US2364838A - Apparatus for treating material - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating material Download PDF

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Publication number
US2364838A
US2364838A US432499A US43249942A US2364838A US 2364838 A US2364838 A US 2364838A US 432499 A US432499 A US 432499A US 43249942 A US43249942 A US 43249942A US 2364838 A US2364838 A US 2364838A
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
treating
dyeing
fabric
web
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Expired - Lifetime
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US432499A
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English (en)
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Sumner H Williams
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US432499A priority Critical patent/US2364838A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2364838A publication Critical patent/US2364838A/en
Priority to GB26616/45A priority patent/GB599296A/en
Priority to CH256480D priority patent/CH256480A/fr
Priority to DK376047AA priority patent/DK73546C/da
Priority to DEP30602D priority patent/DE813698C/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • D06B3/20—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics with means to improve the circulation of the treating material on the surface of the fabric

Definitions

  • the purpose of this invention is to produce controlled uniformity of dyed or chemically treated lots of material by a continuous operation. From a control standpoint, we have found that a suitable Wayvto carry out this function is to first apply the colors or chemicals to the material and then carry either' in a continuous operation, or as a separate operation, for further dyeing or developing, to the unit such as designed, in order to further properly lx or fasten the dyestuffs to the material or fibres. This procedure is best explained on the order of a continuous vat pigment form of dyeing, We use the vat colors in citing this instance, but the same is true of any of the other groups of colors or chemicals that require additional development, reduction or xation in order that they may be dyed or treated to obtain their maximum fastness.
  • vat colors in their pigment form have little or no affinity and, therefore, can be applied very uniformly over the material to be dyed, in this form, but require further reduction treatment so that they may be properly aiiixed to the material to produce their rated fastness.
  • One object of this invention is to take such pretreated material containing these pigment dyes or chemicals, or other coloring matter, to a developing or dyeing unit, such as shown, either in a Wet or dry state and gravity feed a treating solutionl with the material through a confined channel area arranged so that the treating fluid follows the material in an even mannerand'due to the close confinement, the vat pigments in the process of becoming solubilized or reduced are prevented from bleeding off into a wide area of solution, as this solution travels with the material, closely confined.
  • the stripping off action or bleeding is held to a very close minimum and produces results from a dyeing standpoint that cannot .be obtained by the present methods in use, such as the adding of pre-dissolved dyes to a dyebath.
  • terial such as by padding them on or by any other means, for further dyeing and development, they may be carried with the material, together with the fluid, so that no remaining color is left back in any stationary part of the treating liquid.
  • the treating liquid is forced by gravity to flow concurrent with the material until the dyeing or chemical action has been completed.
  • the following description relates to my invention in the process and apparatus of treating material. More particularly it deals with chemical treatment whether bleaching, dyeing, washingor otherwise of a continuous web of textile fabric.
  • the web or fabric or material may be in any physical form, such as thread or yarn or yarns grouped together, known as warps.
  • Textile fabrics have been made by weaving, knitting or otherwise, yarn thread or other strands in great varieties of materials
  • the bers which are spun together to form the material may be animal fibers suchas silk, wool and mohair, minerals bers such as asbestos, sodium silicate and similar forms or may be of vegetable origin such as natural fibers of cotton, iiax and synthetic fibers as cellulose acetate, viscose or cuprammonium and all other forms of synthetic silk-like materials as nylon and casein fibers.
  • these'materials are made up not only of a single type of fiber but a mixture oi.' various materials such as above described.
  • This invention proposes a process for the chemical treatment of such textile fabrics regardless of their particular constitution and applicable for many operations such as bleaching, dyeing and the1ike.
  • This invention provides for the dyeing, bleaching or other chemical treatment of a continuous web of material in a manner that allows the material to be treated evenly on all sides as the layer of treating liquid completely surrounds the material and is held in close contact to the latter by the particular construction of narrow channels through which the material to be treated moves and thus is brought into Contact with the treating fluid which is also in motion either in the direction of the material or in the opposite direction. This brings about faster chemical treatment due to utilizing the full area, of this liquid traveling in motion with the material.
  • This procedure maintains a positive control and a desirable low ratio of treating liquid to the material under treatment.
  • the ingredients which are either dissolved or held in suspension in the liquid are forced by close contact to react evenly over the material for the purpose intended and without loss. This is in direct contrast to the prevailing practice which either forces the chemical solutions through stationarily held materials or conversely agitates the material in a normally stationary treating solution.
  • My invention uses a basically dierent principle, that of causing the material to travel through the machine so that the material is submerged in a minimum quantity of the liquid so arranged as to bring the material in close cony tact with the dyes, bleaching agents or other chemicals. At the same time the treating liquid is caused to travel in contact with the fabric until completion of the desired chemical reaction.
  • this invention covers the mechanical and physical reactions between the material to be treated and' the ingredients, which are brought in contact with it. contained in the fluid, as these ingredients in the iluld may be chemically inert and are mechanically forced on the material by either close contact in processing same by the method stated.
  • Vthe reacting chemicals with which it is intended to treat the fabric may be Cill fed to the apparatus either at the point of entrance or at any subsequent stage, or separate reagents may be added at separate points in order to bring the reaction to completion at the point of delivery.
  • a still further object of my invention is t0 maintain a desired control of thetemperature of the material and reacting liquid.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line I-I of Fig. 2 showing an apparatus for effecting chemical treatment of a web of textile fabric by a treating liquid;
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same and Fig. 3 is a side elevation'showing the apparatus arranged to receive the web to be treated.
  • the invention consists in providing a restricted channel closely conforming to the area of the fabric to be treated. permitting the movement of the treating liquid along with or contrary to the course of the web being treated and with minimum exposure to the air.
  • Such an arrangement is accomplished with a tank which is composed of suitable material to withstand the chemicals in the treating solutions.
  • This tank has heating means such as the coil 5 or analogous means by which thewater or other fluid in the tank may be kept at the desired temperature most satisfactory for carrying out the chemical treatment.
  • Fig. 1 shows that the iiuid travels over the first top roll 20, following the material into the second channel. of which the top of the sec- .ond roll 20, is slightly lower than the iirst, al-
  • the inner wall or lining 6 rises above the tank to form a funnel or chute I5 which in Fig. 2 is shown to extend the full width of the tank and to permit the entrance of the web of fabric It.
  • the chemical solution is added in desired quantity to the funnel I5 through the inlet pipe I'I. After owing through the tank the spent chemical -liquid overilows through the pipe I8. y
  • a roll 20 surmounts each partition 1, 8, It, vI I, I3, and I4 and has a diameter slightly greater than the partition.
  • Each of the several rolls 2G is slightly lower than its preceding roll, ⁇ so'that the liquid flowing over the top yof the nrst roll '20, flows through'and under the baiiiea'following the material, and cascades over the second roll 20. continuing over dam 9 and in the same manner throughout the balance of the machine to point Il where the spent liquids are exhausted.
  • are suspended by means of bars 22 fromthe top of the tank and into the wells 23 between the several partitions, dams and 1
  • the lower end of each baille has a pair of stand* i ards 24 in which is journaled a roller 25.
  • This roller has a diameter slightly greater than the transverse width of the baille. The diameters oi the rolls 28 and 23 are such that the web I8 passes through the narrow channels between the baiiies and the adjacent partitions, dams or tank walls.
  • rolls 21 and 28 Suitably mounted on standards 2 8 on the side of the tank are rolls 21 and 28 arranged in superposed pairs.
  • the first pair of rolls 21 surmounts the dam 3 and the lower roll 28 has a diameter such that the web rises upwardly along one side of the dam and down the other side equally spaced between the vertical faces of the dam and the adjacent baboards.
  • a second pair of rolls 23 and 30 is mounted above the tank and the dam I2 in the same manner and for the same purpose.
  • a third pair of rolls 3l and 32 is mounted to receive the web as it rises from the narrow space between the baille 2l and the wall of the hollow tank 8.
  • Each pair of rolls is driven with suitable driving means provided to rotate the rolls advancing the material through the machine, their purpose being to cut down the strain and lessen the tension on the fabric in its travel through the apparatus.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the method of starting the chemical treatment.
  • the requisite quantity of chemical solution having been run into the wells 23, a web I6 is passed between the pairs of rolls 21,28, 29, 30, 3
  • the bailles are then lowered, either simultaneously or successively into their respective wells'. This serves to festoon the web so that it passes down near the end wall 8 of the tank around the roller of the first baille and thence around the roller 20 above the partition 1.
  • Each bave 2I4 establishes a corresponding festoon in its respective well.
  • the treating fluid reaches' a level above the partition 1, over top roll 20'and the level of illm of liquid. over this roll is governed by the speed of the fluid fed into the machine at I1.
  • separate dye solutions may be introduced successively.
  • a dye which operates slowly may be introduced with.
  • the several wells may be arranged horizontally so that the material and fluid may be caused to traverse back and forth in a horizontal direction.4
  • the second method used in applying the direct i colors is byentering the untreated material, containing no dyestuffs, to the machine and feeding simultanecuslythe dissolved color along with the necessary chemicals, and the color and material ⁇ traveling together until the d yes are absorbed i :tion between the material and the colors held in the iluid.
  • Sulphur dyestuifs such as immedial green- 'color index No. 1106, and immedial orange C- color index No. 949, are applied in the same manner, that is, either by treating the fabric first with the unfixed dyestuifeither wet or dry or by adding the dyestuff with the fabric in iixed proportions to the apparatus, adding the requisite chemicals such as sodium sulphide and common salt to the treating liquid and causing the fabric and liquid to travel together in close contact.
  • the dyeing action is completed in a shorter space of time withl a more complete con- .trol of final shade and less oxidation of the dye- I
  • diazo or developed dyes such as primuline,A color index No.
  • the first step is ⁇ carried out in the same manner as with direct or substantive dyestuffs but as these colors necessitate a further treatment, necessary to produce their desired fastness and true shade, they are further chemically treated.
  • the fabric which already contains the .fixed dyestuff is passed ⁇ through the apparatus containing the solution with sodium nitrite and either hydrochloric or sulphuric acid.
  • the fabric may be treated further in the same apparatus after rinsing, by applying such developers as beta naphthol o r other suitable chemicals.
  • vat colors shown -by color indexes such as anthra yellow GC-color index No. 109,5, indanthren olive R-color index No. 1150, bromide indigo MLB/4B-color index No. 1184, and helindone pink BN-color index No. 1211.
  • a 'Ihese include the anthraquinone, the indigoid, both bromide and the thio ind'goid types, including synthetic indigo-color index No. 1177, or hydron bluescolor-index No.
  • the pigment color either in dispersed or soluble form is first applied to the fabric and then carried or passed through this machine either in one continuous operation or as a separate treatment by the material having contained the unfixed dyestul.
  • the colors must be put in a l0 soluble form by reduction as the dyes of this group of colors are made soluble by entering them into a reducing solution. They have a natural e tendency to bleed out into the area of fluid into which they are immersed.
  • I may carry out the dyeing and .I developing of the naphthol or insoluble azo group cals or developers to produce a chemical reaction 40 or completion of process. 'I'he materials to be treated are carried together with the chemicals through this continuous dyeing .and developing unit in close contact in the confined areas as shown, which produce, due to their design, re- 5 suits much more satisfactory than any of the other conventional continuous methods now employed in the art.
  • a tank a series of transverse vertical partitions defining wells formed therein, and arranged in groups, an inlet for forming a dam for the liquid, the liquid passing over the dam, a transverse roller mounted above each partition and means for festooning the web in each well and over each roller in succession, said means arranged in said Wells so as to leave a narrow restricted area through which the material and liquid must travel.
  • a tank a series of transverse Vertical partitions defining wells formed therein, an inlet for treating liquid above” the first of said wells, an outlet for liquid beyond the last of said wells, a transverse roller mounted above each partition, a removable baille suspended in each well and arranged therein so as to leave a narrow restricted area through which the material and liquid must travel, and a roller carried by the lower end of each baille in close proximity to the bottom oi' the well.
  • a tank a series of transf verse vertical partitions defining wells formed therein and arranged' in groups, an inlet for treating liquid above the rst of said wells, an outlet for liquid beyond the last of said wells, the final partition of each group being highest and forming a dam'for the liquid, the liquid passing over the dam, a pair of squeeze rolls mounted above each dam, a transverse. roller mounted above each remaining partition and removable means for festooning the web in each well and over each roller and through the squeeze rolls in succession.
  • a tankan inlet for treating liquid for treating liquid
  • an outlet for the tank meansfor heating the liquid in the tank
  • a pair of squeeze rolls mounted above each dam
  • means for rotating the rolls means for rotating the rolls
  • a transverse roller mounted above each other partition
  • barangs removably 'suspended in each well and rollers journalled in the lower ends of the baiiies.
  • the battles and associated rollers restricting the free area in the wells to narrow connecting verti-A cal passageways extending the full width of the f tank and from end to end thereof.
  • each well is slightly lower than the preceding well, thereby allowing for a gravity flow of the confined fluid from lone Well to the other, a removable baille closely fitting within each well, so that the web may be festooned under one baiiie and over the next partition, a fitted roll at the bottom of each baille tothe used as guide rolls, the baboards being only slightly narrower than the width of the wells so as to produce a narrow confined passageway through which the festooned web passes, thereby allowing for a minimum of fluid to ow concurrently with the web.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
US432499A 1942-02-26 1942-02-26 Apparatus for treating material Expired - Lifetime US2364838A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US432499A US2364838A (en) 1942-02-26 1942-02-26 Apparatus for treating material
GB26616/45A GB599296A (en) 1942-02-26 1945-10-11 Process and apparatus for dyeing, bleaching or other liquid treatment of textile fabrics
CH256480D CH256480A (fr) 1942-02-26 1945-12-01 Installation pour le traitement d'une bande continue de produit textile.
DK376047AA DK73546C (da) 1942-02-26 1947-10-09 Fremgangsmåde og apparat til farvning, blegning eller anden vædskebehandling af tekstilstoffer.
DEP30602D DE813698C (de) 1942-02-26 1949-01-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Faerben, Bleichen oder einer anderen Nassbehandlung von Geweben

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US432499A US2364838A (en) 1942-02-26 1942-02-26 Apparatus for treating material

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US2364838A true US2364838A (en) 1944-12-12

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US432499A Expired - Lifetime US2364838A (en) 1942-02-26 1942-02-26 Apparatus for treating material

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US (1) US2364838A (da)
CH (1) CH256480A (da)
DE (1) DE813698C (da)
DK (1) DK73546C (da)
GB (1) GB599296A (da)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2758463A (en) * 1951-12-27 1956-08-14 Clarke Leslie James Apparatus for wet processing textile materials
US2764010A (en) * 1949-05-10 1956-09-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Apparatus for treating textiles
US3263458A (en) * 1960-09-13 1966-08-02 Samcoe Holding Corp Apparatus for dyeing tubular knit material
US3808846A (en) * 1969-06-23 1974-05-07 Vepa Ag Apparatus for the continuous treatment of natural and synthetic fibers with a solvent
US3907498A (en) * 1972-06-07 1975-09-23 Monsanto Co Method of applying a dye liquor to a tow
FR2553115A1 (fr) * 1983-10-06 1985-04-12 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Dispositif de traitement thermique, notamment d'une nappe de tissu
US20150275411A1 (en) * 2012-10-06 2015-10-01 Trützschler GmbH & Co., KG Device and method for the treatment, in particular electrolysis or cleaning, of endless fibers, threads or webs of fabric

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE897088C (de) * 1950-10-03 1953-11-19 Standfast Dyers & Printers Ltd Verfahren zum Faerben von Textilstoffbahnen od. dgl.
GB711475A (en) * 1950-12-27 1954-07-07 William Franklin & Son Ltd An improved method of and apparatus for wet processing textile materials
DE949881C (de) * 1953-06-23 1956-09-27 Karl Menzel Breitwaschmaschine
DE1215097B (de) * 1961-01-12 1966-04-28 Artos Meier Windhorst Kg Vorrichtung zum Waschen breitgefuehrter Warenbahnen
IL40966A (en) * 1972-11-29 1976-07-30 Klier S A process for continuous treatment of textile materials

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2764010A (en) * 1949-05-10 1956-09-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Apparatus for treating textiles
US2758463A (en) * 1951-12-27 1956-08-14 Clarke Leslie James Apparatus for wet processing textile materials
US3263458A (en) * 1960-09-13 1966-08-02 Samcoe Holding Corp Apparatus for dyeing tubular knit material
US3808846A (en) * 1969-06-23 1974-05-07 Vepa Ag Apparatus for the continuous treatment of natural and synthetic fibers with a solvent
US3907498A (en) * 1972-06-07 1975-09-23 Monsanto Co Method of applying a dye liquor to a tow
FR2553115A1 (fr) * 1983-10-06 1985-04-12 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Dispositif de traitement thermique, notamment d'une nappe de tissu
US20150275411A1 (en) * 2012-10-06 2015-10-01 Trützschler GmbH & Co., KG Device and method for the treatment, in particular electrolysis or cleaning, of endless fibers, threads or webs of fabric
US9637849B2 (en) * 2012-10-06 2017-05-02 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for the treatment, in particular electrolysis or cleaning, of endless fibers, threads or webs of fabric

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB599296A (en) 1948-03-09
CH256480A (fr) 1948-08-31
DK73546C (da) 1951-12-27
DE813698C (de) 1951-11-05

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