US2167500A - Ditch cutting device - Google Patents

Ditch cutting device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2167500A
US2167500A US186060A US18606038A US2167500A US 2167500 A US2167500 A US 2167500A US 186060 A US186060 A US 186060A US 18606038 A US18606038 A US 18606038A US 2167500 A US2167500 A US 2167500A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wedge
cylinders
pressure
pistons
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US186060A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dornfeld Reinhold
Haage Konrad
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US2167500A publication Critical patent/US2167500A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/26—Drilling without earth removal, e.g. with self-propelled burrowing devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to the production of ditches, trenches and galleries under and above ground. It is an object of our invention to provide a device adapted for use in the production of such ditches, trenches or galleries in compressible soil without resorting to digging or excavating by means of shovels, dredges or the like.
  • the ditches, trenches or galleries are produced in a manner similar to that employed when driving piles into the ground under he-avy pressure. It is wellknown that any kind of soil, excepting rocky soil, can be condensed or compacted by pressure, as is evidenced by the possibility of driving piles into soil of any descriptionv save only rocky ground. We have found that by employing methods similar to those used in pile driving, we are enabled to produce galleries, ditches and trenches in any kind oi non-rocky ground including sand, gravel, marl and loam.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line A-B in Fig. 3, while Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line C-D in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 a plan view, partly in longitudinal section.
  • the device here shown consists of three main parts, viz., a propelling wedge a, a block of cylinders l2 and laterally arranged pressure plates c.
  • rlhe wedge a is connected by means of connecting pieces lc, formed with ball-shaped ends, with pistons e arranged for axial reciprocation in horizontally superposed cylinders y extending in the longitudinal direction of the gallery or trench to be produced, these cylinders g being arranged in pairs, as shown more particularly in Fig. 2. Between two pairs of superposed cylinders and extending at right angles thereto are arranged horizontally positioned cylinders h enclosing pistons d which are connected by means of connecting pieces k with the pressure plates c, which are arranged to the rear of the propelling wedge a in such manner as to be accommodated in the cavity produced by the wedge.
  • the cylinders g and h are here shown at fr as being rigidly iixed te each other by welding and forming together the block of cylinders b.
  • p is a pressure pump and q is an electro-motor driving it.
  • the pump is arranged to force a pressure fluid, for instance water, through a pipe 0 into all the cylinders g and h.
  • j is a bottom plate fixed to the bottom 'It of the propelling wedge and supporting the cylinder block b, which may slide thereon, relative movement being facilitated by the insertion of a lubricant or of rollers i or the like.
  • the plates c Since the pressure acting on the plates c rises in the same proportion as the pressure acting on the wedge a, the plates c are forced against the side walls of the cavity with great force. If now the size and number of plates c and of the pistons d acting on them is chosen correspondingly, the pressure exerted by the plates c on the side walls will become such that the friction generated between the plates c and the side walls easily balances the back pressure exerted by the longitudinally propelled pistons e. The friction coeflicient between the plates c and the side walls of the cavity will amount to about 0.4-0.6 and consequently the entire supercial area of the lateral pistons d should be about the double of the entire area of the longitudinally active pistons e.
  • I'fhe superficial area of the pressure plates c should be so chosen that the specific pressure between these plates and the lateral walls of the cavity is smaller th-an the specific pressure between the propelling wedge a and the soil, in order that the Wedge and not the pressure plates c will enter the ground.
  • the ecienoy of the device is a surprisingly great one.
  • the propelling wedge is forced into the ground when the pressure acting on its front surface attains 20-40 kilograms per square centimetre, and this without taking into account that with the Wedge far more favorable conditions prevail than with the pile, which must overcome, besides the front resistance, also very high frictional forces arising at the long cylindrical surface.
  • a frontal surface of 1.2 square metres and a specific pressure of 40 kilograms per square centimetre a force of 480,000 kilograms is required to force the wedge into the ground. If the hydraulic pump is driven by a H. P. motor, 7500 metreekilograms per second are available.
  • the new device thus appears to be particularly suitable for the construction of sewers at considerable depth below ground, which can now be done without any digging. It is also very suitable for a quick noiseless production of mining galleries and of connections between different stations.
  • a device for the driving of galleries and trenches in compressible soil comprising in combination, a wedge having a greatest cross-section substantially equal to the cross-section of the gallery or trench to be driven, a body to the rear of said wedge, pressure plates guided on the outside of said body and means forming part of said body for propelling said wedge so as to force it into the soil and for expanding said plates in a direction transversely to the direction of propulsion so as to force same against the walls of the trench or gallery and to provide an abutment for said wedge.
  • the body to the rear of the wedge comprises hydraulic cylinders and pistons for propelling the wedge and for expanding the pressure plates, means being provided to the rear of said body for forcing a pressiue fluid into said cylinders.
  • the body to the rear of the wedge comprises hydraulic cylinders and pistons for propelling the wedge and for expanding the pressure plates, means being provided to the rear of said body for forcing a pressure fluid into said cylinders, the total effective surface area of the expanding piston being about twice that of the propelling piston.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
US186060A 1936-10-23 1938-01-21 Ditch cutting device Expired - Lifetime US2167500A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED73730D DE682338C (de) 1936-10-23 1936-10-23 Geraet zum Herstellen von Stollen und Graeben
NL85758A NL51146C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1936-10-23 1937-12-30
GB597/38A GB508970A (en) 1936-10-23 1938-01-08 Improvements in machines for forming shafts, tunnels, trenches and the like in earth
FR832069T 1938-01-14
BE425850T 1938-01-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2167500A true US2167500A (en) 1939-07-25

Family

ID=25972748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US186060A Expired - Lifetime US2167500A (en) 1936-10-23 1938-01-21 Ditch cutting device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2167500A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE425850A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE682338C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR832069A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB508970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL51146C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490388A (en) * 1947-09-30 1949-12-06 Oliver B Tweeten Ditching machine
US3332721A (en) * 1964-07-16 1967-07-25 Nii Osnovany I Podzemnykh Soor Device having adjustable knives for forming tunnels in soil
US4274758A (en) * 1979-08-20 1981-06-23 Schosek William O Device to secure an underground pipe installer in a trench
US4770256A (en) * 1982-06-16 1988-09-13 Yitshaq Lipsker Soil drilling

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1209974B (de) * 1953-10-01 1966-02-03 Emil Krupke Vorrichtung zur Herstellung unterirdischer Kanaele in lockeren Erdboeden mit einem hydraulisch vorgetriebenen Kopf
DE1110575B (de) * 1955-01-25 1961-07-06 Burkhardt Hoffmann Verfahren und unter Gelaende arbeitende Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Erdgraeben od. dgl. ohne Aushub
DE1288513B (de) * 1962-07-09 1969-01-30 Weinmann Franz Josef Vorrichtung zum Durchfuehren von Erd- und Gesteinsmassen
DE2622702C3 (de) * 1976-05-21 1980-08-14 Paul 5940 Lennestadt Schmidt Vorrichtung zum Eindrücken von Rohren in ein Bruchhaufwerk, insbesondere zur Rettung Verschütteter
SE436434B (sv) * 1979-11-19 1984-12-10 Lundstroem O W Forfarande och anordning for upptagande av dike
DE4028265A1 (de) * 1990-09-06 1992-03-12 Werner Foppe Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen erstellung von tunnel in alluvialen untergruenden nach dem verdraengungsprinzip
CN106481351B (zh) * 2016-11-25 2018-09-14 沈阳建筑大学 隧道挖掘保护罩

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490388A (en) * 1947-09-30 1949-12-06 Oliver B Tweeten Ditching machine
US3332721A (en) * 1964-07-16 1967-07-25 Nii Osnovany I Podzemnykh Soor Device having adjustable knives for forming tunnels in soil
US4274758A (en) * 1979-08-20 1981-06-23 Schosek William O Device to secure an underground pipe installer in a trench
US4770256A (en) * 1982-06-16 1988-09-13 Yitshaq Lipsker Soil drilling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB508970A (en) 1939-07-10
DE682338C (de) 1939-10-12
FR832069A (fr) 1938-09-20
BE425850A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1938-02-28
NL51146C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1941-10-15

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