US1783994A

US1783994A - Needle loom

Info

Publication number: US1783994A
Application number: US242342A
Authority: US
Inventors: Francis E Ashton
Original assignee: ABERFOYLE Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: ABERFOYLE Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1927-12-24
Filing date: 1927-12-24
Publication date: 1930-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 1947-12-09

Description

F. E. ASHTON Dec. 9, 1930.

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 ll Sheets-Sheet l w Lw INVENTOR. fiancz'sEAshion,

WITNES 5 Dec. 9, 1930. F. E. ASHTON NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. E-

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INVENTOR: Funds E Ask fan,

ATTORNEY- F. E. ASHTON Dec. 9, 1930.

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec 24 1927 ll Sheets-Sheet WJTNESSES:

INVENTOR: fi-anais'flflshion,

ATTORNEY.

F. E ASHTON Dec. 9, 1930.

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 IN VEN TOR fiancis flAshion,

MUTNESSES:

, ATTORNEY.

ec. 9, 1930. F. E. ASHTON 3,783,994

" NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 i1 Sheets-Sheet 5 1% TIE--5- INVENTOR:

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ATTORNEY 1 0- F; EJASHTON 1,783,994

NEEDLE LOOM Filed De c. 24, 1927 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 I N VEN TOR A. I ATTORNEY Dec. 9, 1930. F, E, ASHT N 1,783,994

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 11 sheets-sheet 7 mmvrox; fiancisEAs/fian,

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, ATTOI-QNEIY.

Dec. 9, 1930. ASHTON 1,783,994

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR:

171M613 E/lshion,

. ATTORNEY Dec. 9, 1930. ASHTON 1,783,994

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 ll Sheets-Sheet l0 WITNESSES-T INVENTOR: 0f 6 fiaucis EAsiflon, 7

Dec. 9, 1930. F. E. ASHTON 1,783,994

NEEDLE LOOM Filed Dec. 24, 1927 11 Sheets-Sheet 11 i WITNESSIS? INVENTOR:

d ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 9, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OF FKIE FRANCIS E. ASHTON, or CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 'ro ABERFOYLE MANU- rAcrnmNe coMrANY, or CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or PENN- SYLVANIA NEEDLE LOOK Application filed December 24, 1927. Serial No. 242342.

This invention relates to a loom for weaving. i

The conventional loom of today has a warp beam which provides the warp threads which are alternately raised and lowered by theharness to provide the required sheds into which the weft threads are woven. The loom has a shuttle box on each side of the same to and from which shuttles are passed by picker I0 sticks ordinarily actuated by cam mechanisms. These shuttle boxes are movable vertically to throw the different shuttles into position where theselected one is directly 1n line with the warp shed and such boxes are usually limited to from four to six shuttles for speedy operation. The shuttles are passed back and forth through the shed'of the Warp and carry bobbins each of which has a different color of thread wound. thereon.

These bobbins are generally wound. from cones onto which conditioned thread has been previously wound and, in ordinary practlce, carry about 1/25th to 1/40th of the amount of thread carried by the usual cone. The

shuttles must be carefully packed with felt or other soft material which exerts a retarding action on the thread on the bobbin and prevents it from feeding therefrom in loops or in any greater quantity than desired.

These bobbins, on account of the small amount of thread which they carry, are required to be changed quite frequently so that there is great likelihood of defects in the cloth a at the ends of these weft threads. The changing of bobbins also requires the stopping of the loom which reduces the output.

The object of. this invention is to provide an improved loom for weaving;

Another object of the invention is to provide a loom which is highly efiicient; has fewer and simpler parts and by'the use of which the cost of producing cloth is materially reduced.

, Another object is to provide a loom in which there are no shuttles, shuttle boxes or picker mechanism.

Another object 's to provide a loom in which any desired number of colors of weft threads may beused without reducing the speed of operation of the loom.

are cut.

Another object of my invention isto provide a loom by the use of which the cost of winding bobbins ,is eliminated.

Another object of my invention is to eliminate shuttles and shuttle boxes, thereby not only saving the initial cost thereof but also the cost of maintenance.

Another object of my invention is to provide a weaving loom which will have a greater output or a given period of time by reason of its continuous operation without the necessity of stopping the loom to replace bobbins in the shuttles.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved weaving loom in which the weft threads are supplied from an exterior and stationary source which may be replenished without stopping the loom.

Another object is to provide novel means to produce a selvage edge where the weft threads are severed.

Another object of my invention'is to provide a weaving loom which is practically noiseless in operation.

Another object of my invention is to provide a Weaving loom which will be safer in operation and by the reason of the elimination of shuttles and shuttle boxes will eliminate the attendant dan er from flying shut- .which conveys the looped thread to the center of the shed where it is received by a needle and carried to the other side of the shed at which point it is cut by suitable cutting means which also acts as a stop mechanism actuator when the weft thread is wanting, means for actuating the carrier and needle, and means for producing a selvage edge at the side of the cloth where the weft threads The drawings illustrate an embodiment of my invention and the views therein are as follows Figure 1 is a front view of an improved loom,

Figure 2 is an elevational view from the left end of the loom with the top, pattern chain, harness and other parts omitted,

Figure 3 is a partial section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2. v

Figure 4 is a partial vertical section on the line 44 of Figure 3, looking in the direction of the arrows,

Figure 5 is a plan view of the right side of the loom with a portion of the front broken out and shows the arrangement of the weft cones and feed therefrom,

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on the line 66 of Figure 5, and looking in the direction of the arrows,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 1 and shows the means for severing the weft thread and releasing it from the needle and means for stopping the loom when the weft thread is omitted from the shed,

Figure 8 is a horizontal section taken on line 8-8 of Figure 1 and shows the operative mounting for the carrier which is identical with the mounting for the needle,

Figure 9 is a partial plan of the loom with the center removed and shows the weft thread cutter and stop motion mechanism carried by the breast-beam,

Figure 10 is an enlarged detail front view of lthe selvage shuttle mounted on the hand rai Figure 11 is a vertical section of the same taken through the hand rail,

Figure 12 is a vertical section taken on the line 12-12 of Figure 10, looking in the direction of the arrows, and in addition shows the main shed, the selvage shed and heddles therefor,

Figure 13 is a top plan view of the selv'age shuttle,

Figure 14 is a top plan view of a section of cloth showing the manner in which the selvage edge is woven,

Figure 15 is a top plan view of the needle, Figure 16 is a side view of the same, Figure 17 is a top plan view of the carrier, Figure 18 is a side view of the same, Figure 19 is a front end view of the needle, Figure 20 is a side view showing the carrier and needle in position of intimate relation and with a weft thread carried under the needle so that upon the separation of the carrier and needle, the thread will be retained by the latter, v Figure 21 is a partial end view of the car: rier guide showing the carrier mounted there- Figure 22 is a perspective view of one of the bifurcated swivel clamps which engage tilie levers for actuating the carrier and nee- Figure 23 is a like view of the swivel mounting,

Figure 24 is a vertical section on the line AA of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Like parts in each of the figures of the drawings are characterized by like reference symbols.

The loom has a frame 30, arches 31, dobby 32, pattern cylinder 32, breast-beam 33, hand rail 34, lay 35, reed 35, swords 36 for carrying the lay and hand rail, temples 37 pulley 37, and shipper handle 38. These parts are arranged in the usual and customary manner and operate exactly the same as in the conventional loom.

The pulley is provided with a gear 39 I Needle and carrier Figures 15, 16 and 19 show a needle 45. such as is adapted for use on this improved loom and Figures 17 and 18 show a carrier while Figure 20 shows the manner in which the needle and carrier cooperate to lay the weft threads.

The needle and carrier comprise the subject-matter ofa separate application by this applicant which is executed and filed on even date herewith, and which bears Ser. No. 242,341.

The needle has a threaded shank-i8 which is secured in the end of a rod 49, and the carrier also has a threaded shank 48, which is secured in the end of a rod 51. The mounting of the

rods

49 and 51 is identical so that the detail mechanism for the carrier only has been shown.

The rod 51 is suitably mounted between upper and lower slide bars 52 which are provided at the rear end with a suitable spacing block 53 and at the front end with a spacing block 54 which has a bushing 56 in which the rod 51 is adapted to slide. This bushing may be replaced from time to time as the same wears by unscrewing the set screw and drawing the same over the carrier. The blocks 53 and 54 are each provided with an eye bolt 57 which has a lock nut 58 thereon for securing the eye of the bolt at the required distance from the block after it has been properly adjusted. A rod 59 extends between and passes through the eyes of the eye bolts 57 and its ends are threaded and provided with nuts 61 on each side of each eye and these nuts embrace the eye and clamp the rod securely in place. The rear end of the rod 51 is mounted in a cross-head 62 which slides the rod 59 passes by a sliding fit so that said cross-head may move along the same and be guided thereby. On its other side the crosshead 62 is provided with a plate 64 which engages the outer faces of the bars 52 which plate tends to prevent lateral movement of cross-head on the rod 51. A bolt 66 extends into the cross-head on the same side as the plate 64 and through saidplate, and this bolt is provided with a lock nut 67 for positioning the same and securing it against rotation. A link 68 is pivotally mounted at its upper end between said nut and the head of said bolt. This mechanism is clearly shown in Figure 8 and the mounting of the needleis exactly the same as that described except that the parts are in reverse position.

. These slide bars 52 are mounted on extensions on each end of the lay 35 and the needle g and carrier extend toward the center of the loom and have ,a common center.

The carrier 50 is provided with bifurcated arms 69, as shown in Figure 17, and each arm is provided with a slot 70, as shown in Figure 18.

The needle hasa lower lip 71'which is provided with a central recess 7 2 extending a short distance inward from the end of the same, and said needle has an overhanging shoulder 73. Extendin from the center of this shoulder is a hook 74' and the retracted end of this hook lies within the recess 72 on the selector.

Needle and caw'z'er operating mechanism Near each end of the drive shaft 42 .is a drum 76 which has a continuous cam ridge 7 7'surrounding the same and this cam is provided with dwells 78 for retaining the needle and carrier in their retracted positions while thewarp shed is being changed by the dobby and the weft is beaten into the fell of the cloth. A standard 79 is mounted near the end of the pedestal 26 and is provided at its upper end with a bar 81 which extends toward the loom frame and is bent at right angles near the inner end thereof and its downward- 1y turned end is fastened to an upright 82 secured to the loom frame by bolts 83. A slide bar 84 is slidably mounted in a square hole in a bracket 86 secured to the upright 82 and in a square hole in the angle bracket 87 secured to theouter end of the bar 81.and standard 79. This slide-bar 84 has a cam follower consisting of a plate 88pivotally mounted thereon by a pin 89 and the plate 15 provlded with a pair of idle rolls .91 which are spaced to admit the cam ridge 77 between the same so that upon the rotation of the cam drum 76, the rolls91 and plate 88 will follow the said cam, and the slide bar 84 will be moved to and fro in the holes of the

brackets

86 and 87. The pivotal pin 89 will permit the easy operation of the follower. The slide bar 84 is provided with a depending leg 92 at the lower end of which is a horizontally disposed pin 93 which extends under the bar 81 and pivotally. connects with one end of a link 94 whose other end is pivotally connected at 96 to a lever 97 and this lever is pivotally connected at its upper end. to the link 68 which is in turn pivotally secured to the cross-head 62 which operates in the slide bars 52. An angle bracket 98 is mounted at a position near the center of the bar 81 and this bracket has an extending flange to which a swivel bracket 99 is securely fixed. This swivel bracket has a depending leg 101 which has holes 102 therethrough for securing it'to the angle bracket by bolts passing through said holes and said swivel bracket has a main body portion 103 having a hole 104 for receiving a pin 106 extendin outwardv 97 fits between the bifurcations of this swivel and is pivotally mounted therein. The pivotal mounting of pin 106 permits the lever to be readily. moved backward and forward as the lay is moved by the swords to beat the weft into the fell of the cloth.

The cam drums 76 may be so arranged on the drive shaft 42 that the needle may operate a trifle behind the carrier, or vice versa, so that the needle engages the carrier at the moment it is changing or immediately after it changes its direction of travel. This will prevent any excessive tension or strain on the weft thread during the transfer from the car rier to the needle.

One revolution of the cams provides two complete operations of'the needle and carrier and consequently two piles of weft thread.

Selective mechanism for weft threads On the right hand side of the loom frame as viewed from the front thereof, a platform 108 is suitably mounted, and this platform is provided with a plurality of'uprights for supporting any required number of cones 109 which carry the weft threads. These cones are arranged in rows and the cones of each row are staggered in relation to the cones of the adjacent rows and each row is provided with an arched thread guide 111 over which the thread from the cones is drawn. These thread guides may be of different heights to insure no interference between the threads of the several cones. The weft threads which are drawn from the cones pass through eyelets in the guide plate 112'which is positioned vertically between the arches31, and after passing through these eyelets, the weft threads pass through eyelets in the guide I plate 113 and through eyelets in the guide plate 114, both of which latter named guide plates are horizontally disposed. After weft threads have passed through the thread guide 114 they pass through a vertical guide plate -115 which, is secured to the loom frame and these threads pass through said guide horizontally and each of the same passes through an eyelet 117 in an individually operated heddle 118. The weft threads then pass through a wire guide 119 and from thence to the selvage edge on the right hand side of the cloth The heddles are suitably supported by heddle straps 121 which in turn are connected to the jack wires which pass over the pulleys 122 and are each connected with their respective jack 123 which is operated by the dobby32 through the pattern chain 124 oirtlie pattern.

- threads pass in close proximity to the right hand side of the shed formed by the warp threads which have been designated as 128 and 129 and the selected weft thread 131 will lie directly in the path of the carrier and against the fingers of the carrier which act as a stop or limit to the upward movement of the selected thread.

It will, of course, be understood that the selection of the single Weft thread, one of which is shown in position to be engaged by the carrier, and which thread has been characterized by the numeral 131 in Figure 6. will be controlled entirely from the pattern chain acting through the dobby which operates the :required jack to raise the heddle carrying the selected color of thread. The other seven threads (in this particular instance where eight weft threads are shown) will be disposed below the path of travelof the carrier and consequently will remain idle until such time as one or another of the same is selected for the weft by the pattern chain. The wire guide 119 has its looped end disposed at an angle in order to draw the weft threads close together and confine them within. a small area so that they can be readily engaged by the carrier when selected and elevated to aposition to be engaged thereby.

The platform may be of any desired size and consequently any. reasonable number of colors of weftthreads may be employed in a single pattern of cloth woven by this improved loom.

The stop motion, mechanism The drive shaft 42 is provided with a cam 132 which operates a bell crank 133 whose upper end 134 normally extends into a recess 136 on the latch 137. This cam is so shaped as to provide two actuations of the bell crank 1 for each revolution of the shaft 42.

The latch 137 is pivotally mounted at the inner end and between the open sides of a slide 138 and at the inner end thereof by means of a pivoting screw 139. The screw is securely fixed in the latch which tilts when the screw is turned. This pivoting screw extends outward from the right hand side of the slide and a knife 141 is securely fixed thereon by means of suitable lock nuts. The slide is mounted on the breast-beam 33 between suitable guides 140 and is provided with a recess 142 near its outer end into which the end of a rocker arm 143 extends. This rocker arm is secured at its other end to a shaft 144 which extends across and is journaled in brackets 146 on each side of the loom. This shaft is provided on the end opposite to that en 134 of the bell crank travels in the recess 7 14 U in the slide when the latch is tilted to raise the back wall 148 out of the path of the upper end of said bell crank as it is moved to and fro by the cam 132. This device is for the purpose of stopping the machine in case aweft thread is not engaged by the carrier 50 and carried through the warp shed. Its absence permits the latch to remain stationary and its back wall is then engaged by the upper end of the bell crank.

Its operation is as follows In Figure 9 the needle is shown in its retracted position and the weft thread is engaged and held thereby. The weft is indicated by the numeral 151. As the reed carried by the lay and hand rail moves forward to beat the weft into the fell of the cloth, the weft thread is pressed against the knife 141 which tilts downward and rocks the latch 137 raising the end wall 148 above the path of the upper end of the rocker arm 134. The cam 132 is so positioned on the drive shaft 42 so that it will operate the bell crank to move the upper end thereof at the same instant that the weft thread 151 strikes against the knife 141 and tilts the latch upward to clear the path for the upper end of the bell crank so that it will pass unobstructed through the recess 149. In case the weft thread is omitted for any reason there is nothing to tilt the latch 137 so that upon the actuation of the bell crank 133 by the cam 132 the upper end of said bell crank "will strike against the rear wall'148 of the latch and will move the slide and latch outward, thereby rocking the rocker arm 143 and rotating the shaft 144 which in turn rocks the lever 147 causing it 'to strike against the pivoted trip 152 and move the shipper handle out of its locking groove 153 whereupon said shipper which is formed of spring metal will spring outward and stop the loom.

Sel'vage weaving mechanism It will be understood that the tiltingof the latch 137 and knife 141 will have a fixed limit and when that limit has been reached, the beating of the weft threadinto the fell of the cloth will exert suflicient pressure on the weft thread to press it against the knife to sever it and disengage it from the .needle thereby leaving in each instance two loose weft threads. It is therefore desirable that some form of binding be placed along this edge of the cloth, and to accomplish this purpose a separate selvage weaving mechanism is "applied to the loom.

Figures 10, 11 and 12 show the arrange-' ent of this selvage mechanism which is mounted on the hand rail 34. The hand rail is provided at its upper end and at the side nearest the stop motion with a slot 154 which extends into a longitudinal recess 156. Within this recess is a sliding rack 157 which is reci-procated by a pin 158 extending through the slot 154. On the bottom of the hand rail are a pair ofshuttle guides 159 and 161 which are so positioned that the desired number of warp threads (in this case eight) are in line with the space between the same. The shuttle guides fit in the slots 162 and each of the same have a pair of pinions 163 which mesh at all times with'the rack 157 which is located at their upper ends and their lower ends extend into longitudin'aLslots or runways 164 in the lower part of said guides. The pinions of the-

guides

159 and 161 alternately mesh with the rack 166 on the shuttle 167 which is passed to and fro by the operation of said pinions by the rack 157.

The selvage shuttle is shown in Figure 13 and has an arch 165 in which a spool of thread 160 is rotatably mounted. The thread from this spool is fed through the tension devices 170 and through the eyelet 165' and woven back and forth through an auxiliary shed formed by a given-number of Warp threads on the edge of the cloth. In the present instance eight threads are shown, four of which are alternately raised and lowered. The spool 160 is prevented from spinning by means of a tension device 175'which exerts pressure against the same so that the selvage thread 17.0 is kept taut and, as it moves with the hand rail, the beating of the same into Mechanism for operating the salvage shuttle- A bracket 168 (see Figures 2 and 4) is secured to the frame and this bracket is pro- I Vided with a pin on whicha swinging lever 169 is pivoted. This bar is provided with I a small roller 171 which acts as a cam follower and engages a cam, 172 secured on the main shaft 42. This swinging lever is pivotally connected at its front end by a suitable connection to a link 173 which is in turn connected to a rocker arm 174 pivotally mounted on the pin 176 extending out from the lay 35.

This rocker arm beside having theogee offset 177, as shown in Figure 2, is curved to substantially right angles as shown at 178 in Figure 1, and the lower end thereof is pro-- .vided with a series of holes for adjustably attaching the link 173 thereto. The upper end of the rocker arm 174 is fastened to a bar 179 which is in turn pivotally mounted at 181 to a collar 182 on the pin 158 so that the rack 157 is reciprocated by the action of the cam 172. The shuttle guides 159 and 161, as before stated, are positioned so that the space included between the same-corresponds with the width of selvage to be formed. In the present instance, the selvage is formed by using eight warp threads but the number is of course optional. However, for the pur poses of convenience, the operation will be described in connection with the use of eight warp threads.

The warp threads which are to be used for forming the selvage are not carried by the main heddles but the alternate threads are carried in two

separate selvage heddles

183 and 184 which are separately carried by the selvage levers 186 and 187 respectively.

These levers are pivotally mounted at their inner ends on a bar 188 secured to the front arch and the heddles are operated from the jacks 123 by means of jack wires 189 passing over idle pulleys 191 carried on a bracket 192 which is secured to the front arch, and

these jack wires. are fastened to said heddles intermediate their ends and are alternately raised and lowered.

Figure 12 will serve to illustrate the mannerin which the selvage shuttle is operated in the auxiliary shed. The main shed is represented as formed by the

warp threads

128 and 129 and halfof the selvage warp threads are alternatelv raised and lowered so that the raised threads, which are indicated by the numeral 193,"will, with the raised warps 128, form an auxiliary shed through which the selvage shuttle passes each time a weft strand is fed through the main shed. Of course the weft thread also passes through the auxiliary shed and weaves through the warp threads forming the same.

a formed for receiving a weft thread.

Of course the selvage heddles could be operated by cams 011 the main drive shaft.

Figure 14 illustrates a section of the cloth and shows the manner in which the selvage edge is woven. The free ends 194 are caused by the knife 141 which severs the weft loop in order to release the same from the needle. WVhen the clothis completely woven this edge may be singed in order to burn off these lose ends, whereupon the cloth will present a smooth finished appearance and the outer Warp threads will be securely bound to the body of the cloth by the selvage weaving.

Operation of the Zoom Assuming that it is desired to weave a cloth having a pattern which involves eight weft colors, the cones containing the required colors are placed upon the uprights on the platform 108 and the threads therefrom are drawn through the eyelets in the guide plate 112, thence through the eyelets in the

guide plates

113, 114 and 115, thence threaded through their respective heddles 118, thence between the lay 35 and rail 34 and their ends are attached to the edge of the cloth in any suitable manner such as by tying.

Assuming that the warp threads (which may be single, or double as shown) have been threaded from the warp beam through the eyelets of their respective heddles and the pattern chain has been placed upon the pat-- tern cylinder, the machine is now ready for operation.

The shipper handle 38 which is formed of spring metal is pulled toward the warp until it rests in the locking groove 153. This action shifts the belt on the pulley 37 so that the gear 39 is set in motion and this gear rotates the gear 41 which in turn rotates the drive shaft 42. The cam pulleys 76 being secured on the drive shaft are rotated and the follower 88 will move along the cam ridge 77="'so as to push the slide bar 84 outward in the

brackets

86 and 87, Thismovement of the slide bar which carries the depending leg 92 will push the link 94 s as to operate the lever-97 to move the needle and carrier respectively towards the center of the Warp shed.

Previous, however, to the movement of the A selector and needle, the pattern chain has operated one of the heddles 118 and has raised the warp threadof selected color to a position directly in line with the path of travel of the carrier which, upon actuation, carries the same to the approximate center of the shed and delivers it to the needle which has moved to that point simultaneously with the said carrier. The engagement of the carrier and needle and the delivery of the thread from the former to the latter is illustrated in Figure 20.-

As the needle 45 is being retracted from the shed, the selvage shuttle is operated through the auxiliary selvage warp in order to lay a selvage stitch immediately behind the Weft thread which is still retained by the needle. As soon as the needle 45 has been fully retracted, the lay and hand rail carrying the reed are swung forward on their swords 36 in order to beat the weft into the fell of the cloth. The weft thread thus pushed forward will strike against the knife 141 and tilt the same to raise the latch 137 so that the bell crank end 134 operated by,

the cam 132 on the drive shaft 42 will pass under said latch and within the recess 149 in the slide 138. When the knife is tilted to its fixed limit the pressure of the weft.

thread against thesame will sever the thread and release it from the needle and the weft threads will be beat into the fell the ends 194 thereof will, however, extend from the edge of the woven cloth.

During the time that the reed is beating the weft threads into the fell, the cam follower will be passing along the dwell 78 on the cam ridge so that the needle and carrier will momentarily remain stationary. At this time, the pattern chain will also operate the heddles to change the warp shed and the selvage heddles and lower the weft thread just used and position a thread of another color in line with the travel of the carrier. The machine is again operated by the cam ridge 77 in the manner just described and the selvage shuttle will operate in a reverse direction in order to again lay a selvage stitch behind the weft thread.

The eyelets in the guide plates will provide just. sufiicient tension to prevent any snarling of the weft threads and if the'same feed too loosely the eyelets may be packed with cotton or felt to secure the tension required, or other tension means may be provided.

Of course, the loom herein shown and described may be modified and changed in "a rious ways without departing from the invention herein set forth and hereafter claimed.

The invention is herebyclaimed as stollows 1. In a loom, means for providing a warp shed, a forked carrier toengage and carry a looped weft thread into said shed, a needle to receive and carry said weft thread through said shed, a knife to automatically out one strand of said looped weft thread to release same from said needle, and means to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

2. In a loom, means for providing a warp shed, a forked carrier to engage and carry a looped weft thread into said. shed, a needle to receive and carry said looped weft threadthrough said shed, a knife to automatically cut one strand of said looped weft thread to release same from said needle, and a bell crank operating a slide to rotate a shaft to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

3. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to the other reciprocating means for extending a double strand of the same completely through the shed, and a knife to automatically out said weft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating a pattern chain for forming successive Warp means. I

4. In a loom, harness means controlled by sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, heddles operated by the pattern chain for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to theother reciprocating means for extending a double strand of the same completely through the shed, and a knife to automatically cut said weft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating means.

5. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means forsuccessively posi tioning a selected weft thread for engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to the'other reciprocating means for extending a double'strand of the same completely through the shed, a knife to automatically out said weft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating means, and means to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

6. In a loom, harness means controlledby a pattern chain for forming successive Warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed,

reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, heddles operated by the pattern chain for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by one of sa1d reciprocating means and delivery to the other reciprocating means for extending a 1 double strand of the same completely through the shedfa knife to automatically cut said weft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating means, and

reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning.

a selected weft thread for engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to the other reciprocating means for extending a double strand of the same completely through the shed, a knife to automatically out said weft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating means, and means comprising a bell crank operating-a slide to rotate a shaft to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

8. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, heddles operated by the pattern chain for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to the other reciprocating means for extending the same completely through the shed, a knife to automatically out said Weft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating means, and means comprising a bell crank operating a slide to rotate a shaft to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

9. Ina loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meetin the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to the other reciprocating means for extending the same completely through the shed, a knife to automatically cut saidweft thread to release same from said last named reciprocating means, and means comprising a cam actuated bell crank operating a slide to rotate a shaft to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

10. In a loom,harness means controlled by a pattern chain for, forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of Weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed,

reciprocating means adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, heddles operated by the pattern chain for successively positioning a selected weft threadfor engagement by one of said reciprocating means and delivery to the other reciprocating means for extending the same completely through the shed, a knife to automatically out said weft thread to release same from said last named recipro eating means, and means comprising a cani actuated bell crank operating a slide to rotate a shaft to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

11. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, and means engaging said weft when same is heat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle.

12. In a'loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximatecenter of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, and a knife engaging said weft when same 1s beat a into the fell of the cloth to sever saidihread and release same from said needle.

13. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed,

a, reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at theapproximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, and tiltable means engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle.

, sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, and a tiltable knife engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle.

15. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote 'from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides. and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, means engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle, and means to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

16. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed,

a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating" needle adapted to enter the shed from oppo site sides and meet in the center thereof,

a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating nedle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon theretraction of said needle, tiltable means engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle, and meansto stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

18. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning aselected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shedupon the retraction of said needle, a tiltable knife engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to seversaid thread and release same from said needle, and means 'to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted. i

.19. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successlve warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle'adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, means engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle, and means controlled by said last named means to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

20. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normallydisposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciproeating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby sald weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle,

tiltable means engaging said weft when same is heat into the fellof the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle, and means controlled by said last named means to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

21: In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of; the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocating needle adapted to enter the shed from oppo site sides and meet in the center thereof,

means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, a knife engaging said weft when same is beat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle, and means controlled by said knife to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

22. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed reniotefrom the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciprocatingneedle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for. successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said'weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, :1

of, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the'needle at the approximate center of the shed whereby said weft thread is drawn completely through said shed upon the retraction of said needle, means engaging said weft when same is heat into the fell of the cloth to sever said thread and release same from said needle, and means comprising a bell crank operating a slide controlled by said last named means to stop said loom when said weft thread is omitted.

24. In a loom, harness means controlled by a pattern chain for forming successive warp sheds, a plurality of weft threads normally disposed remote from the side of the shed, a reciprocating carrier and a reciproeating needle adapted to enter the shed from opposite sides and meet in the center thereof, means for successively positioning a selected weft thread for engagement by said carrier and delivery to the needle at theapproximate center of the shed whereby said'