US2286213A - Method of drying thread or the like - Google Patents

Method of drying thread or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US2286213A
US2286213A US297074A US29707439A US2286213A US 2286213 A US2286213 A US 2286213A US 297074 A US297074 A US 297074A US 29707439 A US29707439 A US 29707439A US 2286213 A US2286213 A US 2286213A
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Prior art keywords
thread
reel
drying
reels
drive shaft
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US297074A
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English (en)
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Hayden B Kline
Louis S Fryer
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Industrial Rayon Corp
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Industrial Rayon Corp
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Priority to US296930A priority Critical patent/US2302908A/en
Application filed by Industrial Rayon Corp filed Critical Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority to US297074A priority patent/US2286213A/en
Priority to DEC1833D priority patent/DE947506C/de
Priority to NL99070A priority patent/NL60426C/xx
Priority to FR908354D priority patent/FR908354A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2286213A publication Critical patent/US2286213A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0454—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement using reels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods which may be used in manufacturing and/or processing strip material such as thread or the like -(hereinafter referred to as thread).' More particularly, the invention is directed to methods which may be employed advantageously in the manufacture and/or processing of textile thread to control certain of the physical and physico-chemi'cal properties thereof; e. g.,'shrinkage, dyeing and'other characteristics.
  • the invention is especially useful in the manufacture by a continuous process defined as the amount by which a dry, finished thread will shrink, if unrestrained in any manner, upon being rewet and redried.
  • a textile thread to be Commercial textile thread employed in weav- 1 ing, particularly for use as a weft thread, should be of such low residual shrinkage capacity as to preclude the possibility that the fabric woven therefrom will shrink by more than a very small amount, if at all, during the subsequent finishing operations.
  • the finishing operations ordinarily consist of washing, dyeing, etc., after which the' fabric is usually dried in rigid tentering frames which hold the fabric to the desired finished width. If the residual shrinkage capacity of the thread from whichthe fabric is woven exceeds very low limits, the tendency of the fabric to shrink stresses the thread, causing barr effects to develop in the fabric and in some cases causing the fabric to be torn from the tentering frames. In either case, the commercial value of the fabric is seriously impaired.
  • weaving thread should have throughout its length a uniform, and preferably high, afiinity for dyestuffs. Uniformity of dye affinity is important inasmuch as a woven fabric formed of thread which does not possess the desired uniformity usually embodies defects of the barr which deleteriously affect the commercial acceptability of the fabric. It is desirable to produce a thread having high dye aflinity because it recently, all viscose artificial silk thread was protype known to the trade as shiners" or dye requires less time and handling to secure the desired depth of color in the finished fabric woven from such thread and because the fastness of the dyestuff is improved.- I
  • Viscose artificial silk thread comprises hydrated cellulose regenerated from a solution of sodium cellulose xanthate (viscose). Coagulation is brought about by extruding the'solution I through a plurality of minute orifices into an acid precipitating bath, an operation which gives rise to a delicate thread consisting of a plurality of filaments that, at least at this stage, are more or less gelatinous in nature. Subsequent to coagulation, the thread is ordinarily subjected before it is initially dried to suitable processing treatments including washing, desulphurizing, etc. During these operations and in fact until such time as it is completely solidified and dried, the thread is usually considered to be in a gel state,
  • the tension imparted to the thread during its drying from the gel state affects the physico-chemical characteristics of the thread.
  • uneven dyeing properties result from the fact that shrinkage of the innermost layers of thread is prevented by the presence of the spool, while the faster drying outer layers of thread are prevented from shrinking only by the slower drying intermediate layers.
  • Different portions of the thread are differently stressed, resulting in widely varying dye aflinities. As a rule, such irregularities render'spool-drled thread unfit for weaving purposes unless special precautions are taken to improve its uniformity.
  • the present invention in addition to obviating the numerous disadvantages of the dis-' continuous process, gives rise to a thread which is eminently suitable for weaving, which is of a particularly high degree of uniformity of physical and physico-chemical characteristics, and which is characterized by a permanently low residual shrinkage capacity.
  • the invention makes these results possible by repeatedly drying and rewetting the thread in a continuous process while permitting it to shrink, all as more fully explained hereinafter.
  • the invention will be described as applied to the manufacture of multiple filament viscose artificial silk thread on apparatus operating on the principle of that shown, described and claimed in copending application Serial No 7,114, flied February 18, 1935 (Patent 2,225,642).
  • Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of one form of apparatus in which the invention is embodied.
  • Figure 2 which represents a portion of the apparatus of Figure l on an enlarged scale, shows the means for repeatedly wetting and drying the thread according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates on the same enlarged scale a similar portion of modified apparatus likewise embodying the invention.
  • Figure 4 is an end elevation of one form of thread-advancing reel employed to dry the thread.
  • Figure 5 represents a sectional elevation of said reel from line 55 of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of another type of thread-advancing reel employed to dry thread after intermediate rewetting.
  • Figure 1 shows a complete machine for continuously manufacturing multiple filament viscose artificial silk thread of low residual shrinkage capacity in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • Said apparatus a portion of which is shown in greater detail in Figure 2, is adapted to produce a large number of threads simultaneously, each by the extrusion of viscose from a spinneret 2 disposed in a coagulating bath 3 contained in trough 4.
  • Each thread 1 passes to a thread-advancing reel 5, the same being the first of a concatenate series of thread-advansing reels designated 5 to 14, inclusive.
  • the threadadvancing reels 5 to 14, inclusive take the form of reels of cantilever construction operating on the principle of that described in said copending application No. 7,114 (Patent 2,225,642).
  • Each of reels 5 to M. inclusive advances the thread toward the unsupported end thereof in a large number of closely spaced, generally helical turns.
  • suitable liquid processing operations such as washing, desulphurizing, etc., are performed on the thread. after which the thread is dried.
  • suitable collecting apparatus such as the cap-twister l6, which collects the finished thread in package form.
  • each thread-producing unit comprises a spinneret, a descending series of reels 5 to H, inclusive, and an associated cap-twister.
  • the reels in each descending series are disposed in stepped arrangement with the unsupported or discharge end of each preceding reel in apposite relation to the supported or receiving end of the succeeding reel, the unsupported ends of ,all reels extending in the same direction.
  • a plurality of such thread-producing units is disposed on each side of the apparatus; so that the apparatus as a whole has two operating faces, one on each side thereof. Corresponding parts of all units on each the apparatus on each side thereof.
  • the thread On reel 6. the thread may, if desired, be subjected to the action of an additional coagulating liquid. Wash water may next be applied to the thread on reel I, after which any free sulphur which may be produced in the threadas a result of the regeneration process may be removed by the A shown, described and claimed in copending application Serial No. 24l,222,.filed November 18,
  • Thethread may be washed again on reel 9 to free it of the desulphurizing medium and, if desired, may be bleached on reel III.
  • the thread I then passes to reel I I on which it may again be washed.
  • the liquid supplied to each of the succeeding reels I to II, inclusive is applied to the thread from a reagent distributor II communicating with a conduit I9 which extends longitudinally of the machine, being formed integrally with the lower porterruptedly' around the entire thread-bearing periphery of the reel.
  • the reels are inclined to the horizontal in order that such film of liquid may travel along each reel from the unsupported end toward the supported end thereof, thus providing a countercurrent flow of liquid which more effectively processes the thread.
  • the collecting apparatus comprises a continuous belt 22, driven by rotating drum 23, which belt,
  • thread which has been formed as above described but which is still in the gel state is subjected to repeated drying with intermediate rewetting on a plurality of reels under conditions permitting shrinkage of the thread in the course of atleast one drying operation.
  • the thread is always in the gel state.
  • the thread is subjected to its initial drying operation, being dried by means of heat,
  • each of the drying reels I2 and M is formed of metal, being heated internally thereof by the means hereinafter described.
  • the thread passing from reel II to reel I2 is substantially completely dried on reel I2, but just before it leaves said .reel at the unsupported end thereof it is subjected to the action of a small stream of an aqueous rewetting liquid supplied from reagent distributor 29.
  • the liquid thus applied to the reel is not suflicient in amount to spread over the reel but only to wet the last few turns of thread on the reel; however, the amount-of liquid is sufficient to wet the thread thoroughly.
  • -'I'he wet thread then passes to the reel I3 which, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2, constitutes a drip reel.
  • the thread passing to reel It having a substantially uniform moisture content, may be uniform-' 1y dried on reel It provided that uniform drying conditions are applied to the thread.
  • an enclosure 30 is provided surrounding each reel Id. Said enclosure comprises a stationary portion 3
  • the invention contemplates that shrinkage'of the thread shall be permitted to take place as hereinafter described for the purpose, for example, of imparting the deforms no part of the present invention, but is sired low residual shrinkage capacity to the thread.
  • reel i3 may be formed with no variation in the diameter thereof.
  • Reel ll is preferably provided with a contour of a character such that as the thread dries it may shrink freely. This is accomplished by forming the periphery of the reel so that it conforms closely to the shape of the diminishing helix which the thread tends to develop as it shrinks. It is known, for example, that the thread does not begin to shrink as soon as it comes into contact with reel ll, wherefore the reel may,as shown, be made substantially cylindrical for a considerable portion thereof. During this portion of the drying operation, external moisture only is being removed from the thread, the removal of which does not result in shrinkage of the thread.
  • the reel H ' is tapered over the intermediate portion thereof.
  • the minimum diameter of the" tapered portion of the reel is such that suillcient shrinkage is permitted by the time the thread reaches the -end of the tapered portion to impart to the thread the desired low residual shrinkage capacity.
  • the tapered portion of the reel may be so formed that the dried thread has virtually no residual shrinkage capacity whatsoever.
  • the final portion of the reel which is of substantially cylindrical form, serves among other things to insure substantially equal drying of the thread throughout its length. For example, portions of the thread which have not been as completely dried as other portions are enabled to complete their drying on such cylindrical portion before they leave the reel. In general, it is desirable that the thread leaving this portion of the reel have a final moisture content in the neighborhood of 10%, more particularly since a moisture content of this order, especially at elevated temperatures, greatly facilitates twisting the thread.
  • Reel M may advantageously have a contour conforming generally to that shown and described in copending application Serial No. 107,667, filed October 26, 1936 (Patent 2,203,686).
  • the reel of said copending application is so designed that the diameter of the reel in eflect diminishes in the direction of travel of the thread more rapidly than the diameters of the thread turns tend to diminish as a result of shrinkage of the thread. Consequently, substantially unrestrained shrinkage of the thread is possible in spite of unintentional variations which sometimes occur in the intensity of the drying conditions to which the thread is subjected on the reel.
  • the apparatus as a whole is preferably so designed that little, if any, tension exists in the thread during the various drying, rewetting and redrying operations, such slight tension as happens to be present being substantially constant. This may be accomplished by relating the peripheral speeds of the various reels so that, although slack due to elongation is taken up, no stretch is imparted to the thread.
  • the apparatus illustrated as embodying the invention also includes another feature which is extremely useful in producing low residual shrinkage capacity in thread which is being dried continuously; namely, means for maintaining the thread for a substantial period at high temperatures under conditions of high moisture content.
  • a cooking eflect is imparted to the thread.
  • Such effect apparently plays an important part in the reorientation of the micellar structure of the thread necessary to obtain substantially complete shrinkage thereof at the high drying speeds employed in the continuous processing of viscose artificial silk' thread.
  • a pronounced cooking effect is produced at the unsupported end of reel II: at that point, an aqueous rewetting liquid is applied to the thread while the thread is still at the relatively high temperature of the reel.
  • a higher temperature may be employed on reel l2 than on reel ll; indeed, it has been found desirable to maintain the temperature of the drying reel 12 considerably above the boiling point of the rewetting liquid; i. e., at a temperature in excess of C., and to maintain the temperature on drying reel it below the boiling point of the rewetting liquid, since this permits a more nearly complete shrinkage of the thread.
  • the rewetting liquid may be either cold or hot, but is preferably employed only after being first heated to a temperature approaching the boiling point of water.
  • FIG. 3 which represents a portion of a continuous processing apparatus generally similar to that shown in Figure 2, the rewetting liquid is not applied to the thread on the reel l2, but is applied to the thread after it leaves said reel. More specifically, the rewetting liquid .is applied to the first few turns of thread on reel l3. It is applied by means of a reagent distributor 29a supplied from a conduit
  • the rewetting liquid applied to thethread on rel l3 may be at room temperature but preferably is heated, since this produces a cooking effect generally similar to that produced at the unsupported end of reel it in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2. However, somewhat better results are obtained when the 'rewetting liquid is applied to the thread while the thread itself is heated.
  • the reel i2 is shown as having no taper to compensate for the tendency of the thread to shrink, each reel member being substantially cylindrical in form. As has been explained above, tapering reel i2 has relatively little efiect on the residual shrinkage capacity of the thread.
  • the embodi- is apparent from Figures 4 to 6, inclusive,
  • each of reels i2 and it comprises two wholly rigid reel members, each such reel member being of substantially circular cross section.
  • Each reel member has a periphery made up of a plurality of longitudinally extending bar members which are interleaved with the bar members of the other reel member. The two reel members rotate about axes displaced from and inclined to each other in such manner as to advance the thread in a large number of closely spaced, generally helical turns from the supported end to the unsupported end thereof.
  • Reel l2 as can be seen from Figures 4 and 5, comprises two rigid reel members 35 and 36 each of which substantially circular in cross section.
  • Member 35 which may be termed the concentric member, is mounted concentrically upon and for rotation with hollow drive shaft 31. Its periphery is made up of a plurality of spaced, longitudinally extending bar members 33.
  • Member 36 which may be termed the eccentric mem her, is rotatably mounted with its axis inclined to but in a plane slightly offset from the axis of reel member 35. Its periphery includes a plurality of spaced, longitudinally extending bar members 39 alternately disposed with respect to bar members 38 of concentric reel member 35.
  • Concentric member 35 may be formed as shown with the bar members 38 integral with hollow body portion 4 0.
  • and 42 respectively, form fluid-tight junctions with hollow body portion 40.
  • Said members also surround hollow shaft 31.
  • and 42, which sealing members are wedge-shaped in cross section, operate to prevent the escape of reel, is threaded into a plug 41 welded in the unsupported end of hollow shaft 31.
  • a washer 48 disposed on shaft'31 as by means of the snap ring 49 shown, bears against the outer sealing member 43 at the rear of the reel member 35, serving thereby to locate reel member 35 endwise on the shaft.
  • As bolt 45 is tightened, it forces the wedge-shaped members 43 together at both ends of the reel .member 35, thus effectively sealing the reel member 35.
  • the tight fits at these points on shaft 31 also provide the necessary driving engagement of member 35 with said. shaft.
  • eccentric member 36 is formed of a rigid cagelike member 5
  • Rigid cagelike member 50 comprises the aforementioned bar members 39 which are fixed at their s pported ends to an external annular supporting rib 53 by means of which the cagelike member 50 is mounted on said supporting member 5
  • An annular reinforcing member 54 is fixed to the bar members 39 at their unsupported ends.
  • is mounted on frame member 55 for rotation about an axis disposed inthe desired offset and inclined relationship with respect to the axis of rotaton of concentric member 35.
  • is formed so that projecting boss 55 of frame member 55, on which said member 5
  • the rear closure member 32 of the concentric member 35 is so positioned that the boss 53 can be disposed within the reel member 35.
  • the purpose of this arrangement is to provide a construction such that, although the fluid supply and removal means are associated with said frame member 55, the overall length of the reel and its supporting'member is only slightly, if at all, greater than one of the liquid processing reels 6 to H inclusive. Thus, a reel of this type can be substituted, if desired, for any one of the liquid processing reels.
  • Reel 02 is similar to the liquid processing reels in that its frame member 55 is provided with a flanged portion 58 adapted to be held by set screws 50 in a cup 59fixed to frame 10 of the apparatus ( Figure 2).
  • Bevel gear 65 fixed to the rear end of shaft Reel i2 is heated by the circulation of a suitable heating fluid through the hollow body portion lb of concentric reel member 35.
  • the frame member 55 is hollow, being constructed in such manner that it includes two compartments 68 and 69 through both of which passes drive shaft 31. Suitable sealing means H are provided to prevent the escape of fiuid past the drive Shaft from the interior of said compartments either from one compartment to the other or to the atmosphere.
  • the sealing means include a smooth-faced stationary member I2 against which bears a rotatable bearing member 13 urged thereagainst by a spring 14.
  • Spring 14 is compressed between a flexible annular sealing member I seated on member I3 and a support 16 rigidly fixed t0 the drive shaft-31, as by a set screw TI.
  • the support 16 in compartment 68 serves both seals N therein, while the support 16 in compartment 69 serves a single seal. Said seals aid in locating the drive shaft 31, and consequently the reel member 35, endwise of the reel.
  • Compartment 68 is provided with an opening 18 through which heating fluid is supplied from tube 19 connected to frame member 55.
  • the heating fluid passes through a port 88 in the wall of hollow drive shaft 31, thence longitudinally of said drive shaft, andfinally through port 82 into the interior of hollow body portion 48.
  • the heating fluid passes out of said hollow body portion 40 through an opening 83 in hollow drive shaft 31 which opening communicates with an interior tube 84 rigidlylfixed in said drive shaft.
  • the plug 41 at the unsupported end of hollow drive shaft 31 serves to separate the inner tube and the drive shaft and to prevent fluid from passing directly from the drive shaft to the tube or vice versa.
  • a similar plug 85 at the rear portion of said drive shaft 31 prevents the intermixing of the entering and discharging fluid.
  • supply tube 19 is connected to a supply conduit 88 which extends lengthwise of the apparatus in such manner as to permit it to serve a plurality of reels I2 disposed lengthwise of the machine as a whole.
  • discharge tube 88 communicates with a discharge conduit 88 which extends lengthwise of the apparatus to permit it to accommodate a plurality of reels l2.
  • Regulating valves 32 may be provided, as shown, to control the flow of heating fluid through the reel l2.
  • the heating fluid may be hot water, steam or any other suitable fluid which may be heated and circulated through the system. Other heating and circulatin means than that illustrated may of course be employed.
  • reel member 35 and the bar members 38 thereof are thus directly heated by the fluid circulated therethrough.
  • the other reel member 36, and particularly the bar members 38 thereof, are heated by radiation and conduction from concentric reel member 35.
  • This arrangement is particularly efllcient for drying thread, which is one reason why reel I2 is preferred for use in the apparatus. of the invention.
  • reel l2 per se constitutes no part of the invention, being the subject matter of copending application Serial No. 296,937, filed September 28, 1939; by Richard F. Bergmann.
  • Reel I4 is similar in many ways to reel 12 and operates in a generally similar manner. As appears from Figure 6, it comprises two wholly rigid reel members 35a and 36a. Concentric member 35a, the periphery of which is defined by a plurality of spaced, longitudinally extending bar members 3811, is mounted concentrically upon and for rotation with hollow drive shaft 31a. Member 36a, which may be termed the eccentric member, is rotatably mounted with its axis slightly offset from and inclined to that of member 35a. Its periphery includes a plurality of spaced, longitudinally extending bar members 3911 alternately disposed with respect to the bar members 380 of reel member 35a.
  • Concentric member 35a is formed as shown with its bar members 38a integral with a hollow body portion 48a.
  • Members Ma and 42a forming fluid-tight junctions with said body portion, 40a, not only close off the ends of said body portion but serve as means for mounting the reel member 35a on drive shaft 31a.
  • Reel member 35a is held on drive shaft 31a against a collar 49a, iixed'to said drive shaft, by bolt 45a, threaded into the end of said drive shaft.
  • Packing 93 which is disposed in a recess a, in member 42a, is compressed against collar 49a in order to prevent the escape of heating fluid from the interior of body portion 40a.
  • Eccentric reel member 36a is formed of a rigid cagelike member 58a concentrically mounted upon a rotatable supporting member 5M by means of bolts 52a.
  • Rigid cagelike member 58a comprises the bar members 39a fixed at their supported ends to an external annular reinforcing rib 53a, by means of which said cagelike member 58a is mounted on rotatable supporting member 5
  • Supporting member 5 la is mounted by means of spaced antifriction bearings 51a upon frame member 55a for rotation about an axis disposed in the desired offset and inclined relation with respect to the axis of rotation of concentric member 35a.
  • An externally toothed member 84a -on rear closure member 42a engages an annular internally toothed member 63a on supporting member 5la, thus driving eccentric reelmember 36a from concentric reel member 35a.
  • Drive shaft 31a is journalled in frame member 55a by means of bearing Ola disposed at the unsupported end of said,frame member and by meansjof antifriction bearing 62a supported in a cross member 84 fixed to the spaced, longitudinally extending members 95 forming part of frame member 55a. It is positioned against endwise movement between collar 48a and collar 98 bearing against the inner race of antifriction bearing 62a.
  • Drive shaft 31a is rotated by means of a bevel gear a mounted on said shaft between the longitudinally extending members 95.
  • Bevel gear 65a meshes with a corresponding gear on inclined drive shaft 61.
  • Frame member 55a is provided with a flanged portion 58a adapted to fit closely into and to be held in a cup member 59a fixed to the frame of the apparatus, whereby reel H is demountably supported in the apparatus.
  • the means for circulating heating fluid through the reel is generally similar to that above described.
  • a fitting 31 mounted on the longitudinally extending members 85 of frame'member 55a is provided with. two compartments 68a and 63a.
  • the drive shaft 81a projects into the forward compartment 68a, while tube 84a, fixed in said hollow drive shaft 31a, extends into rear compartment 69a.
  • Suitable plugs 41a and 85a are provided in said" hollow drive shaft 311; to
  • the rewetting is preferably done by applying the liquid to the thread at the rate of about 30 cc. per minute, the rate being detersupport inner tube 84:; and prevent fluid from mined by the amount of moisture which can passing directly from hollow drive shaft 31a to reabsorbed by the thread.
  • Suitable sealing means Ha are provided to prevent the escape of fluid from compartment 68a past driveshaft 31a or from compartment 69a into compartment 68a. 10
  • Heating fluid is supplied to compartment 68a through opening 18a and passes through ports Bla into the space between the inner tube. 85a
  • the fluid passes' out of said hollow drive shaft through ports 82a into the interior of body portion 40a of concentric reel member 35a. After circulating through said body portion, the fluid passes through ports 83a into the interior of inner tube 84a, whence it is discharged into the 20 rear compartment 69a. The heating fluid passes out of said compartment through port 810.
  • heating fluid is supplied through conduit 89a which extends longitudinally of the machine.
  • Tube 19a conducts the heating fluid from conduit 89a to entrance port 18a of reels M. After the heating fluid has circulated through thereel, it passes through a tube 88a connected to the discharge port 81a to a discharge conduit 90a extending longitudinally of the apparatus.
  • heating fluid for reels l4 may comprise any suitable medium such as hot water, steam or other suitable fluid.
  • the precise value in'agiven case depends upon 40 various factors, but will usually be found to be within the range between three quarters and .one and one quarter per cent. All other physical and physico-chemical characteristics are likewise exfilaments, is delivered at a speed of 68 meters per minute to reel 82, which is preferably made of aluminum. Still, in the gel state when it is passed to the reel, the thread has a moisture content ofapproximately 400%. The thread is at ordinary room temperatures before it is taken up by the reel, which is heated to at least 115 0.;
  • the reel At the high temperature to which the reel is heated, the moisture is rapidly driven from the thread.
  • the thread advances several. turns before it begins to shrink; accordingly, the reel is of substantially cylindrical configuration for about 1.5! lengthwise of its thread-bearing periphery, measuring from the supported end of the reel. From this portion, where the reel is of 5" diameter, the reel is tapered to a diameter of approximately 4.9", this in order to allow for shrinkage of the thread during the phase of. the
  • the last few turns of thread at the unsupported end of the reel i. e., for a distance of about A" lengthwise of the periphery of the reel, are rewet with an aqueous rewetting liquid after the thread )inclusiv'e. configuration throughout its length, having a narily absorb the rewetting liquid only until it attains a moisture content slightly in excess of 200%.
  • the thread has a highly uniform moisture content of approximately 200%, based on'the weight of the thread.
  • Reel I on which the final drying of the thread is'accomplished, is ordinarily designed to be heated to a temperature not greater than C., depending upon the nature of the thread being dried. In the instant example, it is heated to about 78 C.
  • An initial length of 1.5" of the periphery'of-the reel nearest the siipported end is substantially cylindrical. The next 3.5" of the length of the reel is tapered to allow'for shrinkage of the thread in the absence of substantial tension. The last 1.5" is substantially cylindrical to allow for complete drying of the thread after completion of the shrinkage.
  • reel I4 is of aluminum.
  • the thread is characterized by straight filaments of highly uniform characteristics.
  • thread which is dried only once, even with substantially unrestrained shrinkage is characterized by loops in its filaments which not only impair the appearance of the thread but also introduce dlfiiculties in forming the thread into fabric, This fact, together with the fact that on rewettingthe thread absorbs at most considerably less than its original moisture content; e. g., in the neighborhood of one-half of its original moisture content, indicates that a change in the structure of the thread takes place in the course of the first drying operation.
  • a method as in claim 1 including the step of drying the thread from the gel state while supporting it in the absence of substantial tension.
  • a method as in claim 1 including the steps of drying, rewetting and redrying the thread while supporting it in such manner that the tension in the thread remains substantially constant.
  • a method as in claim 1 including the step of drying the thread from the gel state while supporting it rigidly over substantially its entire length to thereby causetension to develop in the thread and to overcome the inherent tendency of the thread to shrink.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US297074A 1939-09-28 1939-09-29 Method of drying thread or the like Expired - Lifetime US2286213A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US296930A US2302908A (en) 1939-09-28 1939-09-28 Method of drying thread or the like
US297074A US2286213A (en) 1939-09-29 1939-09-29 Method of drying thread or the like
DEC1833D DE947506C (de) 1939-09-29 1940-09-13 Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von in einem fortlaufenden Arbeitsgang erzeugten kuenstlichen Faeden, insbesondere Kunstseidefaeden
NL99070A NL60426C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1939-09-29 1940-09-27
FR908354D FR908354A (fr) 1939-09-29 1941-04-09 Perfectionnements aux procédés et aux appareils pour le séchage de fils humides

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US297074A US2286213A (en) 1939-09-29 1939-09-29 Method of drying thread or the like

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US2286213A true US2286213A (en) 1942-06-16

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US (1) US2286213A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE947506C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR908354A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL60426C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

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US2416533A (en) * 1942-07-14 1947-02-25 North American Rayon Corp Process for the manufacture of synthetic yarn

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DE1107155B (de) * 1958-04-28 1961-05-18 Erich Kiefer Konstruktions K G Siebwalzentrockner fuer bandfoermiges Gut
US3266082A (en) * 1962-12-19 1966-08-16 Heplon Inc Tow stretcher

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DE234819C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
GB283063A (en) * 1927-06-10 1928-01-05 Henry Macoun Improvements relating to steam heated drying cans, or cylinders
DE508983C (de) * 1928-05-11 1930-10-02 I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges Vorrichtung zum fortlaufenden Waschen und Nachbehandeln frisch erzeugter kuenstlicher Faserstraenge
DE567379C (de) * 1931-02-27 1932-12-31 Parcofil A G Vorrichtung zur stufenweisen Nachbehandlung von Textilfasern, besonders Kunstfasern
NL36969C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1931-06-20
AT132394B (de) * 1931-07-02 1933-03-25 Erste Oesterreichische Glanzst Verfahren zum Nachbehandeln von künstlichen Fäden in Kuchenform.
DE641028C (de) * 1931-08-20 1937-01-18 Algemeene Kunstzijde Unie N V Verfahren zum Nachbehandeln von auf gelochte Spulen gesponnener, auf diesen gewaschener, nachbehandelter und getrockneter Kunstseide
DE671713C (de) * 1931-08-29 1939-02-14 Glanzstoff Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstseide mit gleichmaessiger Dehnbarkeit
AT136367B (de) * 1932-03-05 1934-01-25 Bemberg Ag Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Kunstfäden.
NL40191C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1932-03-05
DE585193C (de) * 1932-05-15 1933-09-29 Algemeene Kunstzijde Unie N V Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Kunstseide
NL35496C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1932-08-21 1900-01-01
DE663072C (de) * 1935-03-09 1938-07-28 Glanzstoff Courtaulds G M B H Verfahren zum Trocknen von huelsenlosen Fadenwickeln aus regenerierter Cellulose, insbesondere von Kunstseidespinnkuchen
NL59182C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1936-10-26

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416533A (en) * 1942-07-14 1947-02-25 North American Rayon Corp Process for the manufacture of synthetic yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR908354A (fr) 1946-04-08
NL60426C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1948-01-15
DE947506C (de) 1956-08-16

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