US2840152A

US2840152A - Gas burner heads

Info

Publication number: US2840152A
Application number: US563958A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert D Reed
Original assignee: John Zink Co
Current assignee: Zinklahoma Inc
Priority date: 1956-02-07
Filing date: 1956-02-07
Publication date: 1958-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 1975-06-24

Description

' June 24,1958 R. D. REED 2,840,152-

GAS BURNER HEADS Fil ed Feb. 7, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y )v7A IINVENTOR ROBERT D. REED ATTORNEY June 24, 1958 R. D. REED GAS BURNER HEADS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 7, 1956 INVENTOR ROBERT D. REED ATTORNEY United States Patent Oflice 2,840,152 Patented June 24, 1958 GAS BURNER HEADS Robert D. Reed, Tulsa, Okla., assiguor to John Zink Company, Tulsa, Okla., a corporation of Delaware Application February 7, 1956, Serial No. 563,958

2 Claims. (Cl. 158-116) The present invention relates to burners for the combustion of gaseous fuel and more specifically pertains to the structural characteristics of the tip and to the disposition of the discharge ports for varying the shape of the flame and means in association with the head to promote and maintain stable burning of the gaseous fuel issuing from the discharge ports.

An object of the'invention is to provide shield means in association with angularly disposed discharge ports for the gaseous fuel so as to permit some but to'avoid unlimited quantities of air to be drawn into the presence of high velocity jets of gaseous fuel issuing from'the discharge ports to thereby provide a burner-which is stable in operation.

A more detailed object is to provide generally conical shaped shield means integral with the burner head so as to be supported thereby including a frustro-conical solid portion in an annular area around the discharge end of the burner head with circumferentially spaced finger portions extending outwardly from the solid portion of the shield means to provide open areas between the finger portions to permit limited quantities of air to move into the lower pressure area developed by the high'velocity gas jets issuing from the discharge ports.

A still further object of the invention is to provide one annular surface on the burner head which slopes in relation to the axis of the burner structure for accommodating discharge ports which may be arranged at different angles and at the same time provide for stable burning of gaseous fuel issuing therefrom at relatively high velocity from a gas supply under pressure of from one to fifty pounds.

Other objects and features of the invention will be appreciated and become apparent to those skilled in the combustion art as the present disclosure proceeds and upon consideration of the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings wherein several embodiments of the invention are disclosed.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is an axial sectional view of a burner structure exhibiting the invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view on a larger scale.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view illustrating ranges of angular disposition of the discharge ports.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional axial view of a modified burner tip. i

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the flame shape developed when a major portion of the gaseous fuel escapes through the ports having low included angles with respect to the center line or axis of the burner.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the shape of the flame when the major portion of the fuel escapes through ports disposed at a high included angle with reference to the axis of the burner.

The invention is directed to a burner structure having an annular surface which slopes with reference to the center line of the burner and which accommodates at.

pounds issues through the discharge ports.

of dischargewports serve the further purpose of providing for stable ignition of the fuel even when it issues at high velocity through the discharge ports as is the case when the gaseous fuel under pressure of one to fifty The invention includes shield means in association with such a burner head so as to provide for the access of a limited quantity of air to the presence of the burning fuel in the vicinity of the discharge orifices.

Referring to the drawings there is shown at 10 a burner head embodying the invention and it includes a centrally located tube 11 of cylindrical shape. A fiustroconical shaped annular wall 12 flares outwardly in proceeding from the downstream end of the tube 11. A second frustro-conical wall 14 is carried by the peripheral edge of the annular wall 12 and flares outwardly therefrom. In one embodiment the wall 14 is arranged at an angle of about one hundred and five degrees with reference to the plane of the annular wall 12. The outer edge of the frustro-conical wall 14 joins -a cylindrical tubular member 16 having its axis concentric with the tube 11 and providing an annular space 17 between the tubular member. 16 and the tube 11.

The rear or upstream end of the tube 11 is connected to a pipe 18 in any suitable manner so as to provide an impervious connection therebetween. A conduit 19 having a diameter equal to that of the tubular member 16 is 1 connected thereto in any suitable, manner as shown in Fig. 1. An end wall 21 closes the rear end of the conduit 19 and this end Wall is sealed at 22 about the periphery of the pipe 18. A supply pipe for gaseous fuel is shown at 23 for guiding gas under pressure for movement in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 1 into the annular space 17. The'gaseous fuel without primary air being mixed therewith is used for supplying fuel to the burner head but the burner is capable of operation when.

primary air is mixed with the gaseous fuel supplied to the annular space 17. The pipe 18 is open along its axis for the insertion of an auxiliary burner head shown at 24 which may be arranged within the tube 11 and supplied with liquid fuel through a supply pipe 26.

The burner structure includes shield means shown gen erally at 27 which has an overall frustro-conical shape and is preferably formed integral with the burner head 10 at the juncture of the tubular member 16 'with the frustro-conical wall 14. The inner annular portion of the frustro-conical shield means is in the form of an unapertured flange 28 which in one embodiment is arranged at an angle of about eighty degrees with reference to the central axis of the burner structure. The shield means includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced plate like fingers 29'-which extend outwardly from the periphery of the continuous flange 28. The fingers 29 are arranged in the same plane as the inner unapertured annular portion 28. The fingers 'provide open areas 31 therebetweens Any number of the fingers 29 may be employed and the circumferential dimensions thereof may be altered to thereby vary the number and dimensions of the open areas 31. The radial dimensions of the fingers 29 may i be variedin relation to the radius of the unapertured ring portion 28. In the embodiment illustrated the radius of the annular portion 28 is approximately one-third of the radial dimensions of each of the fingers 29. a

The burner head 16 is provided with two rows of discharge ports. One row is shown at 32 and the other row is represented at 33. The angular disposition of the discharge ports in each row and the size and number in each row may bevaried andserye to provide 1101761116 sults in the operation of the burner. The size and angular disposition of the discharge ports are such that they not only control the shape of the flame produced by the burner head but serve the. further purpose of maintaining. ignitiongof, the burning'fueL]. If-substantiallytallj of the. fuel in'the. annular-space 1:7 was disch'arged 'through the,

row of ports 32 each of which has itsiaxis disposed atan angle between fifty, andeighty. degrees with .respccttothe axis or; center line of the burner there wouldbeino dif-' ficulty in maintaininglignition. l The dischargcgot substantially all. of thewgaseous; fuel through such angularly disposed ports produces a'flame shape somewhat as shown the shape as shown at 51 in" Fig. 5 is provided when the axes of these ports aredisposed at an anglebetween ten and thirty-five degreesflwith.respect. to theaxis of the.

burner. An angular disposition of the ports to provide such a 'fiame shapepresents.difficulties in themaintenance of ignition; Il'ljOIdCl' togmaintain stable ignition of a flame somewhat; asshowntat 513 in Fig. 5. the row of ports 32 are ofjsuch sizerand nurnber as to permit approximately twenty percent of the: total fuel toescape throughthehigh includedangle. ports 32. while the remainingteighty percent escapes. through the. low included.

angle. ports 33. Thcqsmallvolume of fuel discharged through the =ports.32 is shieldedimrnediately. upon escape from the downstream .end, of these parts by solid orunapertured portion28 of the. shield means 27. This stable burning fuel is drawn into the gas discharged through the row of, ports '33 to. provide. ample heat forkindling and rekindling. the. fuel escaping through the low included angle port andstableburning results. Thus the burner structure provides forJarekindIing of the fuel to maintain combustion of; an elongated .flame shownin 51 at Fig. 5 while. the flame portion indicated at 52 isdeveloped from the fuel issuing through the high included angle ports 32 .is drawn :into the mainflame to maintain rekindling. The stability of the flameis in part maintained by the shield means 27 deflecting the air from the zone immediately; downstream from the discharge ports to thereby avoidtcoolingof. the flamesbelow the kindling temperatur'etas a result of the inrushing air;

Annodification oflthe burner head is shown in Fig. 4 wherein the. central downstreamend of. the burner tip is closed. v'lhisxburner headincludesa short tubular member 36. whichiisl adaptedstot be connected. in. any suitable manner. to..a supply conduit 37.. An inwardly conver ing substantially fi'ustroaconical, wall 38liscarriedby or formed integral with the for-ward end ofthe tubular member 36.. This annular frustro-conical'wall 38 may be arranged atapproximately forty-five degrees with reference to the axis of the burner. A -reverselydisposed frustro-conical wall 39 mergestin an. arcuatemanner with the downstream portion. of the wall 381 The conical wall 39 has. an arcuate apex portion142directed upstream of the. burner. Thisstructural arrangement closes the downstream. endof the tubular member 36. The

inner surface 42 of theuconical. wallw 39udiverts the gas in connectionwithl Figs. 1 to.3. l The shield means includes an annular solid portion WhlChlS integral with. the I tubular member 36 at the juncture thereof with the frustroconical wall '39 and circumferential-1y spaced: u

fingers 29 The burner. structure shown in Fig. 4 in-.

cludes t-wo annular rows of discharge orifices 32 and 33' arranged in the frustro-conical wall 38 in a manner similar to the discharge ports described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3.

In cases vwhere liquid fuel burner such as shown at 24 is employed in association with the gas burner of Figs. 1 to 3 the stabilizing action? of the burning gaseous fuel is preserved and the,shap.e..of.tthe.liquid. fuel flame may be of any desired pattern depending upon the design of the liquidj burner tip.;.Tl'11e;central conical depression; of the as the overall organizationand that the gas burners will operatesatisfactorily when the gaseous fuel supplied has air mixed therewith. Such changes and others may be. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the;

invention as set forth in the appended claims.

.What I claim and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: 1. A gas burner comprising, a tubular member, a

frustro-con ical wall having its larger end coincident with;

said tubular member adjacent its downstream end and converging inwardly in. proceeding from said down-1 stream end, a second frustro-conical wall having its largerl end coincident with the smaller end of the firstfrustroconical wall, said second frustro-conical wall converging inwardly in proceeding upstream of the burner, said first. frustro-conical .wall having a first circumferential. row of discharge ports and a second circumferential row of discharge ports between the firstrow and said tubular rncm-.

ber with the axis of each discharge port diverging from the axis of the burner in proceeding downstream thereof,

means for supplying a gaseous fuel to the upstream sides of said frustro-conical walls, the axis of each ofthe discharge ports of said first rowbeing at an angle between ten and thirty-five degrees with respect to the axis of the burner and the axis of each of the discharge ports of said row being at an angle between fifty and eighty degrees with respect to the axis of the burner, said first row of discharge ports being of such number and size. in relation to the number and size of the ports of the second row that a major portion of said gaseous fuel escapes. therethrough to provide an elongated flame downstream of :the burner, frustro-conical shield means carried by the burner adjacent the juncture of the first frustroconical .wall with said, tubular member diverging in proceeding downstream of the burner, said shield meansineluding an unapertured annular portion adjacent the first frustro-conical wall preventing air from sweeping over outlet ends of the ports forming said second row, and said shield means including circumferentially, spaced fingers extending downstream beyond said unapertured. annular portion.

2.A gas burner comprising, a tubular member; a

frustro-conical wall having its larger end coincidentwithsaid tubular member adjacent its downstream end and converging inwardly in proceeding from said downstream end, a second'frustro-conical wall having its'larger end coincident with, the smaller end of the first frustroconical wall and converging inwardly in proceedingupa stream of the burner, said first frustro-conical wall having a first circumferential row of discharge portsand; a second. circumferential row ofdischarge, ports between the first row and said, tubular member with the axis of each discharge portdiverging from the axis of the burner at acute angles in proceeding downstream thereof; means for maintaining a supply of gaseous fuel under pressure at- -the' upstream sides of said frustro-conical walls, the axis of each of thedischarge ports of said first row being- I at a lower included angle with respect to the axis of the burner than the axis of the discharge ports of said second row, said first row of discharge ports being of such number and size in relation to the number and size of the ports of the second row that a major portion of the gaseous fuel escapes therethrough to provide an elongated fiame downstream of the burner, frustro-conical shield means carried by the burner adjacent the juncture of the first frustro-conical wall with said tubular member and diverging in proceeding downstream of the burner, said shield means being substantially parallel to the axes of the ports of said second row, said shield means including a continuous annular flange portion adjacent the periphery of said first frustro-conical wall for preventing air from sweeping over the outlet ends of the ports of said second row, and said shield means including circumferentially spaced substantially plate-shaped fingers extending downstream beyond said flange portion.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 626,387 Lawson June 6, 1899 1,938,335 Hubbard et al. Dec. 5, 1933 2,144,098 Baker Jan. 17, 1939 2,499,556 Zink Mar. 7, 1950