US2383358A - Treatment of casein or the like protein fibers - Google Patents

Treatment of casein or the like protein fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2383358A
US2383358A US510817A US51081743A US2383358A US 2383358 A US2383358 A US 2383358A US 510817 A US510817 A US 510817A US 51081743 A US51081743 A US 51081743A US 2383358 A US2383358 A US 2383358A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tow
liquid
casein
convolutions
bath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US510817A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wormell Robert Louis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Original Assignee
Courtaulds PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2383358A publication Critical patent/US2383358A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D01D11/04—Fixed guides

Definitions

  • casein or the like protein include animal casein derived from milk and vegetable casein or globulins such as those derived from soya beans, pea-nuts and the like.
  • tobacco I include a bundle or thread of continuous filaments and also a bundle or thread of staplefibers, provided these latter are sufllciently adherent.
  • casein In the preparation of artificial textile fibers from casein, the casein is dissolved in alkali and fibers are obtained by extruding the solution through spinning nozzles into a coagulating bath containing acid and salts. Fibers from several spinning nozzles are frequently combined to form a tow and the tow is subjected to one or more hardening or other treatments. As the hardening or other treatment is carried out for a considerable time care must be taken to avoid tangling of the fibers in the hardening bath.
  • the tow can continuously treat a tow of casein or the like protein fibers by continuously feeding the tow in convolutions on to the surface of a hardening liquid of specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of the'fibers so that the convolutions of the tow float on or in the treating liquid, allowing the tow to accumulate in the liquid for sufiicient time to produce the desired effect and thereafter continuously withdrawing the tow from the treating liquid at a rate substantially equal to the rate of feed liquid, the tow, according to one embodiment of the invention is conducted through a tube, the entrance arm of which is situated below the mass of convolutions.
  • the exit arm of the tube may be situated inside or outside the bath of liquid.
  • the exit arm is positioned away from the mass of convolutions, as for example close to the side wall of the bath, and may terminate above, below or at the level of the liquid in the bath.
  • the tube When the exit arm is situated outside the bath, the tube may pass through the side wall of the bath at a convenient distance below the mass of convolutions of the tow.
  • the exit arm may terminate at a higher level than the surface of the treating liquid, or if desired,
  • the exit arm may terminate at or slightly below" tube in order to facilitate the passage of the tow.
  • a device such as a pulley, or a hook or hooks, or bars positioned below the mass of convolutions of the tow and thence out of the liquid bath in a direction away from the mass of convolutions.
  • the treating liquid is contained in a tank of suitable dimensions which may for instance be in the form of a cylindrical container in which case it is preferred to maintain a slow circulatory motion of the liquid in the tank.
  • the tank may alternatively be of long rectangular form in which case a slow current of treating liquid may be maintained to float the tow along to the tube.
  • the surface of the liquid in the tank may be maintained at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure in order to remove any objectionable vapours. If desired the tow may be continuously fed on to the surface of the treating liquid by means of traverse feeding mechanism.
  • the tow may remain in the bath for any convenient time, for example, from 1 to 2 hours and is then removed from the underside of the mass of convolutions thus avoiding the risk of tangling of the tow.
  • the process may be used for the purpose of giving a preliminary hardening to the tow, for example with an aqueous solution containing 420 grams of sodium sulphate and 10 grams of formaldehyde per litre of solution.
  • the process may also be used to complete the treatment of partially hardened tow, so that it becomes resistant to boiling water and boiling dilute acids, a suitable bath for this purpose being an aqueous solution containing 496 grams of sulphuric acid, 2'71 grams of sodium sulphate and 28.5 grams of formaldehyde per litre of solution. Examples of other baths suitable for this latter purpose are described in U. S. Serial No. 440,116.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show suitable apparatus for feeding the tow in convolutions on to the surface of the hardening liquid, Figure 2 being a section along the line AA of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of the invention employing a guiding tube, and
  • Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment employing two books asthe guiding means.
  • the feeding device shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a shaft l fitted to driving means not shown, and on to the shaft are fixed end supports 2 and 3.
  • a tube 4 which is suitably made of glass, is loosely fitted over the shaft between the supports 2 and 3 and a rod I is also fixed into the supports 2 and 8.
  • the tube 4 may be replaced by two rods, similar to the rod 5, fixed into the supports 2 and 3 and arranged a short distance from and on opposite sides of the shaft I.
  • a slow circulatory motion of the liquid 6 may be maintained by continuously withdrawing liquid, as by a pump, at a point near the bottom of the tank and feeding it back to the tank through one or more pipes positioned near the surface of the bath of liquid.
  • the tow may be given a short preliminary impregnation with the hardening liquid just before being fed in convolutions on to the surface of the hardening bath.
  • a process of treating a tow of casein or the like protein fibers with a hardening liquid of specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of the fibers which consists in continuously feeding the tow in convolutions on to the surface of a bath of the said liquid so that the convolutions of thetow float on or in the liquid, allowing the tow to become at least partially hardened in the liquid and thereafter continuously withdrawing the tow from the treating liquid at a rate substantially equal to the rate of feed by removing the tow from the underside of the mass of convolutions and then conducting the tow out of the liquid through guiding means situated below the level of the underside of the mass of convolutions so that entanglement of the tow is avoided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US510817A 1943-01-25 1943-11-18 Treatment of casein or the like protein fibers Expired - Lifetime US2383358A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1215/43A GB565011A (en) 1943-01-25 1943-01-25 Improvements in and relating to the treatment of casein or the like protein fibres
GB1478343 1943-09-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2383358A true US2383358A (en) 1945-08-21

Family

ID=26236570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US510817A Expired - Lifetime US2383358A (en) 1943-01-25 1943-11-18 Treatment of casein or the like protein fibers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2383358A (fr)
BE (1) BE460223A (fr)
FR (1) FR913554A (fr)
GB (1) GB565011A (fr)
NL (1) NL61878C (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2712977A (en) * 1951-09-26 1955-07-12 Ici Ltd Method and apparatus for treating a tow of filaments or threads in a limited space
US2720443A (en) * 1950-03-21 1955-10-11 Ici Ltd Method and apparatus for treating a tow of filaments or threads in a limited space
US2720442A (en) * 1948-06-01 1955-10-11 Ici Ltd Method of treating tows in tubes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010054661A1 (de) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-28 Anke Domaske Verfahren zur Herstellung von Milchproteinfasern und daraus gewonnene Milchproteinfaserprodukte

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2720442A (en) * 1948-06-01 1955-10-11 Ici Ltd Method of treating tows in tubes
US2720443A (en) * 1950-03-21 1955-10-11 Ici Ltd Method and apparatus for treating a tow of filaments or threads in a limited space
US2712977A (en) * 1951-09-26 1955-07-12 Ici Ltd Method and apparatus for treating a tow of filaments or threads in a limited space

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB565011A (en) 1944-10-23
BE460223A (fr)
FR913554A (fr) 1946-09-13
NL61878C (fr)

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