US2226991A - Television tube - Google Patents

Television tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2226991A
US2226991A US754048A US75404834A US2226991A US 2226991 A US2226991 A US 2226991A US 754048 A US754048 A US 754048A US 75404834 A US75404834 A US 75404834A US 2226991 A US2226991 A US 2226991A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
deflecting
tube
plates
potential
anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US754048A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schlesinger Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOEWE RADIO Inc
Original Assignee
LOEWE RADIO Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOEWE RADIO Inc filed Critical LOEWE RADIO Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2226991A publication Critical patent/US2226991A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
    • H01J29/62—Electrostatic lenses
    • H01J29/622—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution
    • H01J29/624—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution co-operating with or closely associated to an electron gun
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/70—Arrangements for deflecting ray or beam
    • H01J29/72—Arrangements for deflecting ray or beam along one straight line or along two perpendicular straight lines
    • H01J29/74—Deflecting by electric fields only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/26—Push-pull amplifiers; Phase-splitters therefor
    • H03F3/28—Push-pull amplifiers; Phase-splitters therefor with tubes only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/02—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only
    • H04N3/04—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only having a moving aperture also apertures covered by lenses

Definitions

  • the invention relatesto Braun tubes for television purposes comprising an electrostatic electron-optical system for producing sharp image points and electrostatic scanning deflecting sys-- tems and two arrangements including. such Braun tubes.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a Braun tube for television purposescomprising an electrostatic electron-optical system and wherein means are provided for preventing an interception of electrons at said systemaswell as at the electrodes mounted between said system and the cathode.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a IBraunv tubefor television purposes comprising an electrostatic electron-optical system and electrostatic deflecting systems for the purpose of defleeting the ray for scanning the picture receiving screen and wherein an influence of'said electrostatic systems upon one another is prevented.
  • a further object of the invention is a circuit for operating such Braun tubes.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of a Braun. tube according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a view of the electrode system from the front side.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates. the distortion occurring in the tubes known heretoiore, which is prevented by the invention.
  • Figs. 4-6. show some embodiments ofcircuits for operating the Braun tube
  • FIG. 4 the principal idea of the invention is shown, while in ,Fig. 5 a circuit is shown wherein a so-called phase reversing tube is employed.
  • Fig. 6 shows acircuit operating without a phase reversing tube.
  • l is a glow cathode, 2 a perforated control plate or grid arranged in front of the cathode for controlling the intensity of the cathode ray.
  • a small metallic rim 3 which may be part of a metallic cylinder surrounding the cathode and the control electrode.
  • 9 is a tubular electrode arranged between the control grid and the anode iii.
  • the electrode 9 is supplied by means of a potentiometer arrangement 5 with a potential which is lower than the maximum potential of the potential source 6 amounting to approximately NOS-10,000 volts.
  • the combination of the electrode 9 with the anode is represents the reproducing electron-optical system of the tube.
  • the electrons in the first instance are preliminarily accelerated by the suction anode l furnished with a large aperture (2-4 mm. bore).
  • the object to be reproduced is represented by the aperture of the diaphragm 8; the size of this aperture depends upon the size of the image point to lee-produced (of the order of .5 mm.).
  • The. aperture in the diaphragm 8 is furnished with that particular geometric form which it is desired to impart to the image point.
  • the combination of the electrodes 2,3,1 and s also constitutes'a kind a of an electron-optical system.
  • the tube is so constructed that the electrons do not come toa focus in the space between I and 8 nor in the aperture of 8.
  • the concentrating forces of the optic 2, 3, T, 8 are to be made so small that the rays at the most run parallel or otherwise diverge slightly towards the diaphragm 8.
  • the arrangement as shown there is an appreciable refractive power between the electrodes 2, 3, 1. This preliminary concentration is all the greater the more the metallic rim 3 projects beyond the grid 2 and the greater the difference in potential between 3 and l or the smaller the distance between 3 andl. According, therefore, to the.
  • the latter distance is selected to be comparatively large, for example, approximately 5-10 mm., and the length of the rim 3 relatively small (approximately 2 mm.) with a difference in potential amounting to a few hundred volts.
  • the diameter of the control cylinder 2 and the distance between cylinder and preliminary anode I are of the same order, and the height of 3 is one third thereof or less.
  • the preliminary concentration naturally varies somewhat with the control at the grid 2.
  • the entire optic should be so adjusted by correct selection of the stated dimensions and biases that in the position white, i. e., with maximum intensity of the ray current, the diameter of the cathode ray bundle is at a minimum at the diaphragm 8. In practice this minimum is of the same order as the cathode spot.
  • the distance of the diaphragm 8 from I and 2 is found by dioptre construction, and in the passage of the rays according to the invention, and may be selected to be all the smaller without cutting or intercepting of the rays, and accordingly the thicker the bundle may be allowed to be in the rear parts of the bulb of the tube.
  • the use of a narrow bundle is preferable and therefore the distance 2, 8 is selected comparatively 'long, i. e., approximately 20-30 mm. in length; in this case, i. e., when using narrow bundles, the deflecting plates may be positioned more closely together in the rear part of the tube and thus made more sensitive.
  • a further advantage consists in that the deflection of narrow bundles through lenses with limited aperture is more readily possible than in the case of very wide bundles.
  • the tubular member 9 is passed on the one hand up to the anode I, or maybe electrically connected therewith. This serves to withhold electrostatic transverse fields, which might result from leads I0 and II to the more highly tensioned electrodes of the tube.
  • a screen I2 between the suctiona1 anode I and the control grid 2, 3 is provided.
  • the electrostatic lens is formed by the front edge of the tubular member 9 in conjunction with a large diaphragm I3.
  • the aperture of the lens is determined under consideration of the thickness of the bundles of rays, which in turn is calculated from the dioptric eiTect I, I, 8.
  • This aperture is provided with a diameter of such size that all rays pass clearly through, but is made so small that the reciprocal of the fleld of the next adjacent deflecting plates I4, I5 into the interior of the tubular member 9 is very small.
  • the diameter of 9 will be 20 mm., the diameter of I3of the same order, and the spacing between'the two approximately 5-10 mm.
  • a safety spacing which must be approximately equal to the spacing of the plates from one another.
  • the diaphragm I3 is raised to the same potential as a silvered portion in the rear part of the bulb I8.
  • the connection between the two is produced by wiper springs I9.
  • the tubular member 9 is secured to the glass tubes with the use of two or more guide collars 20, 2
  • the four glass tubes containing conductors I0, III, II and II are so strongly dimensioned that the deflecting system I4, I5, I6, I! may be suspended thereon in cantilever fashion and that the whole may be introduced from the rear into the bulb.
  • Fig. 2 shows a .view of the system from the front. There are to be seen the four deflecting plates I4, I5, I6 and I'I.' There are also to be recognized the four insulating tubes in the interior of which there are situated the leads I0, II, III, II, to the plates. There are also shown the guide rings 20, 2
  • Fig. 3 serves to explain matters in this connection.
  • the same shows the static lens, 9, I3 on the one hand and the deflecting plates I4, I5 next adjacent thereto onthe other hand.
  • the plate I4 is earthed and the plate I5 positively biassed with respect to I3, for exampleby the deflecting voltage generator 22, there is superposed to the original lens potential in the upper part of the figure a positive marginal field potential.
  • the cathode ray i. e., the point under observation, moves, however, exactly into occurs a disturbance of the lens effect in the upper part of the drawing due to he diminution of the refractive power of the lens, but th point,
  • Deflecting fields of thekind under (a) may be produced, for example, by counter-cadence operation of the plates l4; IS, in which to the one plate there is conducted the deflectingpotential and to the other plate a potential of equal amplitude but reversed phase, so that the one plate in relation to its surrounding always becomes more 'positive to the same extent to which the potential of the other plate passes into negative.
  • Fig. 4 The principle is described-more particularly withthe assistance of Fig. 4.
  • the anode 24 is the anode of a Braun tube, out of the aperture of which the ray 25 is assumed to pass vertically to the plane of the paper.
  • This anode 24, as before, is earthed.
  • the deflecting plates 26 and 2'! are each connected over a resistance 28 respectively 29 with earth and anode.
  • shown in the drawings are energized with their cathodes negative with respect to earth by the potential Ea as supplied by means of a battery. 32; their grids are biassed negatively in such fashion against the cathodes by means of a grid battery 33 (-E'g) so that in the state of rest no appreciable current flows through the tubes.
  • the two grids are. operated in counter-cadence, which in the case of a frequency range which is not excessive may readily be accomplished by means of a counter-cadence or push-pulltransformer 34.
  • the cathode ray is moved only by repulsion.
  • One of thetwo plates, for example 21, is
  • state of rest is herein intended to mean that state in which no scanning voltage at all is appliedto the deflecting plates.
  • the current taken from the anodev battery 32 is proportional to the de flection amplitude. Since there is no flow of cross-current, the resistances 2 8 and 29 may be made as highly ohmic as allowed by the parallel reactances in the case ofthe operating frequency. There are accordingly selected, for example, for 28 and 29' values between .05 and .5 megohm. Since the battery 32' isjreqiiired to supply merely very weak currents, there may be employed as such according to the invention the anode'battery of the Braun tube (see Fig. 5).
  • the grid bias 33 is made to be variable, and the optimum thereof is adjusted in each single case.
  • An additional improvement may be obtained with the use of multi-system valves comprising two exactly equal preferably cylindrical electrodes systems,'each system possessing a separate cathode.
  • a counter-cadence or push-pull transformer (34) may prove to be impossible.
  • may take place by means of a phase-reversing tube.
  • a circuit of this kind is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the generator for example, a relaxation oscillation generator producing oscillations of a maximum amplitude of, say, volts.
  • the grid of a tube 31 is supplied through the medium of a condenser 38 and potential distributor 39 with a part of this potential, and supplies at a small anode resistance 40 (approximately 2000 ohms) a potential, which is equal in amount tothe potential 36, but possesses the opposite phase.
  • the alternating potentials are passed via the condensers 4
  • the arrangement according to Fig. 6 may be operated without a special phase-reversing tube 31 if indirectly heated cathodes are employed and the grid of the tube 3
  • the generator 36 will be provided with a comparatively smallresistance 46 (of the order of 1000- 5000 ohms), the centre of which is connected to the two cathodes of the tubes 30 and 3
  • the bias is again obtained from a battery 33.
  • the functions of the connection system are the same as those in Fig. 4. There may be obtained, however, altogether merely half the degree of amplification obtainable in that case.
  • the maximum potential amplitude of the output circult is the same.
  • the advantage of input control without power output is, however, lost, as the resistance 46 is small as compared with the resistances 28 and 29, i. e., is itself not highly ohmic.
  • Deflecting fields of the kind set forth under (b), above may be produced by employing for control purposes solely negative plates, i. e., by charging on each occasion the plate I4 and the plate l5 negatively in succession, the other plate being passed to earth.
  • a cathode ray beam deflecting system comprising a cathode ray tube having means including an accelerating anode to produce a narrow focussed beam of electrons, a pair of deflecting plates associated with the produced beam and adapted for causing deflection of the beam, a pair of reactance elements connected in series across said plates, a source of potential for maintaining the junction of the reactance elements negative with respect to the accelerating anode of the cathode ray tube, a pair of discharge tubes each having a cathode, a control electrode and an output electrode, means for directly connecting the output electrode of KURT SCHLESINGER.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
US754048A 1932-06-27 1934-11-21 Television tube Expired - Lifetime US2226991A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE421603X 1932-06-27
DE1933R0089182 DE694605C (de) 1932-06-27 1933-11-11 Verfahren zur Ablenkung des. Kathodenstrahls in Kathodenstrahlroehren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2226991A true US2226991A (en) 1940-12-31

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ID=40874717

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US754048A Expired - Lifetime US2226991A (en) 1932-06-27 1934-11-21 Television tube

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2226991A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE406492A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE694605C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (4) FR757658A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (5) GB421603A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL46049C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597363A (en) * 1951-06-29 1952-05-20 Ibm Cathode-ray storage tube
US2745038A (en) * 1954-10-26 1956-05-08 Rca Corp Semiconductor signal translating circuit
US3873878A (en) * 1970-07-31 1975-03-25 Tektronix Inc Electron gun with auxilliary anode nearer to grid than to normal anode

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE739047C (de) * 1935-09-30 1943-09-09 Fernseh Gmbh Ablenkspulensystem fuer Elektronenstrahlroehren
DE923686C (de) * 1935-11-13 1955-02-21 Interessengemeinschaft Fuer Ru Ablenksysteme fuer Kathodenstrahl-Roehren
GB468394A (en) * 1936-01-14 1937-07-05 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in time bases for cathode ray tubes
DE909234C (de) * 1936-12-16 1954-04-15 Zeiss Ikon Ag Anordnung zur Erzielung einer verzerrungsfreien Ablenkgeometrie bei Braunschen Roehren
DE747207C (de) * 1937-09-03 1944-09-15 Lorenz C Ag Kippschaltung zur Erzeugung symmetrischer Ablenkspannungen oder Ablenkstroeme
DE756688C (de) * 1937-09-18 1954-01-25 Aeg Braunsche Roehre, insbesondere fuer Mess- oder Fernsehzwecke, mit zwei oder mehr gegeneinander gedrehten Ablenkplattenpaaren
US4933598A (en) * 1986-12-27 1990-06-12 Sony Corporation Cathode-ray tube with internal insulated electrical conductors

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597363A (en) * 1951-06-29 1952-05-20 Ibm Cathode-ray storage tube
US2745038A (en) * 1954-10-26 1956-05-08 Rca Corp Semiconductor signal translating circuit
US3873878A (en) * 1970-07-31 1975-03-25 Tektronix Inc Electron gun with auxilliary anode nearer to grid than to normal anode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR45728E (fr) 1935-11-18
GB421603A (en) 1934-12-27
DE694605C (de) 1940-08-05
BE406492A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1934-12-31
GB452650A (en) 1936-08-26
FR45389E (fr) 1935-07-26
GB447070A (en) 1936-05-11
NL46049C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1939-07-15
GB423427A (en) 1935-01-28
FR46068E (fr) 1936-02-15
GB452844A (en) 1936-08-26
FR757658A (fr) 1933-12-29

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