US2597817A - X-ray tube - Google Patents

X-ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2597817A
US2597817A US713354A US71335446A US2597817A US 2597817 A US2597817 A US 2597817A US 713354 A US713354 A US 713354A US 71335446 A US71335446 A US 71335446A US 2597817 A US2597817 A US 2597817A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
filament
focus
curvature
axis
anticathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US713354A
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English (en)
Inventor
Poittevin Maurice
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US2597817A publication Critical patent/US2597817A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/15—Cathodes heated directly by an electric current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/06—Cathodes
    • H01J35/066—Details of electron optical components, e.g. cathode cups

Definitions

  • the major axis of the focus may therefore be placed in a plane perpendicular to that'which contains the curved axis of the filament, whilst, in ordinary X-ray tubes, the major axis of the focus and of the filament are on the same'plane.
  • the dimension of the focus may be very small in the 'plane of curvature of the filament it may be necessary either to cool the extremities of this filament to limit its emissionto'its correctly curved central part, or suitably to adjust the electric 'field in the neighbourhood of these extremities by means of suitable electrostatic-members.
  • the electron emitting filament may be constituted byan elementthe emissive part of which is curved and may consist of a helix witha curved axis and of suitable section or more simply of a wire or by a ribbon.
  • Figs. 1, 2 and 3 represent a tube made in accordance with the present invention.
  • l is the anticathode
  • 2 is a helicoidalfilament
  • 3 is the curved axis of radius 1' of filament '2
  • the axis of the curvature of said filament being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament is illustrated at the point 4 on the'front surface of [.but point 4 maybe located outside this surface for instance between the filament and the anticathode.
  • FIG. 5 is a channeled focussing member shown in section, the'curved surfaces of which as shown in Fig. 1 are concentric about the centre 4, but it may have a different curvature or even-be flat as if the lines 5' and 5" were straight.
  • 6 is a rod supporting the member 5.
  • I and l are rods used simultaneously as mechanical supports for filament 2 and as conductors for its heating current.
  • 8 is the housing of the X-ray tube comprising sealed entry points of therods 6,1 and 1'.
  • the members 'l-and 7' may have'any proportions andbe extended towards the filament'to limit the "emission of the latter to its central part.
  • Figs. 4, 5,6 an'd '7 show difierent forms of the member-5 permitting tosecure'suitable lines of electric force in the neighbourhood of the-extremities of the filament.
  • the member 5 comprises the extremities --5 between which thefilament is encased.
  • the member 5 carries the members H of the same diameter as thatof'the filament and located as prolongations of the latter.
  • Figs. 1 and 3 show, besides the general disposition which is the subject of the present invention, a means of adjusting the dimensions of the focus in the plane of the filament by the adjustment of the curvature of the latter, by a means of the supports 1 and I which can oscillate for this purpose.
  • I5 is an insulating member carrying screws l6, allowing the alteration of distance between H and Hi.
  • the member l5 may furthermore be fixed onto the rod 6 or on to any other member rigidly fixed on the envelope 8.
  • This adjustment device of the radius of curvature of the filament is only given by way of example and any other equivalent method may be used, for instance the deformation of bimetallic supports heated directly or indirectly by the heating current of the filament or by a different current which depends or not on the latter.
  • Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show an X-ray tube allowing the adjustment of the dimensions of the focus to be made by the control of the distance between the cathode and the anticathode.
  • is the insulating envelope of the tube
  • 22 is the electron emitting filament.
  • This filament 22 is formed by a simple metallic wire, the axis 23 of which has a radius of curvature r the axis of the curvature of said filament at 24 being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament.
  • the channeled focussing member 25 is so formed that the centre of curvature of the lines 25 and 25" is the same as the centre of curvature of the filament. However, these two centres may not coincide and may even be separated by a distance extending to infinity, that is to say that the filament 22 may be rectilinear and the lines 25 and 25" curved or the filament 22 may be curved and the lines 25 and 25 rectilinear.
  • 26 is a rod sealed in envelope 2
  • 36 is a ring fixed on 39 which may be magnetic or made of material similar to the rotor of an induction motor.
  • 31 is a magnetic circuit placed in the same plane as 36 and comprising poles 33, 39, 4
  • Circuits 42 and 43 are fed by a common source of direct current 44 and closed successively by switches 45 and 46, in a sequence which depends on the position of the double-switch 41.
  • the rotation of part 39 may also be made by means of part 36 and by an oscillating magnetic field produced by elements 31 to 47.
  • Fig. 8 is, with regard to this, sufficiently clear for it to be understood that if the switches are worked in the following sequence: closure of 45. c1osure of 46, opening of 45, opening of 46-, there is applied to the part 36 a magnetic field the orientation of which alters sharply when switch 46 is closed, which induces currents in 36 and the reaction of this current on these induction fields makes assembly 3933 revolve through successive angles.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 show X-ray tubes made in accordance with this invention and using different means for adjusting the distance between the cathode and the anticathode.
  • 59 is an anticathode of an already known type.
  • is a deformable corruated tube made of metal or suitable alloy so that its dimension parallel to the main axis of the tube may be altered without prejudice to its fluidtightness.
  • may be fixed to the envelope 2
  • Figs. 11 and 12 are only given by way of example and tubes 5
  • the adjustment of the distance between the members 25 and 50 and the immobilisation of the movable members after adjustment may be made by any known means the description of which would be outside the present patent specification.
  • Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show, besides the device for adjustment of the distance between the filament and the anticathode, one shape of the latter a1- lowing the adjustment of the electric field in which the electrons are moving.
  • Part 30 comprises two oblique faces 3
  • the face 33 has therefore a rectangular form, the length of which is equal to the diameter of part 3! and with a much smaller width than this diameter; but the oblique faces 3
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a focusing member with a channel containing a filament member, at least one part of which has a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of the curvature being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a filament member with a'rectilinear axis and a focusing member having a channel containing said filament member and a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of the curvature of said channel being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a filament member having a concave curvature the axis of which is centered adjacent the focus and a focusing member having a channel containing the filament member and a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of the curvature of said channel being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a focusing member with a channel containing a filament member, at least one part of which has a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of the curvature being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament, and electrostatic members in the neighborhood of the prolongation of the extremities of the filament member for centering the electric field.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a focusing member with a channel containing a filament member, at least one part of which has a curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of curvature being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament, an anticathode on which the focus lies, and inclined faces on said anticathode, whereby the electric field in which the electrons are moving is suitably regulated.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons on the focus comprising a focusing member with a channel containing a helical filament member, at least one part of which has a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of curvature being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a focusing member with a channel containing a wire filament member, at least one part of which has a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of the curvature being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of the filament.
  • means for improving concentration of the electrons adjacent the focus comprising a focusing member with a channel containing a ribbon filament member, at least one part of which has a concave curvature centered adjacent the focus, the axis of curvature being perpendicular to a plane containing the length of filament.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US713354A 1946-05-09 1946-11-30 X-ray tube Expired - Lifetime US2597817A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR944917T 1946-05-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2597817A true US2597817A (en) 1952-05-20

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ID=33548389

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US713354A Expired - Lifetime US2597817A (en) 1946-05-09 1946-11-30 X-ray tube

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2597817A (fr)
BE (1) BE469098A (fr)
CH (1) CH261755A (fr)
FR (2) FR944917A (fr)
GB (2) GB651507A (fr)
NL (1) NL69809C (fr)
SE (1) SE122892C1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2866113A (en) * 1952-10-07 1958-12-23 Cosslett Vernon Ellis Fine focus x-ray tubes
US2946892A (en) * 1958-01-22 1960-07-26 Foerderung Forschung Gmbh Arrangement for controlling and correcting the location of the focal spot produced by a cathode-ray on the target of a roentgen-tube
US3034012A (en) * 1958-10-15 1962-05-08 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Electron gun assemblies
US3179832A (en) * 1960-01-12 1965-04-20 Field Emission Corp Temperature enhanced field emission x-ray tube
FR2518805A1 (fr) * 1981-12-23 1983-06-24 Siemens Ag Procede et dispositif pour optimiser l'emission d'un tube a rayons x
US4698835A (en) * 1984-05-31 1987-10-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray tube apparatus
US6356619B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2002-03-12 General Electric Company Varying x-ray tube focal spot dimensions to normalize impact temperature
DE102015220754B3 (de) * 2015-10-23 2017-02-09 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Verfahren und Messeinrichtung zur Ermittlung des Elektrodenabstands von Röntgenröhren
CN111564350A (zh) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-21 马尔文帕纳科公司 X射线管和x射线分析系统

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103591A (en) * 1963-09-10 Radiographic systems and method
DE931304C (de) * 1952-05-24 1955-08-04 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Elektrische Entladungsroehre mit Elektrodenrichtglied
DE1027332B (de) * 1953-08-31 1958-04-03 Siemens Ag Metallglasverschmelzung fuer elektrische Entladungsgefaesse, wie Stromrichtergefaesse od. dgl.
DE1097041B (de) * 1956-09-19 1961-01-12 Emi Ltd Justiervorrichtung zur Zentrierung einer Kathode einer elektrischen Entladungsanordnung fuer hoechste Frequenzen
NL126562C (fr) * 1959-06-11
US3303372A (en) * 1964-08-20 1967-02-07 Dunlee Corp X-ray generator with a knife edged cold cathode emitter
DK147778C (da) * 1981-12-29 1985-05-20 Andrex Radiation Prod As Roentgenstraalegenerator
US4868842A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-09-19 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. Cathode cup improvement
KR101832388B1 (ko) * 2014-12-25 2018-02-26 메이덴샤 코포레이션 전계 방출 디바이스 및 그 개질 처리 방법

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US793112A (en) * 1903-10-06 1905-06-27 Rome V Wagner Vacuum-tube.
US1174044A (en) * 1915-05-05 1916-03-07 Elof Benson X-ray apparatus.
US1310714A (en) * 1919-07-22 X-ray tube
US1559714A (en) * 1919-12-12 1925-11-03 John H Brickenstein Art of releasing electrons in vacuum discharge devices
DE586817C (de) * 1930-12-11 1933-10-26 Radiologie Akt Ges Verfahren zur Brennfleckregelung fuer Roentgenroehren durch Veraenderung der emittierenden Gluehkathodenflaeche
FR818476A (fr) * 1936-06-03 1937-09-27 Radiologie Cie Gle Perfectionnements aux ampoules radiogènes
US2111940A (en) * 1932-04-22 1938-03-22 Loewe Opta Gmbh Braun tube for oscillographic and television purposes
US2130020A (en) * 1934-03-13 1938-09-13 Harry B Mceuen Cathode filament control for x-ray tubes
US2157718A (en) * 1935-02-26 1939-05-09 Mutscheller Arthur X-ray tube
US2240120A (en) * 1937-04-17 1941-04-29 Emi Ltd Electron device
US2268196A (en) * 1939-12-02 1941-12-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2329320A (en) * 1942-04-25 1943-09-14 Gen Electric X Ray Corp X-ray tube
US2350269A (en) * 1942-06-15 1944-05-30 Gen Electric X Ray Corp X-ray tube

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1310714A (en) * 1919-07-22 X-ray tube
US793112A (en) * 1903-10-06 1905-06-27 Rome V Wagner Vacuum-tube.
US1174044A (en) * 1915-05-05 1916-03-07 Elof Benson X-ray apparatus.
US1559714A (en) * 1919-12-12 1925-11-03 John H Brickenstein Art of releasing electrons in vacuum discharge devices
DE586817C (de) * 1930-12-11 1933-10-26 Radiologie Akt Ges Verfahren zur Brennfleckregelung fuer Roentgenroehren durch Veraenderung der emittierenden Gluehkathodenflaeche
US2111940A (en) * 1932-04-22 1938-03-22 Loewe Opta Gmbh Braun tube for oscillographic and television purposes
US2130020A (en) * 1934-03-13 1938-09-13 Harry B Mceuen Cathode filament control for x-ray tubes
US2157718A (en) * 1935-02-26 1939-05-09 Mutscheller Arthur X-ray tube
FR818476A (fr) * 1936-06-03 1937-09-27 Radiologie Cie Gle Perfectionnements aux ampoules radiogènes
US2240120A (en) * 1937-04-17 1941-04-29 Emi Ltd Electron device
US2268196A (en) * 1939-12-02 1941-12-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2329320A (en) * 1942-04-25 1943-09-14 Gen Electric X Ray Corp X-ray tube
US2350269A (en) * 1942-06-15 1944-05-30 Gen Electric X Ray Corp X-ray tube

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2866113A (en) * 1952-10-07 1958-12-23 Cosslett Vernon Ellis Fine focus x-ray tubes
US2946892A (en) * 1958-01-22 1960-07-26 Foerderung Forschung Gmbh Arrangement for controlling and correcting the location of the focal spot produced by a cathode-ray on the target of a roentgen-tube
US3034012A (en) * 1958-10-15 1962-05-08 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Electron gun assemblies
US3179832A (en) * 1960-01-12 1965-04-20 Field Emission Corp Temperature enhanced field emission x-ray tube
FR2518805A1 (fr) * 1981-12-23 1983-06-24 Siemens Ag Procede et dispositif pour optimiser l'emission d'un tube a rayons x
US4698835A (en) * 1984-05-31 1987-10-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray tube apparatus
US6356619B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2002-03-12 General Electric Company Varying x-ray tube focal spot dimensions to normalize impact temperature
DE102015220754B3 (de) * 2015-10-23 2017-02-09 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Verfahren und Messeinrichtung zur Ermittlung des Elektrodenabstands von Röntgenröhren
CN107068523A (zh) * 2015-10-23 2017-08-18 西门子保健有限责任公司 用于确定电极间隔的方法和测量设备以及x射线管
CN107068523B (zh) * 2015-10-23 2020-01-10 西门子保健有限责任公司 用于确定电极间隔的方法和测量设备以及x射线管
CN111564350A (zh) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-21 马尔文帕纳科公司 X射线管和x射线分析系统
CN111564350B (zh) * 2019-02-12 2024-05-24 马尔文帕纳科公司 X射线管和x射线分析系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB651507A (en) 1951-04-04
GB651455A (en) 1951-04-04
BE469098A (fr)
SE122892C1 (fr) 1948-10-05
FR56195E (fr) 1952-09-18
NL69809C (fr)
FR944917A (fr) 1949-04-20
CH261755A (fr) 1949-05-31

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