US2468572A - Loom for weaving pile fabrics - Google Patents

Description

April 26, 1949.

Filed July 29, 1947 LOOM Foa wEAvING PILUFABRICS W. T. PICKING 4 Sheets-Sheet l 1am... www? //f ATTORNEY.

April 26, 1949. w. T. PICKING 2,468,572

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS INVEN TOR pril 26, 1949. w, 're PicKlNG LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICSL Filed July 29, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 xNvENToR /f/S ATTORNEY April 26, 1949. w. T. PlcKlNG LOQM FOR WEAVING PILE FABR'ICS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 29, -1947 FIG. 5.

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IN VE N TOF? Patented Apr. 26, l1949 LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS William Thomas Picking, Kidderminster, England Application July 29, 1947, Serial No. 764,309 In Great Britain May 30, 1946 Claims.

This invention relates to looms for weaving pile fabrics of the kind wherein the pile threads are brought to the fabric as warp ends, and in which the pile threads are raised above the other warp ends whether the fabric is plain or patterned, whether the pattern is formed by jacquard or other mechanism, or whether the pattern is formed by pile threads which are specially printed or coloured either before or after weaving.

Further, the invention can be applied to looms in which only one shuttle or one needle is employed, or to looms in which two shuttles or two needles are employed.

The loom forming the subject of the present application provides a means whereby a method of weaving can be carried out, wherein the pile warps are raised, looped over the pile wires, and lowered again to a position which permits a shot of weft to be inserted above the pile warps so that one complete row of one or more shot fabric is produced during one complete (forward and backward) movement of the beat-up sley, or one complete row of three or more shot fabric, is produced during two complete movements of the sley.

In this method of Weaving during each complete (forward and backward) movement of the beat-up sley it is necessary for the pile warps to make a complete up-and-down movement. During the same period the binding chains move only from the lowest to the highest position, or vice versa. Thus, the pile warps are required to be moved at approximately double the speed as hitherto and in practice this is inconvenient and leads to difculties and places much increased strain on the raising and lowering gear for the pile warps. For instance where the up-and-down movement of the pile warps is produced by means of rollers operating on cams the cam gear is required to operate at such high speed that the roller tends to leave the cam. Further, the harness employed for raising and loweringthe pile warps is liable to become unfastened due to the quick jerking action which is imparted to it.

One of the objects of the present invention is to overcome this difficulty. Further objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

According to the present invention, in a loom of the kind described and in which the beat-up sley on its backward movement moves behind the rear ends of the pile wires the rear ends of the pile wires are lowered and raised between the time when the beat-up sley has passed the rear ends of the pile wires on its forward movement and before it passes to the rear of the rear ends of the pile wires on its backward movement.

Also according to the present invention in a loom of the kind described the pile warps are looped over longitudinal pile wires, and the rear ends of the pile wires are lowered and raised between the time when the beat-up sley has passed the rear ends of the pile wires on its forward movement and before it passes to the rear of the rear ends of the pile wires on its backward movement. Further, I use short pile wires the rear ends of which are in front of the dents of the beat-up sley when in its backward position, and the means for moving the pile warps laterally are wholly disposed behind the rear ends of the pile wires throughout the weaving operation.

The pile wires may have their rear ends disposed in an upwardly-projecting position, and the pile warps may be moved laterally and lowered below the tops of said rear ends, the backward movement of the beat-up sley then uncovering the rear ends of the pile wires so as to allow of free access to the newly-formed pile loops.

The means for moving the pile warps laterally may consist of a single reed disposed behind the beat-up sley, and this reed may have a forwardand-backward movement. The beat-up sley and the reed may be mounted on the same moving unit, the reed being disposed in spaced relationship behind the beat-up sley.

The forward end portions of the pile wires for a substantial length thereof may t closely into slots in a plate and may be pressure clamped between a bar on the breast beam and a clamping bar secured thereto.

The pile wires may be secured on the breast beam, which is movably mounted, means being provided to move the breast beam so as to lower the rear end portions of the pile wires between the raised pile warps when the beat-up sley is in or near its forward position and the pile warps are raised for looping over the rear ends of the pile wires. The binding warps are in the middle position at this time.

The pile wires are preferably mounted on the breast beam, which is pivoted on an axis parallel to its length, and means are provided for rocking the breast beam through a limited angle about said axis so as to lower and raise the rear end portions of the pile wires while the pile warps are looped over them.

With the arrangement proposed by the present invention the length of travel upwardly and downwardly of the pile warps is so far reduced that the speed of their movement is normal and not materially in excess of the speed used for existing looms of this type.

Further, when looping the pile warps over the ends of the wires and lowering them it sometimes happens that a pile warp will get caught on the rear end of a pile wire. With the arrangement at present proposed the wires are relatively short and their rear ends have a downward-andupward movement, and if a pile warp becomes. hung up on the rear end of one of the pile wires it is still low enough to enable a shot of weft to pass above it and the hung-up pile warp is released by the beat-up sley on its next forwardmovement.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a front View of a loom constructed in accordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fgure l;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but shows the breast beam carrying the pile wires tilted so as to lower the rear end portions of the wiresk bem low the raised pile warps;

Figure e is a view which is similar to Figure 2 but shows the beat-up sley in its backward position and shows the breast beam returned to its original position;

Figure 5 is a sectional view in side elevation showing the breast beam, the pile wires and the methodl of supporting them;

Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a pile wire, a severing knife for the pile loops and the slotted plate;

Figure 7 is a sectional view showing one form of the fabric which can be made in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 8 is a sectional view showing another form of fabric which can be made in accordance with the present invention.

The pile wires lll each have their rear end portions Il bent upwardly, and at the extreme rear end each is provided with an upward proiec'tion i2. These pile wires are short and consequently they are stiff and not likely to bend laterally. Further, the pile wires lll extend between the dents ld of the beat-up sley when in its forward position but they are disposed wholly in front of the beat-up sley when the latter is in its rearward position.

Means are provided for moving the pile warps it when raised laterally over the tops of the projections I2, and such means in the present construction take the form of a single reed l5, the dents of which can either be moved from side to side by mounting their ends in rails I6 which can slide in the supporting structure I1 or which are laterally flexible and can be bent sideways to move the pile warps laterally, or which are provided with curved portions for deflecting the pile warps laterally as they are raised and lowered.

Each of the pile wires l@ is mounted in a slot i3 formed between the ribs I9 on the underside of a plate 2U. The depth of the material forming the pile wires is slightly greater' than the depth of the material of the plate where the ribs i9 are formed. The plate 29 is placed on a shouldered bar 2l mounted on the breast beam 3d, and this bar 2l is shouldered, as shown` at 23, to accommodate the ribs I9. The plate 2D is secured by screws Z4 to the underside of a channel-section clamping bar 25, and this clamping bar 25 is secured by screws 2t to the shouldered bar 2l. With this arrangement, as the pile wires are.` slightly deeper than the ribs I9 1hey are '4 firmly gripped for a substantial part of their length at their front ends in the slots I8.

Each pile wire may be slotted longitudinally at the top, as shown at 21, and engaging in each of these slots is a severing knife 28 the forward end of which engages in one of a series of slots 29 in the rear edge of the plate 2li. These knives are for severing the pile loops as the fabric is moved forwardly by the take-up roller 3B.

The breast beam 34 carries the breast plate 22 having the usual strip 35 for supporting the fabric, and at its ends the breast beam 34 is provided with trunnions 3l upon which are fixed levers 32. These levers project downwardly and have links 33 connected to their lower ends. These links are reciprocated by a cam or the like mounted on one of the shafts of the loom, such for instance as the primary cam shaft, with the result that the structure to which the pile wires are attached is rocked about the axis of the trunnions 3l. This rocking movementv has the effect of lowering (see Figure 3) and raising (see Figure 2) the rear ends of the pile wires.

The trunnions SI are supported in bearings 3tlattached to the loom frame 35.

Preferably, the lowering movement is imparted to they rear ends of the pile wires approximately as the beat-up sley reaches its forward position. The effect of this is to lower the rear ends of the pile wires between the raised pile warps ill while the pile warps are looped over their upper ends and lowered. The breast beam may be rocked back into its original positionto raise the rear ends of the pile wires at the commencement of the return movement of the beat-up sley or when the sley has made any desired part of its backward movement.

Figure 7 shows one form of fabric, a two shot weave, which can be made on the loom described. Inv this fabric a rowr of pile loops is formed, and the binding chains 8 are crossed at each complete movement of the beat-up sley. .The stuffers are shown at 9; Y

Figure 8 illustrates another form of fabric which can be woven upon the improved loom. In

this fabricv a rowy of pile loops is formed during one complete movement of the sley, and the binding warps are crossed over during the next complete movement of the sley. The fabric is a four shot fabric, and each complete row of the fabric is formed during two complete beats of the sley. If required, one of the lower shots of weft may be omitted, in a manner well known, making a three shot fabric in which a complete cycle of operations is performed at every two complete beats of the sley.

In carrying the present invention into effect it is necessary to provide co-ordinated driving gear for the beat-up sley and the means for raising and lowering the pile warps and the means for inserting the weft. This driving gear may take any suitable form, such for instanceA as that disclosed in my British specification No. 570,377.

As regards the means for reciprocating the rail l5, in the present construction the rail lo moves with the beat-up sley, whereas the operating gear for the rail It does not have this movement. The operating gear, which is similar to that described in my British specification No. 570,377, incorporates a push-rod 36 sliding in a bearing 3l, and the adjacent end of the rail It moves into a position opposite the end of the push-rod 36 when the rail I6 is to be moved. The rail l5 is provided with a spring 38- to return it to its original position. f

What I claim then is:

1. A loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising a beat-up sley having a backwards and forwards movement, longitudinally arranged pile wires the rear ends of which are disposed behind the beat-up sley when in its forward position and in front of the beat-up sley when in its rearward position, means for raising and lowering the pile warps and for looping them over the rear ends of the pile wires, said pile raising and lowering and looping means and said beat-up sley operating so that the pile warps are raised loopedover the rear ends of the pile wires and lowered again to a position permitting of the insertion of an upper shot of weft during one complete (forward and backward) movement of the beatup sley, said pile wires being mounted so that their rear ends can be lowered and raised, and means for lowering and raising the rear ends of the pile wires between the time when the beatup sley has passed the rear ends of the pile wires on its forward movement and before it passes to the rear of the rear ends of the pile wires on its backward movement.

2. A loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising a loom frame, a beat-up sley having a backwards and forwards movement, longitudinally-arranged pile wires the rear ends of which are disposed behind the beat-up sley when in its forward position and in front of the beat-up sley when in its rearward position, a breast beam, means for securing the forward ends of the pile wires to the breast beam, trunnions at opposite ends of the breast beam, bearings on the loom frame supporting said trunnions, levers fixed on said trunnions, means for oscillating said levers so as to rock the breast beam and cause the rear ends of the pile wires to be lowered and raised once during each complete movement of the beat-up sley, and means for raising and lowered the pile warps and for looping them over the rear ends of the pile wires.

3. A loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising a loom frame, a beat-up sley having a backwards and forwards movement, longitudinally-arranged pile wires the rear ends of which are disposed behind the beat-up sley when in its forward position and in front of the beat-up sley when in its rearward position, means for raising and lowering the pile warps and for looping them over the rear ends of the pile wires, a breast beam, means for securing the forward ends of the pile wires to the beast beam, said breast beam being pivotally mounted on the loom frame, and means for oscillating the breast beam.

4. A loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising a loom frame, a beat-up sley having a backwards and forwards movement, longitudinally-arranged pileV wires the rear ends of which are disposed behind the beat-up sley when in its forward position and in front of the beat-up sley when in its rearward position, means for raising and lowering the pile warps and for looping them over the rear ends of the pile Wires, a breast beam, means for securing the forward ends of the pile wires to the breast beam, said breast beam being pivotally mounted on the loom frame, and means for oscillating the breast beam between I'the time when the beat-up sley has passed the rear ends ofthe pile wires on its forward stroke and before it passes the rear ends of the pile wires on its backward stroke.

5. A loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising a beat-up sley having a backwards and forwards movement, longitudinally arranged pile wires the rear ends of which are disposed behind the beatup sley when in its for-ward position and in front of the beat-up sley when in its rearward position, means for raising and lowering the pile warps and for looping them over the rear ends of the pile wires, said pile raising and lowering and looping means and said beat-up sley operating so that the pile warps are raised loopedover the rear ends of the pile wires and lowered again to a position permitting of the simultaneous insertion of shots of weft above and below the pile warps during one complete (forward and backward) movement of the beat-up sley, said pile wires being mounted so that their rear ends can be lowered and raised, and means for lowering and raising the rear ends of the pile wires between the time when the beat-up sley has passed the rear ends of the pile wires on its forward movement and before it passes to the rear of the rear ends of the pile wires on its backward movement.

WILLIAM THOMAS PICKING.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 730,438 Dornan June 9, 1903 733,434 Shinn July 14, 1903 2,057,615 Hall Oct. 13, 1936 2,414,064 Schulz Jan. 7, 1947

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