Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
  • D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
  • D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres

Definitions

• Patented Jan. 4, 1949 CHEMICAL RETTING PROCESS OF PRODUCING nssr means Jacob Johan Zeehulsen, Scheveningen, Netherlands; vested in the Attorney General of the United States No Drawing. Application March 28, 1940, Serial 2 Claims.
• the invention relates to the treatment of fibrous materials, particularly to the production of bast fibres, such as flax, hemp, jute and the like.
• the function of the bufier materials most likely resides in that they combine with the acids produced by the oxidation, so that there will no considerable increase of the acidity.
• the urea moreover forms a reserve of ammonia in the form of a compound having a non-alkaline reaction, which compound slowly decomposes; the ammonia produced thereby will replace the ammonia which is formed by the dissociation of the ammonium salts and evaporates from the solution.
• Suitable bufier materials are e. g. phosphates.
• the treatment generally is carried out at atmospheric pressure; it is also possible, however, to work in vacuo or under pressure, this latter particularly if it should be desired to carry out the treatment at temperatures above C.
• a bath containing hydrogen peroxide, urea and a bufier substance immerse the material to be treated in the same and slowly raise the temperatureup to the range oi temperatures required for the breaking up process.
• the period before this temperature is attained mainly serves for impregnating the fibrous material with the solution.
• the material treated according to the invention will contain the xyloid constituents in such a form as to be easily removed by mechanical means. According to the intensity of the chemical treatment either white or light yellow, strong, glossy fibres will be obtained.
• an after-treatment for the removal of the remaining coloring substances may be efiected by processes known for this purpose, e. g. bleaching by the action of the light or by treatment with alcohols or ketones, such as acetone.
• waste bath which canot be regenerated without a great deal of trouble
• the waste bath which canot be regenerated without a great deal of trouble
• the cost of the breaking up treatment is greatly reduced thereby and in many cases the, process will only be economically possible when the used chemicals are utilized in this way.
• the broken up fibrous material is now rinsed with hot water to which a little acid is added.
• a reducing acid such as hydrogen sulphide is used for this purpose.
• the hydrogen peroxide may be added to the bath as such; it may also be electrolytically formed in the bath, in which case the urea will stabilize the hydrogen peroxide thus formed.
• the urea if desired, may be formed from ammonia and carbon dioxide, wherebya mixture of urea and ammonium carbonate is produced.
• the invention is of importance in the first place in the treatment of bast fibres, such as fiax, hemp, jute, ramie and the like.
• bast fibres such as fiax, hemp, jute, ramie and the like.
• the process has also particular advantages for the manufacture of leaf fibres which up to the present have been produced by a kind of a retting process such as sisal, New Zealand hemp and Mauritius-hemp.
• a chemical retting process of producing bast fibres from vegetable materials which comprises the treatment of said fibres from one to one and one-half hours by immersing said materials in a bath containing about 0.5% oi! hydrogen peroxide, 0.5% of ammonium phosphate, and 1% of urea. at a temperature 01' about 0., raising the temperature 0! said bath and materials to C. to thereby break up said materials, and subsequently removing the xyloid constituents from the material treated by mechanical means.
• a chemical rotting process of producing bast fibres from vegetable materials which comprises the treatment 01 said fibres from one to one and one-half hours by immersing said materials in a bath containing about 0.5% of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5% of ammonium phosphate, 0.5% to 1% of ammonium carbonate, and 1% of urea at a tem-- perature of about 50 0., raising the temperature of said bath and materials to 80-100 C. to thereby break up said materials, and subsequently removing the xyloid constituents from the material treated by mechanical means.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=32232344

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (9)

• 1939
  • 1939-03-22 NL NL92551A patent/NL54060C/xx active
• 1940
  • 1940-03-14 GB GB4819/40A patent/GB544219A/en not_active Expired
  • 1940-03-21 DE DEN43900D patent/DE738608C/de not_active Expired
  • 1940-03-21 BE BE438397D patent/BE438397A/xx unknown
  • 1940-03-22 FR FR864319D patent/FR864319A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1940-03-28 US US326496A patent/US2457856A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (9)

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