US2483008A - Proofing proteinaceous fibers against biological attack - Google Patents

Proofing proteinaceous fibers against biological attack Download PDF

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Publication number
US2483008A
US2483008A US569279A US56927944A US2483008A US 2483008 A US2483008 A US 2483008A US 569279 A US569279 A US 569279A US 56927944 A US56927944 A US 56927944A US 2483008 A US2483008 A US 2483008A
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United States
Prior art keywords
lbs
acid
pentachlorphenol
water
proofing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US569279A
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English (en)
Inventor
Higgins Eric Berkeley
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Tewin Ind Inc
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Tewin Ind Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB170544A external-priority patent/GB596362A/en
Application filed by Tewin Ind Inc filed Critical Tewin Ind Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2483008A publication Critical patent/US2483008A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/152—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • D06M13/156—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen atoms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/48—Oxides or hydroxides of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten; Chromates; Dichromates; Molybdates; Tungstates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/15—Proteins or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/15—Proteins or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/155—Treatment in the presence of salts derived from amphoteric metal hydroxides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic

Definitions

  • any deposition of the phenol upon cloth for example, by impregnating the cloth with the soluble sodium salt and subsequently precipitating the free phenol in situ by means of an acid bath is not permanent; on storage, the phenol, though colliodal and adherent when formed, crystallises and the fine needle crystals have no attachment to the fibre and come away in the form of dust, thus not only depriving the cloth of its protection but attacking the nose and throat of the wearer, and when worn, causing painful skin rashes which, though they heal by first intention and have no enduring dermititic eifect, are an'effectual bar to the use of the expedient.
  • the second is the ready sublimation of the phenol which is specially marked at high temperatures, such as during the normal drying of the treated cloth on tins.
  • the present invention is based on the important discovery that in solutions having a pH value of between 7 and .4, pentachlorphenol can form loose addition compounds with proteins possibly of-the nature of chloramines or chloryl compounds involving the nitrogen group of the protein.
  • the complex is formed in general with any protein most readily and is most stable at the so-called iso-electric point of the protein.
  • the present invention consists in the production of these complexes and the application of pentachlorphenol to the textile fibres by means of them.
  • the formation of the compounds by reaction with the protein of the fibre itself may be accomplished, for example, by grinding the pentachlorphenol to micron size, but it is most readily accomplished by precipitating the free phenol from its sodium salt by means of a large excess of volatile acid in the presence of a protective colloid.
  • a protective colloid is not necessaryily of a protein nature or origin, although a highly demerised pro-- tein such as lysalbic acid is" very suitable for the purpose, and so is the water-soluble product obtained by profound alkaline degration of wool,
  • nating 'bath such as aluminium formate
  • the anionic charging of the suspended particles ensures a more intimate initial contact between the fibres and the particles.
  • This mode of carrying out the invention is particularly of advantage in the wool industry, in which resistance to moth attack is of special importance since it may be conveniently applied at various stages of the usual woollen treatment.
  • the suspension may be added to the mill during acid milling or to the dolly during the finishing operation or to the dye bath when an acid dye bathis used, as is almost always the case.
  • the complex compound finally formed is exthen stopped-and the mass allowed to set to a soft jelly, which itself is a form in which the product tremely stable and the'objectiona'ble volatility of the toxic product is completely suppressed, and
  • Example 1 10 lbs. of skin glue or gelatine are allowed to swell in 64 lbs. of water and then brought into solution by heating to 80 to 90 C. with continuous stirring. Then, 22% lbs. of neutral sodium pentachlorphenolate is added with thorough stirring part at a time, the stirring being effected until a homogeneous mass is formed.
  • Theglue employed is merely a convenient protective colloid for the can be handled in commerce. As already indicated, this fine suspension of pentachlorphenol may then be employed in accordance with the invention to produce the new complex in situ upon protein textiles in a number of ways:
  • souring in the usual Way preferably with formic or acetic acid, is run in cold water using the Y customary ratio of about gallons of water to 100 lbs. of cloth. Then 3 lbs. of the jelly described above is dissolved in 2 to 3 gallons of hot water at '70 to C. and poured into-the dolly when the cloth is run until the original cloudy liquor has become clear, indicating the attachment of the pentachlorphenol to the wool. The latter is finished in the usual way.
  • a suitable dye bath for lbs. of wool may contain:
  • an after-chrome dyestuff such as Fastchrorne cyanine 2B 10 lbs. of Glauber salts 3 lbs. of 30 per cent acetic acid, and 3 lbs. of the jelly described above dissolved in 2 to 3 gallons of hot water.
  • the dyeing is carried out as usual, as is the subsequent treatment with 2 lbs. of sodium bichromate.
  • An alternative dye bath may contain:
  • neutral dyeing dyestuff such as Coulbs. of Glauber salts 0.5 lb. of sodium bichromate 3 lbs. of jelly dissolved in 2 to 3 gallons of hot water.
  • the dyeing and subsequent treatment is as above.
  • Yet another dye bath contains:
  • the treatment in accordance with the invention may be carried out simultaneously with waterproofing treatment by any of the methods described above if a, suitable waterproofing a ent be employed.
  • suitable waterproofing a ent be employed.
  • the agents described in British Patent Specification No. 380,076 and commercially available under the trade-mark Impregnol are suitable for this purpose.
  • the combined treatment may then, for example, be carried out in the following ways:
  • the piece is now moth-proof and waterproof and may go straight to the stenter for drying, but better results are obtained if it is washed for 5 to 10 minutes in the dolly in a bath containing 50 gallons of water and 2 lbs. of aluminium triformate, a commercial product at 48 Twad. being approximately 10 normal with respect to aluminium and 5 normal to formic acid, after milling and before drying. During drying a pHvalue between 42 and 5 is established.
  • the waterproofing agent mentioned above in an amount of 2 to 3 lbs. for each 100 lbs. of wool, for example, is added to the dyeing formula which may be one of those given above, and the dyeing conducted as usual.
  • the pieces are approaching full shade, for example, 1 hour after the bath has reached the boiling temperature.
  • Example 2 64 lbs. of gelatine or hide glue aresoaked overnight in 256 lbs. of water so that they are well swollen. Next day the swollen mass is brought into solution while warming to 45 C. and when it is dissolved, 1%. lbs. of ammonium sulphate and 400 cc. of ammonium solution of specific gravity 0.9 are added together with'half an ounce of commercial pancreatin. To effect demerisation by this solution, the temperature is maintained at 45 C., and the mass very thoroughly agitated for 15 minutes. The temperature is then raised very rapidly to 80 C. to kill the ferment, for which purpose the apparatus should be provided with ample heating surface and a large steam supply. The mass is then cooled as rapidly as possible with continuous stirring.
  • Cloth may be padded through the solution dried on the tins or stenter, and then padded again through a 1% solution of formic acid and again dried.
  • the treatment with' acid causes the pentachlorphenol to be set free in finely dispersed form from its sodium salt and during the final drying, excess formic acid is expelled and a pH between 4 and '7 established.
  • Process for the treatment of a proteinaceous textilefiber to render same proofed against biological attack by the combination of penta-- chlorphenol with a protein at the surface of the fiben which comprises treating the said textile fiber with an aqueous liquid containing dispersed pentachlorphenol, a protective colloid and an acid substance and whilst maintaining the pH of the mass below 7 evaporating to dryness the resulting reaction product to render the same irreversibly stable.
  • the acid substance is a heat decomposable acid reacting polyvalent metal salt of a volatile acid which decomposes during the drying liberating fiber is mixed with a solution of an alkali metal salt of pentachlorphenol and a protective colloid and the mixture is acidified with a volatile acid to produce an acid dispersion of pentachlorphenol in contact with the fiber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US569279A 1944-01-29 1944-12-21 Proofing proteinaceous fibers against biological attack Expired - Lifetime US2483008A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB170544A GB596362A (en) 1944-01-29 Improvements relating to the production of toxic compounds and their use in the treatment of textiles for protection against biological attack

Publications (1)

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US2483008A true US2483008A (en) 1949-09-27

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US (1) US2483008A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE471973A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR944658A (en(2012))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2615783A (en) * 1950-08-11 1952-10-28 Procter & Gamble Modification of keratin
US2615782A (en) * 1950-08-11 1952-10-28 Procter & Gamble Modification of keratin
US2710269A (en) * 1951-07-02 1955-06-07 Higgins Eric Berkeley Method of treating woolen textile materials with di-pentachlorphenyl-mono-hydrogen phosphate for protecting such textiles against biological attack
US2945736A (en) * 1957-12-17 1960-07-19 Hightower Morse & Company Mothproofing of keratinaceous materials
US2945735A (en) * 1957-12-17 1960-07-19 Hightower Morse & Company Mothproofing of keratinaceous materials
US3172777A (en) * 1965-03-09 Process for depositing a water insoluble bactericide on a fabric
US3398285A (en) * 1961-10-16 1968-08-20 Perkin Elmer Corp Spectro-radiometer with means for eliminating background noise

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1085783A (en) * 1911-02-24 1914-02-03 Condensite Company Of America Flame-extinguishing material.
US1618416A (en) * 1925-07-24 1927-02-22 British Dyestuffs Corp Ltd Mildew proofing of fibrous material
US2086676A (en) * 1930-11-04 1937-07-13 Firm Deutsche Kunstseiden Stud Process for improving wool
US2157113A (en) * 1937-05-20 1939-05-09 Monsanto Chemicals Preservation of fermentable materials
US2174475A (en) * 1937-10-13 1939-09-26 Georg Henning Chem Pharm Werk Enzymatic manufacture of nucleotides
US2186134A (en) * 1938-07-07 1940-01-09 A D Chapman & Company Inc Preservative composition
US2196988A (en) * 1939-03-30 1940-04-16 Dow Chemical Co Phenol compositions
US2217264A (en) * 1937-10-15 1940-10-08 Weizmann Charles Protein preparation
US2236921A (en) * 1936-12-23 1941-04-01 Schering Corp Process for the manufacture of therapeutically valuable compounds of kerating degradation products
US2292423A (en) * 1939-06-09 1942-08-11 Goodrich Co B F Method of making mildew resistant fibrous products

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1085783A (en) * 1911-02-24 1914-02-03 Condensite Company Of America Flame-extinguishing material.
US1618416A (en) * 1925-07-24 1927-02-22 British Dyestuffs Corp Ltd Mildew proofing of fibrous material
US2086676A (en) * 1930-11-04 1937-07-13 Firm Deutsche Kunstseiden Stud Process for improving wool
US2236921A (en) * 1936-12-23 1941-04-01 Schering Corp Process for the manufacture of therapeutically valuable compounds of kerating degradation products
US2157113A (en) * 1937-05-20 1939-05-09 Monsanto Chemicals Preservation of fermentable materials
US2174475A (en) * 1937-10-13 1939-09-26 Georg Henning Chem Pharm Werk Enzymatic manufacture of nucleotides
US2217264A (en) * 1937-10-15 1940-10-08 Weizmann Charles Protein preparation
US2186134A (en) * 1938-07-07 1940-01-09 A D Chapman & Company Inc Preservative composition
US2196988A (en) * 1939-03-30 1940-04-16 Dow Chemical Co Phenol compositions
US2292423A (en) * 1939-06-09 1942-08-11 Goodrich Co B F Method of making mildew resistant fibrous products

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3172777A (en) * 1965-03-09 Process for depositing a water insoluble bactericide on a fabric
US2615783A (en) * 1950-08-11 1952-10-28 Procter & Gamble Modification of keratin
US2615782A (en) * 1950-08-11 1952-10-28 Procter & Gamble Modification of keratin
US2710269A (en) * 1951-07-02 1955-06-07 Higgins Eric Berkeley Method of treating woolen textile materials with di-pentachlorphenyl-mono-hydrogen phosphate for protecting such textiles against biological attack
US2945736A (en) * 1957-12-17 1960-07-19 Hightower Morse & Company Mothproofing of keratinaceous materials
US2945735A (en) * 1957-12-17 1960-07-19 Hightower Morse & Company Mothproofing of keratinaceous materials
US3398285A (en) * 1961-10-16 1968-08-20 Perkin Elmer Corp Spectro-radiometer with means for eliminating background noise

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Publication number Publication date
FR944658A (fr) 1949-04-12
BE471973A (en(2012))

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