US2093661A - Asymmetrical conductor - Google Patents

Asymmetrical conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2093661A
US2093661A US122989A US12298937A US2093661A US 2093661 A US2093661 A US 2093661A US 122989 A US122989 A US 122989A US 12298937 A US12298937 A US 12298937A US 2093661 A US2093661 A US 2093661A
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United States
Prior art keywords
copper
cadmium
per cent
cuprous oxide
rectifiers
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US122989A
Inventor
George O Smith
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AT&T Corp
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Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to US122989A priority Critical patent/US2093661A/en
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Publication of US2093661A publication Critical patent/US2093661A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/16—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising cuprous oxide or cuprous iodide
    • H01L21/161—Preparation of the foundation plate, preliminary treatment oxidation of the foundation plate, reduction treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104—Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
    • H01L21/02521—Materials
    • H01L21/02565—Oxide semiconducting materials not being Group 12/16 materials, e.g. ternary compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104—Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02612—Formation types
    • H01L21/02614—Transformation of metal, e.g. oxidation, nitridation

Definitions

  • -T'his invention relates to devices that offer a greater resistance to current flow in one direction therethrough than in the opposite direction, and, more particularly, to such devices of the copper-cuprous oxidetype.
  • An object of this invention is to increase the resistance in the high resistance direction of copper-cuprous oxide rectifiers.
  • a feature of this invention comprises manufacturing copper-cuprous oxide type rectifiers from copper blanks formed from copper containing a small amount ofanother metal, more par- .ticularly, cadmium.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coppercuprous oxide rectifier in accordance with this invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the .device of Fig. 1.
  • a conductive device comprising a copper body containing cadmium having an integral layer of the oxide of said body thereon.
  • a copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing cadmium.
  • a copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing up to about .5 per cent cadmium.
  • a copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing up to about .1 25
  • a -copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing approximately .1

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Description

SYMMETRICAL CONDUCTOR Filed Jan. 29, 1957 COPPER, CONTAINING GADM/UM FIG. 2
INVENTOR G. O. SM/TH 8V mull GA, 7M
A TTORNE Y Patented Sept. 21, 1931 PATENT oFFicE ASYMMETRICAL CONDUCTOR George 0. Smith, Bloomfield, N. J.', assignor to Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, New York, Y., a corporation of New York Application January 29, 1937, Serial No. 122,989
6 Claims.
-T'his invention relates to devices that offer a greater resistance to current flow in one direction therethrough than in the opposite direction, and, more particularly, to such devices of the copper-cuprous oxidetype.
An object of this invention is to increase the resistance in the high resistance direction of copper-cuprous oxide rectifiers.
A feature of this invention comprises manufacturing copper-cuprous oxide type rectifiers from copper blanks formed from copper containing a small amount ofanother metal, more par- .ticularly, cadmium.
A more complete understanding of the invention will be obtained from the detailed description that follows, taken in conjunction with the appended drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coppercuprous oxide rectifier in accordance with this invention; and
Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the .device of Fig. 1.
Commercial copper having a high degree of copper purity with traces of metallic impurities totalingabout .04 percent, is in general use for the manufacture of copper-cuprous oxide rectifiers. In accordance with this invention, such copper, as received from the supplier, is remelted in a reducing atmosphere, and then a small amount of cadmium is added to the melt. Sheet copper of about .05 inch thickness is formed from the alloy, andcopper blanks or washers punched therefrom. Such a copper blank or washer I is then heat-treated, for example, by being placed in a first furnace having an oxidizing atmosphere at about 1000 C. for about eight minutes, then placed in a second furnace maintained at about 500 C. for about five minutes, and then quenched in cold water. The copper oxide layer 2 on the blank is then treated in any well-known manner to provide a good contact surface thereon.
It has been found thatthe addition of cadmium in an amount up to about .5 per cent-by weight results in a rectifier having an improved characteristic over rectifiers made from ordi- 5 nary commercial copper in that the resistance in the reverse current direction is increased. Rectifiers made from melts to which about .1 per cent, .25 per cent and .5 per cent cadmium were added gave this result. 10
It will be understood that this invention has been disclosed with reference to a preferred form thereof, and is to be considered as limited inscope by the appended claims only.
What is claimed is:
1. A conductive device comprising a copper body containing cadmium having an integral layer of the oxide of said body thereon.
2. A copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing cadmium.
3. A copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing up to about .5 per cent cadmium.
4. A copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing up to about .1 25
per cent cadmium.
5. A -copper-cuprous oxide rectifier formed from a copper body containing approximately .1
. per cent cadmium.
. form the oxide layer thereon.
. GEORGE 0. SMITH
US122989A 1937-01-29 1937-01-29 Asymmetrical conductor Expired - Lifetime US2093661A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2484252A (en) * 1944-11-07 1949-10-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Asymmetrical conductor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2484252A (en) * 1944-11-07 1949-10-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Asymmetrical conductor

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