again backward to full-cock, as shown in Fig. 3. By this construction the force to cock the hammer is only used in the first and last parts of the backward movement of the bolt.

rIhe extractors E E are arranged on eac side of the bolt to turn in to grasp and withdraw the shells. It will be seen thatn I place them a little belowA the axis of the barrel, so they may grasp the shell only from about its necks of the extractors are underscored, as

shown in'cross section, Figs. 4 and 5, to receive the flange of the feeding cartridge as it is raised by the carrier, as shown in broken lines,Fig. 5, and the grip-screws or otherrigid stops to prevent the spread of the extractors at their extreme rearward movement hold the flange ofsaid feeding cartridges rigidly against the face of the bolt, so its flange can rise no farther, and the hooked part of the extractors holding the rear of cartridge-head flush against the face of the bolt the forward end can not fly up. eject the shells and feed the cartridge from the magazine by opening the breech no farther ythan the distance of the length of the cartridge. One extractor alone may be thus used and produce the same result.

The carrier is pivoted in the rear partei the frame to raise the cartridge on its front part from the magazine to the barrel', and has a spring-ejector, c, pivoted in the carrier to spring forward when no cartridge is on the carrier, but easily pressed back by force of the magazine-spring when a cartridge is thrust against it, so that it remains in its forward position onlywhen the carrier rises empty, in which case it inclines forward through a slot in the face of' the bolt as the carrier rises to strike the Bange of the extracted shell an'dexpel it upward; but when the carrier raises a cartridge said cartridge strikes the shell to expel it, as shownin broken lines in Fig. 3. A lever,0', is pivoted in the frame near the pivot of the carrier, and the carrier has a projection more remotely from its pivot to enter a slot of said lever for engagement therewith, so that the long forward arm of the lever is carried thereby above the floorof the carrier,as shown in broken lines in Fig. 3, to raise the head of the cartridge and thereby present said cartridge more nearly in alignment with the bore of the gun.

The lever C may be hung in the carrier and strikes it at a point above its pivot to assure l its rising at the proper time, and it is lowered by the bolt closing against its top or its stud c.

rIhe mortise in the bottom of the frame is narrower than the diameter of the cartridgefiange, but wide enough to admits its body, and a depression, b, is made to extend back in the frame from the mouth of the magazine M thelength of a cartridge, andapassage, b', eX- tends upward from said depression, so the fiange may rise therein when raised by the carrier; ybut it will bethen stopped by the extractors, as shown in Fig. 3, and which there grasp it rigidly, as before explained; but as the bolt starts forward the extractors leave the *rigid grip and can spread outward, so that as By this construction I am enabled to IIO IIS

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the cartridge starts forward by being driven by the bolt the flange is forced up the incline ou the rear of ledges a a, to spread the extractors and enter between them, so as to align with and enter the barrel.

When extractors are constructed with necks scored out inside, as shown, the extracting shell-head might escape upward before reaching its passage b2,- but I narrow the top opening in the frame by the projections ac, or leave it the width ofthe mortise in the frame, as before explained, so the flange can only rise when it reaches the passage b2, when the shell is thrown out'sidewise, as set forth.

When this arm is cocked by the recoil of the bolt, it is not necessary, when heavy charges are used, that the bolt or its cocking-dog D should travel the whole distance to be made by the abutmenttl of the hammer, as the quick impulse given by the shock of the discharge imparts a momentum to the hammer which carries it back beyond the limit of movement of the dog, where its force will be stopped by its back part striking the mainspring, asindicated in Fig. 3, which then serves as an elastic buffer, or a special buffer may be arranged to receive it. A special construction of trigger or Sear is preferable in this antomatic cooking of the hammer, as the ordinary triggerand sear would not be released in time to catch the hammer to hold it cocked when thrown back, as described, but I pivot an auxiliary seal, t, on the trigger T, or in the guardstrap, and a pawl or spring-catch, as t', is arranged in the trigger to engage and hold the scar-piece t rigid with the trigger while the trigger is being mer to tire the gun; but the scar-piece is then released to swing down in the trigger when the pawl t reaches the set-screw t2, to be turned and released from engagement with the searpicce t by sct-screw t, or other abutment in the guard, so that it no longcrbears with sufficient force to contract the scar-spring, and the sear will spring into its notch in the hammer when thrown back, as above, although the trigger is still pulled back to its rearmost limit.

In Fig. 9 tlic rear extension of the sear serves also as the scar-piece i, by being pivoted in the trigger with its spring therein, and having a notch in its rear for the engagement of the pawl t.

The parts are here shown as when the gun has been pulled of and force is still applied to the trigger, thereby releasing the pawl andleaving the searin position to spring into the notch ofthe hammer when it shall be cocked.

In the construction as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the scar-piece is free to turn upward when the pressure on the trigger is removed and the inner upward surface of the pawl is made cccentric with its pivot, so as to cam the searpiece back to the pulling position, when the pawl springs into its notch, as in Figs. 1 and 9 r1he trigger has also a hook, t3, Figs. 1

pulled to release the hainl and 2, to engage a shoulder, as c2, in the frame, to lock the guard forward; but pulling the trigger turns down the hook to unlock it.

I show, but omitted to claim, the above construction of trigger and sear in my application Serial No. 168,819, completed June 15, 1885. Ialso claim in said application, broadly, the cocking of the hammer by the limited recoil of the bolt, to whichl I herein make claim, but limited to the construction here described.

In Figs. 1 and 2 Iwshow a wedge, w, arranged in a vertical path in the bolt,which has an inclined rear surface to bear against an inclined abutment in the tiring-pin when the firing-pin Vis in its foremost position, and the wedge w has an arm projecting in the path of movement of the locking-brace, to be thereby engaged and pressed down to wedge the firing-pin backward in the bolt.

In the modifications shown in Fig. 2 a bellcrank lever, K, is pivoted in the bolt, and has a downward-projecting arm connected with the operatinghandle to turn said lever on its pivotand operate the brace by its horizontal arm which engages the brace, and said arm engages a iixed projection, as It. in the frame in turning to unlock the breech to cam back the bolt. This bell-crank lever in its locking combinations I do not claim in this application, the same forming part of my application Serial No. 173,569, of August 4L, 1885.

`The cockingdog has a projecting arm, d", forward of its pivot, to be engaged by the brace to operate as a lever to throw the dog into and.

out of engagement with the hammer in its movement oflocking and unlocking the breech.

In Fig. 2 a pin or screw, P, is s hown,which connects the rear of the operating-rod to the sliding handle G2 on the small of the stock. This serves to support the sides of the slide G2 against each other, (by the pin,) so it may be made less rigid, or serve in place of the solid part over the top ofthe small of the stock to strengthen the sliding shield andi keep it from bearing with too much friction on the stock. This pin passes through a slot, P', in the small of the stock.

I claim- 1. In a breeclrloading tirmarln, a. breechpiecc, a brace to lock said breech-piece, a bearing in the top of the frame against which the brace locks the breechpiece, and a ily hung vto project between said bearing and brace and acting as a rigid cam in the locking movement, all in combination, to force the breech-piece forward of its locking position, substantially as specified.

2. In a breech loading firearm, a recipro- -cating bolt and means, substantially as dc scribed, to force said bolt forward of its locking position in the frame, whereby the lockingpiecc and its bearing are separated, in combination with a dog or connection which is hung independently of the locking mechanism in the rearward part of the bolt and operates to cock the hammer by the react-ion of the parts in discharging the gun,

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3. In a breech-loading tire-arm, a reciproeating bolt and means, substantially as described, to force said bolt forward of its locking position, in combination with a cockingvlever hung in the bolt independently of the locking-piece, and having an arm which extends into the line of movement of the lockinglpi'ece for engagement thereby, so that in the locking to project between said bearing and'brace, all

in combination, to force the breech-piece forward of itslocking position, and a eoekingdog or lever which is thrown into connection With the hammer by the movable mechanism of the breech in closing, substantially as specified.

'5. In a breech-loading lire-arm, a reciprocating bolt, a braceswinging upward to lock said bolt against a shoulder in the top of the frame, in combination with an arm which extendsdownward from a sliding piece in the bolt, said piece having oblique or wedgin'g engagement with a .bearing in the frame, said arm to be engaged by a reciprocating operating-piece below the bolt, and a handle to operate the bolt and brace, substantially as described.

6. In a breech-loading lirearm,'a reciproeating bolt, a brace swinging upward to lock said bolt against a'shoulder in the top of the frame, in combination with an arm which is attached to a slide carrying a pin in the bolt gto vibrate the locking-brace, and which extends downward to be engaged by a reciprocating operating-piece below the bolt, and a handle to operate the bolt and brace, suhstantially a's described.

7. In a breech-loading fire-arm having a hammer pivoted below the bolt, areciprocating bolt having an abutment at its upper rear end to start back the hammer to half-cock, snbstantiall y as described, in combination with alower forward abutment, asf', in the b'olt to carry the hammer from half to full cock bythe last part 0f the rearward movement of the bolt. l

g 8. In a breech-loading tire-arm, a reciproeating bolt, a brace pivoted to said bolt to swing outward from the aX-is of the bolt to lock the breech against a shoulder in the frame, an operating-rod which reciprocates in the frame to move said brace, 'and a fly arranged in the rear end of the bolt to bear the hammer back and downward below the line of movement of the parts near the rear of the bolt other than the ily aforesaid, and a sear to hold the hammer in said downward position, so'it shall remain out of contact with the bolt or its parts immediately after the fly shall leave it in the movement of the bolt, all in combination, substantially as specified.

9. In a magazine bolt-.gama magazine which feeds the cartridge rearwardly into the receiver, a guideway upward in the receiver to embrace the flange of the cartridge and direct it upward against the face of the bolt, a hook on the bolt extending into the passageway-of the flange of thel cartridge to'stop the rising cartridge when the bolt is in its rearmost position, and a carrier operating to raise the cartridge, all combined and relatively arranged substantially as described'.

10. Ina magazine-gun, a magazine which feeds the cartridgesrearward into the frame, and aearrier, in combination with yielding eXtractors on the sides of the bolt, and means to hold them rigidly at the last portion of the rearward movement of the bolt, substantially as described, .to stop the rising cartridges against the face of the bolt.

11. In a magazine fire-arm, spring side eX- tractors carried by the bolt, provided with stops to hold them rigid at their rearmost point of movement at a less distance apart than the Width of the cartridge-flange, all arranged in combination, to stop the rising of the cartridge when thrown up by the carrier, substantially as described.

12. In combination, in a magazine fire-arm, a reciprocating bolt carrying side eXtractors arranged to stop the feeding cartridge, substantially as described, said cxtractors being scored ont at the top to release the extracted shell, and the opening in the frame for the ejection of the shell, having the passage b2 for the fiangeof the shell.

13. The spring-ejector c, hung in the top of the carrier in line of movement of the rearward-feeding cartridge, so the feeding cartridge retiresit lfrom its operating position, but arranged to spring forward to eject the shell when the carrier rises empty, substantially as set forth.

14. A carrier pivoted in the frame and a lever having a separate fulcrum, substantially as described, said lever having an arm projecting forward practically parallel with the rco IIO

carrier when the same is lowered, and' a stud v i to engage said lever to raise its front end above the floor of the carrier as the carrier rises, the combination bei ng and 4operating substantially as described.

15. In a gun, a hammer, a scar-piece, and a pawl connected to the trigger to engage said scar-piece, substantially as described, to hold the Sear-piece rigid with the trigger, and a stop to trip said pawl and release the searpiece by the pulling of the trigger, the combination being and operating substantially as described.

16. In combination, in a gun, a trigger, a scar-piece, and a spring-catch to lock the searpiecc to the trigger, and means for engaging the same and therebyreleasing the scar-piece from the trigger in the act of discharging the scar-piece, and a sprjngcatch to lock the searpiece to the trigger, and means to engage and release the Sear-piece from the trigger in the act of discharging the gun, and a spring to set the Sear-piece automatically, substantially as set forth.

18. In a breech-loading gun, a bolt and a brace to lock said bolt against a bearing in the frame, a iiringpin arranged with longitudinal movementin the bolt, in combination with a wedge guided vertically in the bolt in the path ofmovement of the brace, so that the brace engages the wedge in unlocking the breech to force it againstthe ring-pin to retire said ring-pin in the bolt, substantially as described.

19. In a breech-loading fire-arm, an operating-handle arranged to slide on the lower part ofthe small of the stock, and provided with upward-projecting ears extending alongside of said stop, a screw or pin to unite said ears, and a slot in the stock to allow for the play of said pin, all in combination to operate the breech, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

20. In a breechloading re arm, an operating-handle arranged to slide on the lower part of the small of the stock, and provided with upward-projecting ears to embrace the same, a screw or pin to unite said ears, and an operating-rod attached thereto and connecting Vwith the breech mechanism7 substantially as described.

2l. In a gun, a scar-piece and a trigger hung in the guard-strap or frame, the searpiece pivoted to move independently of the trigger and having a spring to moveit, so that the trigger engages the sear-piece to turn it to pull 0H' the gun and then releases said sear- ANDREW Bmeenss.

Vitnesses:

' J. J. VAN KLEEcK, THOMAS BRADY.

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