US2121948A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

June 28,1938. I A. BOVRLAND BURNER Filed May 11, 1935 'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.

ATTOR/Vfy Patented June28, "1938 PAT NT omen wanna ,Carl A. Box-land, Chicago, 111., assignorto West- .ern Electric Company, Incorporated, New York,

N. Y., a corporation or New York Application May 11, 1935, Serial No. 20.919

'1 Claims. (curse- 1c) This invention relates to a burner, and more particularly to a piloted gasburner. I

In some industrial plants gas is purchased at a price based on a maximum demand for a given period and when an amount 01 gas equal to the fixed maximum demand has been consumed, gas may; be generated at the plant to'avoid paying a premium price above the maximum demand price. The generated gas, however, may-have a different rate of flame propagation than the purchased gas and will therefore not burn eflectively in some typeset burners.

An object oithe present invention is to provide an efiective and eificient burner having a wide is range of utility.

In accordance with one embodiment of the invention a burner isprovided having a main flame orifice surrounded by a plurality of auxiliary flame orifices from which gas issues at a rate increasing with their proximity to the main flame.

,Qther objects and advantages will appear as Bthe description proceeds.

A complete understanding 0! the invention may be had by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing,in which a a Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section or a burner nozzle. embodying the invention;

e0 Fig. 2 is an end view or the burner nozzle in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a modified form or burner nozzle; I

x v t Fig. 4 is an end view or a burner nozzle shown ,35-inFig.3;\

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section or a further modification of the invention;

Fig. 8 is an end view oi-the modification or the 1 burner nozzle shown in Fig. 5; a Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section oi a still further modification of the invention, and

Fig. 8 is an end view of the burner shown in Fig. 7..

Referring now more in detail to the drawing and particularly to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a conduit II is shown which may be directly or indirectly connected to a source of combustible gas and is usually provided with a valve (not shown) for regulating the amount or gas supplied to a nozzle I2. The nozy zie I! has a central orifice ll of relatively short length so as'to emit'gas at a high velocity to produce a main flame ll. Extending radially from the orifice i8 is a plurality of series of auxiliary 66 flame orifices II. The innerorifice I5 01 each of the series is'slightly longer thanthe orifice II and oi considerably smaller cross-section and each succeedingorifice of each series is relatively longer than the preceding one, the longest orifice 01 each series being the one adjacent the 5 and the velocity oi gas emitted from the intervening orifices will progressively decrease from the inner orifice to the outer orifice oi each series.

when the main flame is burned from the orifice l5.

IS the position of the flame will vary with the velocity of the gas and the rate of flame propagation of the gas used. That is, with one type of gas the flame I 4 may extend from its tip to the point where the gas issues from the orifice II, 20 while with a gas of a lower rate of flame propagation the flame Il may not begin until some point spaced from the orifice it. when the flame does not extend down to the orifice II there is danger that the flame may leave the nozzle. 25 completely and be extinguished. To prevent such a contingency the auxiliary flame orifices are provided. Since the gas issues more slowly through the auxiliary orifices the flame even of the inner orifice or each series may extend down so that there is no danger at any time that all or v the flames will leave the nozzle and be entirely extinguished. A burner of this type may be used,

with ordinary manufactured gas iorcertain peri- 4o ods of the day and when there is danger of exceeding the maximum demand rate'ior the gas, the burner may be connected to a difierent source or gas, such as compressed liquefied gases which are well known on the market. to keep the cost 45 of operating the burner at a minimum.

Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a modified form or the invention in which the burner nozzle is provided with a central aperture II for the main flame which is surrounded by a plurality of radially 50 extending slots II. The slots I! are of progressively increasing length toward the outer periphery oi the nozzle so as to restrict the flow of gas most at the periphery of the nozzle. The eflect of this will be similar to the efi'ect described in connection with the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate an embodiment oi the invention having a central aperture II for the main flame and a plurality of radially extending apertures l9 which are all of the same length but vary in cross-section, the apertures adjacent the main flame aperture l8 being oi-largest crosssection and progressively decreasing to the apertures adjacent the periphery.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate an embodimentoi the invention having a star-shaped aperture 2| which in efiect forms a central main flame orifice surrounded by a plurality of wedge-shaped slots which restrict the flow of gas least adjacent the central opening and restrict the gas most adjacent the periphery of the nozzle.

Each of the several burner nozzles disclosed accomplishes a substantially similar result in maintaining the main flame and insuring the efl'ective operation of the burner with gases of various rates of flame propagation.

It will be understood that the nature and embodiments of the invention herein described and illustrated are merely convenient, useful forms of the invention and that many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope oi the invention.

What is claimed is:

l. A burner comprising a nomle having a main burner orifice for emitting gas at a high velocity, and an elongated auxiliary orifice with a tapering cross-section for producing an auxiliary flame having a gas velocity diminishing progressively and outwardly between the main burner orifice and the periphery of the nozzle.

2. A burner comprising a nozzle having a main flame orifice, and an auxiliary flame orifice havinga uniiorm/length and converging side walls to emit gas at a plurality oi" velocities ranging between predetermined limits and decreasing with the distance from the main flame. v 3. A burner comprising a nozzle, having a main flame orifice, and an auxiliary flame orifice of substantially similar length and progressively decreasing cross-section in accordance with the distance from the main flame.

4. A burner comprising a nozzle having a central main flame orifice and a radially extending orifice of progressively greater restriction to emit gas at progressively lower velocities toward the periphery of the nozzle.

5. A gas burner nozzle comprising a series of elongated orifices extending radially from a common center, each of said orifices having tapered side walls for causing delivery of the gas at a plurality of velocities decreasing uniformly with the distance from the center of the nozzle.

6. A burner comprising a nozzle havinga high gas velocity main burner orifice, and an auxiliary orifice for emitting gas at velocities decreasing uniformly with the distance from the main orifice.

7. A gas burner comprising a cylindrical nozzle, a main gas orifice through the center of. the nozzle, and a series of uniformly spaced slots extending radially from the main orifice and having tapered side walls, converging at the nozzle periphery.

CARL A. BORLAND.

Images