US1561282A - Loom for weaving pile fabrics - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 10, l925- 1,561,282 l R. L. SANDEMAN -LooM FOR wEAvING PILE FABRICS Filed March 11, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 I. I @im o Nov. 10, 1925. 1,561,282

l R. L. SANDEMAN I Loom Fon wEAvING PILE FABRICS Fueduarch 11. 1925 z sheets-sheet 2 Inven-or pana@ Lezfghtan Sandalen by his wtarneya Patented Nov. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES RONALD LEIGI-ITON SANDEMAN, OF BEARSDEN, SCOTLAND.

LOOM FOB WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

Application led March 11, 1925. Serial No. 14,792.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, RONALD LEIGHTON SANDEMAN, a British subject, and a resident of Bearsden, in the county of Dumbarton, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Connection with Looms for iVeaving Pile Fabrics, of which the following is the specification.

The invention relates to looms for weaving cut-pile fabrics-carpets, patterned by any means, or unpatterned-and other fabrics where the pile threads are brought to the fabric as warp ends. The mechanism is of that type in which the raised pile warps are received on stationaryT bladeor hooklike detents.

The invention has for its object to provide improved, simple and effective means for engaging the raised pile warp threads, and for presenting them to the detents so that they are engaged thereby.

These warp-presenting means consist of elements (one for each warp to be operated on) moving with the sley. They may be carried directly upon it or upon a separate member moved in consonance with it, during the period in which the pile loop is being formed, extend downwards between the surface warps, and are adapted each to engage, retain and release its particular thread as required.

The fixed hook-like detents are so positioned that the surface warps, presented by the presenting elements, engage them and pass over and are retained by their (the detents) hook-like ends when beat-up takes place, being left there when the presenting elements retire. The detents may be of the type used in prior detent mechanisms of the kind referred to or may be any convenient variants thereof which will perform the required function. They may be armed with pile-loop cutting devices or any convenient form of such devices may be applied in connection with them.

It is lto be understood that these presenting elements are essentially devices which, when extended between the raised surface warps, engage and retain them at the predetermined time. Their form, the method of and means for their operation, and the manner of their carrying may clearly therefore be very widely varied.

For instance, they may consist of stiff wires arranged vertically with their lower.

ends bent or eccentric and pivoted vertically and side-by-side in a casing above the threads. Within the casing a cam-operated means for oscillating the wires through a suiiicient arc-for instance a bar having slots in it which Aengage cranks formed in the upper parts of the wires, mounted to slide horizontally and transversely in the box, and which is operated by the cam-may be provided for this purpose.

Or such wires may be arranged at an angle other than the vertical. y

Again, wires may be mounted in a rotatable spindle and their lower ends be helicoid arcs entering between the raised surface warps, and of the same pitch, the partial rotation of the spindle causing them to engage and retain the threads.

Or again, helicoid discs may be so mounted on a horizontal spindle.

Illustrative examples of the carrying out of the invention are shown somewhat diagrammatically on two accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings in which Figure l is an end elevation of the lay-out of a form of operating mechanism; Figure 2 a front elevation of a part thereof; Figure 3 a crosssectional elevation to an enlarged scale of a presenting element and its holder; Figures 4 and 5 views in elevation and plan respectively of a form of detent element; while Figures 6 and 7 are views in end elevation and front elevation respectively showing an alternative type of presenting element and the method of mounting same, and Figures 8 and 9 similar views of a third type of presenting element.

1n the example of the lay-out of the operating mechanism shown in Figures 1 and 2, detent elements A (Figures 4 and 5) of blade-lik@l form and provided with knives A1 each lying in a substantially vertical plane and having at their rearward projecting ends upstanding angled fingers A2, are car-l ried by a fixed transverse bar A8 parallel with the breast beam A4 of the loom. Presenting elements B (Figure 3) of stiff wire having their lower ends B1 bent at right angles to their axes are carried side-by-side in a casing B2. On each presenting element a crank B3 is formed and these cranks are engaged by the teeth of a transverse rack B4 also carried in the casing B2. This casing B2 is carried by an angle iron C secured transversely to the sley C1 which carries the usual reed C2 and is so positioned thereof that when the sley is in its forward position the presenting' elements B are above and adjacent to the detent elements A. To one end of the rack B4, and forming an eX- tension thereof, is pivoted a link D the other end of which is pivotally,connected` to one end of a bell-crank lever D1 which lever is pivotally mounted on the angle iron G. The other end of the bell-crank lever Dl is operatively connected by a link D2 to one end of a tappet lever D3 which at the other end is pivoted to a fixed part of the framing. The tappetlever Ds carries a tappet D4 engagged by a cam A spring E in tension between a fixed part of the framing and the forward end of the tappet lever D3 keeps the tappet lever in operative contact with the cam. A

ln operation. when the sley C1, carrying' with it the casing B2, moves to its rearward position (i. e. farthest away from the fell of the cloth) in order to permit the shuttle to be thrown, the lower ends B1 of the presenting: elements B lie parallel with the pile 'arp threads F. These threads F are raised by jacquard or other known means and in. rising7 enter one thread between each adjacent pair of presenting` elements. The contour of the cam D5 is such that it now depresses the tappet lever D3 and, through the link D2, so moves the bell-crank lever D1 that the rack B* is constrained to move in a lateral direction in the casing B2 thereby turning` the presenting elements B until the lower end B1 of each element lies in a direction transverse to the threads F and touches the next adjacent element, thus closing the apertures between the elements and retaining the threads therein. The sley now swings forward and the presentingV elements A bring the threads F into the position shown by the. chain line F1 in Figure l. It will be seen thatthepile warp threads have passed forward to a position in front of the an'ledfinoers A2 on the detent elements A. The cam D5 now releases the pressure on the tappet lever -D3 and the spring1 E by means of the link D2 and the bell-crank lever D1 causes the rack to move in the re'- verse direction, thereby turning` the presenting' elements B until their lower ends lll lie parallel with the threads which 4are now free' to drop clear of the presenting elements. rlhe threads are now lowered and the shuttle is passed, the threads beine' retained, in the form of a loop, on the detent elements A. by the anoled fingers A2. The

. shoot of weft is then beaten up. thus binding' the loops in the usual way. These loops travel in succession alone' the detent eleelement A. owing' to the uptake of the cloth, until they encounter the knives A1 and by them are cut, thus forming; a cut pile fabric.

In the example shown in Figures 6 and 7,` the presenting elements B have their lower ends B1 in the forni of helicoid arcs and the elements are mounted side by side in a spindle G. In using this construct-ion,

the spindle G is mounted on the sley Cl (Figures l and 2)' in place of the casing C2 and a partial rotary movement is given to the spindle by a cam mechanism. This partial rotation of the spindle causes the lower ends B1 of the presenting elements l to engage and retain the threads F. Then partial rotation in the reverse direction frees the threads when they are in position over the detent elements A.

The' example shown in Figures 8 and f) only differs from the previous example in that the presenting elements l5 are in the form of helicoid discs mounted on the spindle G.

That I claim .is

l. In looms for making,l pile fabrics, a sley, loop or tutt-forming mechanism comprising` a set of detent elements in combination with a set of coacting' present-ing elements carried by and participating in the movements of the sley during the period in which the pile loops are being formed, and means to impart to said presenting elements movements independent of those participated in with the sley to cause said presenting elements each to engage, retain and release its particular thread and place it on a detent element.

2.111 looms for making pile fabrics, a sley, and loop or tuft'-formingmechanism comprising a set of detent elements in combination with a set of coacting presenting elements carried by and adapted to more in consonance with the sley during the period in which the pile loops are being formed, and means to impart to said pre'- sentine elements oscillatory movements independent of the movements participated in with the sley to cause the presenting' ele` ments each to engage, retain and'release its particular thread and place it on a detent element.

3. ln looms for making' pile fabrics, a sley, and loop or tuft forining mechanism comprising' a set of detent elements in com'- bination with a set of coactine' presenting` elements carried by and bodily movable with the sley during` the period in which the pile loops are being;` formed, and means including` a cam for imparting to said pre'- sentinc' elements movements of partial rotation independent of their bodily movements to cause said presenting' elements each to engage, retain and release its particular thread and place it on a detent element.

4. In looms for making pile fabrics, a sley, and loop or tuft-forming' mechanism comprising' a set of detent elements in com'- bination with a set of coacting presentingr elements adapted to move in consonance llO with the sley during` the period in which the pile loops are being` formed7 and means adapted to cause the presenting elemeniis each to engage, retain and release its particular thread and place it on a detent element, said means comprising e crank on each presenting element, a, rack erliggyagiillf;`

these cranks7 and :L Cain-operated lever adapted to give lateral movement to the rack. 1e

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

RONALD LEIGHTON SANDEMAN.

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