US2464624A

US2464624A - Loom

Info

Publication number: US2464624A
Application number: US741733A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert E Walliser
Original assignee: ARTHUR HANISCH; DAVID H BERMAN; THOR S JOHNSON
Current assignee: ARTHUR HANISCH; DAVID H BERMAN; THOR S JOHNSON
Priority date: 1947-04-16
Filing date: 1947-04-16
Publication date: 1949-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 1966-03-15

Description

March 15-, 1949. w sE 2,464,624

' LOOM Filed April 16, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 15, 1949. wALLlSER 2,464,624

Loom

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 16, 1947 Patented Mar. 15, 1949 Bel-man, all of Chicago, 111., and one-fourth to Thor S. Johnson, Irvington, N. Y., trustee Application April 16,1947, SerialNo. 741,733- 7 Claims. (01. 139-38) This invention relates to a loom, and more particularly to a loom for weaving fabric and rugs with projecting loops of thread extending from the surface thereof. This application confstitutes a continuation-in-part of my co-pending warp and ground warp threads with weft threads woven there-between, wherein the pile warp threads .are periodically projected from the fabric in the form of loops integrally secured to but extending from the fabric.

Another object of the invention is to provide in a loom means for projecting loops in a portion of the warp threads, the loops extending from thewoven fabric. Still another object is to protime in a loom a needle arranged to engage the pile warp threads, to advance the same to form loops therein, and thereafter to release the threads. Yet another object is to provide a shuttle mechanism for periodically weaving a weft thread between warp threads, and .means for interrupting the operation of the shuttle mechanism for a single period. Another object is to provide angularly-positioned pile projecting needles and means for severing the projected pile threads.

Another object is to arrange the shuttle mechanism in cooperation with the loop projecting means whereby the operation. of the shuttle mechanism is interrupted when the pile warp threads are engaged for the formation of loops, and the operation is resumed before the pile warp threads are released. A further object is to provide a tension device in a loom for exerting a tension upon the pile warp threads, and means for releasing the tension when the pile warp threads are engaged by a loop projecting member.

Other features and advantages will appear from the following specification and drawings, in whichf Fig. l is a front elevational view of the. im-. proved loom; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view, in elevation, of the mechanism for actuating the tensioning device; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view, in elevation.

of the mechanism for controlling the actionof the loop projecting member; Fig. 4A is an enlarged sectional detailed view, the section being taken as indicated at line 4A of Fig. 4; Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5 of Fig.

'4; Fig. 6 is a 'front elevational view, partly brokenaway, of the loop-projecting member: Fig. '7 is a broken plan view of the same; and Fig. 8 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the needle and knife structure and the supporting mechanism therefor.

I In standard and conventional loom constructions, the loom is usually provided with means for advancing warp threads through the apparatus and with a. shuttle and bobbin construction for passing one or more weft threads back and forth between" the warp threads to form the woven fabric. The warp threads are divided into at least two groups which are independently received by heddles.

The heddles move with a reciprocating motion to separate the two groups of warp threads, and then. after the weft thread has been passed between the separated warp threads, the heddles are moved in opposite directions with respect to each other to enclose the weft thread in the fabric and again separate the warp threads. The weaving operation continues by again passing the weft threads between the separated warp threads.

The operation of the heddles and other cooperating elements of the loom structure is controlled by a dobbyhead which serves to synchronize the various elements of the structure.

The structure of the present invention includes these conventional loom elements together with additional mechanism and means for providing cooperation between the elements. In so far as the structure relates to conventional and well-known loom mechanism, it will not be described in detail herein.

The loom mechanism of the present invention is particularly adapted to form a fabric or rug having long twisted loops extending from the surface thereof to form articles similar to bullion fringe. With this apparatus, a bullion twist rug can be formed integrally with the rug body, providing a sturdy and attractive product more pleasing in appearance than rugs of this type heretofore formed.

The fabric or rug is described in detail in Robert E. Walliser Patent No. 2,308,577, for Rug, whichissued January 19. 1943.

In the specific embodiment of the invention described herein, the loom includes a shuttle and bobbin means A driven by a drive mechanism B. The pile warp threads are carried in heddles C. the cooperation of the various elements being obtained by means of a dobbyhead D. The loom is also equi ped with a pivotally joined at 51 to a bar 7 and drives the arm or tensioning device E and a loo projecting mechanism F. I

Referring particularly to Fig. 2. a frame 28 supports a large roller 2i rotatably mounted on the shaft 22. The roller 2! carries ground warp threads 23, preferably wound on the roller in

pairs

24 and 28. The ground warp threads extending from the roller 2i pass over a shaft 28 and are received within the

heddles

21 and 28,.

the heddle 28 receiving the threads 25. and the heddie 21 receiving the.threads .24. From the

heddles

21 and 28. the ground warp threads extend over the batten 23 and are formed into the fabric 38.

The fabric 38 is received on the roller 3 l passes tn; the small roller 32, and is wound on the roller 3 The extensions 34 and 38 of the frame 28 support a second large roller 38 rotatably mounted on the shaft 31. The pile warp threads 38 are carried by the roller 38 and are'delivered to the

tension release shafts

33 and 48 of the tension device E. From the shaft 48, the pile warp threads extendto the heddle 4| across the shuttie supporting member 28 to the loop projecting mechanism F. The pile warp threads 38 are incorporated in the fabric 38. being integrally secured thereto by the shuttle and bobbin means A and having loops formed therein by the loop projecting mechanism F.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the rollers 3|. 32 and 33 are carried on shafts 43, 44 and 45 .iournaled in suitable brackets on the frame 28. Shafts 43 and 45 have rigidly secured thereto

gears

48 and 41, by means of which the shafts may be driven by any suitable power means. The roller 32 serves to reverse the position of the pile of the rug so that the pile. although extending from the outer surface of the fabric 38 as it is received "on the roller 3| is on the inner surface of the fabric when it is received on the roller 33.

Referring again to Fig. 2, the

heddles

21, 28 and 4| are mounted for vertical reciprocating motion in the usual manner and are controlled in their movement by the dobbyhead D. The shuttle and bobbin means is also of conventional construction and will not be described in detail herein.

A main drive shaft 48, driven by any suitable means (not shown), carries a large gear 48 and an arm iil rigidly mounted thereon. To the ends of the arm 50 are-attached apair of cams 5i and 82. which are arranged to en age the boss 53 on the bracket 84 on the shaft 55. To the shaft 55 is rigidly secured a lever '88.

As seen particularly in Fig. 1, the lever 88 is 88 which engages picker-stick 89. The arm 88 carries a picker block (not shown) which is arranged to strike the shuttle 6! when it is in shuttle box 80 and to drive it across the loom.

On the opposite side of the loom is a duplicate mechanism for driving-a similar arm or pickerstlck 82, which strikes the shuttle when it is in the shuttle box 83 to pass it back across the loom.

When, the cam 5 i passes the boss or shoe 53, the

arm 58 is returned to its original position conventional means, not shown.

As seen particularly in Fig. 2, the gear 48 carries a .chain 84 which'drives asmaller gear 85 rotatably mounted on the shaft 88. The shaft 88 carries means for actuating and operating the loopprojecting mechanism F. A crank 81 formed in the shaft 68 is pivotally attached to a laterally extending arm 88 of the support 88 for the'loop projecting means. The support 83, in turn, is pivotally mounted on the shaft 18 in the frame 28. Rotation ofthe shaft 88 thus imparts horizontal reciprocating motion to the loop projecting mechanism F. I

A cam 1!, carried by the shaft 88, is engaged by the roller 12 on the arm 13. Arm 13 isrigidiy affixed to a shaft 14, one end of which is Journailed into bracket 18 and the other end of which is Journalled into a corresponding bracket '(not shown) carried by frame 28 near the other end of the loom. The end, of arm 13 opposite roller 12 is pivotally connected to another arm 16 which extends upward to the loop projecting mechanism. An arm (not shown), rigidly aillxed to the end of shaft 14 opposite arm 13,

is pivotally connected to arm'18a, which like- I wise extends upward to the loop' projecting mech-' anism. I l p The shaft 88 is brought into drive relation with the gear by a clutch mechanism hereinafter described.

A shaft 11 is driven by a gear 18 (Fig. 3), which in turn is driven by a large gear 18 on the shaft. 48. The shaft 11 carries a crank 8| which is pivotaily connected to an arm 82 secured 'at its other end to the batten 28 which in turn is carried by the standards 83. structure is housed in the batten.

The standards 83. in' turn, are pivotally mounted on the shaft 18 so that rotation of the shaft 11 and crank 8i produces a horizontal reciprocating motion in. the shuttle-supporting .The usual reed member 28. The standards 83 also support a horizontal plate 84 which extends across the loom under the ground warp threads 24 and supports the shuttle 81 in its passage across the loom onthe ground warp threads 24.

The tension device E, which is operated to momentarily release the tension on pile warp 38, includes a bracket 85 .in-which is journaled the shaft 38. Another bracket 88 extends downwardly from the shaft 38 to support the shaft 40.

Rotation of the shaft 38 thus produces a horizontal movement of the shaft 40.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the shaft 38 carries a ratchet 81, provided with teeth 88 along one side thereof. The teeth 88 are engaged by a pair of pawls 88 and 88, the pawl 88 being pivotally mounted on the shaft 8 I. the pawl 88 is secured a spring 82 and a. lead wire 83 to the dobbyhead D. A depending arm 84 'is pivotally mounted on the shaft 8i and serves as a pivotal support for'the pawl 80. The lower end of the arm 84 engages a cam 85 on the shaft 11. v 1 v As seen particularly in Figs, 4, 4A, andj, the loop projecting mechanism} is controlled in operation by a clutch mechanism. The shaft 88 supports a drum 88 rigidly mounted thereon. Another shaft 98 is .slidably received 'within the drum, as seen particularly in Fig. 4A. Theshaft 88* engages at its end a'recess or socket (not shown) in the gear 85 so as to releasably interlock the gear 85 and drum 88 for rotational movement and thus cause the rotation of the gear 85 to produce rotation of the drum 88 and shaft 88.

A pin 81 extends laterally from the shaft 88 and from the drum 88. A spring 81 urges the shaft 88 into the socket in .the gear 88 s0 as to lock the ear 85 and the drum 88 to ether. V

A recess stop member 88 is adapted to engage the pin 81 and prevent the rotation of the drum 86.. The ston'member is' pivotallymountedon To the opposite end of lowered,'the stop member is the shaft is and connected by mm m with the bar m. An arm m, pivotally mounted at m,

connects the bar III to a lead wire I04 connected to the dobbyhead D. When the lead wire I04 is drawn away from longitudinally of the drum 00 and away from the gear 0|. This releases the pin 06 from interlocking engagement with the gear 65, and rotation 01 the drum 00 and shaft 60 ceases. The clutch mechanism for releasably connecting the drum '00 in drive relation with the gear 65 may be any suitable mechanism andis therefore not described in greater detail herein.

The dobbyhead D. as-seen particularly in Figs. 2 and 1, is equipped with a series of pulleys I05 upon which .the various lead wires are carried. The lead-wires I00 extend to the upper ends of the

heddles

21, 20 and 4|, while the lead wires I01 pass around the pulleys I08 to the lower ends of the same heddles.

Lead wires 03 and I09 (Fig. 3) are connectedto the dobbyhead and control the action of the tension device E. When the lead wires 93 and I]! are lifted, the pawls 09 and 90 arereleased from the ratchet 01. and the shaft 30 is permitted to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction to release the tension on the pile warp threads 30.

The loop-projecting mechanism F, as seen particularly in Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive, includes a pinrality of needles III, which are fixedly mounted in a channeled bar III carried by the support 89 which is pivotally mounted on the frame 20. The bar I I I also supports pivots I I2 and M2 on which are mounted cranks H3 and H3 respectively. Crank II 2 is pivotally connected at one end to the arm I0 and at the other toa link I I4. Crank I I3 is pivotally connected at one end to arm 16 and at the other end to link H4. The links H4 cranks are changed in position to release the wires I20 and I29, the shuttle boxes 00 and 03 are lowered by gravity to a position where they are not engaged by the picker-blocks (not shown) on the pickersticks or arms 00 and 02. The springs I20,and I21 provide an escapement to prevent breakage in the event that the shuttle boxes become jammed.

When the shuttle boxes 00 and 63' are in lowered pcsition, their shuttles are not engaged by the pickers actuated by the arms 59 and 02,

and the shuttle 0| is not passed across the loom. As soon as the boxes arelifted by the wires I20 and I29 to normal upward position, the shuttle is engaged by the pickers actuated by the arms I! and 02.

The dcbbyhead mechanism D is of conventional construction and reed not be described in detail herein. The usual Jacks I30 are connected to the various lead wires and are actuated by any suitable means, such as the well-known pattern chain construction (not shown). The jacks may be of any desired number,'and may be arranged so that they are actuated at the appropriate time by adjustment of the conventional actuatin means.

The pile warp threads 38 are advanced through the loom around the needles I I0, while the lower angular extensions or hooks I I0 of the needles are p sitioned adjacent groups of the pile warp threads whereby, when the needles are retracted.

' they move the warp threads laterally until they pass below such threads and, when advanced,

pick up and carry the pile warp threads forwardly. The loom is so constructed and o erated that the ground warp threads 25'normally are shed with the pile warp threads '30. while the ground warp threads 24 are separated therefrom in order to permit the shuttle and the weft 40 thread carried thereby to pass between the warp threads.

and 4 are connected 'to the angle member H5. The needles IIO are secured at their upper ends to the top portion of the channeled bar III and at their lower ends are bent forwardly at right angles. The forcing of the needle bend forwardly at right angles forms a hook Hi. This hook, as shown best in Fig. '7, is inclined laterally at an angle of about from the path which the needles follow during reciprocation.

The shank of the needle and the hook portion are provided with a slot III adapted to receive the rear edge of a knife H8 having an upwardlyextending rod H9 secured to the bottom of the angle member I 15. A spring I20 normally urges the rod II! and knife H8 upwardly.

Referring again to Fig. 1. the shuttle boxes (and Ora-re connected to the rods I22 and I23. which are slidably received within the. sleeves I24 and I25. S rings I26 and I2'I resting at one end against collars I40 and I. res ectively.

The weaving operation is carried out in the conventional manner for five successive passes of the weft thread between the warp threads. At this point. the heddle carrying the ground warp threads 25 remains in lowered position, while the ground warp threads 24 .are also brought to lowered position. At thesame time, the pile warp threads 30 are raised, as indicated in Fig. 2, and the angular hooks or extensions 6 of the needles H0, when they are drawn back of the warp threads 30 and are advanced, pick up the warp threads and draw them forwardlyto form loops.

Operation The

ground warp threads

24 and 25 are vanced from theroller 2| over@ the roller 26'-to the

heddles

21 and 28. At the same time. the pile warp thread 38 is passed from the roller 26 across the

shafts

39 and 40 of the tension .device E to'the heddle 4|. The heddles are. so :arranged that the pile warp threads 38 and ground warp threads 25 are maintained in raised position while the ground warp threads 24 are in lowered position. When the heddle 21 is raised, the heddles 28 and 4| are'lowered to reverse the position of the threads.

The pile warp and ground warp threads passing through the heddles extend across the batten 29. with the ground warp threads 24 resting on the supportingplatefl. At this point, the shuttle and bobbin GI are passed across between the' The pile warp threads 38 passing beyond the. batten 29 are periodically engaged by the lateral extension N of the needles H0, and a loop is formed in each of the threads. The woven fabrc is then received on the rollers 3|, 32 and 33. The fabric and the threads are advanced through the loom by the driving of. the rollers 3| and 33 through the

gears

48 and 41.

As the warp threads are advanced through the apparatus, the actuating mechanism of the tensioning device causes the shaft 39 to be turned 1 clockwise, thereby causing a taking up of all of the-slack on the pile warp threads 38. This operation is accomplished by the rotation of the gear 19 on the shaft 48, which, in turn, drives the gear 18 and cam 95 on the shaft H. The movement of the cam moves the arm 94 and causes the pawl 98 to advance the ratchet 81 in a clockwise direction. When the recessed portion of the cam 95 engages the arm 94, the pawl 98 is withdrawn to engage the next adjacent tooth 88. The pawl 89 in the meantime remains in engagement with a tooth 88 of the ratchet 81 and prevents release of the tension.

At the time that the needles llll engage the pile warp threads 38, the appropriate jacks of the dobbyhead D are actuated to lift the lead wires 93 and I09, releasing the pawls 89 and 90 from the ratchet 81, and thus permitting the shaft 39 to turn in a counter-clockwise direction and release the tension on the pile warp threads 38.

The rotation of the drive shaft 48 also causes rotation of the arm 50 and cams 5| and 52 to drive the shuttle actuating mechanism. The cams 5| and 52 engage the shoe or boss 53 of the bracket 54, rotating the shaft 55 and moving the before the batten 29 is picker-stick 59 against the shuttle. When the picker actuated by arm 59 engages the shuttle, it drives the shuttle 5| across the loom between the warp threads to the shuttle box 53. After the 'heddles have changed position, the arm 52 then V 8 I threads 38. When the needles H8 are brought into engagement with the pile warp threads 38, the dobbyhead causes the wires I28 and I29 to be moved and the shuttle boxes 50 and 53 to be lowered.

The batten 29 and the reed carried thereby are driven by the arm 82, which is connected by a crank 8| to the shaft 11. Accordingly, rotation of the shaft 11 causes the batten v29 to be reciprocated. The shaft 1'! is driven by the gear 18, which in turn is driven by the main gear 19 on the main drive shaft 48. Since the batten 29 and the loop projecting mechanism F are driven'by means which are actuated by the shaft, the movement of the loop projecting mechanism F is readily synchronized with the movement of the batten 28,'s q that the mechanism F on the arm 59 moves to its rearward position when the batten 29 and the reed carried thereby are in their rearward position. The loop projecting mechani'sm F is then,

advanced to its forward position, as seen in Fig. 2, moved *forwardly at the time of the beat-up. When the loop projecting mechanism F is in the forward position shown in Fig. 2, the batten 29 and the reed carried thereby may be reciprocated to their forward position without interference fromthe loop projecting mechanism.

After five passes of the shuttle have been completed, heddle frames 21 and 28 are lowered and heddle frame 4| is raised. At the same time, boxes 59 and 63 are lowered so that the shuttle is removed from the path of the picker-block (not shown) carried by the picker-stick or arm 59. Thus, at this moment the ground warp threads are depressed and out of reach of the needles H8 and the pile warp threads are raised within the operating range of the needles H8. Inthis posi-' tion, the shuttle is not engaged by either of the drives the shuttle from the shuttle box 53 across v the loom-to the shuttle box 50.

The loop projecting mechanism F is also driven from the drive shaft 48. The gear 49 drives the chain 64 and gear55 which is rotatably mounted on the shaft 55. The drum 95 provides a clutch for bringing the shaft 55 into fixed relation with the gear 85.

Referring particularly to Fig. 4, when the lead wire I84 is raised by the appropriate jack of the dobbyhead D, the stop member 98 is moved away from the drum 95 and pin 91. This permits the spring 9'! within the drum to urge shaft 95* within the drum into driving relation with the gear 55, thus driving the shaft 55.

When the shaft 55 is rotated, the cam 'Il causes movement of the roller. 12, arm 13, arm 15, and arm 15 Through cranks H3 and H3 and links H4 and H4, the angle member H5 is reciprocated, causing the knives H8 to move upwardly and downwardly. The timing is such that the knives H8 move downwardly to sever the loops carried by the inclined hooks H5 after the loops have been drawn forwardly to their full extent and just before the needles are carried in a backward direction past the warp threads. In the rearward movement of the supporting arm 59, the needles, the shanks of which move in parallel with the pile warp threads, slightly move the pile warp threads laterally as theirhook portions I "5 move below the raised pile warp threads. The crank 5'! on the shaft 55 now moves the supporting arm 59 to advance the loop-projecting mechpickers carried by the picker-sticks 59 and 52, and the shuttle does not pass across the loom. The dobbyhead is. so arranged that the shuttle boxes are held in this position for only a single movement of the sticks 59 or 52. Thus, in the" periodic movement of the shuttle across the loom, only one period is missed.

The fabric contains pile warp threads .and

ground warp threads disposed in parallel relation to each other. Preferably, there are two ground warp threads for each pile warp thread. The weft threads extend back and forth across the fabric between the warp threads, the weft thread being alternately above and below each of the warp threads betweenthe loops.

The loops may be spaced apart in the fabric, and, as shown, are formed with five weft threads between adjacent loops. When the last of the five weft threads has been passed across the loom between the warp threads, the heddle on the lower ground warp thread remains in fixed position, while the upper ground warp thread is lowered and the pile warp thread is raised. The needles H0 are thus brought into engagement with the pile warp threads and advanced to form loops in each of the same.

When the needles are brought into engagement with the pile warp threads, the tensioning device is released and the shuttle boxes are lowered to prevent the passageof the shuttle across the loom. By the time that the needl has reached advanced position and the loops have been formed, the pile warp threads have been lowered by the heddle II and the ground warp threads 24 have been raised by the heddle 21. The shuttle boxes 59 and 53 are wardly and the knife H8 severs the loops held by the needle extension H6. The needle H8, whichis mounted in fixed position,. then moves rearwardly in a path parallel with'and adjacent to the pile warp threads 88 which are raised at an inclination, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The angular needle extensions or hooks I l6 press the pile warp threads 38 slightly to one side, ratchet fashion, until they clear them toward the end of the rearward stroke. Upon the advancing movement of the needles, however, the hook portions H6 pick up the pile warp threads 38 and carry them forwardly to the loop-projected position.

The pile warp threads used are preferably twisted so that after loops are formed therein, the threads rotate to form twisted loops. When, however, the loops are cut as described above, the twisting action becomes less important and may in be omitted.

If desired, the knives 118 may be removed from the needles, and the needles with their angularly turned ends or'hooks I I6 may be operated without any means 'for severing the loops. Inthe latter arrangement, when the knives are omitted, the pile warp threads are preferably twisted, as above mentioned. v

While there are shown-anddescribed certain embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that it is capable of many modifications. Changes, therefore, in the construction and arrangement may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a loom of the character described adapted to weave a weft thread between advancing warp threads, a plurality of needles mounted for movement forwardly and rearwardly of said warp threads, means for bringing said needles into engagement with a portion of the warp threads, mechanism for advancing said needles to form a loop in each of the engaged threads, and a plurality of knives equal in number to the needles, each of said knives being movably mounted adjaground warp threads, shuttle means for periodically weaving a weft thread between said warp threads, a plurality of needles mounted for forward and backward movement and adapted .to engage said pile warp threads when advanced, means for advancing said needles to form a loop in each of said pile warp threads, movably mounted cutting blades in said needles and means for actuating said blades to sever the loops on the needles, saidmechanism being operable for releasing said needles from said pile warp threads.

4. In a loom of the character described equipped with means for advancing ground warp and pile warp threads, means for raising and lowering said pile warp threads and a portion of the ground warp threads with respect to the remaining ground warp threads, shuttle means for periodically weaving a weft thread between said warp threads and for withholding the weft thread in certain predetermined sheds, a plurality of needles mounted for forward and backward movement and adapted to engage the pile warp threads, mechanism for advancing said needles to form I a loop in each of said engaged pile warp threads,

and a plurality of knives equal in number to the needles, each of said knives being movably mounted adjacent a needle and operative to cut.

the loops formed by said needle.

5. In a loom of the character described equipped with means for advancing ground warp and pile warp threads, means for raising and lowering said pile warpthreads and a portion of the ground warp threads with respect to the remaining ground warp threads, shuttle means for periodically weaving a weft thread between said warp threads, a plurality of needles mounted for reciprocating movement and adapted to engage the pile warp threads when advanced, mechanism for advancing said needles to form a loop in each of said engaged pile warp threads, and cutter means associated with said needles for severing each of said loops when the same are formed in said A needles, said needles being provided withforwarp threads; means for raising and lowering said pile warp threads and a portion of the ground warp threads, shuttle means for periodically mounted for movement in a fixed course forwardly I cent a needle and operative to cut the loops 4 formed by said needle.

2. In a loom of the character described adapted to form a weft thread between advancing warp threads, a plurality of needles mounted for movement in a fixed course forwardly and rearwardly of said warp threads, means for bringing said needles into engagement with a portion of the warp threads, mechanism for advancing said needles to form a loop in each of the. engaged threads, and power-driven means operable for releasing said needles from said engaged threads and comprising a cutter member slidably carried by each of said needles for cutting each of the loops formed on the needles.

3. In a loom of the character described equipped weaving a weft thread between said warp threads and for withholding the weft thread in certain predetermined sheds, a plurality of needles and rearwardly of said pile warp threads and in adjacent relation thereto, said needles having forwardly and laterally turned end portions inclined at an angle of about 45 from the path of said needles, said inclined end portions moving said pile warp threads slightly laterally when the needles are drawn rearwardly to a point below the raised pile warp threads but engaging said pile warp threads when the needles are advanced to form loops in each of said pile warp threads, and means for reciprocating said needles, and means actuated in synchronism with saidreciprocating means for severing said loops when the same are fully formed and while the needles are in their advanced positidn.

'7. In a loom of the character described equipped with means for advancing ground warp and pile warp threads, means for raising and lowering said pile warp threads and a portion of "the ground warp threads, shuttle means for periodically weaving a weft thread between said warp threads, a plurality of needles mounted for movement in a fixed course forwardly and, rearwardly of said pile warp threads and in adjacent relation thereto,

saidneedles having forwardly and laterally turned end portions inclined at an angle oi about 45 from the path of said needles. said inclined end portions movingsaid pile warp threads slightly laterally when the needles are drawn rearwardly to a point below the raised pile warp threads but engaging said pile warp threads when the needles are advanced to form'loops in each of said pile warp threads, means for reciprocating said needles, and means actuated in synchronism with said means for advancing said needles to loopforming position for severing said loops when the same are fully formed and before said needles move rearwardly. I ROBERT E. WALLISER.

12 A nemancas crrnn The followingreierences are of record in the tile 01' this patent: a

Number FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Oct. 17, 1923